Merge branch 'router-for-me:main' into main

fix(kiro): stop duplicated thinking on OpenAI and preserve Claude multi-turn thinking

.github/workflows/docker-image.yml

@@ -1,22 +1,21 @@
 name: docker-image
 
 on:
+  workflow_dispatch:
   push:
     tags:
       - v*
 
 env:
   APP_NAME: CLIProxyAPI
-  DOCKERHUB_REPO: eceasy/cli-proxy-api-plus
+  DOCKERHUB_REPO: ${{ secrets.DOCKERHUB_USERNAME }}/cli-proxy-api-plus
 
 jobs:
-  docker:
+  docker_amd64:
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
       - name: Checkout
         uses: actions/checkout@v4
-      - name: Set up QEMU
-        uses: docker/setup-qemu-action@v3
       - name: Set up Docker Buildx
         uses: docker/setup-buildx-action@v3
       - name: Login to DockerHub
@@ -29,18 +28,113 @@ jobs:
           echo VERSION=`git describe --tags --always --dirty` >> $GITHUB_ENV
           echo COMMIT=`git rev-parse --short HEAD` >> $GITHUB_ENV
           echo BUILD_DATE=`date -u +%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%SZ` >> $GITHUB_ENV
-      - name: Build and push
+      - name: Build and push (amd64)
         uses: docker/build-push-action@v6
         with:
           context: .
-          platforms: |
-            linux/amd64
-            linux/arm64
+          platforms: linux/amd64
           push: true
           build-args: |
             VERSION=${{ env.VERSION }}
             COMMIT=${{ env.COMMIT }}
             BUILD_DATE=${{ env.BUILD_DATE }}
           tags: |
-            ${{ env.DOCKERHUB_REPO }}:latest
-            ${{ env.DOCKERHUB_REPO }}:${{ env.VERSION }}
+            ${{ env.DOCKERHUB_REPO }}:latest-amd64
+            ${{ env.DOCKERHUB_REPO }}:${{ env.VERSION }}-amd64
+
+  docker_arm64:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-24.04-arm
+    steps:
+      - name: Checkout
+        uses: actions/checkout@v4
+      - name: Set up Docker Buildx
+        uses: docker/setup-buildx-action@v3
+      - name: Login to DockerHub
+        uses: docker/login-action@v3
+        with:
+          username: ${{ secrets.DOCKERHUB_USERNAME }}
+          password: ${{ secrets.DOCKERHUB_TOKEN }}
+      - name: Generate Build Metadata
+        run: |
+          echo VERSION=`git describe --tags --always --dirty` >> $GITHUB_ENV
+          echo COMMIT=`git rev-parse --short HEAD` >> $GITHUB_ENV
+          echo BUILD_DATE=`date -u +%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%SZ` >> $GITHUB_ENV
+      - name: Build and push (arm64)
+        uses: docker/build-push-action@v6
+        with:
+          context: .
+          platforms: linux/arm64
+          push: true
+          build-args: |
+            VERSION=${{ env.VERSION }}
+            COMMIT=${{ env.COMMIT }}
+            BUILD_DATE=${{ env.BUILD_DATE }}
+          tags: |
+            ${{ env.DOCKERHUB_REPO }}:latest-arm64
+            ${{ env.DOCKERHUB_REPO }}:${{ env.VERSION }}-arm64
+
+  docker_manifest:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    needs:
+      - docker_amd64
+      - docker_arm64
+    steps:
+      - name: Checkout
+        uses: actions/checkout@v4
+      - name: Set up Docker Buildx
+        uses: docker/setup-buildx-action@v3
+      - name: Login to DockerHub
+        uses: docker/login-action@v3
+        with:
+          username: ${{ secrets.DOCKERHUB_USERNAME }}
+          password: ${{ secrets.DOCKERHUB_TOKEN }}
+      - name: Generate Build Metadata
+        run: |
+          echo VERSION=`git describe --tags --always --dirty` >> $GITHUB_ENV
+          echo COMMIT=`git rev-parse --short HEAD` >> $GITHUB_ENV
+          echo BUILD_DATE=`date -u +%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%SZ` >> $GITHUB_ENV
+      - name: Create and push multi-arch manifests
+        run: |
+          docker buildx imagetools create \
+            --tag "${DOCKERHUB_REPO}:latest" \
+            "${DOCKERHUB_REPO}:latest-amd64" \
+            "${DOCKERHUB_REPO}:latest-arm64"
+          docker buildx imagetools create \
+            --tag "${DOCKERHUB_REPO}:${VERSION}" \
+            "${DOCKERHUB_REPO}:${VERSION}-amd64" \
+            "${DOCKERHUB_REPO}:${VERSION}-arm64"
+      - name: Cleanup temporary tags
+        continue-on-error: true
+        env:
+          DOCKERHUB_USERNAME: ${{ secrets.DOCKERHUB_USERNAME }}
+          DOCKERHUB_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.DOCKERHUB_TOKEN }}
+        run: |
+          set -euo pipefail
+          namespace="${DOCKERHUB_REPO%%/*}"
+          repo_name="${DOCKERHUB_REPO#*/}"
+
+          token="$(
+            curl -fsSL \
+              -H 'Content-Type: application/json' \
+              -d "{\"username\":\"${DOCKERHUB_USERNAME}\",\"password\":\"${DOCKERHUB_TOKEN}\"}" \
+              'https://hub.docker.com/v2/users/login/' \
+              | python3 -c 'import json,sys; print(json.load(sys.stdin)["token"])'
+          )"
+
+          delete_tag() {
+            local tag="$1"
+            local url="https://hub.docker.com/v2/repositories/${namespace}/${repo_name}/tags/${tag}/"
+            local http_code
+            http_code="$(curl -sS -o /dev/null -w "%{http_code}" -X DELETE -H "Authorization: JWT ${token}" "${url}" || true)"
+            if [ "${http_code}" = "204" ] || [ "${http_code}" = "404" ]; then
+              echo "Docker Hub tag removed (or missing): ${DOCKERHUB_REPO}:${tag} (HTTP ${http_code})"
+              return 0
+            fi
+            echo "Docker Hub tag delete failed: ${DOCKERHUB_REPO}:${tag} (HTTP ${http_code})"
+            return 0
+          }
+
+          delete_tag "latest-amd64"
+          delete_tag "latest-arm64"
+          delete_tag "${VERSION}-amd64"
+          delete_tag "${VERSION}-arm64"

.github/workflows/release.yaml

@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ jobs:
       - run: git fetch --force --tags
       - uses: actions/setup-go@v4
         with:
-          go-version: '>=1.24.0'
+          go-version: '>=1.26.0'
           cache: true
       - name: Generate Build Metadata
         run: |

.gitignore

@@ -3,16 +3,18 @@ cli-proxy-api
 cliproxy
 *.exe
 
+
 # Configuration
 config.yaml
 .env
-
+.mcp.json
 # Generated content
 bin/*
 logs/*
 conv/*
 temp/*
 refs/*
+tmp/*
 
 # Storage backends
 pgstore/*
@@ -50,3 +52,4 @@ _bmad-output/*
 # macOS
 .DS_Store
 ._*
+*.bak

Dockerfile

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-FROM golang:1.24-alpine AS builder
+FROM golang:1.26-alpine AS builder
 
 WORKDIR /app
 

README.md

@@ -13,11 +13,87 @@ The Plus release stays in lockstep with the mainline features.
 - Added GitHub Copilot support (OAuth login), provided by [em4go](https://github.com/em4go/CLIProxyAPI/tree/feature/github-copilot-auth)
 - Added Kiro (AWS CodeWhisperer) support (OAuth login), provided by [fuko2935](https://github.com/fuko2935/CLIProxyAPI/tree/feature/kiro-integration), [Ravens2121](https://github.com/Ravens2121/CLIProxyAPIPlus/)
 
+## New Features (Plus Enhanced)
+
+- **OAuth Web Authentication**: Browser-based OAuth login for Kiro with beautiful web UI
+- **Rate Limiter**: Built-in request rate limiting to prevent API abuse
+- **Background Token Refresh**: Automatic token refresh 10 minutes before expiration
+- **Metrics & Monitoring**: Request metrics collection for monitoring and debugging
+- **Device Fingerprint**: Device fingerprint generation for enhanced security
+- **Cooldown Management**: Smart cooldown mechanism for API rate limits
+- **Usage Checker**: Real-time usage monitoring and quota management
+- **Model Converter**: Unified model name conversion across providers
+- **UTF-8 Stream Processing**: Improved streaming response handling
+
+## Kiro Authentication
+
+### Web-based OAuth Login
+
+Access the Kiro OAuth web interface at:
+
+```
+http://your-server:8080/v0/oauth/kiro
+```
+
+This provides a browser-based OAuth flow for Kiro (AWS CodeWhisperer) authentication with:
+- AWS Builder ID login
+- AWS Identity Center (IDC) login
+- Token import from Kiro IDE
+
+## Quick Deployment with Docker
+
+### One-Command Deployment
+
+```bash
+# Create deployment directory
+mkdir -p ~/cli-proxy && cd ~/cli-proxy
+
+# Create docker-compose.yml
+cat > docker-compose.yml << 'EOF'
+services:
+  cli-proxy-api:
+    image: eceasy/cli-proxy-api-plus:latest
+    container_name: cli-proxy-api-plus
+    ports:
+      - "8317:8317"
+    volumes:
+      - ./config.yaml:/CLIProxyAPI/config.yaml
+      - ./auths:/root/.cli-proxy-api
+      - ./logs:/CLIProxyAPI/logs
+    restart: unless-stopped
+EOF
+
+# Download example config
+curl -o config.yaml https://raw.githubusercontent.com/router-for-me/CLIProxyAPIPlus/main/config.example.yaml
+
+# Pull and start
+docker compose pull && docker compose up -d
+```
+
+### Configuration
+
+Edit `config.yaml` before starting:
+
+```yaml
+# Basic configuration example
+server:
+  port: 8317
+
+# Add your provider configurations here
+```
+
+### Update to Latest Version
+
+```bash
+cd ~/cli-proxy
+docker compose pull && docker compose up -d
+```
+
 ## Contributing
 
 This project only accepts pull requests that relate to third-party provider support. Any pull requests unrelated to third-party provider support will be rejected.
 
-If you need to submit any non-third-party provider changes, please open them against the mainline repository.
+If you need to submit any non-third-party provider changes, please open them against the [mainline](https://github.com/router-for-me/CLIProxyAPI) repository.
 
 ## License
 

README_CN.md

@@ -13,11 +13,87 @@
 - 新增 GitHub Copilot 支持（OAuth 登录），由[em4go](https://github.com/em4go/CLIProxyAPI/tree/feature/github-copilot-auth)提供
 - 新增 Kiro (AWS CodeWhisperer) 支持 (OAuth 登录), 由[fuko2935](https://github.com/fuko2935/CLIProxyAPI/tree/feature/kiro-integration)、[Ravens2121](https://github.com/Ravens2121/CLIProxyAPIPlus/)提供
 
+## 新增功能 (Plus 增强版)
+
+- **OAuth Web 认证**: 基于浏览器的 Kiro OAuth 登录，提供美观的 Web UI
+- **请求限流器**: 内置请求限流，防止 API 滥用
+- **后台令牌刷新**: 过期前 10 分钟自动刷新令牌
+- **监控指标**: 请求指标收集，用于监控和调试
+- **设备指纹**: 设备指纹生成，增强安全性
+- **冷却管理**: 智能冷却机制，应对 API 速率限制
+- **用量检查器**: 实时用量监控和配额管理
+- **模型转换器**: 跨供应商的统一模型名称转换
+- **UTF-8 流处理**: 改进的流式响应处理
+
+## Kiro 认证
+
+### 网页端 OAuth 登录
+
+访问 Kiro OAuth 网页认证界面：
+
+```
+http://your-server:8080/v0/oauth/kiro
+```
+
+提供基于浏览器的 Kiro (AWS CodeWhisperer) OAuth 认证流程，支持：
+- AWS Builder ID 登录
+- AWS Identity Center (IDC) 登录
+- 从 Kiro IDE 导入令牌
+
+## Docker 快速部署
+
+### 一键部署
+
+```bash
+# 创建部署目录
+mkdir -p ~/cli-proxy && cd ~/cli-proxy
+
+# 创建 docker-compose.yml
+cat > docker-compose.yml << 'EOF'
+services:
+  cli-proxy-api:
+    image: eceasy/cli-proxy-api-plus:latest
+    container_name: cli-proxy-api-plus
+    ports:
+      - "8317:8317"
+    volumes:
+      - ./config.yaml:/CLIProxyAPI/config.yaml
+      - ./auths:/root/.cli-proxy-api
+      - ./logs:/CLIProxyAPI/logs
+    restart: unless-stopped
+EOF
+
+# 下载示例配置
+curl -o config.yaml https://raw.githubusercontent.com/router-for-me/CLIProxyAPIPlus/main/config.example.yaml
+
+# 拉取并启动
+docker compose pull && docker compose up -d
+```
+
+### 配置说明
+
+启动前请编辑 `config.yaml`：
+
+```yaml
+# 基本配置示例
+server:
+  port: 8317
+
+# 在此添加你的供应商配置
+```
+
+### 更新到最新版本
+
+```bash
+cd ~/cli-proxy
+docker compose pull && docker compose up -d
+```
+
 ## 贡献
 
 该项目仅接受第三方供应商支持的 Pull Request。任何非第三方供应商支持的 Pull Request 都将被拒绝。
 
-如果需要提交任何非第三方供应商支持的 Pull Request，请提交到主线版本。
+如果需要提交任何非第三方供应商支持的 Pull Request，请提交到[主线](https://github.com/router-for-me/CLIProxyAPI)版本。
 
 ## 许可证
 

cmd/server/main.go

@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@ import (
 	"errors"
 	"flag"
 	"fmt"
+	"io"
 	"io/fs"
 	"net/url"
 	"os"
@@ -17,6 +18,7 @@ import (
 
 	"github.com/joho/godotenv"
 	configaccess "github.com/router-for-me/CLIProxyAPI/v6/internal/access/config_access"
+	"github.com/router-for-me/CLIProxyAPI/v6/internal/auth/kiro"
 	"github.com/router-for-me/CLIProxyAPI/v6/internal/buildinfo"
 	"github.com/router-for-me/CLIProxyAPI/v6/internal/cmd"
 	"github.com/router-for-me/CLIProxyAPI/v6/internal/config"
@@ -25,6 +27,7 @@ import (
 	"github.com/router-for-me/CLIProxyAPI/v6/internal/misc"
 	"github.com/router-for-me/CLIProxyAPI/v6/internal/store"
 	_ "github.com/router-for-me/CLIProxyAPI/v6/internal/translator"
+	"github.com/router-for-me/CLIProxyAPI/v6/internal/tui"
 	"github.com/router-for-me/CLIProxyAPI/v6/internal/usage"
 	"github.com/router-for-me/CLIProxyAPI/v6/internal/util"
 	sdkAuth "github.com/router-for-me/CLIProxyAPI/v6/sdk/auth"
@@ -71,10 +74,13 @@ func main() {
 	var codexLogin bool
 	var claudeLogin bool
 	var qwenLogin bool
+	var kiloLogin bool
 	var iflowLogin bool
 	var iflowCookie bool
 	var noBrowser bool
+	var oauthCallbackPort int
 	var antigravityLogin bool
+	var kimiLogin bool
 	var kiroLogin bool
 	var kiroGoogleLogin bool
 	var kiroAWSLogin bool
@@ -85,6 +91,8 @@ func main() {
 	var vertexImport string
 	var configPath string
 	var password string
+	var tuiMode bool
+	var standalone bool
 	var noIncognito bool
 	var useIncognito bool
 
@@ -93,12 +101,15 @@ func main() {
 	flag.BoolVar(&codexLogin, "codex-login", false, "Login to Codex using OAuth")
 	flag.BoolVar(&claudeLogin, "claude-login", false, "Login to Claude using OAuth")
 	flag.BoolVar(&qwenLogin, "qwen-login", false, "Login to Qwen using OAuth")
+	flag.BoolVar(&kiloLogin, "kilo-login", false, "Login to Kilo AI using device flow")
 	flag.BoolVar(&iflowLogin, "iflow-login", false, "Login to iFlow using OAuth")
 	flag.BoolVar(&iflowCookie, "iflow-cookie", false, "Login to iFlow using Cookie")
 	flag.BoolVar(&noBrowser, "no-browser", false, "Don't open browser automatically for OAuth")
+	flag.IntVar(&oauthCallbackPort, "oauth-callback-port", 0, "Override OAuth callback port (defaults to provider-specific port)")
 	flag.BoolVar(&useIncognito, "incognito", false, "Open browser in incognito/private mode for OAuth (useful for multiple accounts)")
 	flag.BoolVar(&noIncognito, "no-incognito", false, "Force disable incognito mode (uses existing browser session)")
 	flag.BoolVar(&antigravityLogin, "antigravity-login", false, "Login to Antigravity using OAuth")
+	flag.BoolVar(&kimiLogin, "kimi-login", false, "Login to Kimi using OAuth")
 	flag.BoolVar(&kiroLogin, "kiro-login", false, "Login to Kiro using Google OAuth")
 	flag.BoolVar(&kiroGoogleLogin, "kiro-google-login", false, "Login to Kiro using Google OAuth (same as --kiro-login)")
 	flag.BoolVar(&kiroAWSLogin, "kiro-aws-login", false, "Login to Kiro using AWS Builder ID (device code flow)")
@@ -109,6 +120,8 @@ func main() {
 	flag.StringVar(&configPath, "config", DefaultConfigPath, "Configure File Path")
 	flag.StringVar(&vertexImport, "vertex-import", "", "Import Vertex service account key JSON file")
 	flag.StringVar(&password, "password", "", "")
+	flag.BoolVar(&tuiMode, "tui", false, "Start with terminal management UI")
+	flag.BoolVar(&standalone, "standalone", false, "In TUI mode, start an embedded local server")
 
 	flag.CommandLine.Usage = func() {
 		out := flag.CommandLine.Output()
@@ -454,7 +467,8 @@ func main() {
 
 	// Create login options to be used in authentication flows.
 	options := &cmd.LoginOptions{
-		NoBrowser: noBrowser,
+		NoBrowser:    noBrowser,
+		CallbackPort: oauthCallbackPort,
 	}
 
 	// Register the shared token store once so all components use the same persistence backend.
@@ -469,7 +483,7 @@ func main() {
 	}
 
 	// Register built-in access providers before constructing services.
-	configaccess.Register()
+	configaccess.Register(&cfg.SDKConfig)
 
 	// Handle different command modes based on the provided flags.
 
@@ -493,10 +507,14 @@ func main() {
 		cmd.DoClaudeLogin(cfg, options)
 	} else if qwenLogin {
 		cmd.DoQwenLogin(cfg, options)
+	} else if kiloLogin {
+		cmd.DoKiloLogin(cfg, options)
 	} else if iflowLogin {
 		cmd.DoIFlowLogin(cfg, options)
 	} else if iflowCookie {
 		cmd.DoIFlowCookieAuth(cfg, options)
+	} else if kimiLogin {
+		cmd.DoKimiLogin(cfg, options)
 	} else if kiroLogin {
 		// For Kiro auth, default to incognito mode for multi-account support
 		// Users can explicitly override with --no-incognito
@@ -528,8 +546,89 @@ func main() {
 			cmd.WaitForCloudDeploy()
 			return
 		}
-		// Start the main proxy service
-		managementasset.StartAutoUpdater(context.Background(), configFilePath)
-		cmd.StartService(cfg, configFilePath, password)
+		if tuiMode {
+			if standalone {
+				// Standalone mode: start an embedded local server and connect TUI client to it.
+				managementasset.StartAutoUpdater(context.Background(), configFilePath)
+				hook := tui.NewLogHook(2000)
+				hook.SetFormatter(&logging.LogFormatter{})
+				log.AddHook(hook)
+
+				origStdout := os.Stdout
+				origStderr := os.Stderr
+				origLogOutput := log.StandardLogger().Out
+				log.SetOutput(io.Discard)
+
+				devNull, errOpenDevNull := os.Open(os.DevNull)
+				if errOpenDevNull == nil {
+					os.Stdout = devNull
+					os.Stderr = devNull
+				}
+
+				restoreIO := func() {
+					os.Stdout = origStdout
+					os.Stderr = origStderr
+					log.SetOutput(origLogOutput)
+					if devNull != nil {
+						_ = devNull.Close()
+					}
+				}
+
+				localMgmtPassword := fmt.Sprintf("tui-%d-%d", os.Getpid(), time.Now().UnixNano())
+				if password == "" {
+					password = localMgmtPassword
+				}
+
+				cancel, done := cmd.StartServiceBackground(cfg, configFilePath, password)
+
+				client := tui.NewClient(cfg.Port, password)
+				ready := false
+				backoff := 100 * time.Millisecond
+				for i := 0; i < 30; i++ {
+					if _, errGetConfig := client.GetConfig(); errGetConfig == nil {
+						ready = true
+						break
+					}
+					time.Sleep(backoff)
+					if backoff < time.Second {
+						backoff = time.Duration(float64(backoff) * 1.5)
+					}
+				}
+
+				if !ready {
+					restoreIO()
+					cancel()
+					<-done
+					fmt.Fprintf(os.Stderr, "TUI error: embedded server is not ready\n")
+					return
+				}
+
+				if errRun := tui.Run(cfg.Port, password, hook, origStdout); errRun != nil {
+					restoreIO()
+					fmt.Fprintf(os.Stderr, "TUI error: %v\n", errRun)
+				} else {
+					restoreIO()
+				}
+
+				cancel()
+				<-done
+			} else {
+				// Default TUI mode: pure management client.
+				// The proxy server must already be running.
+				if errRun := tui.Run(cfg.Port, password, nil, os.Stdout); errRun != nil {
+					fmt.Fprintf(os.Stderr, "TUI error: %v\n", errRun)
+				}
+			}
+		} else {
+      // Start the main proxy service
+      managementasset.StartAutoUpdater(context.Background(), configFilePath)
+
+      if cfg.AuthDir != "" {
+        kiro.InitializeAndStart(cfg.AuthDir, cfg)
+        defer kiro.StopGlobalRefreshManager()
+      }
+
+      cmd.StartService(cfg, configFilePath, password)
+		}
 	}
 }

config.example.yaml

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 # Server host/interface to bind to. Default is empty ("") to bind all interfaces (IPv4 + IPv6).
 # Use "127.0.0.1" or "localhost" to restrict access to local machine only.
-host: ""
+host: ''
 
 # Server port
 port: 8317
@@ -8,8 +8,8 @@ port: 8317
 # TLS settings for HTTPS. When enabled, the server listens with the provided certificate and key.
 tls:
   enable: false
-  cert: ""
-  key: ""
+  cert: ''
+  key: ''
 
 # Management API settings
 remote-management:
@@ -20,26 +20,31 @@ remote-management:
   # Management key. If a plaintext value is provided here, it will be hashed on startup.
   # All management requests (even from localhost) require this key.
   # Leave empty to disable the Management API entirely (404 for all /v0/management routes).
-  secret-key: ""
+  secret-key: ''
 
   # Disable the bundled management control panel asset download and HTTP route when true.
   disable-control-panel: false
 
   # GitHub repository for the management control panel. Accepts a repository URL or releases API URL.
-  panel-github-repository: "https://github.com/router-for-me/Cli-Proxy-API-Management-Center"
+  panel-github-repository: 'https://github.com/router-for-me/Cli-Proxy-API-Management-Center'
 
 # Authentication directory (supports ~ for home directory)
-auth-dir: "~/.cli-proxy-api"
+auth-dir: '~/.cli-proxy-api'
 
 # API keys for authentication
 api-keys:
-  - "your-api-key-1"
-  - "your-api-key-2"
-  - "your-api-key-3"
+  - 'your-api-key-1'
+  - 'your-api-key-2'
+  - 'your-api-key-3'
 
 # Enable debug logging
 debug: false
 
+# Enable pprof HTTP debug server (host:port). Keep it bound to localhost for safety.
+pprof:
+  enable: false
+  addr: '127.0.0.1:8316'
+
 # When true, disable high-overhead HTTP middleware features to reduce per-request memory usage under high concurrency.
 commercial-mode: false
 
@@ -55,15 +60,23 @@ logging-to-file: false
 # files are deleted until within the limit. Set to 0 to disable.
 logs-max-total-size-mb: 0
 
+# Maximum number of error log files retained when request logging is disabled.
+# When exceeded, the oldest error log files are deleted. Default is 10. Set to 0 to disable cleanup.
+error-logs-max-files: 10
+
 # When false, disable in-memory usage statistics aggregation
 usage-statistics-enabled: false
 
 # Proxy URL. Supports socks5/http/https protocols. Example: socks5://user:pass@192.168.1.1:1080/
-proxy-url: ""
+proxy-url: ''
 
 # When true, unprefixed model requests only use credentials without a prefix (except when prefix == model name).
 force-model-prefix: false
 
+# When true, forward filtered upstream response headers to downstream clients.
+# Default is false (disabled).
+passthrough-headers: false
+
 # Number of times to retry a request. Retries will occur if the HTTP response code is 403, 408, 500, 502, 503, or 504.
 request-retry: 3
 
@@ -77,11 +90,14 @@ quota-exceeded:
 
 # Routing strategy for selecting credentials when multiple match.
 routing:
-  strategy: "round-robin" # round-robin (default), fill-first
+  strategy: 'round-robin' # round-robin (default), fill-first
 
 # When true, enable authentication for the WebSocket API (/v1/ws).
 ws-auth: false
 
+# When > 0, emit blank lines every N seconds for non-streaming responses to prevent idle timeouts.
+nonstream-keepalive-interval: 0
+
 # Streaming behavior (SSE keep-alives + safe bootstrap retries).
 # streaming:
 #   keepalive-seconds: 15   # Default: 0 (disabled). <= 0 disables keep-alives.
@@ -139,6 +155,23 @@ ws-auth: false
 #       - "claude-3-*"               # wildcard matching prefix (e.g. claude-3-7-sonnet-20250219)
 #       - "*-thinking"               # wildcard matching suffix (e.g. claude-opus-4-5-thinking)
 #       - "*haiku*"                  # wildcard matching substring (e.g. claude-3-5-haiku-20241022)
+#     cloak:                         # optional: request cloaking for non-Claude-Code clients
+#       mode: "auto"                 # "auto" (default): cloak only when client is not Claude Code
+#                                    # "always": always apply cloaking
+#                                    # "never": never apply cloaking
+#       strict-mode: false           # false (default): prepend Claude Code prompt to user system messages
+#                                    # true: strip all user system messages, keep only Claude Code prompt
+#       sensitive-words:             # optional: words to obfuscate with zero-width characters
+#         - "API"
+#         - "proxy"
+
+# Default headers for Claude API requests. Update when Claude Code releases new versions.
+# These are used as fallbacks when the client does not send its own headers.
+# claude-header-defaults:
+#   user-agent: "claude-cli/2.1.44 (external, sdk-cli)"
+#   package-version: "0.74.0"
+#   runtime-version: "v24.3.0"
+#   timeout: "600"
 
 # Kiro (AWS CodeWhisperer) configuration
 # Note: Kiro API currently only operates in us-east-1 region
@@ -150,6 +183,21 @@ ws-auth: false
 #    profile-arn: "arn:aws:codewhisperer:us-east-1:..."
 #    proxy-url: "socks5://proxy.example.com:1080" # optional: proxy override
 
+# Kilocode (OAuth-based code assistant)
+# Note: Kilocode uses OAuth device flow authentication.
+# Use the CLI command: ./server --kilo-login
+# This will save credentials to the auth directory (default: ~/.cli-proxy-api/)
+# oauth-model-alias:
+#   kilo:
+#     - name: "minimax/minimax-m2.5:free"
+#       alias: "minimax-m2.5"
+#     - name: "z-ai/glm-5:free"
+#       alias: "glm-5"
+# oauth-excluded-models:
+#   kilo:
+#     - "kilo-claude-opus-4-6"  # exclude specific models (exact match)
+#     - "*:free"                # wildcard matching suffix (e.g. all free models)
+
 # OpenAI compatibility providers
 # openai-compatibility:
 #   - name: "openrouter" # The name of the provider; it will be used in the user agent and other places.
@@ -213,11 +261,27 @@ ws-auth: false
 #     - from: "claude-haiku-4-5-20251001"
 #       to: "gemini-2.5-flash"
 
-# Global OAuth model name mappings (per channel)
-# These mappings rename model IDs for both model listing and request routing.
-# Supported channels: gemini-cli, vertex, aistudio, antigravity, claude, codex, qwen, iflow.
-# NOTE: Mappings do not apply to gemini-api-key, codex-api-key, claude-api-key, openai-compatibility, vertex-api-key, or ampcode.
-# oauth-model-mappings:
+# Global OAuth model name aliases (per channel)
+# These aliases rename model IDs for both model listing and request routing.
+# Supported channels: gemini-cli, vertex, aistudio, antigravity, claude, codex, qwen, iflow, kiro, github-copilot, kimi.
+# NOTE: Aliases do not apply to gemini-api-key, codex-api-key, claude-api-key, openai-compatibility, vertex-api-key, or ampcode.
+# You can repeat the same name with different aliases to expose multiple client model names.
+# oauth-model-alias:
+#  antigravity:
+#    - name: "rev19-uic3-1p"
+#      alias: "gemini-2.5-computer-use-preview-10-2025"
+#    - name: "gemini-3-pro-image"
+#      alias: "gemini-3-pro-image-preview"
+#    - name: "gemini-3-pro-high"
+#      alias: "gemini-3-pro-preview"
+#    - name: "gemini-3-flash"
+#      alias: "gemini-3-flash-preview"
+#    - name: "claude-sonnet-4-5"
+#      alias: "gemini-claude-sonnet-4-5"
+#    - name: "claude-sonnet-4-5-thinking"
+#      alias: "gemini-claude-sonnet-4-5-thinking"
+#    - name: "claude-opus-4-5-thinking"
+#      alias: "gemini-claude-opus-4-5-thinking"
 #   gemini-cli:
 #     - name: "gemini-2.5-pro"          # original model name under this channel
 #       alias: "g2.5p"                  # client-visible alias
@@ -228,9 +292,6 @@ ws-auth: false
 #   aistudio:
 #     - name: "gemini-2.5-pro"
 #       alias: "g2.5p"
-#   antigravity:
-#     - name: "gemini-3-pro-preview"
-#       alias: "g3p"
 #   claude:
 #     - name: "claude-sonnet-4-5-20250929"
 #       alias: "cs4.5"
@@ -243,8 +304,18 @@ ws-auth: false
 #   iflow:
 #     - name: "glm-4.7"
 #       alias: "glm-god"
+#   kimi:
+#     - name: "kimi-k2.5"
+#       alias: "k2.5"
+#   kiro:
+#     - name: "kiro-claude-opus-4-5"
+#       alias: "op45"
+#   github-copilot:
+#     - name: "gpt-5"
+#       alias: "copilot-gpt5"
 
 # OAuth provider excluded models
+# Supported channels: gemini-cli, vertex, aistudio, antigravity, claude, codex, qwen, iflow, kiro, github-copilot.
 # oauth-excluded-models:
 #   gemini-cli:
 #     - "gemini-2.5-pro"     # exclude specific models (exact match)
@@ -265,18 +336,43 @@ ws-auth: false
 #     - "vision-model"
 #   iflow:
 #     - "tstars2.0"
+#   kimi:
+#     - "kimi-k2-thinking"
+#   kiro:
+#     - "kiro-claude-haiku-4-5"
+#   github-copilot:
+#     - "raptor-mini"
 
 # Optional payload configuration
 # payload:
 #   default: # Default rules only set parameters when they are missing in the payload.
 #     - models:
 #         - name: "gemini-2.5-pro" # Supports wildcards (e.g., "gemini-*")
-#           protocol: "gemini" # restricts the rule to a specific protocol, options: openai, gemini, claude, codex
+#           protocol: "gemini" # restricts the rule to a specific protocol, options: openai, gemini, claude, codex, antigravity
 #       params: # JSON path (gjson/sjson syntax) -> value
 #         "generationConfig.thinkingConfig.thinkingBudget": 32768
+#   default-raw: # Default raw rules set parameters using raw JSON when missing (must be valid JSON).
+#     - models:
+#         - name: "gemini-2.5-pro" # Supports wildcards (e.g., "gemini-*")
+#           protocol: "gemini" # restricts the rule to a specific protocol, options: openai, gemini, claude, codex, antigravity
+#       params: # JSON path (gjson/sjson syntax) -> raw JSON value (strings are used as-is, must be valid JSON)
+#         "generationConfig.responseJsonSchema": "{\"type\":\"object\",\"properties\":{\"answer\":{\"type\":\"string\"}}}"
 #   override: # Override rules always set parameters, overwriting any existing values.
 #     - models:
 #         - name: "gpt-*" # Supports wildcards (e.g., "gpt-*")
-#           protocol: "codex" # restricts the rule to a specific protocol, options: openai, gemini, claude, codex
+#           protocol: "codex" # restricts the rule to a specific protocol, options: openai, gemini, claude, codex, antigravity
 #       params: # JSON path (gjson/sjson syntax) -> value
 #         "reasoning.effort": "high"
+#   override-raw: # Override raw rules always set parameters using raw JSON (must be valid JSON).
+#     - models:
+#         - name: "gpt-*" # Supports wildcards (e.g., "gpt-*")
+#           protocol: "codex" # restricts the rule to a specific protocol, options: openai, gemini, claude, codex, antigravity
+#       params: # JSON path (gjson/sjson syntax) -> raw JSON value (strings are used as-is, must be valid JSON)
+#         "response_format": "{\"type\":\"json_schema\",\"json_schema\":{\"name\":\"answer\",\"schema\":{\"type\":\"object\"}}}"
+#   filter: # Filter rules remove specified parameters from the payload.
+#     - models:
+#         - name: "gemini-2.5-pro" # Supports wildcards (e.g., "gemini-*")
+#           protocol: "gemini" # restricts the rule to a specific protocol, options: openai, gemini, claude, codex, antigravity
+#       params: # JSON paths (gjson/sjson syntax) to remove from the payload
+#         - "generationConfig.thinkingConfig.thinkingBudget"
+#         - "generationConfig.responseJsonSchema"

docker-build.sh

@@ -152,16 +152,16 @@ case "$choice" in
     # Build and start the services with a local-only image tag
     export CLI_PROXY_IMAGE="cli-proxy-api:local"
 
-    if [[ "${WITH_USAGE}" == "true" ]]; then
-      export_stats
-    fi
-
     echo "Building the Docker image..."
     docker compose build \
       --build-arg VERSION="${VERSION}" \
       --build-arg COMMIT="${COMMIT}" \
       --build-arg BUILD_DATE="${BUILD_DATE}"
 
+    if [[ "${WITH_USAGE}" == "true" ]]; then
+      export_stats
+    fi
+
     echo "Starting the services..."
     docker compose up -d --remove-orphans --pull never
 

docker-compose.yml

@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ services:
       - "51121:51121"
       - "11451:11451"
     volumes:
-      - ./config.yaml:/CLIProxyAPI/config.yaml
-      - ./auths:/root/.cli-proxy-api
-      - ./logs:/CLIProxyAPI/logs
+      - ${CLI_PROXY_CONFIG_PATH:-./config.yaml}:/CLIProxyAPI/config.yaml
+      - ${CLI_PROXY_AUTH_PATH:-./auths}:/root/.cli-proxy-api
+      - ${CLI_PROXY_LOG_PATH:-./logs}:/CLIProxyAPI/logs
     restart: unless-stopped

docs/sdk-access.md

@@ -7,80 +7,71 @@ The `github.com/router-for-me/CLIProxyAPI/v6/sdk/access` package centralizes inb
 ```go
 import (
     sdkaccess "github.com/router-for-me/CLIProxyAPI/v6/sdk/access"
-    "github.com/router-for-me/CLIProxyAPI/v6/internal/config"
 )
 ```
 
 Add the module with `go get github.com/router-for-me/CLIProxyAPI/v6/sdk/access`.
 
+## Provider Registry
+
+Providers are registered globally and then attached to a `Manager` as a snapshot:
+
+- `RegisterProvider(type, provider)` installs a pre-initialized provider instance.
+- Registration order is preserved the first time each `type` is seen.
+- `RegisteredProviders()` returns the providers in that order.
+
 ## Manager Lifecycle
 
 ```go
 manager := sdkaccess.NewManager()
-providers, err := sdkaccess.BuildProviders(cfg)
-if err != nil {
-    return err
-}
-manager.SetProviders(providers)
+manager.SetProviders(sdkaccess.RegisteredProviders())
 ```
 
 * `NewManager` constructs an empty manager.
 * `SetProviders` replaces the provider slice using a defensive copy.
 * `Providers` retrieves a snapshot that can be iterated safely from other goroutines.
-* `BuildProviders` translates `config.Config` access declarations into runnable providers. When the config omits explicit providers but defines inline API keys, the helper auto-installs the built-in `config-api-key` provider.
+
+If the manager itself is `nil` or no providers are configured, the call returns `nil, nil`, allowing callers to treat access control as disabled.
 
 ## Authenticating Requests
 
 ```go
-result, err := manager.Authenticate(ctx, req)
+result, authErr := manager.Authenticate(ctx, req)
 switch {
-case err == nil:
+case authErr == nil:
     // Authentication succeeded; result describes the provider and principal.
-case errors.Is(err, sdkaccess.ErrNoCredentials):
+case sdkaccess.IsAuthErrorCode(authErr, sdkaccess.AuthErrorCodeNoCredentials):
     // No recognizable credentials were supplied.
-case errors.Is(err, sdkaccess.ErrInvalidCredential):
+case sdkaccess.IsAuthErrorCode(authErr, sdkaccess.AuthErrorCodeInvalidCredential):
     // Supplied credentials were present but rejected.
 default:
-    // Transport-level failure was returned by a provider.
+    // Internal/transport failure was returned by a provider.
 }
 ```
 
-`Manager.Authenticate` walks the configured providers in order. It returns on the first success, skips providers that surface `ErrNotHandled`, and tracks whether any provider reported `ErrNoCredentials` or `ErrInvalidCredential` for downstream error reporting.
-
-If the manager itself is `nil` or no providers are registered, the call returns `nil, nil`, allowing callers to treat access control as disabled without branching on errors.
+`Manager.Authenticate` walks the configured providers in order. It returns on the first success, skips providers that return `AuthErrorCodeNotHandled`, and aggregates `AuthErrorCodeNoCredentials` / `AuthErrorCodeInvalidCredential` for a final result.
 
 Each `Result` includes the provider identifier, the resolved principal, and optional metadata (for example, which header carried the credential).
 
-## Configuration Layout
+## Built-in `config-api-key` Provider
 
-The manager expects access providers under the `auth.providers` key inside `config.yaml`:
+The proxy includes one built-in access provider:
+
+- `config-api-key`: Validates API keys declared under top-level `api-keys`.
+  - Credential sources: `Authorization: Bearer`, `X-Goog-Api-Key`, `X-Api-Key`, `?key=`, `?auth_token=`
+  - Metadata: `Result.Metadata["source"]` is set to the matched source label.
+
+In the CLI server and `sdk/cliproxy`, this provider is registered automatically based on the loaded configuration.
 
 ```yaml
-auth:
-  providers:
-    - name: inline-api
-      type: config-api-key
-      api-keys:
-        - sk-test-123
-        - sk-prod-456
+api-keys:
+  - sk-test-123
+  - sk-prod-456
 ```
 
-Fields map directly to `config.AccessProvider`: `name` labels the provider, `type` selects the registered factory, `sdk` can name an external module, `api-keys` seeds inline credentials, and `config` passes provider-specific options.
+## Loading Providers from External Go Modules
 
-### Loading providers from external SDK modules
-
-To consume a provider shipped in another Go module, point the `sdk` field at the module path and import it for its registration side effect:
-
-```yaml
-auth:
-  providers:
-    - name: partner-auth
-      type: partner-token
-      sdk: github.com/acme/xplatform/sdk/access/providers/partner
-      config:
-        region: us-west-2
-        audience: cli-proxy
-```
+To consume a provider shipped in another Go module, import it for its registration side effect:
 
 ```go
 import (
@@ -89,19 +80,11 @@ import (
 )
 ```
 
-The blank identifier import ensures `init` runs so `sdkaccess.RegisterProvider` executes before `BuildProviders` is called.
-
-## Built-in Providers
-
-The SDK ships with one provider out of the box:
-
-- `config-api-key`: Validates API keys declared inline or under top-level `api-keys`. It accepts the key from `Authorization: Bearer`, `X-Goog-Api-Key`, `X-Api-Key`, or the `?key=` query string and reports `ErrInvalidCredential` when no match is found.
-
-Additional providers can be delivered by third-party packages. When a provider package is imported, it registers itself with `sdkaccess.RegisterProvider`.
+The blank identifier import ensures `init` runs so `sdkaccess.RegisterProvider` executes before you call `RegisteredProviders()` (or before `cliproxy.NewBuilder().Build()`).
 
 ### Metadata and auditing
 
-`Result.Metadata` carries provider-specific context. The built-in `config-api-key` provider, for example, stores the credential source (`authorization`, `x-goog-api-key`, `x-api-key`, or `query-key`). Populate this map in custom providers to enrich logs and downstream auditing.
+`Result.Metadata` carries provider-specific context. The built-in `config-api-key` provider, for example, stores the credential source (`authorization`, `x-goog-api-key`, `x-api-key`, `query-key`, `query-auth-token`). Populate this map in custom providers to enrich logs and downstream auditing.
 
 ## Writing Custom Providers
 
@@ -110,13 +93,13 @@ type customProvider struct{}
 
 func (p *customProvider) Identifier() string { return "my-provider" }
 
-func (p *customProvider) Authenticate(ctx context.Context, r *http.Request) (*sdkaccess.Result, error) {
+func (p *customProvider) Authenticate(ctx context.Context, r *http.Request) (*sdkaccess.Result, *sdkaccess.AuthError) {
     token := r.Header.Get("X-Custom")
     if token == "" {
-        return nil, sdkaccess.ErrNoCredentials
+        return nil, sdkaccess.NewNotHandledError()
     }
     if token != "expected" {
-        return nil, sdkaccess.ErrInvalidCredential
+        return nil, sdkaccess.NewInvalidCredentialError()
     }
     return &sdkaccess.Result{
         Provider:  p.Identifier(),
@@ -126,51 +109,46 @@ func (p *customProvider) Authenticate(ctx context.Context, r *http.Request) (*sd
 }
 
 func init() {
-    sdkaccess.RegisterProvider("custom", func(cfg *config.AccessProvider, root *config.Config) (sdkaccess.Provider, error) {
-        return &customProvider{}, nil
-    })
+    sdkaccess.RegisterProvider("custom", &customProvider{})
 }
 ```
 
-A provider must implement `Identifier()` and `Authenticate()`. To expose it to configuration, call `RegisterProvider` inside `init`. Provider factories receive the specific `AccessProvider` block plus the full root configuration for contextual needs.
+A provider must implement `Identifier()` and `Authenticate()`. To make it available to the access manager, call `RegisterProvider` inside `init` with an initialized provider instance.
 
 ## Error Semantics
 
-- `ErrNoCredentials`: no credentials were present or recognized by any provider.
-- `ErrInvalidCredential`: at least one provider processed the credentials but rejected them.
-- `ErrNotHandled`: instructs the manager to fall through to the next provider without affecting aggregate error reporting.
+- `NewNoCredentialsError()` (`AuthErrorCodeNoCredentials`): no credentials were present or recognized. (HTTP 401)
+- `NewInvalidCredentialError()` (`AuthErrorCodeInvalidCredential`): credentials were present but rejected. (HTTP 401)
+- `NewNotHandledError()` (`AuthErrorCodeNotHandled`): fall through to the next provider.
+- `NewInternalAuthError(message, cause)` (`AuthErrorCodeInternal`): transport/system failure. (HTTP 500)
 
-Return custom errors to surface transport failures; they propagate immediately to the caller instead of being masked.
+Errors propagate immediately to the caller unless they are classified as `not_handled` / `no_credentials` / `invalid_credential` and can be aggregated by the manager.
 
 ## Integration with cliproxy Service
 
-`sdk/cliproxy` wires `@sdk/access` automatically when you build a CLI service via `cliproxy.NewBuilder`. Supplying a preconfigured manager allows you to extend or override the default providers:
+`sdk/cliproxy` wires `@sdk/access` automatically when you build a CLI service via `cliproxy.NewBuilder`. Supplying a manager lets you reuse the same instance in your host process:
 
 ```go
 coreCfg, _ := config.LoadConfig("config.yaml")
-providers, _ := sdkaccess.BuildProviders(coreCfg)
-manager := sdkaccess.NewManager()
-manager.SetProviders(providers)
+accessManager := sdkaccess.NewManager()
 
 svc, _ := cliproxy.NewBuilder().
   WithConfig(coreCfg).
-  WithAccessManager(manager).
+  WithConfigPath("config.yaml").
+  WithRequestAccessManager(accessManager).
   Build()
 ```
 
-The service reuses the manager for every inbound request, ensuring consistent authentication across embedded deployments and the canonical CLI binary.
+Register any custom providers (typically via blank imports) before calling `Build()` so they are present in the global registry snapshot.
 
-### Hot reloading providers
+### Hot reloading
 
-When configuration changes, rebuild providers and swap them into the manager:
+When configuration changes, refresh any config-backed providers and then reset the manager's provider chain:
 
 ```go
-providers, err := sdkaccess.BuildProviders(newCfg)
-if err != nil {
-    log.Errorf("reload auth providers failed: %v", err)
-    return
-}
-accessManager.SetProviders(providers)
+// configaccess is github.com/router-for-me/CLIProxyAPI/v6/internal/access/config_access
+configaccess.Register(&newCfg.SDKConfig)
+accessManager.SetProviders(sdkaccess.RegisteredProviders())
 ```
 
-This mirrors the behaviour in `cliproxy.Service.refreshAccessProviders` and `api.Server.applyAccessConfig`, enabling runtime updates without restarting the process.
+This mirrors the behaviour in `internal/access.ApplyAccessProviders`, enabling runtime updates without restarting the process.

docs/sdk-access_CN.md

@@ -7,80 +7,71 @@
 ```go
 import (
     sdkaccess "github.com/router-for-me/CLIProxyAPI/v6/sdk/access"
-    "github.com/router-for-me/CLIProxyAPI/v6/internal/config"
 )
 ```
 
 通过 `go get github.com/router-for-me/CLIProxyAPI/v6/sdk/access` 添加依赖。
 
+## Provider Registry
+
+访问提供者是全局注册，然后以快照形式挂到 `Manager` 上：
+
+- `RegisterProvider(type, provider)` 注册一个已经初始化好的 provider 实例。
+- 每个 `type` 第一次出现时会记录其注册顺序。
+- `RegisteredProviders()` 会按该顺序返回 provider 列表。
+
 ## 管理器生命周期
 
 ```go
 manager := sdkaccess.NewManager()
-providers, err := sdkaccess.BuildProviders(cfg)
-if err != nil {
-    return err
-}
-manager.SetProviders(providers)
+manager.SetProviders(sdkaccess.RegisteredProviders())
 ```
 
 - `NewManager` 创建空管理器。
 - `SetProviders` 替换提供者切片并做防御性拷贝。
 - `Providers` 返回适合并发读取的快照。
-- `BuildProviders` 将 `config.Config` 中的访问配置转换成可运行的提供者。当配置没有显式声明但包含顶层 `api-keys` 时，会自动挂载内建的 `config-api-key` 提供者。
+
+如果管理器本身为 `nil` 或未配置任何 provider，调用会返回 `nil, nil`，可视为关闭访问控制。
 
 ## 认证请求
 
 ```go
-result, err := manager.Authenticate(ctx, req)
+result, authErr := manager.Authenticate(ctx, req)
 switch {
-case err == nil:
+case authErr == nil:
     // Authentication succeeded; result carries provider and principal.
-case errors.Is(err, sdkaccess.ErrNoCredentials):
+case sdkaccess.IsAuthErrorCode(authErr, sdkaccess.AuthErrorCodeNoCredentials):
     // No recognizable credentials were supplied.
-case errors.Is(err, sdkaccess.ErrInvalidCredential):
+case sdkaccess.IsAuthErrorCode(authErr, sdkaccess.AuthErrorCodeInvalidCredential):
     // Credentials were present but rejected.
 default:
     // Provider surfaced a transport-level failure.
 }
 ```
 
-`Manager.Authenticate` 按配置顺序遍历提供者。遇到成功立即返回，`ErrNotHandled` 会继续尝试下一个；若发现 `ErrNoCredentials` 或 `ErrInvalidCredential`，会在遍历结束后汇总给调用方。
-
-若管理器本身为 `nil` 或尚未注册提供者，调用会返回 `nil, nil`，让调用方无需针对错误做额外分支即可关闭访问控制。
+`Manager.Authenticate` 会按顺序遍历 provider：遇到成功立即返回，`AuthErrorCodeNotHandled` 会继续尝试下一个；`AuthErrorCodeNoCredentials` / `AuthErrorCodeInvalidCredential` 会在遍历结束后汇总给调用方。
 
 `Result` 提供认证提供者标识、解析出的主体以及可选元数据（例如凭证来源）。
 
-## 配置结构
+## 内建 `config-api-key` Provider
 
-在 `config.yaml` 的 `auth.providers` 下定义访问提供者：
+代理内置一个访问提供者：
+
+- `config-api-key`：校验 `config.yaml` 顶层的 `api-keys`。
+  - 凭证来源：`Authorization: Bearer`、`X-Goog-Api-Key`、`X-Api-Key`、`?key=`、`?auth_token=`
+  - 元数据：`Result.Metadata["source"]` 会写入匹配到的来源标识
+
+在 CLI 服务端与 `sdk/cliproxy` 中，该 provider 会根据加载到的配置自动注册。
 
 ```yaml
-auth:
-  providers:
-    - name: inline-api
-      type: config-api-key
-      api-keys:
-        - sk-test-123
-        - sk-prod-456
+api-keys:
+  - sk-test-123
+  - sk-prod-456
 ```
 
-条目映射到 `config.AccessProvider`：`name` 指定实例名，`type` 选择注册的工厂，`sdk` 可引用第三方模块，`api-keys` 提供内联凭证，`config` 用于传递特定选项。
+## 引入外部 Go 模块提供者
 
-### 引入外部 SDK 提供者
-
-若要消费其它 Go 模块输出的访问提供者，可在配置里填写 `sdk` 字段并在代码中引入该包，利用其 `init` 注册过程：
-
-```yaml
-auth:
-  providers:
-    - name: partner-auth
-      type: partner-token
-      sdk: github.com/acme/xplatform/sdk/access/providers/partner
-      config:
-        region: us-west-2
-        audience: cli-proxy
-```
+若要消费其它 Go 模块输出的访问提供者，直接用空白标识符导入以触发其 `init` 注册即可：
 
 ```go
 import (
@@ -89,19 +80,11 @@ import (
 )
 ```
 
-通过空白标识符导入即可确保 `init` 调用，先于 `BuildProviders` 完成 `sdkaccess.RegisterProvider`。
-
-## 内建提供者
-
-当前 SDK 默认内置：
-
-- `config-api-key`：校验配置中的 API Key。它从 `Authorization: Bearer`、`X-Goog-Api-Key`、`X-Api-Key` 以及查询参数 `?key=` 提取凭证，不匹配时抛出 `ErrInvalidCredential`。
-
-导入第三方包即可通过 `sdkaccess.RegisterProvider` 注册更多类型。
+空白导入可确保 `init` 先执行，从而在你调用 `RegisteredProviders()`（或 `cliproxy.NewBuilder().Build()`）之前完成 `sdkaccess.RegisterProvider`。
 
 ### 元数据与审计
 
-`Result.Metadata` 用于携带提供者特定的上下文信息。内建的 `config-api-key` 会记录凭证来源（`authorization`、`x-goog-api-key`、`x-api-key` 或 `query-key`）。自定义提供者同样可以填充该 Map，以便丰富日志与审计场景。
+`Result.Metadata` 用于携带提供者特定的上下文信息。内建的 `config-api-key` 会记录凭证来源（`authorization`、`x-goog-api-key`、`x-api-key`、`query-key`、`query-auth-token`）。自定义提供者同样可以填充该 Map，以便丰富日志与审计场景。
 
 ## 编写自定义提供者
 
@@ -110,13 +93,13 @@ type customProvider struct{}
 
 func (p *customProvider) Identifier() string { return "my-provider" }
 
-func (p *customProvider) Authenticate(ctx context.Context, r *http.Request) (*sdkaccess.Result, error) {
+func (p *customProvider) Authenticate(ctx context.Context, r *http.Request) (*sdkaccess.Result, *sdkaccess.AuthError) {
     token := r.Header.Get("X-Custom")
     if token == "" {
-        return nil, sdkaccess.ErrNoCredentials
+        return nil, sdkaccess.NewNotHandledError()
     }
     if token != "expected" {
-        return nil, sdkaccess.ErrInvalidCredential
+        return nil, sdkaccess.NewInvalidCredentialError()
     }
     return &sdkaccess.Result{
         Provider:  p.Identifier(),
@@ -126,51 +109,46 @@ func (p *customProvider) Authenticate(ctx context.Context, r *http.Request) (*sd
 }
 
 func init() {
-    sdkaccess.RegisterProvider("custom", func(cfg *config.AccessProvider, root *config.Config) (sdkaccess.Provider, error) {
-        return &customProvider{}, nil
-    })
+    sdkaccess.RegisterProvider("custom", &customProvider{})
 }
 ```
 
-自定义提供者需要实现 `Identifier()` 与 `Authenticate()`。在 `init` 中调用 `RegisterProvider` 暴露给配置层，工厂函数既能读取当前条目，也能访问完整根配置。
+自定义提供者需要实现 `Identifier()` 与 `Authenticate()`。在 `init` 中用已初始化实例调用 `RegisterProvider` 注册到全局 registry。
 
 ## 错误语义
 
-- `ErrNoCredentials`：任何提供者都未识别到凭证。
-- `ErrInvalidCredential`：至少一个提供者处理了凭证但判定无效。
-- `ErrNotHandled`：告诉管理器跳到下一个提供者，不影响最终错误统计。
+- `NewNoCredentialsError()`（`AuthErrorCodeNoCredentials`）：未提供或未识别到凭证。（HTTP 401）
+- `NewInvalidCredentialError()`（`AuthErrorCodeInvalidCredential`）：凭证存在但校验失败。（HTTP 401）
+- `NewNotHandledError()`（`AuthErrorCodeNotHandled`）：告诉管理器跳到下一个 provider。
+- `NewInternalAuthError(message, cause)`（`AuthErrorCodeInternal`）：网络/系统错误。（HTTP 500）
 
-自定义错误（例如网络异常）会马上冒泡返回。
+除可汇总的 `not_handled` / `no_credentials` / `invalid_credential` 外，其它错误会立即冒泡返回。
 
 ## 与 cliproxy 集成
 
-使用 `sdk/cliproxy` 构建服务时会自动接入 `@sdk/access`。如果需要扩展内置行为，可传入自定义管理器：
+使用 `sdk/cliproxy` 构建服务时会自动接入 `@sdk/access`。如果希望在宿主进程里复用同一个 `Manager` 实例，可传入自定义管理器：
 
 ```go
 coreCfg, _ := config.LoadConfig("config.yaml")
-providers, _ := sdkaccess.BuildProviders(coreCfg)
-manager := sdkaccess.NewManager()
-manager.SetProviders(providers)
+accessManager := sdkaccess.NewManager()
 
 svc, _ := cliproxy.NewBuilder().
   WithConfig(coreCfg).
-  WithAccessManager(manager).
+  WithConfigPath("config.yaml").
+  WithRequestAccessManager(accessManager).
   Build()
 ```
 
-服务会复用该管理器处理每一个入站请求，实现与 CLI 二进制一致的访问控制体验。
+请在调用 `Build()` 之前完成自定义 provider 的注册（通常通过空白导入触发 `init`），以确保它们被包含在全局 registry 的快照中。
 
 ### 动态热更新提供者
 
-当配置发生变化时，可以重新构建提供者并替换当前列表：
+当配置发生变化时，刷新依赖配置的 provider，然后重置 manager 的 provider 链：
 
 ```go
-providers, err := sdkaccess.BuildProviders(newCfg)
-if err != nil {
-    log.Errorf("reload auth providers failed: %v", err)
-    return
-}
-accessManager.SetProviders(providers)
+// configaccess is github.com/router-for-me/CLIProxyAPI/v6/internal/access/config_access
+configaccess.Register(&newCfg.SDKConfig)
+accessManager.SetProviders(sdkaccess.RegisteredProviders())
 ```
 
-这一流程与 `cliproxy.Service.refreshAccessProviders` 和 `api.Server.applyAccessConfig` 保持一致，避免为更新访问策略而重启进程。
+这一流程与 `internal/access.ApplyAccessProviders` 保持一致，避免为更新访问策略而重启进程。

examples/custom-provider/main.go

@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@ import (
 	"bytes"
 	"context"
 	"errors"
+	"fmt"
 	"io"
 	"net/http"
 	"net/url"
@@ -122,7 +123,9 @@ func (MyExecutor) Execute(ctx context.Context, a *coreauth.Auth, req clipexec.Re
 	httpReq.Header.Set("Content-Type", "application/json")
 
 	// Inject credentials via PrepareRequest hook.
-	_ = (MyExecutor{}).PrepareRequest(httpReq, a)
+	if errPrep := (MyExecutor{}).PrepareRequest(httpReq, a); errPrep != nil {
+		return clipexec.Response{}, errPrep
+	}
 
 	resp, errDo := client.Do(httpReq)
 	if errDo != nil {
@@ -130,24 +133,39 @@ func (MyExecutor) Execute(ctx context.Context, a *coreauth.Auth, req clipexec.Re
 	}
 	defer func() {
 		if errClose := resp.Body.Close(); errClose != nil {
-			// Best-effort close; log if needed in real projects.
+			fmt.Fprintf(os.Stderr, "close response body error: %v\n", errClose)
 		}
 	}()
 	body, _ := io.ReadAll(resp.Body)
 	return clipexec.Response{Payload: body}, nil
 }
 
+func (MyExecutor) HttpRequest(ctx context.Context, a *coreauth.Auth, req *http.Request) (*http.Response, error) {
+	if req == nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("myprov executor: request is nil")
+	}
+	if ctx == nil {
+		ctx = req.Context()
+	}
+	httpReq := req.WithContext(ctx)
+	if errPrep := (MyExecutor{}).PrepareRequest(httpReq, a); errPrep != nil {
+		return nil, errPrep
+	}
+	client := buildHTTPClient(a)
+	return client.Do(httpReq)
+}
+
 func (MyExecutor) CountTokens(context.Context, *coreauth.Auth, clipexec.Request, clipexec.Options) (clipexec.Response, error) {
 	return clipexec.Response{}, errors.New("count tokens not implemented")
 }
 
-func (MyExecutor) ExecuteStream(ctx context.Context, a *coreauth.Auth, req clipexec.Request, opts clipexec.Options) (<-chan clipexec.StreamChunk, error) {
+func (MyExecutor) ExecuteStream(ctx context.Context, a *coreauth.Auth, req clipexec.Request, opts clipexec.Options) (*clipexec.StreamResult, error) {
 	ch := make(chan clipexec.StreamChunk, 1)
 	go func() {
 		defer close(ch)
 		ch <- clipexec.StreamChunk{Payload: []byte("data: {\"ok\":true}\n\n")}
 	}()
-	return ch, nil
+	return &clipexec.StreamResult{Chunks: ch}, nil
 }
 
 func (MyExecutor) Refresh(ctx context.Context, a *coreauth.Auth) (*coreauth.Auth, error) {
@@ -187,7 +205,7 @@ func main() {
 			// Optional: add a simple middleware + custom request logger
 			api.WithMiddleware(func(c *gin.Context) { c.Header("X-Example", "custom-provider"); c.Next() }),
 			api.WithRequestLoggerFactory(func(cfg *config.Config, cfgPath string) logging.RequestLogger {
-				return logging.NewFileRequestLogger(true, "logs", filepath.Dir(cfgPath))
+				return logging.NewFileRequestLoggerWithOptions(true, "logs", filepath.Dir(cfgPath), cfg.ErrorLogsMaxFiles)
 			}),
 		).
 		WithHooks(hooks).
@@ -199,8 +217,8 @@ func main() {
 	ctx, cancel := context.WithCancel(context.Background())
 	defer cancel()
 
-	if err := svc.Run(ctx); err != nil && !errors.Is(err, context.Canceled) {
-		panic(err)
+	if errRun := svc.Run(ctx); errRun != nil && !errors.Is(errRun, context.Canceled) {
+		panic(errRun)
 	}
 	_ = os.Stderr // keep os import used (demo only)
 	_ = time.Second

examples/http-request/main.go

@@ -0,0 +1,140 @@
+// Package main demonstrates how to use coreauth.Manager.HttpRequest/NewHttpRequest
+// to execute arbitrary HTTP requests with provider credentials injected.
+//
+// This example registers a minimal custom executor that injects an Authorization
+// header from auth.Attributes["api_key"], then performs two requests against
+// httpbin.org to show the injected headers.
+package main
+
+import (
+	"bytes"
+	"context"
+	"errors"
+	"fmt"
+	"io"
+	"net/http"
+	"strings"
+	"time"
+
+	coreauth "github.com/router-for-me/CLIProxyAPI/v6/sdk/cliproxy/auth"
+	clipexec "github.com/router-for-me/CLIProxyAPI/v6/sdk/cliproxy/executor"
+	log "github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
+)
+
+const providerKey = "echo"
+
+// EchoExecutor is a minimal provider implementation for demonstration purposes.
+type EchoExecutor struct{}
+
+func (EchoExecutor) Identifier() string { return providerKey }
+
+func (EchoExecutor) PrepareRequest(req *http.Request, auth *coreauth.Auth) error {
+	if req == nil || auth == nil {
+		return nil
+	}
+	if auth.Attributes != nil {
+		if apiKey := strings.TrimSpace(auth.Attributes["api_key"]); apiKey != "" {
+			req.Header.Set("Authorization", "Bearer "+apiKey)
+		}
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (EchoExecutor) HttpRequest(ctx context.Context, auth *coreauth.Auth, req *http.Request) (*http.Response, error) {
+	if req == nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("echo executor: request is nil")
+	}
+	if ctx == nil {
+		ctx = req.Context()
+	}
+	httpReq := req.WithContext(ctx)
+	if errPrep := (EchoExecutor{}).PrepareRequest(httpReq, auth); errPrep != nil {
+		return nil, errPrep
+	}
+	return http.DefaultClient.Do(httpReq)
+}
+
+func (EchoExecutor) Execute(context.Context, *coreauth.Auth, clipexec.Request, clipexec.Options) (clipexec.Response, error) {
+	return clipexec.Response{}, errors.New("echo executor: Execute not implemented")
+}
+
+func (EchoExecutor) ExecuteStream(context.Context, *coreauth.Auth, clipexec.Request, clipexec.Options) (*clipexec.StreamResult, error) {
+	return nil, errors.New("echo executor: ExecuteStream not implemented")
+}
+
+func (EchoExecutor) Refresh(context.Context, *coreauth.Auth) (*coreauth.Auth, error) {
+	return nil, errors.New("echo executor: Refresh not implemented")
+}
+
+func (EchoExecutor) CountTokens(context.Context, *coreauth.Auth, clipexec.Request, clipexec.Options) (clipexec.Response, error) {
+	return clipexec.Response{}, errors.New("echo executor: CountTokens not implemented")
+}
+
+func main() {
+	log.SetLevel(log.InfoLevel)
+
+	ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), 30*time.Second)
+	defer cancel()
+
+	core := coreauth.NewManager(nil, nil, nil)
+	core.RegisterExecutor(EchoExecutor{})
+
+	auth := &coreauth.Auth{
+		ID:       "demo-echo",
+		Provider: providerKey,
+		Attributes: map[string]string{
+			"api_key": "demo-api-key",
+		},
+	}
+
+	// Example 1: Build a prepared request and execute it using your own http.Client.
+	reqPrepared, errReqPrepared := core.NewHttpRequest(
+		ctx,
+		auth,
+		http.MethodGet,
+		"https://httpbin.org/anything",
+		nil,
+		http.Header{"X-Example": []string{"prepared"}},
+	)
+	if errReqPrepared != nil {
+		panic(errReqPrepared)
+	}
+	respPrepared, errDoPrepared := http.DefaultClient.Do(reqPrepared)
+	if errDoPrepared != nil {
+		panic(errDoPrepared)
+	}
+	defer func() {
+		if errClose := respPrepared.Body.Close(); errClose != nil {
+			log.Errorf("close response body error: %v", errClose)
+		}
+	}()
+	bodyPrepared, errReadPrepared := io.ReadAll(respPrepared.Body)
+	if errReadPrepared != nil {
+		panic(errReadPrepared)
+	}
+	fmt.Printf("Prepared request status: %d\n%s\n\n", respPrepared.StatusCode, bodyPrepared)
+
+	// Example 2: Execute a raw request via core.HttpRequest (auto inject + do).
+	rawBody := []byte(`{"hello":"world"}`)
+	rawReq, errRawReq := http.NewRequestWithContext(ctx, http.MethodPost, "https://httpbin.org/anything", bytes.NewReader(rawBody))
+	if errRawReq != nil {
+		panic(errRawReq)
+	}
+	rawReq.Header.Set("Content-Type", "application/json")
+	rawReq.Header.Set("X-Example", "executed")
+
+	respExec, errDoExec := core.HttpRequest(ctx, auth, rawReq)
+	if errDoExec != nil {
+		panic(errDoExec)
+	}
+	defer func() {
+		if errClose := respExec.Body.Close(); errClose != nil {
+			log.Errorf("close response body error: %v", errClose)
+		}
+	}()
+	bodyExec, errReadExec := io.ReadAll(respExec.Body)
+	if errReadExec != nil {
+		panic(errReadExec)
+	}
+	fmt.Printf("Manager HttpRequest status: %d\n%s\n", respExec.StatusCode, bodyExec)
+}

go.mod

@@ -1,10 +1,15 @@
 module github.com/router-for-me/CLIProxyAPI/v6
 
-go 1.24.0
+go 1.26.0
 
 require (
 	github.com/andybalholm/brotli v1.0.6
+	github.com/atotto/clipboard v0.1.4
+	github.com/charmbracelet/bubbles v1.0.0
+	github.com/charmbracelet/bubbletea v1.3.10
+	github.com/charmbracelet/lipgloss v1.1.0
 	github.com/fsnotify/fsnotify v1.9.0
+	github.com/fxamacker/cbor/v2 v2.9.0
 	github.com/gin-gonic/gin v1.10.1
 	github.com/go-git/go-git/v6 v6.0.0-20251009132922-75a182125145
 	github.com/google/uuid v1.6.0
@@ -14,6 +19,7 @@ require (
 	github.com/klauspost/compress v1.17.4
 	github.com/minio/minio-go/v7 v7.0.66
 	github.com/pkg/browser v0.0.0-20240102092130-5ac0b6a4141c
+	github.com/refraction-networking/utls v1.8.2
 	github.com/sirupsen/logrus v1.9.3
 	github.com/tidwall/gjson v1.18.0
 	github.com/tidwall/sjson v1.2.5
@@ -21,6 +27,7 @@ require (
 	golang.org/x/crypto v0.45.0
 	golang.org/x/net v0.47.0
 	golang.org/x/oauth2 v0.30.0
+	golang.org/x/sync v0.18.0
 	golang.org/x/term v0.37.0
 	gopkg.in/natefinch/lumberjack.v2 v2.2.1
 	gopkg.in/yaml.v3 v3.0.1
@@ -30,8 +37,16 @@ require (
 	cloud.google.com/go/compute/metadata v0.3.0 // indirect
 	github.com/Microsoft/go-winio v0.6.2 // indirect
 	github.com/ProtonMail/go-crypto v1.3.0 // indirect
+	github.com/aymanbagabas/go-osc52/v2 v2.0.1 // indirect
 	github.com/bytedance/sonic v1.11.6 // indirect
 	github.com/bytedance/sonic/loader v0.1.1 // indirect
+	github.com/charmbracelet/colorprofile v0.4.1 // indirect
+	github.com/charmbracelet/x/ansi v0.11.6 // indirect
+	github.com/charmbracelet/x/cellbuf v0.0.15 // indirect
+	github.com/charmbracelet/x/term v0.2.2 // indirect
+	github.com/clipperhouse/displaywidth v0.9.0 // indirect
+	github.com/clipperhouse/stringish v0.1.1 // indirect
+	github.com/clipperhouse/uax29/v2 v2.5.0 // indirect
 	github.com/cloudflare/circl v1.6.1 // indirect
 	github.com/cloudwego/base64x v0.1.4 // indirect
 	github.com/cloudwego/iasm v0.2.0 // indirect
@@ -39,6 +54,7 @@ require (
 	github.com/dlclark/regexp2 v1.11.5 // indirect
 	github.com/dustin/go-humanize v1.0.1 // indirect
 	github.com/emirpasic/gods v1.18.1 // indirect
+	github.com/erikgeiser/coninput v0.0.0-20211004153227-1c3628e74d0f // indirect
 	github.com/gabriel-vasile/mimetype v1.4.3 // indirect
 	github.com/gin-contrib/sse v0.1.0 // indirect
 	github.com/go-git/gcfg/v2 v2.0.2 // indirect
@@ -55,21 +71,29 @@ require (
 	github.com/kevinburke/ssh_config v1.4.0 // indirect
 	github.com/klauspost/cpuid/v2 v2.3.0 // indirect
 	github.com/leodido/go-urn v1.4.0 // indirect
+	github.com/lucasb-eyer/go-colorful v1.3.0 // indirect
 	github.com/mattn/go-isatty v0.0.20 // indirect
+	github.com/mattn/go-localereader v0.0.1 // indirect
+	github.com/mattn/go-runewidth v0.0.19 // indirect
 	github.com/minio/md5-simd v1.1.2 // indirect
 	github.com/minio/sha256-simd v1.0.1 // indirect
 	github.com/modern-go/concurrent v0.0.0-20180306012644-bacd9c7ef1dd // indirect
 	github.com/modern-go/reflect2 v1.0.2 // indirect
+	github.com/muesli/ansi v0.0.0-20230316100256-276c6243b2f6 // indirect
+	github.com/muesli/cancelreader v0.2.2 // indirect
+	github.com/muesli/termenv v0.16.0 // indirect
 	github.com/pelletier/go-toml/v2 v2.2.2 // indirect
 	github.com/pjbgf/sha1cd v0.5.0 // indirect
+	github.com/rivo/uniseg v0.4.7 // indirect
 	github.com/rs/xid v1.5.0 // indirect
 	github.com/sergi/go-diff v1.4.0 // indirect
 	github.com/tidwall/match v1.1.1 // indirect
 	github.com/tidwall/pretty v1.2.0 // indirect
 	github.com/twitchyliquid64/golang-asm v0.15.1 // indirect
 	github.com/ugorji/go/codec v1.2.12 // indirect
+	github.com/xo/terminfo v0.0.0-20220910002029-abceb7e1c41e // indirect
+	github.com/x448/float16 v0.8.4 // indirect
 	golang.org/x/arch v0.8.0 // indirect
-	golang.org/x/sync v0.18.0 // indirect
 	golang.org/x/sys v0.38.0 // indirect
 	golang.org/x/text v0.31.0 // indirect
 	google.golang.org/protobuf v1.34.1 // indirect

go.sum

@@ -10,10 +10,34 @@ github.com/anmitsu/go-shlex v0.0.0-20200514113438-38f4b401e2be h1:9AeTilPcZAjCFI
 github.com/anmitsu/go-shlex v0.0.0-20200514113438-38f4b401e2be/go.mod h1:ySMOLuWl6zY27l47sB3qLNK6tF2fkHG55UZxx8oIVo4=
 github.com/armon/go-socks5 v0.0.0-20160902184237-e75332964ef5 h1:0CwZNZbxp69SHPdPJAN/hZIm0C4OItdklCFmMRWYpio=
 github.com/armon/go-socks5 v0.0.0-20160902184237-e75332964ef5/go.mod h1:wHh0iHkYZB8zMSxRWpUBQtwG5a7fFgvEO+odwuTv2gs=
+github.com/atotto/clipboard v0.1.4 h1:EH0zSVneZPSuFR11BlR9YppQTVDbh5+16AmcJi4g1z4=
+github.com/atotto/clipboard v0.1.4/go.mod h1:ZY9tmq7sm5xIbd9bOK4onWV4S6X0u6GY7Vn0Yu86PYI=
+github.com/aymanbagabas/go-osc52/v2 v2.0.1 h1:HwpRHbFMcZLEVr42D4p7XBqjyuxQH5SMiErDT4WkJ2k=
+github.com/aymanbagabas/go-osc52/v2 v2.0.1/go.mod h1:uYgXzlJ7ZpABp8OJ+exZzJJhRNQ2ASbcXHWsFqH8hp8=
 github.com/bytedance/sonic v1.11.6 h1:oUp34TzMlL+OY1OUWxHqsdkgC/Zfc85zGqw9siXjrc0=
 github.com/bytedance/sonic v1.11.6/go.mod h1:LysEHSvpvDySVdC2f87zGWf6CIKJcAvqab1ZaiQtds4=
 github.com/bytedance/sonic/loader v0.1.1 h1:c+e5Pt1k/cy5wMveRDyk2X4B9hF4g7an8N3zCYjJFNM=
 github.com/bytedance/sonic/loader v0.1.1/go.mod h1:ncP89zfokxS5LZrJxl5z0UJcsk4M4yY2JpfqGeCtNLU=
+github.com/charmbracelet/bubbles v1.0.0 h1:12J8/ak/uCZEMQ6KU7pcfwceyjLlWsDLAxB5fXonfvc=
+github.com/charmbracelet/bubbles v1.0.0/go.mod h1:9d/Zd5GdnauMI5ivUIVisuEm3ave1XwXtD1ckyV6r3E=
+github.com/charmbracelet/bubbletea v1.3.10 h1:otUDHWMMzQSB0Pkc87rm691KZ3SWa4KUlvF9nRvCICw=
+github.com/charmbracelet/bubbletea v1.3.10/go.mod h1:ORQfo0fk8U+po9VaNvnV95UPWA1BitP1E0N6xJPlHr4=
+github.com/charmbracelet/colorprofile v0.4.1 h1:a1lO03qTrSIRaK8c3JRxJDZOvhvIeSco3ej+ngLk1kk=
+github.com/charmbracelet/colorprofile v0.4.1/go.mod h1:U1d9Dljmdf9DLegaJ0nGZNJvoXAhayhmidOdcBwAvKk=
+github.com/charmbracelet/lipgloss v1.1.0 h1:vYXsiLHVkK7fp74RkV7b2kq9+zDLoEU4MZoFqR/noCY=
+github.com/charmbracelet/lipgloss v1.1.0/go.mod h1:/6Q8FR2o+kj8rz4Dq0zQc3vYf7X+B0binUUBwA0aL30=
+github.com/charmbracelet/x/ansi v0.11.6 h1:GhV21SiDz/45W9AnV2R61xZMRri5NlLnl6CVF7ihZW8=
+github.com/charmbracelet/x/ansi v0.11.6/go.mod h1:2JNYLgQUsyqaiLovhU2Rv/pb8r6ydXKS3NIttu3VGZQ=
+github.com/charmbracelet/x/cellbuf v0.0.15 h1:ur3pZy0o6z/R7EylET877CBxaiE1Sp1GMxoFPAIztPI=
+github.com/charmbracelet/x/cellbuf v0.0.15/go.mod h1:J1YVbR7MUuEGIFPCaaZ96KDl5NoS0DAWkskup+mOY+Q=
+github.com/charmbracelet/x/term v0.2.2 h1:xVRT/S2ZcKdhhOuSP4t5cLi5o+JxklsoEObBSgfgZRk=
+github.com/charmbracelet/x/term v0.2.2/go.mod h1:kF8CY5RddLWrsgVwpw4kAa6TESp6EB5y3uxGLeCqzAI=
+github.com/clipperhouse/displaywidth v0.9.0 h1:Qb4KOhYwRiN3viMv1v/3cTBlz3AcAZX3+y9OLhMtAtA=
+github.com/clipperhouse/displaywidth v0.9.0/go.mod h1:aCAAqTlh4GIVkhQnJpbL0T/WfcrJXHcj8C0yjYcjOZA=
+github.com/clipperhouse/stringish v0.1.1 h1:+NSqMOr3GR6k1FdRhhnXrLfztGzuG+VuFDfatpWHKCs=
+github.com/clipperhouse/stringish v0.1.1/go.mod h1:v/WhFtE1q0ovMta2+m+UbpZ+2/HEXNWYXQgCt4hdOzA=
+github.com/clipperhouse/uax29/v2 v2.5.0 h1:x7T0T4eTHDONxFJsL94uKNKPHrclyFI0lm7+w94cO8U=
+github.com/clipperhouse/uax29/v2 v2.5.0/go.mod h1:Wn1g7MK6OoeDT0vL+Q0SQLDz/KpfsVRgg6W7ihQeh4g=
 github.com/cloudflare/circl v1.6.1 h1:zqIqSPIndyBh1bjLVVDHMPpVKqp8Su/V+6MeDzzQBQ0=
 github.com/cloudflare/circl v1.6.1/go.mod h1:uddAzsPgqdMAYatqJ0lsjX1oECcQLIlRpzZh3pJrofs=
 github.com/cloudwego/base64x v0.1.4 h1:jwCgWpFanWmN8xoIUHa2rtzmkd5J2plF/dnLS6Xd/0Y=
@@ -33,8 +57,12 @@ github.com/elazarl/goproxy v1.7.2 h1:Y2o6urb7Eule09PjlhQRGNsqRfPmYI3KKQLFpCAV3+o
 github.com/elazarl/goproxy v1.7.2/go.mod h1:82vkLNir0ALaW14Rc399OTTjyNREgmdL2cVoIbS6XaE=
 github.com/emirpasic/gods v1.18.1 h1:FXtiHYKDGKCW2KzwZKx0iC0PQmdlorYgdFG9jPXJ1Bc=
 github.com/emirpasic/gods v1.18.1/go.mod h1:8tpGGwCnJ5H4r6BWwaV6OrWmMoPhUl5jm/FMNAnJvWQ=
+github.com/erikgeiser/coninput v0.0.0-20211004153227-1c3628e74d0f h1:Y/CXytFA4m6baUTXGLOoWe4PQhGxaX0KpnayAqC48p4=
+github.com/erikgeiser/coninput v0.0.0-20211004153227-1c3628e74d0f/go.mod h1:vw97MGsxSvLiUE2X8qFplwetxpGLQrlU1Q9AUEIzCaM=
 github.com/fsnotify/fsnotify v1.9.0 h1:2Ml+OJNzbYCTzsxtv8vKSFD9PbJjmhYF14k/jKC7S9k=
 github.com/fsnotify/fsnotify v1.9.0/go.mod h1:8jBTzvmWwFyi3Pb8djgCCO5IBqzKJ/Jwo8TRcHyHii0=
+github.com/fxamacker/cbor/v2 v2.9.0 h1:NpKPmjDBgUfBms6tr6JZkTHtfFGcMKsw3eGcmD/sapM=
+github.com/fxamacker/cbor/v2 v2.9.0/go.mod h1:vM4b+DJCtHn+zz7h3FFp/hDAI9WNWCsZj23V5ytsSxQ=
 github.com/gabriel-vasile/mimetype v1.4.3 h1:in2uUcidCuFcDKtdcBxlR0rJ1+fsokWf+uqxgUFjbI0=
 github.com/gabriel-vasile/mimetype v1.4.3/go.mod h1:d8uq/6HKRL6CGdk+aubisF/M5GcPfT7nKyLpA0lbSSk=
 github.com/gin-contrib/sse v0.1.0 h1:Y/yl/+YNO8GZSjAhjMsSuLt29uWRFHdHYUb5lYOV9qE=
@@ -99,8 +127,14 @@ github.com/kr/text v0.1.0 h1:45sCR5RtlFHMR4UwH9sdQ5TC8v0qDQCHnXt+kaKSTVE=
 github.com/kr/text v0.1.0/go.mod h1:4Jbv+DJW3UT/LiOwJeYQe1efqtUx/iVham/4vfdArNI=
 github.com/leodido/go-urn v1.4.0 h1:WT9HwE9SGECu3lg4d/dIA+jxlljEa1/ffXKmRjqdmIQ=
 github.com/leodido/go-urn v1.4.0/go.mod h1:bvxc+MVxLKB4z00jd1z+Dvzr47oO32F/QSNjSBOlFxI=
+github.com/lucasb-eyer/go-colorful v1.3.0 h1:2/yBRLdWBZKrf7gB40FoiKfAWYQ0lqNcbuQwVHXptag=
+github.com/lucasb-eyer/go-colorful v1.3.0/go.mod h1:R4dSotOR9KMtayYi1e77YzuveK+i7ruzyGqttikkLy0=
 github.com/mattn/go-isatty v0.0.20 h1:xfD0iDuEKnDkl03q4limB+vH+GxLEtL/jb4xVJSWWEY=
 github.com/mattn/go-isatty v0.0.20/go.mod h1:W+V8PltTTMOvKvAeJH7IuucS94S2C6jfK/D7dTCTo3Y=
+github.com/mattn/go-localereader v0.0.1 h1:ygSAOl7ZXTx4RdPYinUpg6W99U8jWvWi9Ye2JC/oIi4=
+github.com/mattn/go-localereader v0.0.1/go.mod h1:8fBrzywKY7BI3czFoHkuzRoWE9C+EiG4R1k4Cjx5p88=
+github.com/mattn/go-runewidth v0.0.19 h1:v++JhqYnZuu5jSKrk9RbgF5v4CGUjqRfBm05byFGLdw=
+github.com/mattn/go-runewidth v0.0.19/go.mod h1:XBkDxAl56ILZc9knddidhrOlY5R/pDhgLpndooCuJAs=
 github.com/minio/md5-simd v1.1.2 h1:Gdi1DZK69+ZVMoNHRXJyNcxrMA4dSxoYHZSQbirFg34=
 github.com/minio/md5-simd v1.1.2/go.mod h1:MzdKDxYpY2BT9XQFocsiZf/NKVtR7nkE4RoEpN+20RM=
 github.com/minio/minio-go/v7 v7.0.66 h1:bnTOXOHjOqv/gcMuiVbN9o2ngRItvqE774dG9nq0Dzw=
@@ -112,6 +146,12 @@ github.com/modern-go/concurrent v0.0.0-20180306012644-bacd9c7ef1dd h1:TRLaZ9cD/w
 github.com/modern-go/concurrent v0.0.0-20180306012644-bacd9c7ef1dd/go.mod h1:6dJC0mAP4ikYIbvyc7fijjWJddQyLn8Ig3JB5CqoB9Q=
 github.com/modern-go/reflect2 v1.0.2 h1:xBagoLtFs94CBntxluKeaWgTMpvLxC4ur3nMaC9Gz0M=
 github.com/modern-go/reflect2 v1.0.2/go.mod h1:yWuevngMOJpCy52FWWMvUC8ws7m/LJsjYzDa0/r8luk=
+github.com/muesli/ansi v0.0.0-20230316100256-276c6243b2f6 h1:ZK8zHtRHOkbHy6Mmr5D264iyp3TiX5OmNcI5cIARiQI=
+github.com/muesli/ansi v0.0.0-20230316100256-276c6243b2f6/go.mod h1:CJlz5H+gyd6CUWT45Oy4q24RdLyn7Md9Vj2/ldJBSIo=
+github.com/muesli/cancelreader v0.2.2 h1:3I4Kt4BQjOR54NavqnDogx/MIoWBFa0StPA8ELUXHmA=
+github.com/muesli/cancelreader v0.2.2/go.mod h1:3XuTXfFS2VjM+HTLZY9Ak0l6eUKfijIfMUZ4EgX0QYo=
+github.com/muesli/termenv v0.16.0 h1:S5AlUN9dENB57rsbnkPyfdGuWIlkmzJjbFf0Tf5FWUc=
+github.com/muesli/termenv v0.16.0/go.mod h1:ZRfOIKPFDYQoDFF4Olj7/QJbW60Ol/kL1pU3VfY/Cnk=
 github.com/pelletier/go-toml/v2 v2.2.2 h1:aYUidT7k73Pcl9nb2gScu7NSrKCSHIDE89b3+6Wq+LM=
 github.com/pelletier/go-toml/v2 v2.2.2/go.mod h1:1t835xjRzz80PqgE6HHgN2JOsmgYu/h4qDAS4n929Rs=
 github.com/pjbgf/sha1cd v0.5.0 h1:a+UkboSi1znleCDUNT3M5YxjOnN1fz2FhN48FlwCxs0=
@@ -120,6 +160,10 @@ github.com/pkg/browser v0.0.0-20240102092130-5ac0b6a4141c h1:+mdjkGKdHQG3305AYmd
 github.com/pkg/browser v0.0.0-20240102092130-5ac0b6a4141c/go.mod h1:7rwL4CYBLnjLxUqIJNnCWiEdr3bn6IUYi15bNlnbCCU=
 github.com/pmezard/go-difflib v1.0.0 h1:4DBwDE0NGyQoBHbLQYPwSUPoCMWR5BEzIk/f1lZbAQM=
 github.com/pmezard/go-difflib v1.0.0/go.mod h1:iKH77koFhYxTK1pcRnkKkqfTogsbg7gZNVY4sRDYZ/4=
+github.com/refraction-networking/utls v1.8.2 h1:j4Q1gJj0xngdeH+Ox/qND11aEfhpgoEvV+S9iJ2IdQo=
+github.com/refraction-networking/utls v1.8.2/go.mod h1:jkSOEkLqn+S/jtpEHPOsVv/4V4EVnelwbMQl4vCWXAM=
+github.com/rivo/uniseg v0.4.7 h1:WUdvkW8uEhrYfLC4ZzdpI2ztxP1I582+49Oc5Mq64VQ=
+github.com/rivo/uniseg v0.4.7/go.mod h1:FN3SvrM+Zdj16jyLfmOkMNblXMcoc8DfTHruCPUcx88=
 github.com/rogpeppe/go-internal v1.14.1 h1:UQB4HGPB6osV0SQTLymcB4TgvyWu6ZyliaW0tI/otEQ=
 github.com/rogpeppe/go-internal v1.14.1/go.mod h1:MaRKkUm5W0goXpeCfT7UZI6fk/L7L7so1lCWt35ZSgc=
 github.com/rs/xid v1.5.0 h1:mKX4bl4iPYJtEIxp6CYiUuLQ/8DYMoz0PUdtGgMFRVc=
@@ -157,17 +201,24 @@ github.com/twitchyliquid64/golang-asm v0.15.1 h1:SU5vSMR7hnwNxj24w34ZyCi/FmDZTkS
 github.com/twitchyliquid64/golang-asm v0.15.1/go.mod h1:a1lVb/DtPvCB8fslRZhAngC2+aY1QWCk3Cedj/Gdt08=
 github.com/ugorji/go/codec v1.2.12 h1:9LC83zGrHhuUA9l16C9AHXAqEV/2wBQ4nkvumAE65EE=
 github.com/ugorji/go/codec v1.2.12/go.mod h1:UNopzCgEMSXjBc6AOMqYvWC1ktqTAfzJZUZgYf6w6lg=
+github.com/xo/terminfo v0.0.0-20220910002029-abceb7e1c41e h1:JVG44RsyaB9T2KIHavMF/ppJZNG9ZpyihvCd0w101no=
+github.com/xo/terminfo v0.0.0-20220910002029-abceb7e1c41e/go.mod h1:RbqR21r5mrJuqunuUZ/Dhy/avygyECGrLceyNeo4LiM=
+github.com/x448/float16 v0.8.4 h1:qLwI1I70+NjRFUR3zs1JPUCgaCXSh3SW62uAKT1mSBM=
+github.com/x448/float16 v0.8.4/go.mod h1:14CWIYCyZA/cWjXOioeEpHeN/83MdbZDRQHoFcYsOfg=
 golang.org/x/arch v0.0.0-20210923205945-b76863e36670/go.mod h1:5om86z9Hs0C8fWVUuoMHwpExlXzs5Tkyp9hOrfG7pp8=
 golang.org/x/arch v0.8.0 h1:3wRIsP3pM4yUptoR96otTUOXI367OS0+c9eeRi9doIc=
 golang.org/x/arch v0.8.0/go.mod h1:FEVrYAQjsQXMVJ1nsMoVVXPZg6p2JE2mx8psSWTDQys=
 golang.org/x/crypto v0.45.0 h1:jMBrvKuj23MTlT0bQEOBcAE0mjg8mK9RXFhRH6nyF3Q=
 golang.org/x/crypto v0.45.0/go.mod h1:XTGrrkGJve7CYK7J8PEww4aY7gM3qMCElcJQ8n8JdX4=
+golang.org/x/exp v0.0.0-20231006140011-7918f672742d h1:jtJma62tbqLibJ5sFQz8bKtEM8rJBtfilJ2qTU199MI=
+golang.org/x/exp v0.0.0-20231006140011-7918f672742d/go.mod h1:ldy0pHrwJyGW56pPQzzkH36rKxoZW1tw7ZJpeKx+hdo=
 golang.org/x/net v0.47.0 h1:Mx+4dIFzqraBXUugkia1OOvlD6LemFo1ALMHjrXDOhY=
 golang.org/x/net v0.47.0/go.mod h1:/jNxtkgq5yWUGYkaZGqo27cfGZ1c5Nen03aYrrKpVRU=
 golang.org/x/oauth2 v0.30.0 h1:dnDm7JmhM45NNpd8FDDeLhK6FwqbOf4MLCM9zb1BOHI=
 golang.org/x/oauth2 v0.30.0/go.mod h1:B++QgG3ZKulg6sRPGD/mqlHQs5rB3Ml9erfeDY7xKlU=
 golang.org/x/sync v0.18.0 h1:kr88TuHDroi+UVf+0hZnirlk8o8T+4MrK6mr60WkH/I=
 golang.org/x/sync v0.18.0/go.mod h1:9KTHXmSnoGruLpwFjVSX0lNNA75CykiMECbovNTZqGI=
+golang.org/x/sys v0.0.0-20210809222454-d867a43fc93e/go.mod h1:oPkhp1MJrh7nUepCBck5+mAzfO9JrbApNNgaTdGDITg=
 golang.org/x/sys v0.0.0-20220715151400-c0bba94af5f8/go.mod h1:oPkhp1MJrh7nUepCBck5+mAzfO9JrbApNNgaTdGDITg=
 golang.org/x/sys v0.1.0/go.mod h1:oPkhp1MJrh7nUepCBck5+mAzfO9JrbApNNgaTdGDITg=
 golang.org/x/sys v0.6.0/go.mod h1:oPkhp1MJrh7nUepCBck5+mAzfO9JrbApNNgaTdGDITg=

internal/access/config_access/provider.go

@@ -4,19 +4,28 @@ import (
 	"context"
 	"net/http"
 	"strings"
-	"sync"
 
 	sdkaccess "github.com/router-for-me/CLIProxyAPI/v6/sdk/access"
 	sdkconfig "github.com/router-for-me/CLIProxyAPI/v6/sdk/config"
 )
 
-var registerOnce sync.Once
-
 // Register ensures the config-access provider is available to the access manager.
-func Register() {
-	registerOnce.Do(func() {
-		sdkaccess.RegisterProvider(sdkconfig.AccessProviderTypeConfigAPIKey, newProvider)
-	})
+func Register(cfg *sdkconfig.SDKConfig) {
+	if cfg == nil {
+		sdkaccess.UnregisterProvider(sdkaccess.AccessProviderTypeConfigAPIKey)
+		return
+	}
+
+	keys := normalizeKeys(cfg.APIKeys)
+	if len(keys) == 0 {
+		sdkaccess.UnregisterProvider(sdkaccess.AccessProviderTypeConfigAPIKey)
+		return
+	}
+
+	sdkaccess.RegisterProvider(
+		sdkaccess.AccessProviderTypeConfigAPIKey,
+		newProvider(sdkaccess.DefaultAccessProviderName, keys),
+	)
 }
 
 type provider struct {
@@ -24,34 +33,31 @@ type provider struct {
 	keys map[string]struct{}
 }
 
-func newProvider(cfg *sdkconfig.AccessProvider, _ *sdkconfig.SDKConfig) (sdkaccess.Provider, error) {
-	name := cfg.Name
-	if name == "" {
-		name = sdkconfig.DefaultAccessProviderName
+func newProvider(name string, keys []string) *provider {
+	providerName := strings.TrimSpace(name)
+	if providerName == "" {
+		providerName = sdkaccess.DefaultAccessProviderName
 	}
-	keys := make(map[string]struct{}, len(cfg.APIKeys))
-	for _, key := range cfg.APIKeys {
-		if key == "" {
-			continue
-		}
-		keys[key] = struct{}{}
+	keySet := make(map[string]struct{}, len(keys))
+	for _, key := range keys {
+		keySet[key] = struct{}{}
 	}
-	return &provider{name: name, keys: keys}, nil
+	return &provider{name: providerName, keys: keySet}
 }
 
 func (p *provider) Identifier() string {
 	if p == nil || p.name == "" {
-		return sdkconfig.DefaultAccessProviderName
+		return sdkaccess.DefaultAccessProviderName
 	}
 	return p.name
 }
 
-func (p *provider) Authenticate(_ context.Context, r *http.Request) (*sdkaccess.Result, error) {
+func (p *provider) Authenticate(_ context.Context, r *http.Request) (*sdkaccess.Result, *sdkaccess.AuthError) {
 	if p == nil {
-		return nil, sdkaccess.ErrNotHandled
+		return nil, sdkaccess.NewNotHandledError()
 	}
 	if len(p.keys) == 0 {
-		return nil, sdkaccess.ErrNotHandled
+		return nil, sdkaccess.NewNotHandledError()
 	}
 	authHeader := r.Header.Get("Authorization")
 	authHeaderGoogle := r.Header.Get("X-Goog-Api-Key")
@@ -63,7 +69,7 @@ func (p *provider) Authenticate(_ context.Context, r *http.Request) (*sdkaccess.
 		queryAuthToken = r.URL.Query().Get("auth_token")
 	}
 	if authHeader == "" && authHeaderGoogle == "" && authHeaderAnthropic == "" && queryKey == "" && queryAuthToken == "" {
-		return nil, sdkaccess.ErrNoCredentials
+		return nil, sdkaccess.NewNoCredentialsError()
 	}
 
 	apiKey := extractBearerToken(authHeader)
@@ -94,7 +100,7 @@ func (p *provider) Authenticate(_ context.Context, r *http.Request) (*sdkaccess.
 		}
 	}
 
-	return nil, sdkaccess.ErrInvalidCredential
+	return nil, sdkaccess.NewInvalidCredentialError()
 }
 
 func extractBearerToken(header string) string {
@@ -110,3 +116,26 @@ func extractBearerToken(header string) string {
 	}
 	return strings.TrimSpace(parts[1])
 }
+
+func normalizeKeys(keys []string) []string {
+	if len(keys) == 0 {
+		return nil
+	}
+	normalized := make([]string, 0, len(keys))
+	seen := make(map[string]struct{}, len(keys))
+	for _, key := range keys {
+		trimmedKey := strings.TrimSpace(key)
+		if trimmedKey == "" {
+			continue
+		}
+		if _, exists := seen[trimmedKey]; exists {
+			continue
+		}
+		seen[trimmedKey] = struct{}{}
+		normalized = append(normalized, trimmedKey)
+	}
+	if len(normalized) == 0 {
+		return nil
+	}
+	return normalized
+}

internal/access/reconcile.go

@@ -6,9 +6,9 @@ import (
 	"sort"
 	"strings"
 
+	configaccess "github.com/router-for-me/CLIProxyAPI/v6/internal/access/config_access"
 	"github.com/router-for-me/CLIProxyAPI/v6/internal/config"
 	sdkaccess "github.com/router-for-me/CLIProxyAPI/v6/sdk/access"
-	sdkConfig "github.com/router-for-me/CLIProxyAPI/v6/sdk/config"
 	log "github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
 )
 
@@ -17,26 +17,26 @@ import (
 // ordered provider slice along with the identifiers of providers that were added, updated, or
 // removed compared to the previous configuration.
 func ReconcileProviders(oldCfg, newCfg *config.Config, existing []sdkaccess.Provider) (result []sdkaccess.Provider, added, updated, removed []string, err error) {
+	_ = oldCfg
 	if newCfg == nil {
 		return nil, nil, nil, nil, nil
 	}
 
+	result = sdkaccess.RegisteredProviders()
+
 	existingMap := make(map[string]sdkaccess.Provider, len(existing))
 	for _, provider := range existing {
-		if provider == nil {
+		providerID := identifierFromProvider(provider)
+		if providerID == "" {
 			continue
 		}
-		existingMap[provider.Identifier()] = provider
+		existingMap[providerID] = provider
 	}
 
-	oldCfgMap := accessProviderMap(oldCfg)
-	newEntries := collectProviderEntries(newCfg)
-
-	result = make([]sdkaccess.Provider, 0, len(newEntries))
-	finalIDs := make(map[string]struct{}, len(newEntries))
+	finalIDs := make(map[string]struct{}, len(result))
 
 	isInlineProvider := func(id string) bool {
-		return strings.EqualFold(id, sdkConfig.DefaultAccessProviderName)
+		return strings.EqualFold(id, sdkaccess.DefaultAccessProviderName)
 	}
 	appendChange := func(list *[]string, id string) {
 		if isInlineProvider(id) {
@@ -45,85 +45,28 @@ func ReconcileProviders(oldCfg, newCfg *config.Config, existing []sdkaccess.Prov
 		*list = append(*list, id)
 	}
 
-	for _, providerCfg := range newEntries {
-		key := providerIdentifier(providerCfg)
-		if key == "" {
+	for _, provider := range result {
+		providerID := identifierFromProvider(provider)
+		if providerID == "" {
 			continue
 		}
+		finalIDs[providerID] = struct{}{}
 
-		forceRebuild := strings.EqualFold(strings.TrimSpace(providerCfg.Type), sdkConfig.AccessProviderTypeConfigAPIKey)
-		if oldCfgProvider, ok := oldCfgMap[key]; ok {
-			isAliased := oldCfgProvider == providerCfg
-			if !forceRebuild && !isAliased && providerConfigEqual(oldCfgProvider, providerCfg) {
-				if existingProvider, okExisting := existingMap[key]; okExisting {
-					result = append(result, existingProvider)
-					finalIDs[key] = struct{}{}
-					continue
-				}
-			}
+		existingProvider, exists := existingMap[providerID]
+		if !exists {
+			appendChange(&added, providerID)
+			continue
 		}
-
-		provider, buildErr := sdkaccess.BuildProvider(providerCfg, &newCfg.SDKConfig)
-		if buildErr != nil {
-			return nil, nil, nil, nil, buildErr
-		}
-		if _, ok := oldCfgMap[key]; ok {
-			if _, existed := existingMap[key]; existed {
-				appendChange(&updated, key)
-			} else {
-				appendChange(&added, key)
-			}
-		} else {
-			appendChange(&added, key)
-		}
-		result = append(result, provider)
-		finalIDs[key] = struct{}{}
-	}
-
-	if len(result) == 0 {
-		if inline := sdkConfig.MakeInlineAPIKeyProvider(newCfg.APIKeys); inline != nil {
-			key := providerIdentifier(inline)
-			if key != "" {
-				if oldCfgProvider, ok := oldCfgMap[key]; ok {
-					if providerConfigEqual(oldCfgProvider, inline) {
-						if existingProvider, okExisting := existingMap[key]; okExisting {
-							result = append(result, existingProvider)
-							finalIDs[key] = struct{}{}
-							goto inlineDone
-						}
-					}
-				}
-				provider, buildErr := sdkaccess.BuildProvider(inline, &newCfg.SDKConfig)
-				if buildErr != nil {
-					return nil, nil, nil, nil, buildErr
-				}
-				if _, existed := existingMap[key]; existed {
-					appendChange(&updated, key)
-				} else if _, hadOld := oldCfgMap[key]; hadOld {
-					appendChange(&updated, key)
-				} else {
-					appendChange(&added, key)
-				}
-				result = append(result, provider)
-				finalIDs[key] = struct{}{}
-			}
-		}
-	inlineDone:
-	}
-
-	removedSet := make(map[string]struct{})
-	for id := range existingMap {
-		if _, ok := finalIDs[id]; !ok {
-			if isInlineProvider(id) {
-				continue
-			}
-			removedSet[id] = struct{}{}
+		if !providerInstanceEqual(existingProvider, provider) {
+			appendChange(&updated, providerID)
 		}
 	}
 
-	removed = make([]string, 0, len(removedSet))
-	for id := range removedSet {
-		removed = append(removed, id)
+	for providerID := range existingMap {
+		if _, exists := finalIDs[providerID]; exists {
+			continue
+		}
+		appendChange(&removed, providerID)
 	}
 
 	sort.Strings(added)
@@ -142,6 +85,7 @@ func ApplyAccessProviders(manager *sdkaccess.Manager, oldCfg, newCfg *config.Con
 	}
 
 	existing := manager.Providers()
+	configaccess.Register(&newCfg.SDKConfig)
 	providers, added, updated, removed, err := ReconcileProviders(oldCfg, newCfg, existing)
 	if err != nil {
 		log.Errorf("failed to reconcile request auth providers: %v", err)
@@ -160,111 +104,24 @@ func ApplyAccessProviders(manager *sdkaccess.Manager, oldCfg, newCfg *config.Con
 	return false, nil
 }
 
-func accessProviderMap(cfg *config.Config) map[string]*sdkConfig.AccessProvider {
-	result := make(map[string]*sdkConfig.AccessProvider)
-	if cfg == nil {
-		return result
-	}
-	for i := range cfg.Access.Providers {
-		providerCfg := &cfg.Access.Providers[i]
-		if providerCfg.Type == "" {
-			continue
-		}
-		key := providerIdentifier(providerCfg)
-		if key == "" {
-			continue
-		}
-		result[key] = providerCfg
-	}
-	if len(result) == 0 && len(cfg.APIKeys) > 0 {
-		if provider := sdkConfig.MakeInlineAPIKeyProvider(cfg.APIKeys); provider != nil {
-			if key := providerIdentifier(provider); key != "" {
-				result[key] = provider
-			}
-		}
-	}
-	return result
-}
-
-func collectProviderEntries(cfg *config.Config) []*sdkConfig.AccessProvider {
-	entries := make([]*sdkConfig.AccessProvider, 0, len(cfg.Access.Providers))
-	for i := range cfg.Access.Providers {
-		providerCfg := &cfg.Access.Providers[i]
-		if providerCfg.Type == "" {
-			continue
-		}
-		if key := providerIdentifier(providerCfg); key != "" {
-			entries = append(entries, providerCfg)
-		}
-	}
-	if len(entries) == 0 && len(cfg.APIKeys) > 0 {
-		if inline := sdkConfig.MakeInlineAPIKeyProvider(cfg.APIKeys); inline != nil {
-			entries = append(entries, inline)
-		}
-	}
-	return entries
-}
-
-func providerIdentifier(provider *sdkConfig.AccessProvider) string {
+func identifierFromProvider(provider sdkaccess.Provider) string {
 	if provider == nil {
 		return ""
 	}
-	if name := strings.TrimSpace(provider.Name); name != "" {
-		return name
-	}
-	typ := strings.TrimSpace(provider.Type)
-	if typ == "" {
-		return ""
-	}
-	if strings.EqualFold(typ, sdkConfig.AccessProviderTypeConfigAPIKey) {
-		return sdkConfig.DefaultAccessProviderName
-	}
-	return typ
+	return strings.TrimSpace(provider.Identifier())
 }
 
-func providerConfigEqual(a, b *sdkConfig.AccessProvider) bool {
+func providerInstanceEqual(a, b sdkaccess.Provider) bool {
 	if a == nil || b == nil {
 		return a == nil && b == nil
 	}
-	if !strings.EqualFold(strings.TrimSpace(a.Type), strings.TrimSpace(b.Type)) {
+	if reflect.TypeOf(a) != reflect.TypeOf(b) {
 		return false
 	}
-	if strings.TrimSpace(a.SDK) != strings.TrimSpace(b.SDK) {
-		return false
+	valueA := reflect.ValueOf(a)
+	valueB := reflect.ValueOf(b)
+	if valueA.Kind() == reflect.Pointer && valueB.Kind() == reflect.Pointer {
+		return valueA.Pointer() == valueB.Pointer()
 	}
-	if !stringSetEqual(a.APIKeys, b.APIKeys) {
-		return false
-	}
-	if len(a.Config) != len(b.Config) {
-		return false
-	}
-	if len(a.Config) > 0 && !reflect.DeepEqual(a.Config, b.Config) {
-		return false
-	}
-	return true
-}
-
-func stringSetEqual(a, b []string) bool {
-	if len(a) != len(b) {
-		return false
-	}
-	if len(a) == 0 {
-		return true
-	}
-	seen := make(map[string]int, len(a))
-	for _, val := range a {
-		seen[val]++
-	}
-	for _, val := range b {
-		count := seen[val]
-		if count == 0 {
-			return false
-		}
-		if count == 1 {
-			delete(seen, val)
-		} else {
-			seen[val] = count - 1
-		}
-	}
-	return len(seen) == 0
+	return reflect.DeepEqual(a, b)
 }

internal/api/handlers/management/api_tools.go

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 package management
 
 import (
+	"bytes"
 	"context"
 	"encoding/json"
 	"fmt"
@@ -11,13 +12,15 @@ import (
 	"strings"
 	"time"
 
+	"github.com/fxamacker/cbor/v2"
 	"github.com/gin-gonic/gin"
-	"github.com/router-for-me/CLIProxyAPI/v6/internal/runtime/geminicli"
-	coreauth "github.com/router-for-me/CLIProxyAPI/v6/sdk/cliproxy/auth"
 	log "github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
 	"golang.org/x/net/proxy"
 	"golang.org/x/oauth2"
 	"golang.org/x/oauth2/google"
+
+	"github.com/router-for-me/CLIProxyAPI/v6/internal/runtime/geminicli"
+	coreauth "github.com/router-for-me/CLIProxyAPI/v6/sdk/cliproxy/auth"
 )
 
 const defaultAPICallTimeout = 60 * time.Second
@@ -54,6 +57,7 @@ type apiCallResponse struct {
 	StatusCode int                 `json:"status_code"`
 	Header     map[string][]string `json:"header"`
 	Body       string              `json:"body"`
+	Quota      *QuotaSnapshots     `json:"quota,omitempty"`
 }
 
 // APICall makes a generic HTTP request on behalf of the management API caller.
@@ -70,7 +74,7 @@ type apiCallResponse struct {
 //	- Authorization: Bearer <key>
 //	- X-Management-Key: <key>
 //
-// Request JSON:
+// Request JSON (supports both application/json and application/cbor):
 //   - auth_index / authIndex / AuthIndex (optional):
 //     The credential "auth_index" from GET /v0/management/auth-files (or other endpoints returning it).
 //     If omitted or not found, credential-specific proxy/token substitution is skipped.
@@ -90,10 +94,14 @@ type apiCallResponse struct {
 //  2. Global config proxy-url
 //  3. Direct connect (environment proxies are not used)
 //
-// Response JSON (returned with HTTP 200 when the APICall itself succeeds):
-//   - status_code: Upstream HTTP status code.
-//   - header: Upstream response headers.
-//   - body: Upstream response body as string.
+// Response (returned with HTTP 200 when the APICall itself succeeds):
+//
+//	Format matches request Content-Type (application/json or application/cbor)
+//	- status_code: Upstream HTTP status code.
+//	- header: Upstream response headers.
+//	- body: Upstream response body as string.
+//	- quota (optional): For GitHub Copilot enterprise accounts, contains quota_snapshots
+//	  with details for chat, completions, and premium_interactions.
 //
 // Example:
 //
@@ -107,10 +115,28 @@ type apiCallResponse struct {
 //	  -H "Content-Type: application/json" \
 //	  -d '{"auth_index":"<AUTH_INDEX>","method":"POST","url":"https://api.example.com/v1/fetchAvailableModels","header":{"Authorization":"Bearer $TOKEN$","Content-Type":"application/json","User-Agent":"cliproxyapi"},"data":"{}"}'
 func (h *Handler) APICall(c *gin.Context) {
+	// Detect content type
+	contentType := strings.ToLower(strings.TrimSpace(c.GetHeader("Content-Type")))
+	isCBOR := strings.Contains(contentType, "application/cbor")
+
 	var body apiCallRequest
-	if errBindJSON := c.ShouldBindJSON(&body); errBindJSON != nil {
-		c.JSON(http.StatusBadRequest, gin.H{"error": "invalid body"})
-		return
+
+	// Parse request body based on content type
+	if isCBOR {
+		rawBody, errRead := io.ReadAll(c.Request.Body)
+		if errRead != nil {
+			c.JSON(http.StatusBadRequest, gin.H{"error": "failed to read request body"})
+			return
+		}
+		if errUnmarshal := cbor.Unmarshal(rawBody, &body); errUnmarshal != nil {
+			c.JSON(http.StatusBadRequest, gin.H{"error": "invalid cbor body"})
+			return
+		}
+	} else {
+		if errBindJSON := c.ShouldBindJSON(&body); errBindJSON != nil {
+			c.JSON(http.StatusBadRequest, gin.H{"error": "invalid body"})
+			return
+		}
 	}
 
 	method := strings.ToUpper(strings.TrimSpace(body.Method))
@@ -164,9 +190,21 @@ func (h *Handler) APICall(c *gin.Context) {
 		reqHeaders[key] = strings.ReplaceAll(value, "$TOKEN$", token)
 	}
 
+	// When caller indicates CBOR in request headers, convert JSON string payload to CBOR bytes.
+	useCBORPayload := headerContainsValue(reqHeaders, "Content-Type", "application/cbor")
+
 	var requestBody io.Reader
 	if body.Data != "" {
-		requestBody = strings.NewReader(body.Data)
+		if useCBORPayload {
+			cborPayload, errEncode := encodeJSONStringToCBOR(body.Data)
+			if errEncode != nil {
+				c.JSON(http.StatusBadRequest, gin.H{"error": "invalid json data for cbor content-type"})
+				return
+			}
+			requestBody = bytes.NewReader(cborPayload)
+		} else {
+			requestBody = strings.NewReader(body.Data)
+		}
 	}
 
 	req, errNewRequest := http.NewRequestWithContext(c.Request.Context(), method, urlStr, requestBody)
@@ -209,11 +247,38 @@ func (h *Handler) APICall(c *gin.Context) {
 		return
 	}
 
-	c.JSON(http.StatusOK, apiCallResponse{
+	// For CBOR upstream responses, decode into plain text or JSON string before returning.
+	responseBodyText := string(respBody)
+	if headerContainsValue(reqHeaders, "Accept", "application/cbor") || strings.Contains(strings.ToLower(resp.Header.Get("Content-Type")), "application/cbor") {
+		if decodedBody, errDecode := decodeCBORBodyToTextOrJSON(respBody); errDecode == nil {
+			responseBodyText = decodedBody
+		}
+	}
+
+	response := apiCallResponse{
 		StatusCode: resp.StatusCode,
 		Header:     resp.Header,
-		Body:       string(respBody),
-	})
+		Body:       responseBodyText,
+	}
+
+	// If this is a GitHub Copilot token endpoint response, try to enrich with quota information
+	if resp.StatusCode == http.StatusOK &&
+		strings.Contains(urlStr, "copilot_internal") &&
+		strings.Contains(urlStr, "/token") {
+		response = h.enrichCopilotTokenResponse(c.Request.Context(), response, auth, urlStr)
+	}
+
+	// Return response in the same format as the request
+	if isCBOR {
+		cborData, errMarshal := cbor.Marshal(response)
+		if errMarshal != nil {
+			c.JSON(http.StatusInternalServerError, gin.H{"error": "failed to encode cbor response"})
+			return
+		}
+		c.Data(http.StatusOK, "application/cbor", cborData)
+	} else {
+		c.JSON(http.StatusOK, response)
+	}
 }
 
 func firstNonEmptyString(values ...*string) string {
@@ -702,3 +767,421 @@ func buildProxyTransport(proxyStr string) *http.Transport {
 	log.Debugf("unsupported proxy scheme: %s", proxyURL.Scheme)
 	return nil
 }
+
+// headerContainsValue checks whether a header map contains a target value (case-insensitive key and value).
+func headerContainsValue(headers map[string]string, targetKey, targetValue string) bool {
+	if len(headers) == 0 {
+		return false
+	}
+	for key, value := range headers {
+		if !strings.EqualFold(strings.TrimSpace(key), strings.TrimSpace(targetKey)) {
+			continue
+		}
+		if strings.Contains(strings.ToLower(value), strings.ToLower(strings.TrimSpace(targetValue))) {
+			return true
+		}
+	}
+	return false
+}
+
+// encodeJSONStringToCBOR converts a JSON string payload into CBOR bytes.
+func encodeJSONStringToCBOR(jsonString string) ([]byte, error) {
+	var payload any
+	if errUnmarshal := json.Unmarshal([]byte(jsonString), &payload); errUnmarshal != nil {
+		return nil, errUnmarshal
+	}
+	return cbor.Marshal(payload)
+}
+
+// decodeCBORBodyToTextOrJSON decodes CBOR bytes to plain text (for string payloads) or JSON string.
+func decodeCBORBodyToTextOrJSON(raw []byte) (string, error) {
+	if len(raw) == 0 {
+		return "", nil
+	}
+
+	var payload any
+	if errUnmarshal := cbor.Unmarshal(raw, &payload); errUnmarshal != nil {
+		return "", errUnmarshal
+	}
+
+	jsonCompatible := cborValueToJSONCompatible(payload)
+	switch typed := jsonCompatible.(type) {
+	case string:
+		return typed, nil
+	case []byte:
+		return string(typed), nil
+	default:
+		jsonBytes, errMarshal := json.Marshal(jsonCompatible)
+		if errMarshal != nil {
+			return "", errMarshal
+		}
+		return string(jsonBytes), nil
+	}
+}
+
+// cborValueToJSONCompatible recursively converts CBOR-decoded values into JSON-marshalable values.
+func cborValueToJSONCompatible(value any) any {
+	switch typed := value.(type) {
+	case map[any]any:
+		out := make(map[string]any, len(typed))
+		for key, item := range typed {
+			out[fmt.Sprint(key)] = cborValueToJSONCompatible(item)
+		}
+		return out
+	case map[string]any:
+		out := make(map[string]any, len(typed))
+		for key, item := range typed {
+			out[key] = cborValueToJSONCompatible(item)
+		}
+		return out
+	case []any:
+		out := make([]any, len(typed))
+		for i, item := range typed {
+			out[i] = cborValueToJSONCompatible(item)
+		}
+		return out
+	default:
+		return typed
+	}
+}
+
+// QuotaDetail represents quota information for a specific resource type
+type QuotaDetail struct {
+	Entitlement      float64 `json:"entitlement"`
+	OverageCount     float64 `json:"overage_count"`
+	OveragePermitted bool    `json:"overage_permitted"`
+	PercentRemaining float64 `json:"percent_remaining"`
+	QuotaID          string  `json:"quota_id"`
+	QuotaRemaining   float64 `json:"quota_remaining"`
+	Remaining        float64 `json:"remaining"`
+	Unlimited        bool    `json:"unlimited"`
+}
+
+// QuotaSnapshots contains quota details for different resource types
+type QuotaSnapshots struct {
+	Chat                QuotaDetail `json:"chat"`
+	Completions         QuotaDetail `json:"completions"`
+	PremiumInteractions QuotaDetail `json:"premium_interactions"`
+}
+
+// CopilotUsageResponse represents the GitHub Copilot usage information
+type CopilotUsageResponse struct {
+	AccessTypeSKU         string         `json:"access_type_sku"`
+	AnalyticsTrackingID   string         `json:"analytics_tracking_id"`
+	AssignedDate          string         `json:"assigned_date"`
+	CanSignupForLimited   bool           `json:"can_signup_for_limited"`
+	ChatEnabled           bool           `json:"chat_enabled"`
+	CopilotPlan           string         `json:"copilot_plan"`
+	OrganizationLoginList []interface{}  `json:"organization_login_list"`
+	OrganizationList      []interface{}  `json:"organization_list"`
+	QuotaResetDate        string         `json:"quota_reset_date"`
+	QuotaSnapshots        QuotaSnapshots `json:"quota_snapshots"`
+}
+
+type copilotQuotaRequest struct {
+	AuthIndexSnake  *string `json:"auth_index"`
+	AuthIndexCamel  *string `json:"authIndex"`
+	AuthIndexPascal *string `json:"AuthIndex"`
+}
+
+// GetCopilotQuota fetches GitHub Copilot quota information from the /copilot_internal/user endpoint.
+//
+// Endpoint:
+//
+//	GET /v0/management/copilot-quota
+//
+// Query Parameters (optional):
+//   - auth_index: The credential "auth_index" from GET /v0/management/auth-files.
+//     If omitted, uses the first available GitHub Copilot credential.
+//
+// Response:
+//
+//	Returns the CopilotUsageResponse with quota_snapshots containing detailed quota information
+//	for chat, completions, and premium_interactions.
+//
+// Example:
+//
+//	curl -sS -X GET "http://127.0.0.1:8317/v0/management/copilot-quota?auth_index=<AUTH_INDEX>" \
+//	  -H "Authorization: Bearer <MANAGEMENT_KEY>"
+func (h *Handler) GetCopilotQuota(c *gin.Context) {
+	authIndex := strings.TrimSpace(c.Query("auth_index"))
+	if authIndex == "" {
+		authIndex = strings.TrimSpace(c.Query("authIndex"))
+	}
+	if authIndex == "" {
+		authIndex = strings.TrimSpace(c.Query("AuthIndex"))
+	}
+
+	auth := h.findCopilotAuth(authIndex)
+	if auth == nil {
+		c.JSON(http.StatusBadRequest, gin.H{"error": "no github copilot credential found"})
+		return
+	}
+
+	token, tokenErr := h.resolveTokenForAuth(c.Request.Context(), auth)
+	if tokenErr != nil {
+		c.JSON(http.StatusBadRequest, gin.H{"error": "failed to refresh copilot token"})
+		return
+	}
+	if token == "" {
+		c.JSON(http.StatusBadRequest, gin.H{"error": "copilot token not found"})
+		return
+	}
+
+	apiURL := "https://api.github.com/copilot_internal/user"
+	req, errNewRequest := http.NewRequestWithContext(c.Request.Context(), http.MethodGet, apiURL, nil)
+	if errNewRequest != nil {
+		c.JSON(http.StatusInternalServerError, gin.H{"error": "failed to build request"})
+		return
+	}
+
+	req.Header.Set("Authorization", "Bearer "+token)
+	req.Header.Set("User-Agent", "CLIProxyAPIPlus")
+	req.Header.Set("Accept", "application/json")
+
+	httpClient := &http.Client{
+		Timeout:   defaultAPICallTimeout,
+		Transport: h.apiCallTransport(auth),
+	}
+
+	resp, errDo := httpClient.Do(req)
+	if errDo != nil {
+		log.WithError(errDo).Debug("copilot quota request failed")
+		c.JSON(http.StatusBadGateway, gin.H{"error": "request failed"})
+		return
+	}
+	defer func() {
+		if errClose := resp.Body.Close(); errClose != nil {
+			log.Errorf("response body close error: %v", errClose)
+		}
+	}()
+
+	respBody, errReadAll := io.ReadAll(resp.Body)
+	if errReadAll != nil {
+		c.JSON(http.StatusBadGateway, gin.H{"error": "failed to read response"})
+		return
+	}
+
+	if resp.StatusCode != http.StatusOK {
+		c.JSON(http.StatusBadGateway, gin.H{
+			"error":       "github api request failed",
+			"status_code": resp.StatusCode,
+			"body":        string(respBody),
+		})
+		return
+	}
+
+	var usage CopilotUsageResponse
+	if errUnmarshal := json.Unmarshal(respBody, &usage); errUnmarshal != nil {
+		c.JSON(http.StatusInternalServerError, gin.H{"error": "failed to parse response"})
+		return
+	}
+
+	c.JSON(http.StatusOK, usage)
+}
+
+// findCopilotAuth locates a GitHub Copilot credential by auth_index or returns the first available one
+func (h *Handler) findCopilotAuth(authIndex string) *coreauth.Auth {
+	if h == nil || h.authManager == nil {
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	auths := h.authManager.List()
+	var firstCopilot *coreauth.Auth
+
+	for _, auth := range auths {
+		if auth == nil {
+			continue
+		}
+
+		provider := strings.ToLower(strings.TrimSpace(auth.Provider))
+		if provider != "copilot" && provider != "github" && provider != "github-copilot" {
+			continue
+		}
+
+		if firstCopilot == nil {
+			firstCopilot = auth
+		}
+
+		if authIndex != "" {
+			auth.EnsureIndex()
+			if auth.Index == authIndex {
+				return auth
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	return firstCopilot
+}
+
+// enrichCopilotTokenResponse fetches quota information and adds it to the Copilot token response body
+func (h *Handler) enrichCopilotTokenResponse(ctx context.Context, response apiCallResponse, auth *coreauth.Auth, originalURL string) apiCallResponse {
+	if auth == nil || response.Body == "" {
+		return response
+	}
+
+	// Parse the token response to check if it's enterprise (null limited_user_quotas)
+	var tokenResp map[string]interface{}
+	if err := json.Unmarshal([]byte(response.Body), &tokenResp); err != nil {
+		log.WithError(err).Debug("enrichCopilotTokenResponse: failed to parse copilot token response")
+		return response
+	}
+
+	// Get the GitHub token to call the copilot_internal/user endpoint
+	token, tokenErr := h.resolveTokenForAuth(ctx, auth)
+	if tokenErr != nil {
+		log.WithError(tokenErr).Debug("enrichCopilotTokenResponse: failed to resolve token")
+		return response
+	}
+	if token == "" {
+		return response
+	}
+
+	// Fetch quota information from /copilot_internal/user
+	// Derive the base URL from the original token request to support proxies and test servers
+	parsedURL, errParse := url.Parse(originalURL)
+	if errParse != nil {
+		log.WithError(errParse).Debug("enrichCopilotTokenResponse: failed to parse URL")
+		return response
+	}
+	quotaURL := fmt.Sprintf("%s://%s/copilot_internal/user", parsedURL.Scheme, parsedURL.Host)
+
+	req, errNewRequest := http.NewRequestWithContext(ctx, http.MethodGet, quotaURL, nil)
+	if errNewRequest != nil {
+		log.WithError(errNewRequest).Debug("enrichCopilotTokenResponse: failed to build request")
+		return response
+	}
+
+	req.Header.Set("Authorization", "Bearer "+token)
+	req.Header.Set("User-Agent", "CLIProxyAPIPlus")
+	req.Header.Set("Accept", "application/json")
+
+	httpClient := &http.Client{
+		Timeout:   defaultAPICallTimeout,
+		Transport: h.apiCallTransport(auth),
+	}
+
+	quotaResp, errDo := httpClient.Do(req)
+	if errDo != nil {
+		log.WithError(errDo).Debug("enrichCopilotTokenResponse: quota fetch HTTP request failed")
+		return response
+	}
+
+	defer func() {
+		if errClose := quotaResp.Body.Close(); errClose != nil {
+			log.Errorf("quota response body close error: %v", errClose)
+		}
+	}()
+
+	if quotaResp.StatusCode != http.StatusOK {
+		return response
+	}
+
+	quotaBody, errReadAll := io.ReadAll(quotaResp.Body)
+	if errReadAll != nil {
+		log.WithError(errReadAll).Debug("enrichCopilotTokenResponse: failed to read response")
+		return response
+	}
+
+	// Parse the quota response
+	var quotaData CopilotUsageResponse
+	if err := json.Unmarshal(quotaBody, &quotaData); err != nil {
+		log.WithError(err).Debug("enrichCopilotTokenResponse: failed to parse response")
+		return response
+	}
+
+	// Check if this is an enterprise account by looking for quota_snapshots in the response
+	// Enterprise accounts have quota_snapshots, non-enterprise have limited_user_quotas
+	var quotaRaw map[string]interface{}
+	if err := json.Unmarshal(quotaBody, &quotaRaw); err == nil {
+		if _, hasQuotaSnapshots := quotaRaw["quota_snapshots"]; hasQuotaSnapshots {
+			// Enterprise account - has quota_snapshots
+			tokenResp["quota_snapshots"] = quotaData.QuotaSnapshots
+			tokenResp["access_type_sku"] = quotaData.AccessTypeSKU
+			tokenResp["copilot_plan"] = quotaData.CopilotPlan
+
+			// Add quota reset date for enterprise (quota_reset_date_utc)
+			if quotaResetDateUTC, ok := quotaRaw["quota_reset_date_utc"]; ok {
+				tokenResp["quota_reset_date"] = quotaResetDateUTC
+			} else if quotaData.QuotaResetDate != "" {
+				tokenResp["quota_reset_date"] = quotaData.QuotaResetDate
+			}
+		} else {
+			// Non-enterprise account - build quota from limited_user_quotas and monthly_quotas
+			var quotaSnapshots QuotaSnapshots
+
+			// Get monthly quotas (total entitlement) and limited_user_quotas (remaining)
+			monthlyQuotas, hasMonthly := quotaRaw["monthly_quotas"].(map[string]interface{})
+			limitedQuotas, hasLimited := quotaRaw["limited_user_quotas"].(map[string]interface{})
+
+			// Process chat quota
+			if hasMonthly && hasLimited {
+				if chatTotal, ok := monthlyQuotas["chat"].(float64); ok {
+					chatRemaining := chatTotal // default to full if no limited quota
+					if chatLimited, ok := limitedQuotas["chat"].(float64); ok {
+						chatRemaining = chatLimited
+					}
+					percentRemaining := 0.0
+					if chatTotal > 0 {
+						percentRemaining = (chatRemaining / chatTotal) * 100.0
+					}
+					quotaSnapshots.Chat = QuotaDetail{
+						Entitlement:      chatTotal,
+						Remaining:        chatRemaining,
+						QuotaRemaining:   chatRemaining,
+						PercentRemaining: percentRemaining,
+						QuotaID:          "chat",
+						Unlimited:        false,
+					}
+				}
+
+				// Process completions quota
+				if completionsTotal, ok := monthlyQuotas["completions"].(float64); ok {
+					completionsRemaining := completionsTotal // default to full if no limited quota
+					if completionsLimited, ok := limitedQuotas["completions"].(float64); ok {
+						completionsRemaining = completionsLimited
+					}
+					percentRemaining := 0.0
+					if completionsTotal > 0 {
+						percentRemaining = (completionsRemaining / completionsTotal) * 100.0
+					}
+					quotaSnapshots.Completions = QuotaDetail{
+						Entitlement:      completionsTotal,
+						Remaining:        completionsRemaining,
+						QuotaRemaining:   completionsRemaining,
+						PercentRemaining: percentRemaining,
+						QuotaID:          "completions",
+						Unlimited:        false,
+					}
+				}
+			}
+
+			// Premium interactions don't exist for non-enterprise, leave as zero values
+			quotaSnapshots.PremiumInteractions = QuotaDetail{
+				QuotaID:   "premium_interactions",
+				Unlimited: false,
+			}
+
+			// Add quota_snapshots to the token response
+			tokenResp["quota_snapshots"] = quotaSnapshots
+			tokenResp["access_type_sku"] = quotaData.AccessTypeSKU
+			tokenResp["copilot_plan"] = quotaData.CopilotPlan
+
+			// Add quota reset date for non-enterprise (limited_user_reset_date)
+			if limitedResetDate, ok := quotaRaw["limited_user_reset_date"]; ok {
+				tokenResp["quota_reset_date"] = limitedResetDate
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	// Re-serialize the enriched response
+	enrichedBody, errMarshal := json.Marshal(tokenResp)
+	if errMarshal != nil {
+		log.WithError(errMarshal).Debug("failed to marshal enriched response")
+		return response
+	}
+
+	response.Body = string(enrichedBody)
+
+	return response
+}

internal/api/handlers/management/api_tools_cbor_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,149 @@
+package management
+
+import (
+	"bytes"
+	"encoding/json"
+	"net/http"
+	"net/http/httptest"
+	"testing"
+
+	"github.com/fxamacker/cbor/v2"
+	"github.com/gin-gonic/gin"
+)
+
+func TestAPICall_CBOR_Support(t *testing.T) {
+	gin.SetMode(gin.TestMode)
+
+	// Create a test handler
+	h := &Handler{}
+
+	// Create test request data
+	reqData := apiCallRequest{
+		Method: "GET",
+		URL:    "https://httpbin.org/get",
+		Header: map[string]string{
+			"User-Agent": "test-client",
+		},
+	}
+
+	t.Run("JSON request and response", func(t *testing.T) {
+		// Marshal request as JSON
+		jsonData, err := json.Marshal(reqData)
+		if err != nil {
+			t.Fatalf("Failed to marshal JSON: %v", err)
+		}
+
+		// Create HTTP request
+		req := httptest.NewRequest(http.MethodPost, "/v0/management/api-call", bytes.NewReader(jsonData))
+		req.Header.Set("Content-Type", "application/json")
+
+		// Create response recorder
+		w := httptest.NewRecorder()
+
+		// Create Gin context
+		c, _ := gin.CreateTestContext(w)
+		c.Request = req
+
+		// Call handler
+		h.APICall(c)
+
+		// Verify response
+		if w.Code != http.StatusOK && w.Code != http.StatusBadGateway {
+			t.Logf("Response status: %d", w.Code)
+			t.Logf("Response body: %s", w.Body.String())
+		}
+
+		// Check content type
+		contentType := w.Header().Get("Content-Type")
+		if w.Code == http.StatusOK && !contains(contentType, "application/json") {
+			t.Errorf("Expected JSON response, got: %s", contentType)
+		}
+	})
+
+	t.Run("CBOR request and response", func(t *testing.T) {
+		// Marshal request as CBOR
+		cborData, err := cbor.Marshal(reqData)
+		if err != nil {
+			t.Fatalf("Failed to marshal CBOR: %v", err)
+		}
+
+		// Create HTTP request
+		req := httptest.NewRequest(http.MethodPost, "/v0/management/api-call", bytes.NewReader(cborData))
+		req.Header.Set("Content-Type", "application/cbor")
+
+		// Create response recorder
+		w := httptest.NewRecorder()
+
+		// Create Gin context
+		c, _ := gin.CreateTestContext(w)
+		c.Request = req
+
+		// Call handler
+		h.APICall(c)
+
+		// Verify response
+		if w.Code != http.StatusOK && w.Code != http.StatusBadGateway {
+			t.Logf("Response status: %d", w.Code)
+			t.Logf("Response body: %s", w.Body.String())
+		}
+
+		// Check content type
+		contentType := w.Header().Get("Content-Type")
+		if w.Code == http.StatusOK && !contains(contentType, "application/cbor") {
+			t.Errorf("Expected CBOR response, got: %s", contentType)
+		}
+
+		// Try to decode CBOR response
+		if w.Code == http.StatusOK {
+			var response apiCallResponse
+			if err := cbor.Unmarshal(w.Body.Bytes(), &response); err != nil {
+				t.Errorf("Failed to unmarshal CBOR response: %v", err)
+			} else {
+				t.Logf("CBOR response decoded successfully: status_code=%d", response.StatusCode)
+			}
+		}
+	})
+
+	t.Run("CBOR encoding and decoding consistency", func(t *testing.T) {
+		// Test data
+		testReq := apiCallRequest{
+			Method: "POST",
+			URL:    "https://example.com/api",
+			Header: map[string]string{
+				"Authorization": "Bearer $TOKEN$",
+				"Content-Type":  "application/json",
+			},
+			Data: `{"key":"value"}`,
+		}
+
+		// Encode to CBOR
+		cborData, err := cbor.Marshal(testReq)
+		if err != nil {
+			t.Fatalf("Failed to marshal to CBOR: %v", err)
+		}
+
+		// Decode from CBOR
+		var decoded apiCallRequest
+		if err := cbor.Unmarshal(cborData, &decoded); err != nil {
+			t.Fatalf("Failed to unmarshal from CBOR: %v", err)
+		}
+
+		// Verify fields
+		if decoded.Method != testReq.Method {
+			t.Errorf("Method mismatch: got %s, want %s", decoded.Method, testReq.Method)
+		}
+		if decoded.URL != testReq.URL {
+			t.Errorf("URL mismatch: got %s, want %s", decoded.URL, testReq.URL)
+		}
+		if decoded.Data != testReq.Data {
+			t.Errorf("Data mismatch: got %s, want %s", decoded.Data, testReq.Data)
+		}
+		if len(decoded.Header) != len(testReq.Header) {
+			t.Errorf("Header count mismatch: got %d, want %d", len(decoded.Header), len(testReq.Header))
+		}
+	})
+}
+
+func contains(s, substr string) bool {
+	return len(s) > 0 && len(substr) > 0 && (s == substr || len(s) >= len(substr) && s[:len(substr)] == substr || bytes.Contains([]byte(s), []byte(substr)))
+}

internal/api/handlers/management/auth_files.go

@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@ import (
 	"crypto/rand"
 	"crypto/sha256"
 	"encoding/base64"
+	"encoding/hex"
 	"encoding/json"
 	"errors"
 	"fmt"
@@ -22,10 +23,14 @@ import (
 	"time"
 
 	"github.com/gin-gonic/gin"
+	"github.com/router-for-me/CLIProxyAPI/v6/internal/auth/antigravity"
 	"github.com/router-for-me/CLIProxyAPI/v6/internal/auth/claude"
 	"github.com/router-for-me/CLIProxyAPI/v6/internal/auth/codex"
+	"github.com/router-for-me/CLIProxyAPI/v6/internal/auth/copilot"
 	geminiAuth "github.com/router-for-me/CLIProxyAPI/v6/internal/auth/gemini"
 	iflowauth "github.com/router-for-me/CLIProxyAPI/v6/internal/auth/iflow"
+	"github.com/router-for-me/CLIProxyAPI/v6/internal/auth/kilo"
+	"github.com/router-for-me/CLIProxyAPI/v6/internal/auth/kimi"
 	kiroauth "github.com/router-for-me/CLIProxyAPI/v6/internal/auth/kiro"
 	"github.com/router-for-me/CLIProxyAPI/v6/internal/auth/qwen"
 	"github.com/router-for-me/CLIProxyAPI/v6/internal/interfaces"
@@ -234,14 +239,6 @@ func stopForwarderInstance(port int, forwarder *callbackForwarder) {
 	log.Infof("callback forwarder on port %d stopped", port)
 }
 
-func sanitizeAntigravityFileName(email string) string {
-	if strings.TrimSpace(email) == "" {
-		return "antigravity.json"
-	}
-	replacer := strings.NewReplacer("@", "_", ".", "_")
-	return fmt.Sprintf("antigravity-%s.json", replacer.Replace(email))
-}
-
 func (h *Handler) managementCallbackURL(path string) (string, error) {
 	if h == nil || h.cfg == nil || h.cfg.Port <= 0 {
 		return "", fmt.Errorf("server port is not configured")
@@ -464,6 +461,12 @@ func extractCodexIDTokenClaims(auth *coreauth.Auth) gin.H {
 	if v := strings.TrimSpace(claims.CodexAuthInfo.ChatgptPlanType); v != "" {
 		result["plan_type"] = v
 	}
+	if v := claims.CodexAuthInfo.ChatgptSubscriptionActiveStart; v != nil {
+		result["chatgpt_subscription_active_start"] = v
+	}
+	if v := claims.CodexAuthInfo.ChatgptSubscriptionActiveUntil; v != nil {
+		result["chatgpt_subscription_active_until"] = v
+	}
 
 	if len(result) == 0 {
 		return nil
@@ -745,6 +748,153 @@ func (h *Handler) registerAuthFromFile(ctx context.Context, path string, data []
 	return err
 }
 
+// PatchAuthFileStatus toggles the disabled state of an auth file
+func (h *Handler) PatchAuthFileStatus(c *gin.Context) {
+	if h.authManager == nil {
+		c.JSON(http.StatusServiceUnavailable, gin.H{"error": "core auth manager unavailable"})
+		return
+	}
+
+	var req struct {
+		Name     string `json:"name"`
+		Disabled *bool  `json:"disabled"`
+	}
+	if err := c.ShouldBindJSON(&req); err != nil {
+		c.JSON(http.StatusBadRequest, gin.H{"error": "invalid request body"})
+		return
+	}
+
+	name := strings.TrimSpace(req.Name)
+	if name == "" {
+		c.JSON(http.StatusBadRequest, gin.H{"error": "name is required"})
+		return
+	}
+	if req.Disabled == nil {
+		c.JSON(http.StatusBadRequest, gin.H{"error": "disabled is required"})
+		return
+	}
+
+	ctx := c.Request.Context()
+
+	// Find auth by name or ID
+	var targetAuth *coreauth.Auth
+	if auth, ok := h.authManager.GetByID(name); ok {
+		targetAuth = auth
+	} else {
+		auths := h.authManager.List()
+		for _, auth := range auths {
+			if auth.FileName == name {
+				targetAuth = auth
+				break
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	if targetAuth == nil {
+		c.JSON(http.StatusNotFound, gin.H{"error": "auth file not found"})
+		return
+	}
+
+	// Update disabled state
+	targetAuth.Disabled = *req.Disabled
+	if *req.Disabled {
+		targetAuth.Status = coreauth.StatusDisabled
+		targetAuth.StatusMessage = "disabled via management API"
+	} else {
+		targetAuth.Status = coreauth.StatusActive
+		targetAuth.StatusMessage = ""
+	}
+	targetAuth.UpdatedAt = time.Now()
+
+	if _, err := h.authManager.Update(ctx, targetAuth); err != nil {
+		c.JSON(http.StatusInternalServerError, gin.H{"error": fmt.Sprintf("failed to update auth: %v", err)})
+		return
+	}
+
+	c.JSON(http.StatusOK, gin.H{"status": "ok", "disabled": *req.Disabled})
+}
+
+// PatchAuthFileFields updates editable fields (prefix, proxy_url, priority) of an auth file.
+func (h *Handler) PatchAuthFileFields(c *gin.Context) {
+	if h.authManager == nil {
+		c.JSON(http.StatusServiceUnavailable, gin.H{"error": "core auth manager unavailable"})
+		return
+	}
+
+	var req struct {
+		Name     string  `json:"name"`
+		Prefix   *string `json:"prefix"`
+		ProxyURL *string `json:"proxy_url"`
+		Priority *int    `json:"priority"`
+	}
+	if err := c.ShouldBindJSON(&req); err != nil {
+		c.JSON(http.StatusBadRequest, gin.H{"error": "invalid request body"})
+		return
+	}
+
+	name := strings.TrimSpace(req.Name)
+	if name == "" {
+		c.JSON(http.StatusBadRequest, gin.H{"error": "name is required"})
+		return
+	}
+
+	ctx := c.Request.Context()
+
+	// Find auth by name or ID
+	var targetAuth *coreauth.Auth
+	if auth, ok := h.authManager.GetByID(name); ok {
+		targetAuth = auth
+	} else {
+		auths := h.authManager.List()
+		for _, auth := range auths {
+			if auth.FileName == name {
+				targetAuth = auth
+				break
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	if targetAuth == nil {
+		c.JSON(http.StatusNotFound, gin.H{"error": "auth file not found"})
+		return
+	}
+
+	changed := false
+	if req.Prefix != nil {
+		targetAuth.Prefix = *req.Prefix
+		changed = true
+	}
+	if req.ProxyURL != nil {
+		targetAuth.ProxyURL = *req.ProxyURL
+		changed = true
+	}
+	if req.Priority != nil {
+		if targetAuth.Metadata == nil {
+			targetAuth.Metadata = make(map[string]any)
+		}
+		if *req.Priority == 0 {
+			delete(targetAuth.Metadata, "priority")
+		} else {
+			targetAuth.Metadata["priority"] = *req.Priority
+		}
+		changed = true
+	}
+
+	if !changed {
+		c.JSON(http.StatusBadRequest, gin.H{"error": "no fields to update"})
+		return
+	}
+
+	targetAuth.UpdatedAt = time.Now()
+
+	if _, err := h.authManager.Update(ctx, targetAuth); err != nil {
+		c.JSON(http.StatusInternalServerError, gin.H{"error": fmt.Sprintf("failed to update auth: %v", err)})
+		return
+	}
+
+	c.JSON(http.StatusOK, gin.H{"status": "ok"})
+}
+
 func (h *Handler) disableAuth(ctx context.Context, id string) {
 	if h == nil || h.authManager == nil {
 		return
@@ -911,67 +1061,14 @@ func (h *Handler) RequestAnthropicToken(c *gin.Context) {
 		rawCode := resultMap["code"]
 		code := strings.Split(rawCode, "#")[0]
 
-		// Exchange code for tokens (replicate logic using updated redirect_uri)
-		// Extract client_id from the modified auth URL
-		clientID := ""
-		if u2, errP := url.Parse(authURL); errP == nil {
-			clientID = u2.Query().Get("client_id")
-		}
-		// Build request
-		bodyMap := map[string]any{
-			"code":          code,
-			"state":         state,
-			"grant_type":    "authorization_code",
-			"client_id":     clientID,
-			"redirect_uri":  "http://localhost:54545/callback",
-			"code_verifier": pkceCodes.CodeVerifier,
-		}
-		bodyJSON, _ := json.Marshal(bodyMap)
-
-		httpClient := util.SetProxy(&h.cfg.SDKConfig, &http.Client{})
-		req, _ := http.NewRequestWithContext(ctx, "POST", "https://console.anthropic.com/v1/oauth/token", strings.NewReader(string(bodyJSON)))
-		req.Header.Set("Content-Type", "application/json")
-		req.Header.Set("Accept", "application/json")
-		resp, errDo := httpClient.Do(req)
-		if errDo != nil {
-			authErr := claude.NewAuthenticationError(claude.ErrCodeExchangeFailed, errDo)
+		// Exchange code for tokens using internal auth service
+		bundle, errExchange := anthropicAuth.ExchangeCodeForTokens(ctx, code, state, pkceCodes)
+		if errExchange != nil {
+			authErr := claude.NewAuthenticationError(claude.ErrCodeExchangeFailed, errExchange)
 			log.Errorf("Failed to exchange authorization code for tokens: %v", authErr)
 			SetOAuthSessionError(state, "Failed to exchange authorization code for tokens")
 			return
 		}
-		defer func() {
-			if errClose := resp.Body.Close(); errClose != nil {
-				log.Errorf("failed to close response body: %v", errClose)
-			}
-		}()
-		respBody, _ := io.ReadAll(resp.Body)
-		if resp.StatusCode != http.StatusOK {
-			log.Errorf("token exchange failed with status %d: %s", resp.StatusCode, string(respBody))
-			SetOAuthSessionError(state, fmt.Sprintf("token exchange failed with status %d", resp.StatusCode))
-			return
-		}
-		var tResp struct {
-			AccessToken  string `json:"access_token"`
-			RefreshToken string `json:"refresh_token"`
-			ExpiresIn    int    `json:"expires_in"`
-			Account      struct {
-				EmailAddress string `json:"email_address"`
-			} `json:"account"`
-		}
-		if errU := json.Unmarshal(respBody, &tResp); errU != nil {
-			log.Errorf("failed to parse token response: %v", errU)
-			SetOAuthSessionError(state, "Failed to parse token response")
-			return
-		}
-		bundle := &claude.ClaudeAuthBundle{
-			TokenData: claude.ClaudeTokenData{
-				AccessToken:  tResp.AccessToken,
-				RefreshToken: tResp.RefreshToken,
-				Email:        tResp.Account.EmailAddress,
-				Expire:       time.Now().Add(time.Duration(tResp.ExpiresIn) * time.Second).Format(time.RFC3339),
-			},
-			LastRefresh: time.Now().Format(time.RFC3339),
-		}
 
 		// Create token storage
 		tokenStorage := anthropicAuth.CreateTokenStorage(bundle)
@@ -1011,17 +1108,13 @@ func (h *Handler) RequestGeminiCLIToken(c *gin.Context) {
 
 	fmt.Println("Initializing Google authentication...")
 
-	// OAuth2 configuration (mirrors internal/auth/gemini)
+	// OAuth2 configuration using exported constants from internal/auth/gemini
 	conf := &oauth2.Config{
-		ClientID:     "681255809395-oo8ft2oprdrnp9e3aqf6av3hmdib135j.apps.googleusercontent.com",
-		ClientSecret: "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",
-		RedirectURL:  "http://localhost:8085/oauth2callback",
-		Scopes: []string{
-			"https://www.googleapis.com/auth/cloud-platform",
-			"https://www.googleapis.com/auth/userinfo.email",
-			"https://www.googleapis.com/auth/userinfo.profile",
-		},
-		Endpoint: google.Endpoint,
+		ClientID:     geminiAuth.ClientID,
+		ClientSecret: geminiAuth.ClientSecret,
+		RedirectURL:  fmt.Sprintf("http://localhost:%d/oauth2callback", geminiAuth.DefaultCallbackPort),
+		Scopes:       geminiAuth.Scopes,
+		Endpoint:     google.Endpoint,
 	}
 
 	// Build authorization URL and return it immediately
@@ -1143,13 +1236,9 @@ func (h *Handler) RequestGeminiCLIToken(c *gin.Context) {
 		}
 
 		ifToken["token_uri"] = "https://oauth2.googleapis.com/token"
-		ifToken["client_id"] = "681255809395-oo8ft2oprdrnp9e3aqf6av3hmdib135j.apps.googleusercontent.com"
-		ifToken["client_secret"] = "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"
-		ifToken["scopes"] = []string{
-			"https://www.googleapis.com/auth/cloud-platform",
-			"https://www.googleapis.com/auth/userinfo.email",
-			"https://www.googleapis.com/auth/userinfo.profile",
-		}
+		ifToken["client_id"] = geminiAuth.ClientID
+		ifToken["client_secret"] = geminiAuth.ClientSecret
+		ifToken["scopes"] = geminiAuth.Scopes
 		ifToken["universe_domain"] = "googleapis.com"
 
 		ts := geminiAuth.GeminiTokenStorage{
@@ -1186,6 +1275,30 @@ func (h *Handler) RequestGeminiCLIToken(c *gin.Context) {
 			}
 			ts.ProjectID = strings.Join(projects, ",")
 			ts.Checked = true
+		} else if strings.EqualFold(requestedProjectID, "GOOGLE_ONE") {
+			ts.Auto = false
+			if errSetup := performGeminiCLISetup(ctx, gemClient, &ts, ""); errSetup != nil {
+				log.Errorf("Google One auto-discovery failed: %v", errSetup)
+				SetOAuthSessionError(state, "Google One auto-discovery failed")
+				return
+			}
+			if strings.TrimSpace(ts.ProjectID) == "" {
+				log.Error("Google One auto-discovery returned empty project ID")
+				SetOAuthSessionError(state, "Google One auto-discovery returned empty project ID")
+				return
+			}
+			isChecked, errCheck := checkCloudAPIIsEnabled(ctx, gemClient, ts.ProjectID)
+			if errCheck != nil {
+				log.Errorf("Failed to verify Cloud AI API status: %v", errCheck)
+				SetOAuthSessionError(state, "Failed to verify Cloud AI API status")
+				return
+			}
+			ts.Checked = isChecked
+			if !isChecked {
+				log.Error("Cloud AI API is not enabled for the auto-discovered project")
+				SetOAuthSessionError(state, "Cloud AI API not enabled")
+				return
+			}
 		} else {
 			if errEnsure := ensureGeminiProjectAndOnboard(ctx, gemClient, &ts, requestedProjectID); errEnsure != nil {
 				log.Errorf("Failed to complete Gemini CLI onboarding: %v", errEnsure)
@@ -1336,74 +1449,34 @@ func (h *Handler) RequestCodexToken(c *gin.Context) {
 		}
 
 		log.Debug("Authorization code received, exchanging for tokens...")
-		// Extract client_id from authURL
-		clientID := ""
-		if u2, errP := url.Parse(authURL); errP == nil {
-			clientID = u2.Query().Get("client_id")
-		}
-		// Exchange code for tokens with redirect equal to mgmtRedirect
-		form := url.Values{
-			"grant_type":    {"authorization_code"},
-			"client_id":     {clientID},
-			"code":          {code},
-			"redirect_uri":  {"http://localhost:1455/auth/callback"},
-			"code_verifier": {pkceCodes.CodeVerifier},
-		}
-		httpClient := util.SetProxy(&h.cfg.SDKConfig, &http.Client{})
-		req, _ := http.NewRequestWithContext(ctx, "POST", "https://auth.openai.com/oauth/token", strings.NewReader(form.Encode()))
-		req.Header.Set("Content-Type", "application/x-www-form-urlencoded")
-		req.Header.Set("Accept", "application/json")
-		resp, errDo := httpClient.Do(req)
-		if errDo != nil {
-			authErr := codex.NewAuthenticationError(codex.ErrCodeExchangeFailed, errDo)
+		// Exchange code for tokens using internal auth service
+		bundle, errExchange := openaiAuth.ExchangeCodeForTokens(ctx, code, pkceCodes)
+		if errExchange != nil {
+			authErr := codex.NewAuthenticationError(codex.ErrCodeExchangeFailed, errExchange)
 			SetOAuthSessionError(state, "Failed to exchange authorization code for tokens")
 			log.Errorf("Failed to exchange authorization code for tokens: %v", authErr)
 			return
 		}
-		defer func() { _ = resp.Body.Close() }()
-		respBody, _ := io.ReadAll(resp.Body)
-		if resp.StatusCode != http.StatusOK {
-			SetOAuthSessionError(state, fmt.Sprintf("Token exchange failed with status %d", resp.StatusCode))
-			log.Errorf("token exchange failed with status %d: %s", resp.StatusCode, string(respBody))
-			return
-		}
-		var tokenResp struct {
-			AccessToken  string `json:"access_token"`
-			RefreshToken string `json:"refresh_token"`
-			IDToken      string `json:"id_token"`
-			ExpiresIn    int    `json:"expires_in"`
-		}
-		if errU := json.Unmarshal(respBody, &tokenResp); errU != nil {
-			SetOAuthSessionError(state, "Failed to parse token response")
-			log.Errorf("failed to parse token response: %v", errU)
-			return
-		}
-		claims, _ := codex.ParseJWTToken(tokenResp.IDToken)
-		email := ""
-		accountID := ""
+
+		// Extract additional info for filename generation
+		claims, _ := codex.ParseJWTToken(bundle.TokenData.IDToken)
+		planType := ""
+		hashAccountID := ""
 		if claims != nil {
-			email = claims.GetUserEmail()
-			accountID = claims.GetAccountID()
-		}
-		// Build bundle compatible with existing storage
-		bundle := &codex.CodexAuthBundle{
-			TokenData: codex.CodexTokenData{
-				IDToken:      tokenResp.IDToken,
-				AccessToken:  tokenResp.AccessToken,
-				RefreshToken: tokenResp.RefreshToken,
-				AccountID:    accountID,
-				Email:        email,
-				Expire:       time.Now().Add(time.Duration(tokenResp.ExpiresIn) * time.Second).Format(time.RFC3339),
-			},
-			LastRefresh: time.Now().Format(time.RFC3339),
+			planType = strings.TrimSpace(claims.CodexAuthInfo.ChatgptPlanType)
+			if accountID := claims.GetAccountID(); accountID != "" {
+				digest := sha256.Sum256([]byte(accountID))
+				hashAccountID = hex.EncodeToString(digest[:])[:8]
+			}
 		}
 
 		// Create token storage and persist
 		tokenStorage := openaiAuth.CreateTokenStorage(bundle)
+		fileName := codex.CredentialFileName(tokenStorage.Email, planType, hashAccountID, true)
 		record := &coreauth.Auth{
-			ID:       fmt.Sprintf("codex-%s.json", tokenStorage.Email),
+			ID:       fileName,
 			Provider: "codex",
-			FileName: fmt.Sprintf("codex-%s.json", tokenStorage.Email),
+			FileName: fileName,
 			Storage:  tokenStorage,
 			Metadata: map[string]any{
 				"email":      tokenStorage.Email,
@@ -1429,23 +1502,12 @@ func (h *Handler) RequestCodexToken(c *gin.Context) {
 }
 
 func (h *Handler) RequestAntigravityToken(c *gin.Context) {
-	const (
-		antigravityCallbackPort = 51121
-		antigravityClientID     = "1071006060591-tmhssin2h21lcre235vtolojh4g403ep.apps.googleusercontent.com"
-		antigravityClientSecret = "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"
-	)
-	var antigravityScopes = []string{
-		"https://www.googleapis.com/auth/cloud-platform",
-		"https://www.googleapis.com/auth/userinfo.email",
-		"https://www.googleapis.com/auth/userinfo.profile",
-		"https://www.googleapis.com/auth/cclog",
-		"https://www.googleapis.com/auth/experimentsandconfigs",
-	}
-
 	ctx := context.Background()
 
 	fmt.Println("Initializing Antigravity authentication...")
 
+	authSvc := antigravity.NewAntigravityAuth(h.cfg, nil)
+
 	state, errState := misc.GenerateRandomState()
 	if errState != nil {
 		log.Errorf("Failed to generate state parameter: %v", errState)
@@ -1453,17 +1515,8 @@ func (h *Handler) RequestAntigravityToken(c *gin.Context) {
 		return
 	}
 
-	redirectURI := fmt.Sprintf("http://localhost:%d/oauth-callback", antigravityCallbackPort)
-
-	params := url.Values{}
-	params.Set("access_type", "offline")
-	params.Set("client_id", antigravityClientID)
-	params.Set("prompt", "consent")
-	params.Set("redirect_uri", redirectURI)
-	params.Set("response_type", "code")
-	params.Set("scope", strings.Join(antigravityScopes, " "))
-	params.Set("state", state)
-	authURL := "https://accounts.google.com/o/oauth2/v2/auth?" + params.Encode()
+	redirectURI := fmt.Sprintf("http://localhost:%d/oauth-callback", antigravity.CallbackPort)
+	authURL := authSvc.BuildAuthURL(state, redirectURI)
 
 	RegisterOAuthSession(state, "antigravity")
 
@@ -1477,7 +1530,7 @@ func (h *Handler) RequestAntigravityToken(c *gin.Context) {
 			return
 		}
 		var errStart error
-		if forwarder, errStart = startCallbackForwarder(antigravityCallbackPort, "antigravity", targetURL); errStart != nil {
+		if forwarder, errStart = startCallbackForwarder(antigravity.CallbackPort, "antigravity", targetURL); errStart != nil {
 			log.WithError(errStart).Error("failed to start antigravity callback forwarder")
 			c.JSON(http.StatusInternalServerError, gin.H{"error": "failed to start callback server"})
 			return
@@ -1486,7 +1539,7 @@ func (h *Handler) RequestAntigravityToken(c *gin.Context) {
 
 	go func() {
 		if isWebUI {
-			defer stopCallbackForwarderInstance(antigravityCallbackPort, forwarder)
+			defer stopCallbackForwarderInstance(antigravity.CallbackPort, forwarder)
 		}
 
 		waitFile := filepath.Join(h.cfg.AuthDir, fmt.Sprintf(".oauth-antigravity-%s.oauth", state))
@@ -1526,93 +1579,36 @@ func (h *Handler) RequestAntigravityToken(c *gin.Context) {
 			time.Sleep(500 * time.Millisecond)
 		}
 
-		httpClient := util.SetProxy(&h.cfg.SDKConfig, &http.Client{})
-		form := url.Values{}
-		form.Set("code", authCode)
-		form.Set("client_id", antigravityClientID)
-		form.Set("client_secret", antigravityClientSecret)
-		form.Set("redirect_uri", redirectURI)
-		form.Set("grant_type", "authorization_code")
-
-		req, errNewRequest := http.NewRequestWithContext(ctx, http.MethodPost, "https://oauth2.googleapis.com/token", strings.NewReader(form.Encode()))
-		if errNewRequest != nil {
-			log.Errorf("Failed to build token request: %v", errNewRequest)
-			SetOAuthSessionError(state, "Failed to build token request")
-			return
-		}
-		req.Header.Set("Content-Type", "application/x-www-form-urlencoded")
-
-		resp, errDo := httpClient.Do(req)
-		if errDo != nil {
-			log.Errorf("Failed to execute token request: %v", errDo)
+		tokenResp, errToken := authSvc.ExchangeCodeForTokens(ctx, authCode, redirectURI)
+		if errToken != nil {
+			log.Errorf("Failed to exchange token: %v", errToken)
 			SetOAuthSessionError(state, "Failed to exchange token")
 			return
 		}
-		defer func() {
-			if errClose := resp.Body.Close(); errClose != nil {
-				log.Errorf("antigravity token exchange close error: %v", errClose)
-			}
-		}()
 
-		if resp.StatusCode < http.StatusOK || resp.StatusCode >= http.StatusMultipleChoices {
-			bodyBytes, _ := io.ReadAll(resp.Body)
-			log.Errorf("Antigravity token exchange failed with status %d: %s", resp.StatusCode, string(bodyBytes))
-			SetOAuthSessionError(state, fmt.Sprintf("Token exchange failed: %d", resp.StatusCode))
+		accessToken := strings.TrimSpace(tokenResp.AccessToken)
+		if accessToken == "" {
+			log.Error("antigravity: token exchange returned empty access token")
+			SetOAuthSessionError(state, "Failed to exchange token")
 			return
 		}
 
-		var tokenResp struct {
-			AccessToken  string `json:"access_token"`
-			RefreshToken string `json:"refresh_token"`
-			ExpiresIn    int64  `json:"expires_in"`
-			TokenType    string `json:"token_type"`
-		}
-		if errDecode := json.NewDecoder(resp.Body).Decode(&tokenResp); errDecode != nil {
-			log.Errorf("Failed to parse token response: %v", errDecode)
-			SetOAuthSessionError(state, "Failed to parse token response")
+		email, errInfo := authSvc.FetchUserInfo(ctx, accessToken)
+		if errInfo != nil {
+			log.Errorf("Failed to fetch user info: %v", errInfo)
+			SetOAuthSessionError(state, "Failed to fetch user info")
 			return
 		}
-
-		email := ""
-		if strings.TrimSpace(tokenResp.AccessToken) != "" {
-			infoReq, errInfoReq := http.NewRequestWithContext(ctx, http.MethodGet, "https://www.googleapis.com/oauth2/v1/userinfo?alt=json", nil)
-			if errInfoReq != nil {
-				log.Errorf("Failed to build user info request: %v", errInfoReq)
-				SetOAuthSessionError(state, "Failed to build user info request")
-				return
-			}
-			infoReq.Header.Set("Authorization", "Bearer "+tokenResp.AccessToken)
-
-			infoResp, errInfo := httpClient.Do(infoReq)
-			if errInfo != nil {
-				log.Errorf("Failed to execute user info request: %v", errInfo)
-				SetOAuthSessionError(state, "Failed to execute user info request")
-				return
-			}
-			defer func() {
-				if errClose := infoResp.Body.Close(); errClose != nil {
-					log.Errorf("antigravity user info close error: %v", errClose)
-				}
-			}()
-
-			if infoResp.StatusCode >= http.StatusOK && infoResp.StatusCode < http.StatusMultipleChoices {
-				var infoPayload struct {
-					Email string `json:"email"`
-				}
-				if errDecodeInfo := json.NewDecoder(infoResp.Body).Decode(&infoPayload); errDecodeInfo == nil {
-					email = strings.TrimSpace(infoPayload.Email)
-				}
-			} else {
-				bodyBytes, _ := io.ReadAll(infoResp.Body)
-				log.Errorf("User info request failed with status %d: %s", infoResp.StatusCode, string(bodyBytes))
-				SetOAuthSessionError(state, fmt.Sprintf("User info request failed: %d", infoResp.StatusCode))
-				return
-			}
+		email = strings.TrimSpace(email)
+		if email == "" {
+			log.Error("antigravity: user info returned empty email")
+			SetOAuthSessionError(state, "Failed to fetch user info")
+			return
 		}
 
 		projectID := ""
-		if strings.TrimSpace(tokenResp.AccessToken) != "" {
-			fetchedProjectID, errProject := sdkAuth.FetchAntigravityProjectID(ctx, tokenResp.AccessToken, httpClient)
+		if accessToken != "" {
+			fetchedProjectID, errProject := authSvc.FetchProjectID(ctx, accessToken)
 			if errProject != nil {
 				log.Warnf("antigravity: failed to fetch project ID: %v", errProject)
 			} else {
@@ -1637,7 +1633,7 @@ func (h *Handler) RequestAntigravityToken(c *gin.Context) {
 			metadata["project_id"] = projectID
 		}
 
-		fileName := sanitizeAntigravityFileName(email)
+		fileName := antigravity.CredentialFileName(email)
 		label := strings.TrimSpace(email)
 		if label == "" {
 			label = "antigravity"
@@ -1701,7 +1697,7 @@ func (h *Handler) RequestQwenToken(c *gin.Context) {
 		// Create token storage
 		tokenStorage := qwenAuth.CreateTokenStorage(tokenData)
 
-		tokenStorage.Email = fmt.Sprintf("qwen-%d", time.Now().UnixMilli())
+		tokenStorage.Email = fmt.Sprintf("%d", time.Now().UnixMilli())
 		record := &coreauth.Auth{
 			ID:       fmt.Sprintf("qwen-%s.json", tokenStorage.Email),
 			Provider: "qwen",
@@ -1724,6 +1720,82 @@ func (h *Handler) RequestQwenToken(c *gin.Context) {
 	c.JSON(200, gin.H{"status": "ok", "url": authURL, "state": state})
 }
 
+func (h *Handler) RequestKimiToken(c *gin.Context) {
+	ctx := context.Background()
+
+	fmt.Println("Initializing Kimi authentication...")
+
+	state := fmt.Sprintf("kmi-%d", time.Now().UnixNano())
+	// Initialize Kimi auth service
+	kimiAuth := kimi.NewKimiAuth(h.cfg)
+
+	// Generate authorization URL
+	deviceFlow, errStartDeviceFlow := kimiAuth.StartDeviceFlow(ctx)
+	if errStartDeviceFlow != nil {
+		log.Errorf("Failed to generate authorization URL: %v", errStartDeviceFlow)
+		c.JSON(http.StatusInternalServerError, gin.H{"error": "failed to generate authorization url"})
+		return
+	}
+	authURL := deviceFlow.VerificationURIComplete
+	if authURL == "" {
+		authURL = deviceFlow.VerificationURI
+	}
+
+	RegisterOAuthSession(state, "kimi")
+
+	go func() {
+		fmt.Println("Waiting for authentication...")
+		authBundle, errWaitForAuthorization := kimiAuth.WaitForAuthorization(ctx, deviceFlow)
+		if errWaitForAuthorization != nil {
+			SetOAuthSessionError(state, "Authentication failed")
+			fmt.Printf("Authentication failed: %v\n", errWaitForAuthorization)
+			return
+		}
+
+		// Create token storage
+		tokenStorage := kimiAuth.CreateTokenStorage(authBundle)
+
+		metadata := map[string]any{
+			"type":          "kimi",
+			"access_token":  authBundle.TokenData.AccessToken,
+			"refresh_token": authBundle.TokenData.RefreshToken,
+			"token_type":    authBundle.TokenData.TokenType,
+			"scope":         authBundle.TokenData.Scope,
+			"timestamp":     time.Now().UnixMilli(),
+		}
+		if authBundle.TokenData.ExpiresAt > 0 {
+			expired := time.Unix(authBundle.TokenData.ExpiresAt, 0).UTC().Format(time.RFC3339)
+			metadata["expired"] = expired
+		}
+		if strings.TrimSpace(authBundle.DeviceID) != "" {
+			metadata["device_id"] = strings.TrimSpace(authBundle.DeviceID)
+		}
+
+		fileName := fmt.Sprintf("kimi-%d.json", time.Now().UnixMilli())
+		record := &coreauth.Auth{
+			ID:       fileName,
+			Provider: "kimi",
+			FileName: fileName,
+			Label:    "Kimi User",
+			Storage:  tokenStorage,
+			Metadata: metadata,
+		}
+		savedPath, errSave := h.saveTokenRecord(ctx, record)
+		if errSave != nil {
+			log.Errorf("Failed to save authentication tokens: %v", errSave)
+			SetOAuthSessionError(state, "Failed to save authentication tokens")
+			return
+		}
+
+		fmt.Printf("Authentication successful! Token saved to %s\n", savedPath)
+		fmt.Println("You can now use Kimi services through this CLI")
+		CompleteOAuthSession(state)
+		CompleteOAuthSessionsByProvider("kimi")
+	}()
+
+	c.JSON(200, gin.H{"status": "ok", "url": authURL, "state": state})
+}
+
 func (h *Handler) RequestIFlowToken(c *gin.Context) {
 	ctx := context.Background()
 
@@ -1806,7 +1878,7 @@ func (h *Handler) RequestIFlowToken(c *gin.Context) {
 		tokenStorage := authSvc.CreateTokenStorage(tokenData)
 		identifier := strings.TrimSpace(tokenStorage.Email)
 		if identifier == "" {
-			identifier = fmt.Sprintf("iflow-%d", time.Now().UnixMilli())
+			identifier = fmt.Sprintf("%d", time.Now().UnixMilli())
 			tokenStorage.Email = identifier
 		}
 		record := &coreauth.Auth{
@@ -1837,6 +1909,89 @@ func (h *Handler) RequestIFlowToken(c *gin.Context) {
 	c.JSON(http.StatusOK, gin.H{"status": "ok", "url": authURL, "state": state})
 }
 
+func (h *Handler) RequestGitHubToken(c *gin.Context) {
+	ctx := context.Background()
+
+	fmt.Println("Initializing GitHub Copilot authentication...")
+
+	state := fmt.Sprintf("gh-%d", time.Now().UnixNano())
+
+	// Initialize Copilot auth service
+	// We need to import "github.com/router-for-me/CLIProxyAPI/v6/internal/auth/copilot" first if not present
+	// Assuming copilot package is imported as "copilot"
+	deviceClient := copilot.NewDeviceFlowClient(h.cfg)
+
+	// Initiate device flow
+	deviceCode, err := deviceClient.RequestDeviceCode(ctx)
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Errorf("Failed to initiate device flow: %v", err)
+		c.JSON(http.StatusInternalServerError, gin.H{"error": "failed to initiate device flow"})
+		return
+	}
+
+	authURL := deviceCode.VerificationURI
+	userCode := deviceCode.UserCode
+
+	RegisterOAuthSession(state, "github")
+
+	go func() {
+		fmt.Printf("Please visit %s and enter code: %s\n", authURL, userCode)
+
+		tokenData, errPoll := deviceClient.PollForToken(ctx, deviceCode)
+		if errPoll != nil {
+			SetOAuthSessionError(state, "Authentication failed")
+			fmt.Printf("Authentication failed: %v\n", errPoll)
+			return
+		}
+
+		username, errUser := deviceClient.FetchUserInfo(ctx, tokenData.AccessToken)
+		if errUser != nil {
+			log.Warnf("Failed to fetch user info: %v", errUser)
+			username = "github-user"
+		}
+
+		tokenStorage := &copilot.CopilotTokenStorage{
+			AccessToken: tokenData.AccessToken,
+			TokenType:   tokenData.TokenType,
+			Scope:       tokenData.Scope,
+			Username:    username,
+			Type:        "github-copilot",
+		}
+
+		fileName := fmt.Sprintf("github-%s.json", username)
+		record := &coreauth.Auth{
+			ID:       fileName,
+			Provider: "github",
+			FileName: fileName,
+			Storage:  tokenStorage,
+			Metadata: map[string]any{
+				"email":    username,
+				"username": username,
+			},
+		}
+
+		savedPath, errSave := h.saveTokenRecord(ctx, record)
+		if errSave != nil {
+			log.Errorf("Failed to save authentication tokens: %v", errSave)
+			SetOAuthSessionError(state, "Failed to save authentication tokens")
+			return
+		}
+
+		fmt.Printf("Authentication successful! Token saved to %s\n", savedPath)
+		fmt.Println("You can now use GitHub Copilot services through this CLI")
+		CompleteOAuthSession(state)
+		CompleteOAuthSessionsByProvider("github")
+	}()
+
+	c.JSON(200, gin.H{
+		"status":           "ok",
+		"url":              authURL,
+		"state":            state,
+		"user_code":        userCode,
+		"verification_uri": authURL,
+	})
+}
+
 func (h *Handler) RequestIFlowCookieToken(c *gin.Context) {
 	ctx := context.Background()
 
@@ -1891,15 +2046,17 @@ func (h *Handler) RequestIFlowCookieToken(c *gin.Context) {
 	fileName := iflowauth.SanitizeIFlowFileName(email)
 	if fileName == "" {
 		fileName = fmt.Sprintf("iflow-%d", time.Now().UnixMilli())
+	} else {
+		fileName = fmt.Sprintf("iflow-%s", fileName)
 	}
 
 	tokenStorage.Email = email
 	timestamp := time.Now().Unix()
 
 	record := &coreauth.Auth{
-		ID:       fmt.Sprintf("iflow-%s-%d.json", fileName, timestamp),
+		ID:       fmt.Sprintf("%s-%d.json", fileName, timestamp),
 		Provider: "iflow",
-		FileName: fmt.Sprintf("iflow-%s-%d.json", fileName, timestamp),
+		FileName: fmt.Sprintf("%s-%d.json", fileName, timestamp),
 		Storage:  tokenStorage,
 		Metadata: map[string]any{
 			"email":        email,
@@ -2073,7 +2230,48 @@ func performGeminiCLISetup(ctx context.Context, httpClient *http.Client, storage
 		}
 	}
 	if projectID == "" {
-		return &projectSelectionRequiredError{}
+		// Auto-discovery: try onboardUser without specifying a project
+		// to let Google auto-provision one (matches Gemini CLI headless behavior
+		// and Antigravity's FetchProjectID pattern).
+		autoOnboardReq := map[string]any{
+			"tierId":   tierID,
+			"metadata": metadata,
+		}
+
+		autoCtx, autoCancel := context.WithTimeout(ctx, 30*time.Second)
+		defer autoCancel()
+		for attempt := 1; ; attempt++ {
+			var onboardResp map[string]any
+			if errOnboard := callGeminiCLI(autoCtx, httpClient, "onboardUser", autoOnboardReq, &onboardResp); errOnboard != nil {
+				return fmt.Errorf("auto-discovery onboardUser: %w", errOnboard)
+			}
+
+			if done, okDone := onboardResp["done"].(bool); okDone && done {
+				if resp, okResp := onboardResp["response"].(map[string]any); okResp {
+					switch v := resp["cloudaicompanionProject"].(type) {
+					case string:
+						projectID = strings.TrimSpace(v)
+					case map[string]any:
+						if id, okID := v["id"].(string); okID {
+							projectID = strings.TrimSpace(id)
+						}
+					}
+				}
+				break
+			}
+
+			log.Debugf("Auto-discovery: onboarding in progress, attempt %d...", attempt)
+			select {
+			case <-autoCtx.Done():
+				return &projectSelectionRequiredError{}
+			case <-time.After(2 * time.Second):
+			}
+		}
+
+		if projectID == "" {
+			return &projectSelectionRequiredError{}
+		}
+		log.Infof("Auto-discovered project ID via onboarding: %s", projectID)
 	}
 
 	onboardReqBody := map[string]any{
@@ -2106,7 +2304,20 @@ func performGeminiCLISetup(ctx context.Context, httpClient *http.Client, storage
 			finalProjectID := projectID
 			if responseProjectID != "" {
 				if explicitProject && !strings.EqualFold(responseProjectID, projectID) {
-					log.Warnf("Gemini onboarding returned project %s instead of requested %s; keeping requested project ID.", responseProjectID, projectID)
+					// Check if this is a free user (gen-lang-client projects or free/legacy tier)
+					isFreeUser := strings.HasPrefix(projectID, "gen-lang-client-") ||
+						strings.EqualFold(tierID, "FREE") ||
+						strings.EqualFold(tierID, "LEGACY")
+
+					if isFreeUser {
+						// For free users, use backend project ID for preview model access
+						log.Infof("Gemini onboarding: frontend project %s maps to backend project %s", projectID, responseProjectID)
+						log.Infof("Using backend project ID: %s (recommended for preview model access)", responseProjectID)
+						finalProjectID = responseProjectID
+					} else {
+						// Pro users: keep requested project ID (original behavior)
+						log.Warnf("Gemini onboarding returned project %s instead of requested %s; keeping requested project ID.", responseProjectID, projectID)
+					}
 				} else {
 					finalProjectID = responseProjectID
 				}
@@ -2604,3 +2815,88 @@ func generateKiroPKCE() (verifier, challenge string, err error) {
 
 	return verifier, challenge, nil
 }
+
+func (h *Handler) RequestKiloToken(c *gin.Context) {
+	ctx := context.Background()
+
+	fmt.Println("Initializing Kilo authentication...")
+
+	state := fmt.Sprintf("kil-%d", time.Now().UnixNano())
+	kilocodeAuth := kilo.NewKiloAuth()
+
+	resp, err := kilocodeAuth.InitiateDeviceFlow(ctx)
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Errorf("Failed to initiate device flow: %v", err)
+		c.JSON(http.StatusInternalServerError, gin.H{"error": "failed to initiate device flow"})
+		return
+	}
+
+	RegisterOAuthSession(state, "kilo")
+
+	go func() {
+		fmt.Printf("Please visit %s and enter code: %s\n", resp.VerificationURL, resp.Code)
+
+		status, err := kilocodeAuth.PollForToken(ctx, resp.Code)
+		if err != nil {
+			SetOAuthSessionError(state, "Authentication failed")
+			fmt.Printf("Authentication failed: %v\n", err)
+			return
+		}
+
+		profile, err := kilocodeAuth.GetProfile(ctx, status.Token)
+		if err != nil {
+			log.Warnf("Failed to fetch profile: %v", err)
+			profile = &kilo.Profile{Email: status.UserEmail}
+		}
+
+		var orgID string
+		if len(profile.Orgs) > 0 {
+			orgID = profile.Orgs[0].ID
+		}
+
+		defaults, err := kilocodeAuth.GetDefaults(ctx, status.Token, orgID)
+		if err != nil {
+			defaults = &kilo.Defaults{}
+		}
+
+		ts := &kilo.KiloTokenStorage{
+			Token:          status.Token,
+			OrganizationID: orgID,
+			Model:          defaults.Model,
+			Email:          status.UserEmail,
+			Type:           "kilo",
+		}
+
+		fileName := kilo.CredentialFileName(status.UserEmail)
+		record := &coreauth.Auth{
+			ID:       fileName,
+			Provider: "kilo",
+			FileName: fileName,
+			Storage:  ts,
+			Metadata: map[string]any{
+				"email":           status.UserEmail,
+				"organization_id": orgID,
+				"model":          defaults.Model,
+			},
+		}
+
+		savedPath, errSave := h.saveTokenRecord(ctx, record)
+		if errSave != nil {
+			log.Errorf("Failed to save authentication tokens: %v", errSave)
+			SetOAuthSessionError(state, "Failed to save authentication tokens")
+			return
+		}
+
+		fmt.Printf("Authentication successful! Token saved to %s\n", savedPath)
+		CompleteOAuthSession(state)
+		CompleteOAuthSessionsByProvider("kilo")
+	}()
+
+	c.JSON(200, gin.H{
+		"status":           "ok",
+		"url":              resp.VerificationURL,
+		"state":            state,
+		"user_code":        resp.Code,
+		"verification_uri": resp.VerificationURL,
+	})
+}

internal/api/handlers/management/config_basic.go

@@ -28,8 +28,7 @@ func (h *Handler) GetConfig(c *gin.Context) {
 		c.JSON(200, gin.H{})
 		return
 	}
-	cfgCopy := *h.cfg
-	c.JSON(200, &cfgCopy)
+	c.JSON(200, new(*h.cfg))
 }
 
 type releaseInfo struct {
@@ -222,6 +221,26 @@ func (h *Handler) PutLogsMaxTotalSizeMB(c *gin.Context) {
 	h.persist(c)
 }
 
+// ErrorLogsMaxFiles
+func (h *Handler) GetErrorLogsMaxFiles(c *gin.Context) {
+	c.JSON(200, gin.H{"error-logs-max-files": h.cfg.ErrorLogsMaxFiles})
+}
+func (h *Handler) PutErrorLogsMaxFiles(c *gin.Context) {
+	var body struct {
+		Value *int `json:"value"`
+	}
+	if errBindJSON := c.ShouldBindJSON(&body); errBindJSON != nil || body.Value == nil {
+		c.JSON(http.StatusBadRequest, gin.H{"error": "invalid body"})
+		return
+	}
+	value := *body.Value
+	if value < 0 {
+		value = 10
+	}
+	h.cfg.ErrorLogsMaxFiles = value
+	h.persist(c)
+}
+
 // Request log
 func (h *Handler) GetRequestLog(c *gin.Context) { c.JSON(200, gin.H{"request-log": h.cfg.RequestLog}) }
 func (h *Handler) PutRequestLog(c *gin.Context) {

internal/api/handlers/management/config_lists.go

@@ -109,14 +109,13 @@ func (h *Handler) GetAPIKeys(c *gin.Context) { c.JSON(200, gin.H{"api-keys": h.c
 func (h *Handler) PutAPIKeys(c *gin.Context) {
 	h.putStringList(c, func(v []string) {
 		h.cfg.APIKeys = append([]string(nil), v...)
-		h.cfg.Access.Providers = nil
 	}, nil)
 }
 func (h *Handler) PatchAPIKeys(c *gin.Context) {
-	h.patchStringList(c, &h.cfg.APIKeys, func() { h.cfg.Access.Providers = nil })
+	h.patchStringList(c, &h.cfg.APIKeys, func() {})
 }
 func (h *Handler) DeleteAPIKeys(c *gin.Context) {
-	h.deleteFromStringList(c, &h.cfg.APIKeys, func() { h.cfg.Access.Providers = nil })
+	h.deleteFromStringList(c, &h.cfg.APIKeys, func() {})
 }
 
 // gemini-api-key: []GeminiKey
@@ -703,21 +702,21 @@ func (h *Handler) DeleteOAuthExcludedModels(c *gin.Context) {
 	h.persist(c)
 }
 
-// oauth-model-mappings: map[string][]ModelNameMapping
-func (h *Handler) GetOAuthModelMappings(c *gin.Context) {
-	c.JSON(200, gin.H{"oauth-model-mappings": sanitizedOAuthModelMappings(h.cfg.OAuthModelMappings)})
+// oauth-model-alias: map[string][]OAuthModelAlias
+func (h *Handler) GetOAuthModelAlias(c *gin.Context) {
+	c.JSON(200, gin.H{"oauth-model-alias": sanitizedOAuthModelAlias(h.cfg.OAuthModelAlias)})
 }
 
-func (h *Handler) PutOAuthModelMappings(c *gin.Context) {
+func (h *Handler) PutOAuthModelAlias(c *gin.Context) {
 	data, err := c.GetRawData()
 	if err != nil {
 		c.JSON(400, gin.H{"error": "failed to read body"})
 		return
 	}
-	var entries map[string][]config.ModelNameMapping
+	var entries map[string][]config.OAuthModelAlias
 	if err = json.Unmarshal(data, &entries); err != nil {
 		var wrapper struct {
-			Items map[string][]config.ModelNameMapping `json:"items"`
+			Items map[string][]config.OAuthModelAlias `json:"items"`
 		}
 		if err2 := json.Unmarshal(data, &wrapper); err2 != nil {
 			c.JSON(400, gin.H{"error": "invalid body"})
@@ -725,15 +724,15 @@ func (h *Handler) PutOAuthModelMappings(c *gin.Context) {
 		}
 		entries = wrapper.Items
 	}
-	h.cfg.OAuthModelMappings = sanitizedOAuthModelMappings(entries)
+	h.cfg.OAuthModelAlias = sanitizedOAuthModelAlias(entries)
 	h.persist(c)
 }
 
-func (h *Handler) PatchOAuthModelMappings(c *gin.Context) {
+func (h *Handler) PatchOAuthModelAlias(c *gin.Context) {
 	var body struct {
-		Provider *string                   `json:"provider"`
-		Channel  *string                   `json:"channel"`
-		Mappings []config.ModelNameMapping `json:"mappings"`
+		Provider *string                  `json:"provider"`
+		Channel  *string                  `json:"channel"`
+		Aliases  []config.OAuthModelAlias `json:"aliases"`
 	}
 	if errBindJSON := c.ShouldBindJSON(&body); errBindJSON != nil {
 		c.JSON(400, gin.H{"error": "invalid body"})
@@ -751,32 +750,36 @@ func (h *Handler) PatchOAuthModelMappings(c *gin.Context) {
 		return
 	}
 
-	normalizedMap := sanitizedOAuthModelMappings(map[string][]config.ModelNameMapping{channel: body.Mappings})
+	normalizedMap := sanitizedOAuthModelAlias(map[string][]config.OAuthModelAlias{channel: body.Aliases})
 	normalized := normalizedMap[channel]
 	if len(normalized) == 0 {
-		if h.cfg.OAuthModelMappings == nil {
-			c.JSON(404, gin.H{"error": "channel not found"})
-			return
+		// Only delete if channel exists, otherwise just create empty entry
+		if h.cfg.OAuthModelAlias != nil {
+			if _, ok := h.cfg.OAuthModelAlias[channel]; ok {
+				delete(h.cfg.OAuthModelAlias, channel)
+				if len(h.cfg.OAuthModelAlias) == 0 {
+					h.cfg.OAuthModelAlias = nil
+				}
+				h.persist(c)
+				return
+			}
 		}
-		if _, ok := h.cfg.OAuthModelMappings[channel]; !ok {
-			c.JSON(404, gin.H{"error": "channel not found"})
-			return
-		}
-		delete(h.cfg.OAuthModelMappings, channel)
-		if len(h.cfg.OAuthModelMappings) == 0 {
-			h.cfg.OAuthModelMappings = nil
+		// Create new channel with empty aliases
+		if h.cfg.OAuthModelAlias == nil {
+			h.cfg.OAuthModelAlias = make(map[string][]config.OAuthModelAlias)
 		}
+		h.cfg.OAuthModelAlias[channel] = []config.OAuthModelAlias{}
 		h.persist(c)
 		return
 	}
-	if h.cfg.OAuthModelMappings == nil {
-		h.cfg.OAuthModelMappings = make(map[string][]config.ModelNameMapping)
+	if h.cfg.OAuthModelAlias == nil {
+		h.cfg.OAuthModelAlias = make(map[string][]config.OAuthModelAlias)
 	}
-	h.cfg.OAuthModelMappings[channel] = normalized
+	h.cfg.OAuthModelAlias[channel] = normalized
 	h.persist(c)
 }
 
-func (h *Handler) DeleteOAuthModelMappings(c *gin.Context) {
+func (h *Handler) DeleteOAuthModelAlias(c *gin.Context) {
 	channel := strings.ToLower(strings.TrimSpace(c.Query("channel")))
 	if channel == "" {
 		channel = strings.ToLower(strings.TrimSpace(c.Query("provider")))
@@ -785,18 +788,18 @@ func (h *Handler) DeleteOAuthModelMappings(c *gin.Context) {
 		c.JSON(400, gin.H{"error": "missing channel"})
 		return
 	}
-	if h.cfg.OAuthModelMappings == nil {
+	if h.cfg.OAuthModelAlias == nil {
 		c.JSON(404, gin.H{"error": "channel not found"})
 		return
 	}
-	if _, ok := h.cfg.OAuthModelMappings[channel]; !ok {
+	if _, ok := h.cfg.OAuthModelAlias[channel]; !ok {
 		c.JSON(404, gin.H{"error": "channel not found"})
 		return
 	}
-	delete(h.cfg.OAuthModelMappings, channel)
-	if len(h.cfg.OAuthModelMappings) == 0 {
-		h.cfg.OAuthModelMappings = nil
-	}
+	// Set to nil instead of deleting the key so that the "explicitly disabled"
+	// marker survives config reload and prevents SanitizeOAuthModelAlias from
+	// re-injecting default aliases (fixes #222).
+	h.cfg.OAuthModelAlias[channel] = nil
 	h.persist(c)
 }
 
@@ -1042,26 +1045,26 @@ func normalizeVertexCompatKey(entry *config.VertexCompatKey) {
 	entry.Models = normalized
 }
 
-func sanitizedOAuthModelMappings(entries map[string][]config.ModelNameMapping) map[string][]config.ModelNameMapping {
+func sanitizedOAuthModelAlias(entries map[string][]config.OAuthModelAlias) map[string][]config.OAuthModelAlias {
 	if len(entries) == 0 {
 		return nil
 	}
-	copied := make(map[string][]config.ModelNameMapping, len(entries))
-	for channel, mappings := range entries {
-		if len(mappings) == 0 {
+	copied := make(map[string][]config.OAuthModelAlias, len(entries))
+	for channel, aliases := range entries {
+		if len(aliases) == 0 {
 			continue
 		}
-		copied[channel] = append([]config.ModelNameMapping(nil), mappings...)
+		copied[channel] = append([]config.OAuthModelAlias(nil), aliases...)
 	}
 	if len(copied) == 0 {
 		return nil
 	}
-	cfg := config.Config{OAuthModelMappings: copied}
-	cfg.SanitizeOAuthModelMappings()
-	if len(cfg.OAuthModelMappings) == 0 {
+	cfg := config.Config{OAuthModelAlias: copied}
+	cfg.SanitizeOAuthModelAlias()
+	if len(cfg.OAuthModelAlias) == 0 {
 		return nil
 	}
-	return cfg.OAuthModelMappings
+	return cfg.OAuthModelAlias
 }
 
 // GetAmpCode returns the complete ampcode configuration.

internal/api/handlers/management/handler.go

@@ -24,8 +24,15 @@ import (
 type attemptInfo struct {
 	count        int
 	blockedUntil time.Time
+	lastActivity time.Time // track last activity for cleanup
 }
 
+// attemptCleanupInterval controls how often stale IP entries are purged
+const attemptCleanupInterval = 1 * time.Hour
+
+// attemptMaxIdleTime controls how long an IP can be idle before cleanup
+const attemptMaxIdleTime = 2 * time.Hour
+
 // Handler aggregates config reference, persistence path and helpers.
 type Handler struct {
 	cfg                 *config.Config
@@ -47,7 +54,7 @@ func NewHandler(cfg *config.Config, configFilePath string, manager *coreauth.Man
 	envSecret, _ := os.LookupEnv("MANAGEMENT_PASSWORD")
 	envSecret = strings.TrimSpace(envSecret)
 
-	return &Handler{
+	h := &Handler{
 		cfg:                 cfg,
 		configFilePath:      configFilePath,
 		failedAttempts:      make(map[string]*attemptInfo),
@@ -57,6 +64,38 @@ func NewHandler(cfg *config.Config, configFilePath string, manager *coreauth.Man
 		allowRemoteOverride: envSecret != "",
 		envSecret:           envSecret,
 	}
+	h.startAttemptCleanup()
+	return h
+}
+
+// startAttemptCleanup launches a background goroutine that periodically
+// removes stale IP entries from failedAttempts to prevent memory leaks.
+func (h *Handler) startAttemptCleanup() {
+	go func() {
+		ticker := time.NewTicker(attemptCleanupInterval)
+		defer ticker.Stop()
+		for range ticker.C {
+			h.purgeStaleAttempts()
+		}
+	}()
+}
+
+// purgeStaleAttempts removes IP entries that have been idle beyond attemptMaxIdleTime
+// and whose ban (if any) has expired.
+func (h *Handler) purgeStaleAttempts() {
+	now := time.Now()
+	h.attemptsMu.Lock()
+	defer h.attemptsMu.Unlock()
+	for ip, ai := range h.failedAttempts {
+		// Skip if still banned
+		if !ai.blockedUntil.IsZero() && now.Before(ai.blockedUntil) {
+			continue
+		}
+		// Remove if idle too long
+		if now.Sub(ai.lastActivity) > attemptMaxIdleTime {
+			delete(h.failedAttempts, ip)
+		}
+	}
 }
 
 // NewHandler creates a new management handler instance.
@@ -149,6 +188,7 @@ func (h *Handler) Middleware() gin.HandlerFunc {
 					h.failedAttempts[clientIP] = aip
 				}
 				aip.count++
+				aip.lastActivity = time.Now()
 				if aip.count >= maxFailures {
 					aip.blockedUntil = time.Now().Add(banDuration)
 					aip.count = 0

internal/api/handlers/management/logs.go

@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ import (
 	"time"
 
 	"github.com/gin-gonic/gin"
-	"github.com/router-for-me/CLIProxyAPI/v6/internal/util"
+	"github.com/router-for-me/CLIProxyAPI/v6/internal/logging"
 )
 
 const (
@@ -360,16 +360,7 @@ func (h *Handler) logDirectory() string {
 	if h.logDir != "" {
 		return h.logDir
 	}
-	if base := util.WritablePath(); base != "" {
-		return filepath.Join(base, "logs")
-	}
-	if h.configFilePath != "" {
-		dir := filepath.Dir(h.configFilePath)
-		if dir != "" && dir != "." {
-			return filepath.Join(dir, "logs")
-		}
-	}
-	return "logs"
+	return logging.ResolveLogDirectory(h.cfg)
 }
 
 func (h *Handler) collectLogFiles(dir string) ([]string, error) {

internal/api/handlers/management/model_definitions.go

@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+package management
+
+import (
+	"net/http"
+	"strings"
+
+	"github.com/gin-gonic/gin"
+	"github.com/router-for-me/CLIProxyAPI/v6/internal/registry"
+)
+
+// GetStaticModelDefinitions returns static model metadata for a given channel.
+// Channel is provided via path param (:channel) or query param (?channel=...).
+func (h *Handler) GetStaticModelDefinitions(c *gin.Context) {
+	channel := strings.TrimSpace(c.Param("channel"))
+	if channel == "" {
+		channel = strings.TrimSpace(c.Query("channel"))
+	}
+	if channel == "" {
+		c.JSON(http.StatusBadRequest, gin.H{"error": "channel is required"})
+		return
+	}
+
+	models := registry.GetStaticModelDefinitionsByChannel(channel)
+	if models == nil {
+		c.JSON(http.StatusBadRequest, gin.H{"error": "unknown channel", "channel": channel})
+		return
+	}
+
+	c.JSON(http.StatusOK, gin.H{
+		"channel": strings.ToLower(strings.TrimSpace(channel)),
+		"models":  models,
+	})
+}

internal/api/handlers/management/oauth_sessions.go

@@ -238,6 +238,8 @@ func NormalizeOAuthProvider(provider string) (string, error) {
 		return "qwen", nil
 	case "kiro":
 		return "kiro", nil
+	case "github":
+		return "github", nil
 	default:
 		return "", errUnsupportedOAuthFlow
 	}

internal/api/middleware/request_logging.go

@@ -8,16 +8,19 @@ import (
 	"io"
 	"net/http"
 	"strings"
+	"time"
 
 	"github.com/gin-gonic/gin"
 	"github.com/router-for-me/CLIProxyAPI/v6/internal/logging"
 	"github.com/router-for-me/CLIProxyAPI/v6/internal/util"
 )
 
+const maxErrorOnlyCapturedRequestBodyBytes int64 = 1 << 20 // 1 MiB
+
 // RequestLoggingMiddleware creates a Gin middleware that logs HTTP requests and responses.
 // It captures detailed information about the request and response, including headers and body,
-// and uses the provided RequestLogger to record this data. When logging is disabled in the
-// logger, it still captures data so that upstream errors can be persisted.
+// and uses the provided RequestLogger to record this data. When full request logging is disabled,
+// body capture is limited to small known-size payloads to avoid large per-request memory spikes.
 func RequestLoggingMiddleware(logger logging.RequestLogger) gin.HandlerFunc {
 	return func(c *gin.Context) {
 		if logger == nil {
@@ -25,7 +28,7 @@ func RequestLoggingMiddleware(logger logging.RequestLogger) gin.HandlerFunc {
 			return
 		}
 
-		if c.Request.Method == http.MethodGet {
+		if shouldSkipMethodForRequestLogging(c.Request) {
 			c.Next()
 			return
 		}
@@ -36,8 +39,10 @@ func RequestLoggingMiddleware(logger logging.RequestLogger) gin.HandlerFunc {
 			return
 		}
 
+		loggerEnabled := logger.IsEnabled()
+
 		// Capture request information
-		requestInfo, err := captureRequestInfo(c)
+		requestInfo, err := captureRequestInfo(c, shouldCaptureRequestBody(loggerEnabled, c.Request))
 		if err != nil {
 			// Log error but continue processing
 			// In a real implementation, you might want to use a proper logger here
@@ -47,7 +52,7 @@ func RequestLoggingMiddleware(logger logging.RequestLogger) gin.HandlerFunc {
 
 		// Create response writer wrapper
 		wrapper := NewResponseWriterWrapper(c.Writer, logger, requestInfo)
-		if !logger.IsEnabled() {
+		if !loggerEnabled {
 			wrapper.logOnErrorOnly = true
 		}
 		c.Writer = wrapper
@@ -63,10 +68,47 @@ func RequestLoggingMiddleware(logger logging.RequestLogger) gin.HandlerFunc {
 	}
 }
 
+func shouldSkipMethodForRequestLogging(req *http.Request) bool {
+	if req == nil {
+		return true
+	}
+	if req.Method != http.MethodGet {
+		return false
+	}
+	return !isResponsesWebsocketUpgrade(req)
+}
+
+func isResponsesWebsocketUpgrade(req *http.Request) bool {
+	if req == nil || req.URL == nil {
+		return false
+	}
+	if req.URL.Path != "/v1/responses" {
+		return false
+	}
+	return strings.EqualFold(strings.TrimSpace(req.Header.Get("Upgrade")), "websocket")
+}
+
+func shouldCaptureRequestBody(loggerEnabled bool, req *http.Request) bool {
+	if loggerEnabled {
+		return true
+	}
+	if req == nil || req.Body == nil {
+		return false
+	}
+	contentType := strings.ToLower(strings.TrimSpace(req.Header.Get("Content-Type")))
+	if strings.HasPrefix(contentType, "multipart/form-data") {
+		return false
+	}
+	if req.ContentLength <= 0 {
+		return false
+	}
+	return req.ContentLength <= maxErrorOnlyCapturedRequestBodyBytes
+}
+
 // captureRequestInfo extracts relevant information from the incoming HTTP request.
 // It captures the URL, method, headers, and body. The request body is read and then
 // restored so that it can be processed by subsequent handlers.
-func captureRequestInfo(c *gin.Context) (*RequestInfo, error) {
+func captureRequestInfo(c *gin.Context, captureBody bool) (*RequestInfo, error) {
 	// Capture URL with sensitive query parameters masked
 	maskedQuery := util.MaskSensitiveQuery(c.Request.URL.RawQuery)
 	url := c.Request.URL.Path
@@ -85,7 +127,7 @@ func captureRequestInfo(c *gin.Context) (*RequestInfo, error) {
 
 	// Capture request body
 	var body []byte
-	if c.Request.Body != nil {
+	if captureBody && c.Request.Body != nil {
 		// Read the body
 		bodyBytes, err := io.ReadAll(c.Request.Body)
 		if err != nil {
@@ -103,6 +145,7 @@ func captureRequestInfo(c *gin.Context) (*RequestInfo, error) {
 		Headers:   headers,
 		Body:      body,
 		RequestID: logging.GetGinRequestID(c),
+		Timestamp: time.Now(),
 	}, nil
 }
 

internal/api/middleware/request_logging_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,138 @@
+package middleware
+
+import (
+	"io"
+	"net/http"
+	"net/url"
+	"strings"
+	"testing"
+)
+
+func TestShouldSkipMethodForRequestLogging(t *testing.T) {
+	tests := []struct {
+		name string
+		req  *http.Request
+		skip bool
+	}{
+		{
+			name: "nil request",
+			req:  nil,
+			skip: true,
+		},
+		{
+			name: "post request should not skip",
+			req: &http.Request{
+				Method: http.MethodPost,
+				URL:    &url.URL{Path: "/v1/responses"},
+			},
+			skip: false,
+		},
+		{
+			name: "plain get should skip",
+			req: &http.Request{
+				Method: http.MethodGet,
+				URL:    &url.URL{Path: "/v1/models"},
+				Header: http.Header{},
+			},
+			skip: true,
+		},
+		{
+			name: "responses websocket upgrade should not skip",
+			req: &http.Request{
+				Method: http.MethodGet,
+				URL:    &url.URL{Path: "/v1/responses"},
+				Header: http.Header{"Upgrade": []string{"websocket"}},
+			},
+			skip: false,
+		},
+		{
+			name: "responses get without upgrade should skip",
+			req: &http.Request{
+				Method: http.MethodGet,
+				URL:    &url.URL{Path: "/v1/responses"},
+				Header: http.Header{},
+			},
+			skip: true,
+		},
+	}
+
+	for i := range tests {
+		got := shouldSkipMethodForRequestLogging(tests[i].req)
+		if got != tests[i].skip {
+			t.Fatalf("%s: got skip=%t, want %t", tests[i].name, got, tests[i].skip)
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+func TestShouldCaptureRequestBody(t *testing.T) {
+	tests := []struct {
+		name          string
+		loggerEnabled bool
+		req           *http.Request
+		want          bool
+	}{
+		{
+			name:          "logger enabled always captures",
+			loggerEnabled: true,
+			req: &http.Request{
+				Body:          io.NopCloser(strings.NewReader("{}")),
+				ContentLength: -1,
+				Header:        http.Header{"Content-Type": []string{"application/json"}},
+			},
+			want: true,
+		},
+		{
+			name:          "nil request",
+			loggerEnabled: false,
+			req:           nil,
+			want:          false,
+		},
+		{
+			name:          "small known size json in error-only mode",
+			loggerEnabled: false,
+			req: &http.Request{
+				Body:          io.NopCloser(strings.NewReader("{}")),
+				ContentLength: 2,
+				Header:        http.Header{"Content-Type": []string{"application/json"}},
+			},
+			want: true,
+		},
+		{
+			name:          "large known size skipped in error-only mode",
+			loggerEnabled: false,
+			req: &http.Request{
+				Body:          io.NopCloser(strings.NewReader("x")),
+				ContentLength: maxErrorOnlyCapturedRequestBodyBytes + 1,
+				Header:        http.Header{"Content-Type": []string{"application/json"}},
+			},
+			want: false,
+		},
+		{
+			name:          "unknown size skipped in error-only mode",
+			loggerEnabled: false,
+			req: &http.Request{
+				Body:          io.NopCloser(strings.NewReader("x")),
+				ContentLength: -1,
+				Header:        http.Header{"Content-Type": []string{"application/json"}},
+			},
+			want: false,
+		},
+		{
+			name:          "multipart skipped in error-only mode",
+			loggerEnabled: false,
+			req: &http.Request{
+				Body:          io.NopCloser(strings.NewReader("x")),
+				ContentLength: 1,
+				Header:        http.Header{"Content-Type": []string{"multipart/form-data; boundary=abc"}},
+			},
+			want: false,
+		},
+	}
+
+	for i := range tests {
+		got := shouldCaptureRequestBody(tests[i].loggerEnabled, tests[i].req)
+		if got != tests[i].want {
+			t.Fatalf("%s: got %t, want %t", tests[i].name, got, tests[i].want)
+		}
+	}
+}

internal/api/middleware/response_writer.go

@@ -7,12 +7,15 @@ import (
 	"bytes"
 	"net/http"
 	"strings"
+	"time"
 
 	"github.com/gin-gonic/gin"
 	"github.com/router-for-me/CLIProxyAPI/v6/internal/interfaces"
 	"github.com/router-for-me/CLIProxyAPI/v6/internal/logging"
 )
 
+const requestBodyOverrideContextKey = "REQUEST_BODY_OVERRIDE"
+
 // RequestInfo holds essential details of an incoming HTTP request for logging purposes.
 type RequestInfo struct {
 	URL       string              // URL is the request URL.
@@ -20,22 +23,24 @@ type RequestInfo struct {
 	Headers   map[string][]string // Headers contains the request headers.
 	Body      []byte              // Body is the raw request body.
 	RequestID string              // RequestID is the unique identifier for the request.
+	Timestamp time.Time           // Timestamp is when the request was received.
 }
 
 // ResponseWriterWrapper wraps the standard gin.ResponseWriter to intercept and log response data.
 // It is designed to handle both standard and streaming responses, ensuring that logging operations do not block the client response.
 type ResponseWriterWrapper struct {
 	gin.ResponseWriter
-	body           *bytes.Buffer              // body is a buffer to store the response body for non-streaming responses.
-	isStreaming    bool                       // isStreaming indicates whether the response is a streaming type (e.g., text/event-stream).
-	streamWriter   logging.StreamingLogWriter // streamWriter is a writer for handling streaming log entries.
-	chunkChannel   chan []byte                // chunkChannel is a channel for asynchronously passing response chunks to the logger.
-	streamDone     chan struct{}              // streamDone signals when the streaming goroutine completes.
-	logger         logging.RequestLogger      // logger is the instance of the request logger service.
-	requestInfo    *RequestInfo               // requestInfo holds the details of the original request.
-	statusCode     int                        // statusCode stores the HTTP status code of the response.
-	headers        map[string][]string        // headers stores the response headers.
-	logOnErrorOnly bool                       // logOnErrorOnly enables logging only when an error response is detected.
+	body                *bytes.Buffer              // body is a buffer to store the response body for non-streaming responses.
+	isStreaming         bool                       // isStreaming indicates whether the response is a streaming type (e.g., text/event-stream).
+	streamWriter        logging.StreamingLogWriter // streamWriter is a writer for handling streaming log entries.
+	chunkChannel        chan []byte                // chunkChannel is a channel for asynchronously passing response chunks to the logger.
+	streamDone          chan struct{}              // streamDone signals when the streaming goroutine completes.
+	logger              logging.RequestLogger      // logger is the instance of the request logger service.
+	requestInfo         *RequestInfo               // requestInfo holds the details of the original request.
+	statusCode          int                        // statusCode stores the HTTP status code of the response.
+	headers             map[string][]string        // headers stores the response headers.
+	logOnErrorOnly      bool                       // logOnErrorOnly enables logging only when an error response is detected.
+	firstChunkTimestamp time.Time                  // firstChunkTimestamp captures TTFB for streaming responses.
 }
 
 // NewResponseWriterWrapper creates and initializes a new ResponseWriterWrapper.
@@ -73,6 +78,10 @@ func (w *ResponseWriterWrapper) Write(data []byte) (int, error) {
 
 	// THEN: Handle logging based on response type
 	if w.isStreaming && w.chunkChannel != nil {
+		// Capture TTFB on first chunk (synchronous, before async channel send)
+		if w.firstChunkTimestamp.IsZero() {
+			w.firstChunkTimestamp = time.Now()
+		}
 		// For streaming responses: Send to async logging channel (non-blocking)
 		select {
 		case w.chunkChannel <- append([]byte(nil), data...): // Non-blocking send with copy
@@ -117,6 +126,10 @@ func (w *ResponseWriterWrapper) WriteString(data string) (int, error) {
 
 	// THEN: Capture for logging
 	if w.isStreaming && w.chunkChannel != nil {
+		// Capture TTFB on first chunk (synchronous, before async channel send)
+		if w.firstChunkTimestamp.IsZero() {
+			w.firstChunkTimestamp = time.Now()
+		}
 		select {
 		case w.chunkChannel <- []byte(data):
 		default:
@@ -212,8 +225,8 @@ func (w *ResponseWriterWrapper) detectStreaming(contentType string) bool {
 
 	// Only fall back to request payload hints when Content-Type is not set yet.
 	if w.requestInfo != nil && len(w.requestInfo.Body) > 0 {
-		bodyStr := string(w.requestInfo.Body)
-		return strings.Contains(bodyStr, `"stream": true`) || strings.Contains(bodyStr, `"stream":true`)
+		return bytes.Contains(w.requestInfo.Body, []byte(`"stream": true`)) ||
+			bytes.Contains(w.requestInfo.Body, []byte(`"stream":true`))
 	}
 
 	return false
@@ -280,6 +293,8 @@ func (w *ResponseWriterWrapper) Finalize(c *gin.Context) error {
 			w.streamDone = nil
 		}
 
+		w.streamWriter.SetFirstChunkTimestamp(w.firstChunkTimestamp)
+
 		// Write API Request and Response to the streaming log before closing
 		apiRequest := w.extractAPIRequest(c)
 		if len(apiRequest) > 0 {
@@ -297,7 +312,7 @@ func (w *ResponseWriterWrapper) Finalize(c *gin.Context) error {
 		return nil
 	}
 
-	return w.logRequest(finalStatusCode, w.cloneHeaders(), w.body.Bytes(), w.extractAPIRequest(c), w.extractAPIResponse(c), slicesAPIResponseError, forceLog)
+	return w.logRequest(w.extractRequestBody(c), finalStatusCode, w.cloneHeaders(), w.body.Bytes(), w.extractAPIRequest(c), w.extractAPIResponse(c), w.extractAPIResponseTimestamp(c), slicesAPIResponseError, forceLog)
 }
 
 func (w *ResponseWriterWrapper) cloneHeaders() map[string][]string {
@@ -337,18 +352,45 @@ func (w *ResponseWriterWrapper) extractAPIResponse(c *gin.Context) []byte {
 	return data
 }
 
-func (w *ResponseWriterWrapper) logRequest(statusCode int, headers map[string][]string, body []byte, apiRequestBody, apiResponseBody []byte, apiResponseErrors []*interfaces.ErrorMessage, forceLog bool) error {
+func (w *ResponseWriterWrapper) extractAPIResponseTimestamp(c *gin.Context) time.Time {
+	ts, isExist := c.Get("API_RESPONSE_TIMESTAMP")
+	if !isExist {
+		return time.Time{}
+	}
+	if t, ok := ts.(time.Time); ok {
+		return t
+	}
+	return time.Time{}
+}
+
+func (w *ResponseWriterWrapper) extractRequestBody(c *gin.Context) []byte {
+	if c != nil {
+		if bodyOverride, isExist := c.Get(requestBodyOverrideContextKey); isExist {
+			switch value := bodyOverride.(type) {
+			case []byte:
+				if len(value) > 0 {
+					return bytes.Clone(value)
+				}
+			case string:
+				if strings.TrimSpace(value) != "" {
+					return []byte(value)
+				}
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	if w.requestInfo != nil && len(w.requestInfo.Body) > 0 {
+		return w.requestInfo.Body
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (w *ResponseWriterWrapper) logRequest(requestBody []byte, statusCode int, headers map[string][]string, body []byte, apiRequestBody, apiResponseBody []byte, apiResponseTimestamp time.Time, apiResponseErrors []*interfaces.ErrorMessage, forceLog bool) error {
 	if w.requestInfo == nil {
 		return nil
 	}
 
-	var requestBody []byte
-	if len(w.requestInfo.Body) > 0 {
-		requestBody = w.requestInfo.Body
-	}
-
 	if loggerWithOptions, ok := w.logger.(interface {
-		LogRequestWithOptions(string, string, map[string][]string, []byte, int, map[string][]string, []byte, []byte, []byte, []*interfaces.ErrorMessage, bool, string) error
+		LogRequestWithOptions(string, string, map[string][]string, []byte, int, map[string][]string, []byte, []byte, []byte, []*interfaces.ErrorMessage, bool, string, time.Time, time.Time) error
 	}); ok {
 		return loggerWithOptions.LogRequestWithOptions(
 			w.requestInfo.URL,
@@ -363,6 +405,8 @@ func (w *ResponseWriterWrapper) logRequest(statusCode int, headers map[string][]
 			apiResponseErrors,
 			forceLog,
 			w.requestInfo.RequestID,
+			w.requestInfo.Timestamp,
+			apiResponseTimestamp,
 		)
 	}
 
@@ -378,5 +422,7 @@ func (w *ResponseWriterWrapper) logRequest(statusCode int, headers map[string][]
 		apiResponseBody,
 		apiResponseErrors,
 		w.requestInfo.RequestID,
+		w.requestInfo.Timestamp,
+		apiResponseTimestamp,
 	)
 }

internal/api/middleware/response_writer_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+package middleware
+
+import (
+	"net/http/httptest"
+	"testing"
+
+	"github.com/gin-gonic/gin"
+)
+
+func TestExtractRequestBodyPrefersOverride(t *testing.T) {
+	gin.SetMode(gin.TestMode)
+	recorder := httptest.NewRecorder()
+	c, _ := gin.CreateTestContext(recorder)
+
+	wrapper := &ResponseWriterWrapper{
+		requestInfo: &RequestInfo{Body: []byte("original-body")},
+	}
+
+	body := wrapper.extractRequestBody(c)
+	if string(body) != "original-body" {
+		t.Fatalf("request body = %q, want %q", string(body), "original-body")
+	}
+
+	c.Set(requestBodyOverrideContextKey, []byte("override-body"))
+	body = wrapper.extractRequestBody(c)
+	if string(body) != "override-body" {
+		t.Fatalf("request body = %q, want %q", string(body), "override-body")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestExtractRequestBodySupportsStringOverride(t *testing.T) {
+	gin.SetMode(gin.TestMode)
+	recorder := httptest.NewRecorder()
+	c, _ := gin.CreateTestContext(recorder)
+
+	wrapper := &ResponseWriterWrapper{}
+	c.Set(requestBodyOverrideContextKey, "override-as-string")
+
+	body := wrapper.extractRequestBody(c)
+	if string(body) != "override-as-string" {
+		t.Fatalf("request body = %q, want %q", string(body), "override-as-string")
+	}
+}

internal/api/modules/amp/amp.go

@@ -127,8 +127,7 @@ func (m *AmpModule) Register(ctx modules.Context) error {
 		m.modelMapper = NewModelMapper(settings.ModelMappings)
 
 		// Store initial config for partial reload comparison
-		settingsCopy := settings
-		m.lastConfig = &settingsCopy
+		m.lastConfig = new(settings)
 
 		// Initialize localhost restriction setting (hot-reloadable)
 		m.setRestrictToLocalhost(settings.RestrictManagementToLocalhost)

internal/api/modules/amp/fallback_handlers.go

@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@ import (
 	"time"
 
 	"github.com/gin-gonic/gin"
+	"github.com/router-for-me/CLIProxyAPI/v6/internal/thinking"
 	"github.com/router-for-me/CLIProxyAPI/v6/internal/util"
 	log "github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
 	"github.com/tidwall/gjson"
@@ -134,10 +135,11 @@ func (fh *FallbackHandler) WrapHandler(handler gin.HandlerFunc) gin.HandlerFunc
 		}
 
 		// Normalize model (handles dynamic thinking suffixes)
-		normalizedModel, thinkingMetadata := util.NormalizeThinkingModel(modelName)
+		suffixResult := thinking.ParseSuffix(modelName)
+		normalizedModel := suffixResult.ModelName
 		thinkingSuffix := ""
-		if thinkingMetadata != nil && strings.HasPrefix(modelName, normalizedModel) {
-			thinkingSuffix = modelName[len(normalizedModel):]
+		if suffixResult.HasSuffix {
+			thinkingSuffix = "(" + suffixResult.RawSuffix + ")"
 		}
 
 		resolveMappedModel := func() (string, []string) {
@@ -157,13 +159,13 @@ func (fh *FallbackHandler) WrapHandler(handler gin.HandlerFunc) gin.HandlerFunc
 			// Preserve dynamic thinking suffix (e.g. "(xhigh)") when mapping applies, unless the target
 			// already specifies its own thinking suffix.
 			if thinkingSuffix != "" {
-				_, mappedThinkingMetadata := util.NormalizeThinkingModel(mappedModel)
-				if mappedThinkingMetadata == nil {
+				mappedSuffixResult := thinking.ParseSuffix(mappedModel)
+				if !mappedSuffixResult.HasSuffix {
 					mappedModel += thinkingSuffix
 				}
 			}
 
-			mappedBaseModel, _ := util.NormalizeThinkingModel(mappedModel)
+			mappedBaseModel := thinking.ParseSuffix(mappedModel).ModelName
 			mappedProviders := util.GetProviderName(mappedBaseModel)
 			if len(mappedProviders) == 0 {
 				return "", nil

internal/api/modules/amp/model_mapping.go

@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@ import (
 	"sync"
 
 	"github.com/router-for-me/CLIProxyAPI/v6/internal/config"
+	"github.com/router-for-me/CLIProxyAPI/v6/internal/thinking"
 	"github.com/router-for-me/CLIProxyAPI/v6/internal/util"
 	log "github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
 )
@@ -44,6 +45,11 @@ func NewModelMapper(mappings []config.AmpModelMapping) *DefaultModelMapper {
 // MapModel checks if a mapping exists for the requested model and if the
 // target model has available local providers. Returns the mapped model name
 // or empty string if no valid mapping exists.
+//
+// If the requested model contains a thinking suffix (e.g., "g25p(8192)"),
+// the suffix is preserved in the returned model name (e.g., "gemini-2.5-pro(8192)").
+// However, if the mapping target already contains a suffix, the config suffix
+// takes priority over the user's suffix.
 func (m *DefaultModelMapper) MapModel(requestedModel string) string {
 	if requestedModel == "" {
 		return ""
@@ -52,16 +58,20 @@ func (m *DefaultModelMapper) MapModel(requestedModel string) string {
 	m.mu.RLock()
 	defer m.mu.RUnlock()
 
-	// Normalize the requested model for lookup
-	normalizedRequest := strings.ToLower(strings.TrimSpace(requestedModel))
+	// Extract thinking suffix from requested model using ParseSuffix
+	requestResult := thinking.ParseSuffix(requestedModel)
+	baseModel := requestResult.ModelName
 
-	// Check for direct mapping
-	targetModel, exists := m.mappings[normalizedRequest]
+	// Normalize the base model for lookup (case-insensitive)
+	normalizedBase := strings.ToLower(strings.TrimSpace(baseModel))
+
+	// Check for direct mapping using base model name
+	targetModel, exists := m.mappings[normalizedBase]
 	if !exists {
-		// Try regex mappings in order
-		base, _ := util.NormalizeThinkingModel(requestedModel)
+		// Try regex mappings in order using base model only
+		// (suffix is handled separately via ParseSuffix)
 		for _, rm := range m.regexps {
-			if rm.re.MatchString(requestedModel) || (base != "" && rm.re.MatchString(base)) {
+			if rm.re.MatchString(baseModel) {
 				targetModel = rm.to
 				exists = true
 				break
@@ -72,14 +82,28 @@ func (m *DefaultModelMapper) MapModel(requestedModel string) string {
 		}
 	}
 
-	// Verify target model has available providers
-	normalizedTarget, _ := util.NormalizeThinkingModel(targetModel)
-	providers := util.GetProviderName(normalizedTarget)
+	// Check if target model already has a thinking suffix (config priority)
+	targetResult := thinking.ParseSuffix(targetModel)
+
+	// Verify target model has available providers (use base model for lookup)
+	providers := util.GetProviderName(targetResult.ModelName)
 	if len(providers) == 0 {
 		log.Debugf("amp model mapping: target model %s has no available providers, skipping mapping", targetModel)
 		return ""
 	}
 
+	// Suffix handling: config suffix takes priority, otherwise preserve user suffix
+	if targetResult.HasSuffix {
+		// Config's "to" already contains a suffix - use it as-is (config priority)
+		return targetModel
+	}
+
+	// Preserve user's thinking suffix on the mapped model
+	// (skip empty suffixes to avoid returning "model()")
+	if requestResult.HasSuffix && requestResult.RawSuffix != "" {
+		return targetModel + "(" + requestResult.RawSuffix + ")"
+	}
+
 	// Note: Detailed routing log is handled by logAmpRouting in fallback_handlers.go
 	return targetModel
 }

internal/api/modules/amp/model_mapping_test.go

@@ -217,10 +217,10 @@ func TestModelMapper_Regex_MatchBaseWithoutParens(t *testing.T) {
 
 	mapper := NewModelMapper(mappings)
 
-	// Incoming model has reasoning suffix but should match base via regex
+	// Incoming model has reasoning suffix, regex matches base, suffix is preserved
 	result := mapper.MapModel("gpt-5(high)")
-	if result != "gemini-2.5-pro" {
-		t.Errorf("Expected gemini-2.5-pro, got %s", result)
+	if result != "gemini-2.5-pro(high)" {
+		t.Errorf("Expected gemini-2.5-pro(high), got %s", result)
 	}
 }
 
@@ -281,3 +281,95 @@ func TestModelMapper_Regex_CaseInsensitive(t *testing.T) {
 		t.Errorf("Expected claude-sonnet-4, got %s", result)
 	}
 }
+
+func TestModelMapper_SuffixPreservation(t *testing.T) {
+	reg := registry.GetGlobalRegistry()
+
+	// Register test models
+	reg.RegisterClient("test-client-suffix", "gemini", []*registry.ModelInfo{
+		{ID: "gemini-2.5-pro", OwnedBy: "google", Type: "gemini"},
+	})
+	reg.RegisterClient("test-client-suffix-2", "claude", []*registry.ModelInfo{
+		{ID: "claude-sonnet-4", OwnedBy: "anthropic", Type: "claude"},
+	})
+	defer reg.UnregisterClient("test-client-suffix")
+	defer reg.UnregisterClient("test-client-suffix-2")
+
+	tests := []struct {
+		name     string
+		mappings []config.AmpModelMapping
+		input    string
+		want     string
+	}{
+		{
+			name:     "numeric suffix preserved",
+			mappings: []config.AmpModelMapping{{From: "g25p", To: "gemini-2.5-pro"}},
+			input:    "g25p(8192)",
+			want:     "gemini-2.5-pro(8192)",
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "level suffix preserved",
+			mappings: []config.AmpModelMapping{{From: "g25p", To: "gemini-2.5-pro"}},
+			input:    "g25p(high)",
+			want:     "gemini-2.5-pro(high)",
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "no suffix unchanged",
+			mappings: []config.AmpModelMapping{{From: "g25p", To: "gemini-2.5-pro"}},
+			input:    "g25p",
+			want:     "gemini-2.5-pro",
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "config suffix takes priority",
+			mappings: []config.AmpModelMapping{{From: "alias", To: "gemini-2.5-pro(medium)"}},
+			input:    "alias(high)",
+			want:     "gemini-2.5-pro(medium)",
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "regex with suffix preserved",
+			mappings: []config.AmpModelMapping{{From: "^g25.*", To: "gemini-2.5-pro", Regex: true}},
+			input:    "g25p(8192)",
+			want:     "gemini-2.5-pro(8192)",
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "auto suffix preserved",
+			mappings: []config.AmpModelMapping{{From: "g25p", To: "gemini-2.5-pro"}},
+			input:    "g25p(auto)",
+			want:     "gemini-2.5-pro(auto)",
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "none suffix preserved",
+			mappings: []config.AmpModelMapping{{From: "g25p", To: "gemini-2.5-pro"}},
+			input:    "g25p(none)",
+			want:     "gemini-2.5-pro(none)",
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "case insensitive base lookup with suffix",
+			mappings: []config.AmpModelMapping{{From: "G25P", To: "gemini-2.5-pro"}},
+			input:    "g25p(high)",
+			want:     "gemini-2.5-pro(high)",
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "empty suffix filtered out",
+			mappings: []config.AmpModelMapping{{From: "g25p", To: "gemini-2.5-pro"}},
+			input:    "g25p()",
+			want:     "gemini-2.5-pro",
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "incomplete suffix treated as no suffix",
+			mappings: []config.AmpModelMapping{{From: "g25p(high", To: "gemini-2.5-pro"}},
+			input:    "g25p(high",
+			want:     "gemini-2.5-pro",
+		},
+	}
+
+	for _, tt := range tests {
+		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			mapper := NewModelMapper(tt.mappings)
+			got := mapper.MapModel(tt.input)
+			if got != tt.want {
+				t.Errorf("MapModel(%q) = %q, want %q", tt.input, got, tt.want)
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}

internal/api/modules/amp/response_rewriter.go

@@ -122,10 +122,33 @@ func (rw *ResponseRewriter) Flush() {
 }
 
 // modelFieldPaths lists all JSON paths where model name may appear
-var modelFieldPaths = []string{"model", "modelVersion", "response.modelVersion", "message.model"}
+var modelFieldPaths = []string{"message.model", "model", "modelVersion", "response.model", "response.modelVersion"}
 
 // rewriteModelInResponse replaces all occurrences of the mapped model with the original model in JSON
+// It also suppresses "thinking" blocks if "tool_use" is present to ensure Amp client compatibility
 func (rw *ResponseRewriter) rewriteModelInResponse(data []byte) []byte {
+	// 1. Amp Compatibility: Suppress thinking blocks if tool use is detected
+	// The Amp client struggles when both thinking and tool_use blocks are present
+	if gjson.GetBytes(data, `content.#(type=="tool_use")`).Exists() {
+		filtered := gjson.GetBytes(data, `content.#(type!="thinking")#`)
+		if filtered.Exists() {
+			originalCount := gjson.GetBytes(data, "content.#").Int()
+			filteredCount := filtered.Get("#").Int()
+
+			if originalCount > filteredCount {
+				var err error
+				data, err = sjson.SetBytes(data, "content", filtered.Value())
+				if err != nil {
+					log.Warnf("Amp ResponseRewriter: failed to suppress thinking blocks: %v", err)
+				} else {
+					log.Debugf("Amp ResponseRewriter: Suppressed %d thinking blocks due to tool usage", originalCount-filteredCount)
+					// Log the result for verification
+					log.Debugf("Amp ResponseRewriter: Resulting content: %s", gjson.GetBytes(data, "content").String())
+				}
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
 	if rw.originalModel == "" {
 		return data
 	}

internal/api/modules/amp/response_rewriter_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,110 @@
+package amp
+
+import (
+	"testing"
+)
+
+func TestRewriteModelInResponse_TopLevel(t *testing.T) {
+	rw := &ResponseRewriter{originalModel: "gpt-5.2-codex"}
+
+	input := []byte(`{"id":"resp_1","model":"gpt-5.3-codex","output":[]}`)
+	result := rw.rewriteModelInResponse(input)
+
+	expected := `{"id":"resp_1","model":"gpt-5.2-codex","output":[]}`
+	if string(result) != expected {
+		t.Errorf("expected %s, got %s", expected, string(result))
+	}
+}
+
+func TestRewriteModelInResponse_ResponseModel(t *testing.T) {
+	rw := &ResponseRewriter{originalModel: "gpt-5.2-codex"}
+
+	input := []byte(`{"type":"response.completed","response":{"id":"resp_1","model":"gpt-5.3-codex","status":"completed"}}`)
+	result := rw.rewriteModelInResponse(input)
+
+	expected := `{"type":"response.completed","response":{"id":"resp_1","model":"gpt-5.2-codex","status":"completed"}}`
+	if string(result) != expected {
+		t.Errorf("expected %s, got %s", expected, string(result))
+	}
+}
+
+func TestRewriteModelInResponse_ResponseCreated(t *testing.T) {
+	rw := &ResponseRewriter{originalModel: "gpt-5.2-codex"}
+
+	input := []byte(`{"type":"response.created","response":{"id":"resp_1","model":"gpt-5.3-codex","status":"in_progress"}}`)
+	result := rw.rewriteModelInResponse(input)
+
+	expected := `{"type":"response.created","response":{"id":"resp_1","model":"gpt-5.2-codex","status":"in_progress"}}`
+	if string(result) != expected {
+		t.Errorf("expected %s, got %s", expected, string(result))
+	}
+}
+
+func TestRewriteModelInResponse_NoModelField(t *testing.T) {
+	rw := &ResponseRewriter{originalModel: "gpt-5.2-codex"}
+
+	input := []byte(`{"type":"response.output_item.added","item":{"id":"item_1","type":"message"}}`)
+	result := rw.rewriteModelInResponse(input)
+
+	if string(result) != string(input) {
+		t.Errorf("expected no modification, got %s", string(result))
+	}
+}
+
+func TestRewriteModelInResponse_EmptyOriginalModel(t *testing.T) {
+	rw := &ResponseRewriter{originalModel: ""}
+
+	input := []byte(`{"model":"gpt-5.3-codex"}`)
+	result := rw.rewriteModelInResponse(input)
+
+	if string(result) != string(input) {
+		t.Errorf("expected no modification when originalModel is empty, got %s", string(result))
+	}
+}
+
+func TestRewriteStreamChunk_SSEWithResponseModel(t *testing.T) {
+	rw := &ResponseRewriter{originalModel: "gpt-5.2-codex"}
+
+	chunk := []byte("data: {\"type\":\"response.completed\",\"response\":{\"id\":\"resp_1\",\"model\":\"gpt-5.3-codex\",\"status\":\"completed\"}}\n\n")
+	result := rw.rewriteStreamChunk(chunk)
+
+	expected := "data: {\"type\":\"response.completed\",\"response\":{\"id\":\"resp_1\",\"model\":\"gpt-5.2-codex\",\"status\":\"completed\"}}\n\n"
+	if string(result) != expected {
+		t.Errorf("expected %s, got %s", expected, string(result))
+	}
+}
+
+func TestRewriteStreamChunk_MultipleEvents(t *testing.T) {
+	rw := &ResponseRewriter{originalModel: "gpt-5.2-codex"}
+
+	chunk := []byte("data: {\"type\":\"response.created\",\"response\":{\"model\":\"gpt-5.3-codex\"}}\n\ndata: {\"type\":\"response.output_item.added\",\"item\":{\"id\":\"item_1\"}}\n\n")
+	result := rw.rewriteStreamChunk(chunk)
+
+	if string(result) == string(chunk) {
+		t.Error("expected response.model to be rewritten in SSE stream")
+	}
+	if !contains(result, []byte(`"model":"gpt-5.2-codex"`)) {
+		t.Errorf("expected rewritten model in output, got %s", string(result))
+	}
+}
+
+func TestRewriteStreamChunk_MessageModel(t *testing.T) {
+	rw := &ResponseRewriter{originalModel: "claude-opus-4.5"}
+
+	chunk := []byte("data: {\"message\":{\"model\":\"claude-sonnet-4\",\"role\":\"assistant\"}}\n\n")
+	result := rw.rewriteStreamChunk(chunk)
+
+	expected := "data: {\"message\":{\"model\":\"claude-opus-4.5\",\"role\":\"assistant\"}}\n\n"
+	if string(result) != expected {
+		t.Errorf("expected %s, got %s", expected, string(result))
+	}
+}
+
+func contains(data, substr []byte) bool {
+	for i := 0; i <= len(data)-len(substr); i++ {
+		if string(data[i:i+len(substr)]) == string(substr) {
+			return true
+		}
+	}
+	return false
+}

internal/api/server.go

@@ -12,6 +12,7 @@ import (
 	"net/http"
 	"os"
 	"path/filepath"
+	"reflect"
 	"strings"
 	"sync"
 	"sync/atomic"
@@ -23,6 +24,7 @@ import (
 	"github.com/router-for-me/CLIProxyAPI/v6/internal/api/middleware"
 	"github.com/router-for-me/CLIProxyAPI/v6/internal/api/modules"
 	ampmodule "github.com/router-for-me/CLIProxyAPI/v6/internal/api/modules/amp"
+	"github.com/router-for-me/CLIProxyAPI/v6/internal/auth/kiro"
 	"github.com/router-for-me/CLIProxyAPI/v6/internal/config"
 	"github.com/router-for-me/CLIProxyAPI/v6/internal/logging"
 	"github.com/router-for-me/CLIProxyAPI/v6/internal/managementasset"
@@ -58,9 +60,9 @@ type ServerOption func(*serverOptionConfig)
 func defaultRequestLoggerFactory(cfg *config.Config, configPath string) logging.RequestLogger {
 	configDir := filepath.Dir(configPath)
 	if base := util.WritablePath(); base != "" {
-		return logging.NewFileRequestLogger(cfg.RequestLog, filepath.Join(base, "logs"), configDir)
+		return logging.NewFileRequestLogger(cfg.RequestLog, filepath.Join(base, "logs"), configDir, cfg.ErrorLogsMaxFiles)
 	}
-	return logging.NewFileRequestLogger(cfg.RequestLog, "logs", configDir)
+	return logging.NewFileRequestLogger(cfg.RequestLog, "logs", configDir, cfg.ErrorLogsMaxFiles)
 }
 
 // WithMiddleware appends additional Gin middleware during server construction.
@@ -259,10 +261,7 @@ func NewServer(cfg *config.Config, authManager *auth.Manager, accessManager *sdk
 	if optionState.localPassword != "" {
 		s.mgmt.SetLocalPassword(optionState.localPassword)
 	}
-	logDir := filepath.Join(s.currentPath, "logs")
-	if base := util.WritablePath(); base != "" {
-		logDir = filepath.Join(base, "logs")
-	}
+	logDir := logging.ResolveLogDirectory(cfg)
 	s.mgmt.SetLogDirectory(logDir)
 	s.localPassword = optionState.localPassword
 
@@ -286,13 +285,19 @@ func NewServer(cfg *config.Config, authManager *auth.Manager, accessManager *sdk
 		optionState.routerConfigurator(engine, s.handlers, cfg)
 	}
 
-	// Register management routes when configuration or environment secrets are available.
-	hasManagementSecret := cfg.RemoteManagement.SecretKey != "" || envManagementSecret
+	// Register management routes when configuration or environment secrets are available,
+	// or when a local management password is provided (e.g. TUI mode).
+	hasManagementSecret := cfg.RemoteManagement.SecretKey != "" || envManagementSecret || s.localPassword != ""
 	s.managementRoutesEnabled.Store(hasManagementSecret)
 	if hasManagementSecret {
 		s.registerManagementRoutes()
 	}
 
+	// === CLIProxyAPIPlus 扩展: 注册 Kiro OAuth Web 路由 ===
+	kiroOAuthHandler := kiro.NewOAuthWebHandler(cfg)
+	kiroOAuthHandler.RegisterRoutes(engine)
+	log.Info("Kiro OAuth Web routes registered at /v0/oauth/kiro/*")
+
 	if optionState.keepAliveEnabled {
 		s.enableKeepAlive(optionState.keepAliveTimeout, optionState.keepAliveOnTimeout)
 	}
@@ -325,7 +330,9 @@ func (s *Server) setupRoutes() {
 		v1.POST("/completions", openaiHandlers.Completions)
 		v1.POST("/messages", claudeCodeHandlers.ClaudeMessages)
 		v1.POST("/messages/count_tokens", claudeCodeHandlers.ClaudeCountTokens)
+		v1.GET("/responses", openaiResponsesHandlers.ResponsesWebsocket)
 		v1.POST("/responses", openaiResponsesHandlers.Responses)
+		v1.POST("/responses/compact", openaiResponsesHandlers.Compact)
 	}
 
 	// Gemini compatible API routes
@@ -516,6 +523,10 @@ func (s *Server) registerManagementRoutes() {
 		mgmt.PUT("/logs-max-total-size-mb", s.mgmt.PutLogsMaxTotalSizeMB)
 		mgmt.PATCH("/logs-max-total-size-mb", s.mgmt.PutLogsMaxTotalSizeMB)
 
+		mgmt.GET("/error-logs-max-files", s.mgmt.GetErrorLogsMaxFiles)
+		mgmt.PUT("/error-logs-max-files", s.mgmt.PutErrorLogsMaxFiles)
+		mgmt.PATCH("/error-logs-max-files", s.mgmt.PutErrorLogsMaxFiles)
+
 		mgmt.GET("/usage-statistics-enabled", s.mgmt.GetUsageStatisticsEnabled)
 		mgmt.PUT("/usage-statistics-enabled", s.mgmt.PutUsageStatisticsEnabled)
 		mgmt.PATCH("/usage-statistics-enabled", s.mgmt.PutUsageStatisticsEnabled)
@@ -621,16 +632,19 @@ func (s *Server) registerManagementRoutes() {
 		mgmt.PATCH("/oauth-excluded-models", s.mgmt.PatchOAuthExcludedModels)
 		mgmt.DELETE("/oauth-excluded-models", s.mgmt.DeleteOAuthExcludedModels)
 
-		mgmt.GET("/oauth-model-mappings", s.mgmt.GetOAuthModelMappings)
-		mgmt.PUT("/oauth-model-mappings", s.mgmt.PutOAuthModelMappings)
-		mgmt.PATCH("/oauth-model-mappings", s.mgmt.PatchOAuthModelMappings)
-		mgmt.DELETE("/oauth-model-mappings", s.mgmt.DeleteOAuthModelMappings)
+		mgmt.GET("/oauth-model-alias", s.mgmt.GetOAuthModelAlias)
+		mgmt.PUT("/oauth-model-alias", s.mgmt.PutOAuthModelAlias)
+		mgmt.PATCH("/oauth-model-alias", s.mgmt.PatchOAuthModelAlias)
+		mgmt.DELETE("/oauth-model-alias", s.mgmt.DeleteOAuthModelAlias)
 
 		mgmt.GET("/auth-files", s.mgmt.ListAuthFiles)
 		mgmt.GET("/auth-files/models", s.mgmt.GetAuthFileModels)
+		mgmt.GET("/model-definitions/:channel", s.mgmt.GetStaticModelDefinitions)
 		mgmt.GET("/auth-files/download", s.mgmt.DownloadAuthFile)
 		mgmt.POST("/auth-files", s.mgmt.UploadAuthFile)
 		mgmt.DELETE("/auth-files", s.mgmt.DeleteAuthFile)
+		mgmt.PATCH("/auth-files/status", s.mgmt.PatchAuthFileStatus)
+		mgmt.PATCH("/auth-files/fields", s.mgmt.PatchAuthFileFields)
 		mgmt.POST("/vertex/import", s.mgmt.ImportVertexCredential)
 
 		mgmt.GET("/anthropic-auth-url", s.mgmt.RequestAnthropicToken)
@@ -638,9 +652,12 @@ func (s *Server) registerManagementRoutes() {
 		mgmt.GET("/gemini-cli-auth-url", s.mgmt.RequestGeminiCLIToken)
 		mgmt.GET("/antigravity-auth-url", s.mgmt.RequestAntigravityToken)
 		mgmt.GET("/qwen-auth-url", s.mgmt.RequestQwenToken)
+		mgmt.GET("/kilo-auth-url", s.mgmt.RequestKiloToken)
+		mgmt.GET("/kimi-auth-url", s.mgmt.RequestKimiToken)
 		mgmt.GET("/iflow-auth-url", s.mgmt.RequestIFlowToken)
 		mgmt.POST("/iflow-auth-url", s.mgmt.RequestIFlowCookieToken)
 		mgmt.GET("/kiro-auth-url", s.mgmt.RequestKiroToken)
+		mgmt.GET("/github-auth-url", s.mgmt.RequestGitHubToken)
 		mgmt.POST("/oauth-callback", s.mgmt.PostOAuthCallback)
 		mgmt.GET("/get-auth-status", s.mgmt.GetAuthStatus)
 	}
@@ -670,14 +687,17 @@ func (s *Server) serveManagementControlPanel(c *gin.Context) {
 
 	if _, err := os.Stat(filePath); err != nil {
 		if os.IsNotExist(err) {
-			go managementasset.EnsureLatestManagementHTML(context.Background(), managementasset.StaticDir(s.configFilePath), cfg.ProxyURL, cfg.RemoteManagement.PanelGitHubRepository)
-			c.AbortWithStatus(http.StatusNotFound)
+			// Synchronously ensure management.html is available with a detached context.
+			// Control panel bootstrap should not be canceled by client disconnects.
+			if !managementasset.EnsureLatestManagementHTML(context.Background(), managementasset.StaticDir(s.configFilePath), cfg.ProxyURL, cfg.RemoteManagement.PanelGitHubRepository) {
+				c.AbortWithStatus(http.StatusNotFound)
+				return
+			}
+		} else {
+			log.WithError(err).Error("failed to stat management control panel asset")
+			c.AbortWithStatus(http.StatusInternalServerError)
 			return
 		}
-
-		log.WithError(err).Error("failed to stat management control panel asset")
-		c.AbortWithStatus(http.StatusInternalServerError)
-		return
 	}
 
 	c.File(filePath)
@@ -892,47 +912,28 @@ func (s *Server) UpdateClients(cfg *config.Config) {
 		} else if toggler, ok := s.requestLogger.(interface{ SetEnabled(bool) }); ok {
 			toggler.SetEnabled(cfg.RequestLog)
 		}
-		if oldCfg != nil {
-			log.Debugf("request logging updated from %t to %t", previousRequestLog, cfg.RequestLog)
-		} else {
-			log.Debugf("request logging toggled to %t", cfg.RequestLog)
-		}
 	}
 
 	if oldCfg == nil || oldCfg.LoggingToFile != cfg.LoggingToFile || oldCfg.LogsMaxTotalSizeMB != cfg.LogsMaxTotalSizeMB {
 		if err := logging.ConfigureLogOutput(cfg); err != nil {
 			log.Errorf("failed to reconfigure log output: %v", err)
-		} else {
-			if oldCfg == nil {
-				log.Debug("log output configuration refreshed")
-			} else {
-				if oldCfg.LoggingToFile != cfg.LoggingToFile {
-					log.Debugf("logging_to_file updated from %t to %t", oldCfg.LoggingToFile, cfg.LoggingToFile)
-				}
-				if oldCfg.LogsMaxTotalSizeMB != cfg.LogsMaxTotalSizeMB {
-					log.Debugf("logs_max_total_size_mb updated from %d to %d", oldCfg.LogsMaxTotalSizeMB, cfg.LogsMaxTotalSizeMB)
-				}
-			}
 		}
 	}
 
 	if oldCfg == nil || oldCfg.UsageStatisticsEnabled != cfg.UsageStatisticsEnabled {
 		usage.SetStatisticsEnabled(cfg.UsageStatisticsEnabled)
-		if oldCfg != nil {
-			log.Debugf("usage_statistics_enabled updated from %t to %t", oldCfg.UsageStatisticsEnabled, cfg.UsageStatisticsEnabled)
-		} else {
-			log.Debugf("usage_statistics_enabled toggled to %t", cfg.UsageStatisticsEnabled)
+	}
+
+	if s.requestLogger != nil && (oldCfg == nil || oldCfg.ErrorLogsMaxFiles != cfg.ErrorLogsMaxFiles) {
+		if setter, ok := s.requestLogger.(interface{ SetErrorLogsMaxFiles(int) }); ok {
+			setter.SetErrorLogsMaxFiles(cfg.ErrorLogsMaxFiles)
 		}
 	}
 
 	if oldCfg == nil || oldCfg.DisableCooling != cfg.DisableCooling {
 		auth.SetQuotaCooldownDisabled(cfg.DisableCooling)
-		if oldCfg != nil {
-			log.Debugf("disable_cooling updated from %t to %t", oldCfg.DisableCooling, cfg.DisableCooling)
-		} else {
-			log.Debugf("disable_cooling toggled to %t", cfg.DisableCooling)
-		}
 	}
+
 	if s.handlers != nil && s.handlers.AuthManager != nil {
 		s.handlers.AuthManager.SetRetryConfig(cfg.RequestRetry, time.Duration(cfg.MaxRetryInterval)*time.Second)
 	}
@@ -940,11 +941,6 @@ func (s *Server) UpdateClients(cfg *config.Config) {
 	// Update log level dynamically when debug flag changes
 	if oldCfg == nil || oldCfg.Debug != cfg.Debug {
 		util.SetLogLevel(cfg)
-		if oldCfg != nil {
-			log.Debugf("debug mode updated from %t to %t", oldCfg.Debug, cfg.Debug)
-		} else {
-			log.Debugf("debug mode toggled to %t", cfg.Debug)
-		}
 	}
 
 	prevSecretEmpty := true
@@ -991,23 +987,22 @@ func (s *Server) UpdateClients(cfg *config.Config) {
 
 	s.handlers.UpdateClients(&cfg.SDKConfig)
 
-	if !cfg.RemoteManagement.DisableControlPanel {
-		staticDir := managementasset.StaticDir(s.configFilePath)
-		go managementasset.EnsureLatestManagementHTML(context.Background(), staticDir, cfg.ProxyURL, cfg.RemoteManagement.PanelGitHubRepository)
-	}
 	if s.mgmt != nil {
 		s.mgmt.SetConfig(cfg)
 		s.mgmt.SetAuthManager(s.handlers.AuthManager)
 	}
 
-	// Notify Amp module of config changes (for model mapping hot-reload)
-	if s.ampModule != nil {
-		log.Debugf("triggering amp module config update")
-		if err := s.ampModule.OnConfigUpdated(cfg); err != nil {
-			log.Errorf("failed to update Amp module config: %v", err)
+	// Notify Amp module only when Amp config has changed.
+	ampConfigChanged := oldCfg == nil || !reflect.DeepEqual(oldCfg.AmpCode, cfg.AmpCode)
+	if ampConfigChanged {
+		if s.ampModule != nil {
+			log.Debugf("triggering amp module config update")
+			if err := s.ampModule.OnConfigUpdated(cfg); err != nil {
+				log.Errorf("failed to update Amp module config: %v", err)
+			}
+		} else {
+			log.Warnf("amp module is nil, skipping config update")
 		}
-	} else {
-		log.Warnf("amp module is nil, skipping config update")
 	}
 
 	// Count client sources from configuration and auth store.
@@ -1070,14 +1065,10 @@ func AuthMiddleware(manager *sdkaccess.Manager) gin.HandlerFunc {
 			return
 		}
 
-		switch {
-		case errors.Is(err, sdkaccess.ErrNoCredentials):
-			c.AbortWithStatusJSON(http.StatusUnauthorized, gin.H{"error": "Missing API key"})
-		case errors.Is(err, sdkaccess.ErrInvalidCredential):
-			c.AbortWithStatusJSON(http.StatusUnauthorized, gin.H{"error": "Invalid API key"})
-		default:
+		statusCode := err.HTTPStatusCode()
+		if statusCode >= http.StatusInternalServerError {
 			log.Errorf("authentication middleware error: %v", err)
-			c.AbortWithStatusJSON(http.StatusInternalServerError, gin.H{"error": "Authentication service error"})
 		}
+		c.AbortWithStatusJSON(statusCode, gin.H{"error": err.Message})
 	}
 }

internal/auth/antigravity/auth.go

@@ -0,0 +1,344 @@
+// Package antigravity provides OAuth2 authentication functionality for the Antigravity provider.
+package antigravity
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"encoding/json"
+	"fmt"
+	"io"
+	"net/http"
+	"net/url"
+	"strings"
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/router-for-me/CLIProxyAPI/v6/internal/config"
+	"github.com/router-for-me/CLIProxyAPI/v6/internal/util"
+	log "github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
+)
+
+// TokenResponse represents OAuth token response from Google
+type TokenResponse struct {
+	AccessToken  string `json:"access_token"`
+	RefreshToken string `json:"refresh_token"`
+	ExpiresIn    int64  `json:"expires_in"`
+	TokenType    string `json:"token_type"`
+}
+
+// userInfo represents Google user profile
+type userInfo struct {
+	Email string `json:"email"`
+}
+
+// AntigravityAuth handles Antigravity OAuth authentication
+type AntigravityAuth struct {
+	httpClient *http.Client
+}
+
+// NewAntigravityAuth creates a new Antigravity auth service.
+func NewAntigravityAuth(cfg *config.Config, httpClient *http.Client) *AntigravityAuth {
+	if httpClient != nil {
+		return &AntigravityAuth{httpClient: httpClient}
+	}
+	if cfg == nil {
+		cfg = &config.Config{}
+	}
+	return &AntigravityAuth{
+		httpClient: util.SetProxy(&cfg.SDKConfig, &http.Client{}),
+	}
+}
+
+// BuildAuthURL generates the OAuth authorization URL.
+func (o *AntigravityAuth) BuildAuthURL(state, redirectURI string) string {
+	if strings.TrimSpace(redirectURI) == "" {
+		redirectURI = fmt.Sprintf("http://localhost:%d/oauth-callback", CallbackPort)
+	}
+	params := url.Values{}
+	params.Set("access_type", "offline")
+	params.Set("client_id", ClientID)
+	params.Set("prompt", "consent")
+	params.Set("redirect_uri", redirectURI)
+	params.Set("response_type", "code")
+	params.Set("scope", strings.Join(Scopes, " "))
+	params.Set("state", state)
+	return AuthEndpoint + "?" + params.Encode()
+}
+
+// ExchangeCodeForTokens exchanges authorization code for access and refresh tokens
+func (o *AntigravityAuth) ExchangeCodeForTokens(ctx context.Context, code, redirectURI string) (*TokenResponse, error) {
+	data := url.Values{}
+	data.Set("code", code)
+	data.Set("client_id", ClientID)
+	data.Set("client_secret", ClientSecret)
+	data.Set("redirect_uri", redirectURI)
+	data.Set("grant_type", "authorization_code")
+
+	req, err := http.NewRequestWithContext(ctx, http.MethodPost, TokenEndpoint, strings.NewReader(data.Encode()))
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("antigravity token exchange: create request: %w", err)
+	}
+	req.Header.Set("Content-Type", "application/x-www-form-urlencoded")
+
+	resp, errDo := o.httpClient.Do(req)
+	if errDo != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("antigravity token exchange: execute request: %w", errDo)
+	}
+	defer func() {
+		if errClose := resp.Body.Close(); errClose != nil {
+			log.Errorf("antigravity token exchange: close body error: %v", errClose)
+		}
+	}()
+
+	if resp.StatusCode < http.StatusOK || resp.StatusCode >= http.StatusMultipleChoices {
+		bodyBytes, errRead := io.ReadAll(io.LimitReader(resp.Body, 8<<10))
+		if errRead != nil {
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("antigravity token exchange: read response: %w", errRead)
+		}
+		body := strings.TrimSpace(string(bodyBytes))
+		if body == "" {
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("antigravity token exchange: request failed: status %d", resp.StatusCode)
+		}
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("antigravity token exchange: request failed: status %d: %s", resp.StatusCode, body)
+	}
+
+	var token TokenResponse
+	if errDecode := json.NewDecoder(resp.Body).Decode(&token); errDecode != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("antigravity token exchange: decode response: %w", errDecode)
+	}
+	return &token, nil
+}
+
+// FetchUserInfo retrieves user email from Google
+func (o *AntigravityAuth) FetchUserInfo(ctx context.Context, accessToken string) (string, error) {
+	accessToken = strings.TrimSpace(accessToken)
+	if accessToken == "" {
+		return "", fmt.Errorf("antigravity userinfo: missing access token")
+	}
+	req, err := http.NewRequestWithContext(ctx, http.MethodGet, UserInfoEndpoint, nil)
+	if err != nil {
+		return "", fmt.Errorf("antigravity userinfo: create request: %w", err)
+	}
+	req.Header.Set("Authorization", "Bearer "+accessToken)
+
+	resp, errDo := o.httpClient.Do(req)
+	if errDo != nil {
+		return "", fmt.Errorf("antigravity userinfo: execute request: %w", errDo)
+	}
+	defer func() {
+		if errClose := resp.Body.Close(); errClose != nil {
+			log.Errorf("antigravity userinfo: close body error: %v", errClose)
+		}
+	}()
+
+	if resp.StatusCode < http.StatusOK || resp.StatusCode >= http.StatusMultipleChoices {
+		bodyBytes, errRead := io.ReadAll(io.LimitReader(resp.Body, 8<<10))
+		if errRead != nil {
+			return "", fmt.Errorf("antigravity userinfo: read response: %w", errRead)
+		}
+		body := strings.TrimSpace(string(bodyBytes))
+		if body == "" {
+			return "", fmt.Errorf("antigravity userinfo: request failed: status %d", resp.StatusCode)
+		}
+		return "", fmt.Errorf("antigravity userinfo: request failed: status %d: %s", resp.StatusCode, body)
+	}
+	var info userInfo
+	if errDecode := json.NewDecoder(resp.Body).Decode(&info); errDecode != nil {
+		return "", fmt.Errorf("antigravity userinfo: decode response: %w", errDecode)
+	}
+	email := strings.TrimSpace(info.Email)
+	if email == "" {
+		return "", fmt.Errorf("antigravity userinfo: response missing email")
+	}
+	return email, nil
+}
+
+// FetchProjectID retrieves the project ID for the authenticated user via loadCodeAssist
+func (o *AntigravityAuth) FetchProjectID(ctx context.Context, accessToken string) (string, error) {
+	loadReqBody := map[string]any{
+		"metadata": map[string]string{
+			"ideType":    "ANTIGRAVITY",
+			"platform":   "PLATFORM_UNSPECIFIED",
+			"pluginType": "GEMINI",
+		},
+	}
+
+	rawBody, errMarshal := json.Marshal(loadReqBody)
+	if errMarshal != nil {
+		return "", fmt.Errorf("marshal request body: %w", errMarshal)
+	}
+
+	endpointURL := fmt.Sprintf("%s/%s:loadCodeAssist", APIEndpoint, APIVersion)
+	req, err := http.NewRequestWithContext(ctx, http.MethodPost, endpointURL, strings.NewReader(string(rawBody)))
+	if err != nil {
+		return "", fmt.Errorf("create request: %w", err)
+	}
+	req.Header.Set("Authorization", "Bearer "+accessToken)
+	req.Header.Set("Content-Type", "application/json")
+	req.Header.Set("User-Agent", APIUserAgent)
+	req.Header.Set("X-Goog-Api-Client", APIClient)
+	req.Header.Set("Client-Metadata", ClientMetadata)
+
+	resp, errDo := o.httpClient.Do(req)
+	if errDo != nil {
+		return "", fmt.Errorf("execute request: %w", errDo)
+	}
+	defer func() {
+		if errClose := resp.Body.Close(); errClose != nil {
+			log.Errorf("antigravity loadCodeAssist: close body error: %v", errClose)
+		}
+	}()
+
+	bodyBytes, errRead := io.ReadAll(resp.Body)
+	if errRead != nil {
+		return "", fmt.Errorf("read response: %w", errRead)
+	}
+
+	if resp.StatusCode < http.StatusOK || resp.StatusCode >= http.StatusMultipleChoices {
+		return "", fmt.Errorf("request failed with status %d: %s", resp.StatusCode, strings.TrimSpace(string(bodyBytes)))
+	}
+
+	var loadResp map[string]any
+	if errDecode := json.Unmarshal(bodyBytes, &loadResp); errDecode != nil {
+		return "", fmt.Errorf("decode response: %w", errDecode)
+	}
+
+	// Extract projectID from response
+	projectID := ""
+	if id, ok := loadResp["cloudaicompanionProject"].(string); ok {
+		projectID = strings.TrimSpace(id)
+	}
+	if projectID == "" {
+		if projectMap, ok := loadResp["cloudaicompanionProject"].(map[string]any); ok {
+			if id, okID := projectMap["id"].(string); okID {
+				projectID = strings.TrimSpace(id)
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	if projectID == "" {
+		tierID := "legacy-tier"
+		if tiers, okTiers := loadResp["allowedTiers"].([]any); okTiers {
+			for _, rawTier := range tiers {
+				tier, okTier := rawTier.(map[string]any)
+				if !okTier {
+					continue
+				}
+				if isDefault, okDefault := tier["isDefault"].(bool); okDefault && isDefault {
+					if id, okID := tier["id"].(string); okID && strings.TrimSpace(id) != "" {
+						tierID = strings.TrimSpace(id)
+						break
+					}
+				}
+			}
+		}
+
+		projectID, err = o.OnboardUser(ctx, accessToken, tierID)
+		if err != nil {
+			return "", err
+		}
+		return projectID, nil
+	}
+
+	return projectID, nil
+}
+
+// OnboardUser attempts to fetch the project ID via onboardUser by polling for completion
+func (o *AntigravityAuth) OnboardUser(ctx context.Context, accessToken, tierID string) (string, error) {
+	log.Infof("Antigravity: onboarding user with tier: %s", tierID)
+	requestBody := map[string]any{
+		"tierId": tierID,
+		"metadata": map[string]string{
+			"ideType":    "ANTIGRAVITY",
+			"platform":   "PLATFORM_UNSPECIFIED",
+			"pluginType": "GEMINI",
+		},
+	}
+
+	rawBody, errMarshal := json.Marshal(requestBody)
+	if errMarshal != nil {
+		return "", fmt.Errorf("marshal request body: %w", errMarshal)
+	}
+
+	maxAttempts := 5
+	for attempt := 1; attempt <= maxAttempts; attempt++ {
+		log.Debugf("Polling attempt %d/%d", attempt, maxAttempts)
+
+		reqCtx := ctx
+		var cancel context.CancelFunc
+		if reqCtx == nil {
+			reqCtx = context.Background()
+		}
+		reqCtx, cancel = context.WithTimeout(reqCtx, 30*time.Second)
+
+		endpointURL := fmt.Sprintf("%s/%s:onboardUser", APIEndpoint, APIVersion)
+		req, errRequest := http.NewRequestWithContext(reqCtx, http.MethodPost, endpointURL, strings.NewReader(string(rawBody)))
+		if errRequest != nil {
+			cancel()
+			return "", fmt.Errorf("create request: %w", errRequest)
+		}
+		req.Header.Set("Authorization", "Bearer "+accessToken)
+		req.Header.Set("Content-Type", "application/json")
+		req.Header.Set("User-Agent", APIUserAgent)
+		req.Header.Set("X-Goog-Api-Client", APIClient)
+		req.Header.Set("Client-Metadata", ClientMetadata)
+
+		resp, errDo := o.httpClient.Do(req)
+		if errDo != nil {
+			cancel()
+			return "", fmt.Errorf("execute request: %w", errDo)
+		}
+
+		bodyBytes, errRead := io.ReadAll(resp.Body)
+		if errClose := resp.Body.Close(); errClose != nil {
+			log.Errorf("close body error: %v", errClose)
+		}
+		cancel()
+
+		if errRead != nil {
+			return "", fmt.Errorf("read response: %w", errRead)
+		}
+
+		if resp.StatusCode == http.StatusOK {
+			var data map[string]any
+			if errDecode := json.Unmarshal(bodyBytes, &data); errDecode != nil {
+				return "", fmt.Errorf("decode response: %w", errDecode)
+			}
+
+			if done, okDone := data["done"].(bool); okDone && done {
+				projectID := ""
+				if responseData, okResp := data["response"].(map[string]any); okResp {
+					switch projectValue := responseData["cloudaicompanionProject"].(type) {
+					case map[string]any:
+						if id, okID := projectValue["id"].(string); okID {
+							projectID = strings.TrimSpace(id)
+						}
+					case string:
+						projectID = strings.TrimSpace(projectValue)
+					}
+				}
+
+				if projectID != "" {
+					log.Infof("Successfully fetched project_id: %s", projectID)
+					return projectID, nil
+				}
+
+				return "", fmt.Errorf("no project_id in response")
+			}
+
+			time.Sleep(2 * time.Second)
+			continue
+		}
+
+		responsePreview := strings.TrimSpace(string(bodyBytes))
+		if len(responsePreview) > 500 {
+			responsePreview = responsePreview[:500]
+		}
+
+		responseErr := responsePreview
+		if len(responseErr) > 200 {
+			responseErr = responseErr[:200]
+		}
+		return "", fmt.Errorf("http %d: %s", resp.StatusCode, responseErr)
+	}
+
+	return "", nil
+}

internal/auth/antigravity/constants.go

@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+// Package antigravity provides OAuth2 authentication functionality for the Antigravity provider.
+package antigravity
+
+// OAuth client credentials and configuration
+const (
+	ClientID     = "1071006060591-tmhssin2h21lcre235vtolojh4g403ep.apps.googleusercontent.com"
+	ClientSecret = "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"
+	CallbackPort = 51121
+)
+
+// Scopes defines the OAuth scopes required for Antigravity authentication
+var Scopes = []string{
+	"https://www.googleapis.com/auth/cloud-platform",
+	"https://www.googleapis.com/auth/userinfo.email",
+	"https://www.googleapis.com/auth/userinfo.profile",
+	"https://www.googleapis.com/auth/cclog",
+	"https://www.googleapis.com/auth/experimentsandconfigs",
+}
+
+// OAuth2 endpoints for Google authentication
+const (
+	TokenEndpoint    = "https://oauth2.googleapis.com/token"
+	AuthEndpoint     = "https://accounts.google.com/o/oauth2/v2/auth"
+	UserInfoEndpoint = "https://www.googleapis.com/oauth2/v1/userinfo?alt=json"
+)
+
+// Antigravity API configuration
+const (
+	APIEndpoint    = "https://cloudcode-pa.googleapis.com"
+	APIVersion     = "v1internal"
+	APIUserAgent   = "google-api-nodejs-client/9.15.1"
+	APIClient      = "google-cloud-sdk vscode_cloudshelleditor/0.1"
+	ClientMetadata = `{"ideType":"IDE_UNSPECIFIED","platform":"PLATFORM_UNSPECIFIED","pluginType":"GEMINI"}`
+)

internal/auth/antigravity/filename.go

@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+package antigravity
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+	"strings"
+)
+
+// CredentialFileName returns the filename used to persist Antigravity credentials.
+// It uses the email as a suffix to disambiguate accounts.
+func CredentialFileName(email string) string {
+	email = strings.TrimSpace(email)
+	if email == "" {
+		return "antigravity.json"
+	}
+	return fmt.Sprintf("antigravity-%s.json", email)
+}

internal/auth/claude/anthropic_auth.go

@@ -14,15 +14,15 @@ import (
 	"time"
 
 	"github.com/router-for-me/CLIProxyAPI/v6/internal/config"
-	"github.com/router-for-me/CLIProxyAPI/v6/internal/util"
 	log "github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
 )
 
+// OAuth configuration constants for Claude/Anthropic
 const (
-	anthropicAuthURL  = "https://claude.ai/oauth/authorize"
-	anthropicTokenURL = "https://console.anthropic.com/v1/oauth/token"
-	anthropicClientID = "9d1c250a-e61b-44d9-88ed-5944d1962f5e"
-	redirectURI       = "http://localhost:54545/callback"
+	AuthURL     = "https://claude.ai/oauth/authorize"
+	TokenURL    = "https://api.anthropic.com/v1/oauth/token"
+	ClientID    = "9d1c250a-e61b-44d9-88ed-5944d1962f5e"
+	RedirectURI = "http://localhost:54545/callback"
 )
 
 // tokenResponse represents the response structure from Anthropic's OAuth token endpoint.
@@ -50,7 +50,8 @@ type ClaudeAuth struct {
 }
 
 // NewClaudeAuth creates a new Anthropic authentication service.
-// It initializes the HTTP client with proxy settings from the configuration.
+// It initializes the HTTP client with a custom TLS transport that uses Firefox
+// fingerprint to bypass Cloudflare's TLS fingerprinting on Anthropic domains.
 //
 // Parameters:
 //   - cfg: The application configuration containing proxy settings
@@ -58,8 +59,10 @@ type ClaudeAuth struct {
 // Returns:
 //   - *ClaudeAuth: A new Claude authentication service instance
 func NewClaudeAuth(cfg *config.Config) *ClaudeAuth {
+	// Use custom HTTP client with Firefox TLS fingerprint to bypass
+	// Cloudflare's bot detection on Anthropic domains
 	return &ClaudeAuth{
-		httpClient: util.SetProxy(&cfg.SDKConfig, &http.Client{}),
+		httpClient: NewAnthropicHttpClient(&cfg.SDKConfig),
 	}
 }
 
@@ -82,16 +85,16 @@ func (o *ClaudeAuth) GenerateAuthURL(state string, pkceCodes *PKCECodes) (string
 
 	params := url.Values{
 		"code":                  {"true"},
-		"client_id":             {anthropicClientID},
+		"client_id":             {ClientID},
 		"response_type":         {"code"},
-		"redirect_uri":          {redirectURI},
+		"redirect_uri":          {RedirectURI},
 		"scope":                 {"org:create_api_key user:profile user:inference"},
 		"code_challenge":        {pkceCodes.CodeChallenge},
 		"code_challenge_method": {"S256"},
 		"state":                 {state},
 	}
 
-	authURL := fmt.Sprintf("%s?%s", anthropicAuthURL, params.Encode())
+	authURL := fmt.Sprintf("%s?%s", AuthURL, params.Encode())
 	return authURL, state, nil
 }
 
@@ -137,8 +140,8 @@ func (o *ClaudeAuth) ExchangeCodeForTokens(ctx context.Context, code, state stri
 		"code":          newCode,
 		"state":         state,
 		"grant_type":    "authorization_code",
-		"client_id":     anthropicClientID,
-		"redirect_uri":  redirectURI,
+		"client_id":     ClientID,
+		"redirect_uri":  RedirectURI,
 		"code_verifier": pkceCodes.CodeVerifier,
 	}
 
@@ -154,7 +157,7 @@ func (o *ClaudeAuth) ExchangeCodeForTokens(ctx context.Context, code, state stri
 
 	// log.Debugf("Token exchange request: %s", string(jsonBody))
 
-	req, err := http.NewRequestWithContext(ctx, "POST", anthropicTokenURL, strings.NewReader(string(jsonBody)))
+	req, err := http.NewRequestWithContext(ctx, "POST", TokenURL, strings.NewReader(string(jsonBody)))
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to create token request: %w", err)
 	}
@@ -221,7 +224,7 @@ func (o *ClaudeAuth) RefreshTokens(ctx context.Context, refreshToken string) (*C
 	}
 
 	reqBody := map[string]interface{}{
-		"client_id":     anthropicClientID,
+		"client_id":     ClientID,
 		"grant_type":    "refresh_token",
 		"refresh_token": refreshToken,
 	}
@@ -231,7 +234,7 @@ func (o *ClaudeAuth) RefreshTokens(ctx context.Context, refreshToken string) (*C
 		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to marshal request body: %w", err)
 	}
 
-	req, err := http.NewRequestWithContext(ctx, "POST", anthropicTokenURL, strings.NewReader(string(jsonBody)))
+	req, err := http.NewRequestWithContext(ctx, "POST", TokenURL, strings.NewReader(string(jsonBody)))
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to create refresh request: %w", err)
 	}

internal/auth/claude/utls_transport.go

@@ -0,0 +1,165 @@
+// Package claude provides authentication functionality for Anthropic's Claude API.
+// This file implements a custom HTTP transport using utls to bypass TLS fingerprinting.
+package claude
+
+import (
+	"net/http"
+	"net/url"
+	"strings"
+	"sync"
+
+	tls "github.com/refraction-networking/utls"
+	"github.com/router-for-me/CLIProxyAPI/v6/sdk/config"
+	log "github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
+	"golang.org/x/net/http2"
+	"golang.org/x/net/proxy"
+)
+
+// utlsRoundTripper implements http.RoundTripper using utls with Firefox fingerprint
+// to bypass Cloudflare's TLS fingerprinting on Anthropic domains.
+type utlsRoundTripper struct {
+	// mu protects the connections map and pending map
+	mu sync.Mutex
+	// connections caches HTTP/2 client connections per host
+	connections map[string]*http2.ClientConn
+	// pending tracks hosts that are currently being connected to (prevents race condition)
+	pending map[string]*sync.Cond
+	// dialer is used to create network connections, supporting proxies
+	dialer proxy.Dialer
+}
+
+// newUtlsRoundTripper creates a new utls-based round tripper with optional proxy support
+func newUtlsRoundTripper(cfg *config.SDKConfig) *utlsRoundTripper {
+	var dialer proxy.Dialer = proxy.Direct
+	if cfg != nil && cfg.ProxyURL != "" {
+		proxyURL, err := url.Parse(cfg.ProxyURL)
+		if err != nil {
+			log.Errorf("failed to parse proxy URL %q: %v", cfg.ProxyURL, err)
+		} else {
+			pDialer, err := proxy.FromURL(proxyURL, proxy.Direct)
+			if err != nil {
+				log.Errorf("failed to create proxy dialer for %q: %v", cfg.ProxyURL, err)
+			} else {
+				dialer = pDialer
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	return &utlsRoundTripper{
+		connections: make(map[string]*http2.ClientConn),
+		pending:     make(map[string]*sync.Cond),
+		dialer:      dialer,
+	}
+}
+
+// getOrCreateConnection gets an existing connection or creates a new one.
+// It uses a per-host locking mechanism to prevent multiple goroutines from
+// creating connections to the same host simultaneously.
+func (t *utlsRoundTripper) getOrCreateConnection(host, addr string) (*http2.ClientConn, error) {
+	t.mu.Lock()
+
+	// Check if connection exists and is usable
+	if h2Conn, ok := t.connections[host]; ok && h2Conn.CanTakeNewRequest() {
+		t.mu.Unlock()
+		return h2Conn, nil
+	}
+
+	// Check if another goroutine is already creating a connection
+	if cond, ok := t.pending[host]; ok {
+		// Wait for the other goroutine to finish
+		cond.Wait()
+		// Check if connection is now available
+		if h2Conn, ok := t.connections[host]; ok && h2Conn.CanTakeNewRequest() {
+			t.mu.Unlock()
+			return h2Conn, nil
+		}
+		// Connection still not available, we'll create one
+	}
+
+	// Mark this host as pending
+	cond := sync.NewCond(&t.mu)
+	t.pending[host] = cond
+	t.mu.Unlock()
+
+	// Create connection outside the lock
+	h2Conn, err := t.createConnection(host, addr)
+
+	t.mu.Lock()
+	defer t.mu.Unlock()
+
+	// Remove pending marker and wake up waiting goroutines
+	delete(t.pending, host)
+	cond.Broadcast()
+
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	// Store the new connection
+	t.connections[host] = h2Conn
+	return h2Conn, nil
+}
+
+// createConnection creates a new HTTP/2 connection with Firefox TLS fingerprint
+func (t *utlsRoundTripper) createConnection(host, addr string) (*http2.ClientConn, error) {
+	conn, err := t.dialer.Dial("tcp", addr)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	tlsConfig := &tls.Config{ServerName: host}
+	tlsConn := tls.UClient(conn, tlsConfig, tls.HelloFirefox_Auto)
+
+	if err := tlsConn.Handshake(); err != nil {
+		conn.Close()
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	tr := &http2.Transport{}
+	h2Conn, err := tr.NewClientConn(tlsConn)
+	if err != nil {
+		tlsConn.Close()
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	return h2Conn, nil
+}
+
+// RoundTrip implements http.RoundTripper
+func (t *utlsRoundTripper) RoundTrip(req *http.Request) (*http.Response, error) {
+	host := req.URL.Host
+	addr := host
+	if !strings.Contains(addr, ":") {
+		addr += ":443"
+	}
+
+	// Get hostname without port for TLS ServerName
+	hostname := req.URL.Hostname()
+
+	h2Conn, err := t.getOrCreateConnection(hostname, addr)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	resp, err := h2Conn.RoundTrip(req)
+	if err != nil {
+		// Connection failed, remove it from cache
+		t.mu.Lock()
+		if cached, ok := t.connections[hostname]; ok && cached == h2Conn {
+			delete(t.connections, hostname)
+		}
+		t.mu.Unlock()
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	return resp, nil
+}
+
+// NewAnthropicHttpClient creates an HTTP client that bypasses TLS fingerprinting
+// for Anthropic domains by using utls with Firefox fingerprint.
+// It accepts optional SDK configuration for proxy settings.
+func NewAnthropicHttpClient(cfg *config.SDKConfig) *http.Client {
+	return &http.Client{
+		Transport: newUtlsRoundTripper(cfg),
+	}
+}

internal/auth/codex/filename.go

@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+package codex
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+	"strings"
+	"unicode"
+)
+
+// CredentialFileName returns the filename used to persist Codex OAuth credentials.
+// When planType is available (e.g. "plus", "team"), it is appended after the email
+// as a suffix to disambiguate subscriptions.
+func CredentialFileName(email, planType, hashAccountID string, includeProviderPrefix bool) string {
+	email = strings.TrimSpace(email)
+	plan := normalizePlanTypeForFilename(planType)
+
+	prefix := ""
+	if includeProviderPrefix {
+		prefix = "codex"
+	}
+
+	if plan == "" {
+		return fmt.Sprintf("%s-%s.json", prefix, email)
+	} else if plan == "team" {
+		return fmt.Sprintf("%s-%s-%s-%s.json", prefix, hashAccountID, email, plan)
+	}
+	return fmt.Sprintf("%s-%s-%s.json", prefix, email, plan)
+}
+
+func normalizePlanTypeForFilename(planType string) string {
+	planType = strings.TrimSpace(planType)
+	if planType == "" {
+		return ""
+	}
+
+	parts := strings.FieldsFunc(planType, func(r rune) bool {
+		return !unicode.IsLetter(r) && !unicode.IsDigit(r)
+	})
+	if len(parts) == 0 {
+		return ""
+	}
+
+	for i, part := range parts {
+		parts[i] = strings.ToLower(strings.TrimSpace(part))
+	}
+	return strings.Join(parts, "-")
+}

internal/auth/codex/openai_auth.go

@@ -19,11 +19,12 @@ import (
 	log "github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
 )
 
+// OAuth configuration constants for OpenAI Codex
 const (
-	openaiAuthURL  = "https://auth.openai.com/oauth/authorize"
-	openaiTokenURL = "https://auth.openai.com/oauth/token"
-	openaiClientID = "app_EMoamEEZ73f0CkXaXp7hrann"
-	redirectURI    = "http://localhost:1455/auth/callback"
+	AuthURL     = "https://auth.openai.com/oauth/authorize"
+	TokenURL    = "https://auth.openai.com/oauth/token"
+	ClientID    = "app_EMoamEEZ73f0CkXaXp7hrann"
+	RedirectURI = "http://localhost:1455/auth/callback"
 )
 
 // CodexAuth handles the OpenAI OAuth2 authentication flow.
@@ -50,9 +51,9 @@ func (o *CodexAuth) GenerateAuthURL(state string, pkceCodes *PKCECodes) (string,
 	}
 
 	params := url.Values{
-		"client_id":                  {openaiClientID},
+		"client_id":                  {ClientID},
 		"response_type":              {"code"},
-		"redirect_uri":               {redirectURI},
+		"redirect_uri":               {RedirectURI},
 		"scope":                      {"openid email profile offline_access"},
 		"state":                      {state},
 		"code_challenge":             {pkceCodes.CodeChallenge},
@@ -62,7 +63,7 @@ func (o *CodexAuth) GenerateAuthURL(state string, pkceCodes *PKCECodes) (string,
 		"codex_cli_simplified_flow":  {"true"},
 	}
 
-	authURL := fmt.Sprintf("%s?%s", openaiAuthURL, params.Encode())
+	authURL := fmt.Sprintf("%s?%s", AuthURL, params.Encode())
 	return authURL, nil
 }
 
@@ -77,13 +78,13 @@ func (o *CodexAuth) ExchangeCodeForTokens(ctx context.Context, code string, pkce
 	// Prepare token exchange request
 	data := url.Values{
 		"grant_type":    {"authorization_code"},
-		"client_id":     {openaiClientID},
+		"client_id":     {ClientID},
 		"code":          {code},
-		"redirect_uri":  {redirectURI},
+		"redirect_uri":  {RedirectURI},
 		"code_verifier": {pkceCodes.CodeVerifier},
 	}
 
-	req, err := http.NewRequestWithContext(ctx, "POST", openaiTokenURL, strings.NewReader(data.Encode()))
+	req, err := http.NewRequestWithContext(ctx, "POST", TokenURL, strings.NewReader(data.Encode()))
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to create token request: %w", err)
 	}
@@ -163,13 +164,13 @@ func (o *CodexAuth) RefreshTokens(ctx context.Context, refreshToken string) (*Co
 	}
 
 	data := url.Values{
-		"client_id":     {openaiClientID},
+		"client_id":     {ClientID},
 		"grant_type":    {"refresh_token"},
 		"refresh_token": {refreshToken},
 		"scope":         {"openid profile email"},
 	}
 
-	req, err := http.NewRequestWithContext(ctx, "POST", openaiTokenURL, strings.NewReader(data.Encode()))
+	req, err := http.NewRequestWithContext(ctx, "POST", TokenURL, strings.NewReader(data.Encode()))
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to create refresh request: %w", err)
 	}

internal/auth/gemini/gemini_auth.go

@@ -28,18 +28,19 @@ import (
 	"golang.org/x/oauth2/google"
 )
 
+// OAuth configuration constants for Gemini
 const (
-	geminiOauthClientID     = "681255809395-oo8ft2oprdrnp9e3aqf6av3hmdib135j.apps.googleusercontent.com"
-	geminiOauthClientSecret = "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"
+	ClientID            = "681255809395-oo8ft2oprdrnp9e3aqf6av3hmdib135j.apps.googleusercontent.com"
+	ClientSecret        = "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"
+	DefaultCallbackPort = 8085
 )
 
-var (
-	geminiOauthScopes = []string{
-		"https://www.googleapis.com/auth/cloud-platform",
-		"https://www.googleapis.com/auth/userinfo.email",
-		"https://www.googleapis.com/auth/userinfo.profile",
-	}
-)
+// OAuth scopes for Gemini authentication
+var Scopes = []string{
+	"https://www.googleapis.com/auth/cloud-platform",
+	"https://www.googleapis.com/auth/userinfo.email",
+	"https://www.googleapis.com/auth/userinfo.profile",
+}
 
 // GeminiAuth provides methods for handling the Gemini OAuth2 authentication flow.
 // It encapsulates the logic for obtaining, storing, and refreshing authentication tokens
@@ -49,8 +50,9 @@ type GeminiAuth struct {
 
 // WebLoginOptions customizes the interactive OAuth flow.
 type WebLoginOptions struct {
-	NoBrowser bool
-	Prompt    func(string) (string, error)
+	NoBrowser    bool
+	CallbackPort int
+	Prompt       func(string) (string, error)
 }
 
 // NewGeminiAuth creates a new instance of GeminiAuth.
@@ -72,6 +74,12 @@ func NewGeminiAuth() *GeminiAuth {
 //   - *http.Client: An HTTP client configured with authentication
 //   - error: An error if the client configuration fails, nil otherwise
 func (g *GeminiAuth) GetAuthenticatedClient(ctx context.Context, ts *GeminiTokenStorage, cfg *config.Config, opts *WebLoginOptions) (*http.Client, error) {
+	callbackPort := DefaultCallbackPort
+	if opts != nil && opts.CallbackPort > 0 {
+		callbackPort = opts.CallbackPort
+	}
+	callbackURL := fmt.Sprintf("http://localhost:%d/oauth2callback", callbackPort)
+
 	// Configure proxy settings for the HTTP client if a proxy URL is provided.
 	proxyURL, err := url.Parse(cfg.ProxyURL)
 	if err == nil {
@@ -104,10 +112,10 @@ func (g *GeminiAuth) GetAuthenticatedClient(ctx context.Context, ts *GeminiToken
 
 	// Configure the OAuth2 client.
 	conf := &oauth2.Config{
-		ClientID:     geminiOauthClientID,
-		ClientSecret: geminiOauthClientSecret,
-		RedirectURL:  "http://localhost:8085/oauth2callback", // This will be used by the local server.
-		Scopes:       geminiOauthScopes,
+		ClientID:     ClientID,
+		ClientSecret: ClientSecret,
+		RedirectURL:  callbackURL, // This will be used by the local server.
+		Scopes:       Scopes,
 		Endpoint:     google.Endpoint,
 	}
 
@@ -190,9 +198,9 @@ func (g *GeminiAuth) createTokenStorage(ctx context.Context, config *oauth2.Conf
 	}
 
 	ifToken["token_uri"] = "https://oauth2.googleapis.com/token"
-	ifToken["client_id"] = geminiOauthClientID
-	ifToken["client_secret"] = geminiOauthClientSecret
-	ifToken["scopes"] = geminiOauthScopes
+	ifToken["client_id"] = ClientID
+	ifToken["client_secret"] = ClientSecret
+	ifToken["scopes"] = Scopes
 	ifToken["universe_domain"] = "googleapis.com"
 
 	ts := GeminiTokenStorage{
@@ -218,14 +226,20 @@ func (g *GeminiAuth) createTokenStorage(ctx context.Context, config *oauth2.Conf
 //   - *oauth2.Token: The OAuth2 token obtained from the authorization flow
 //   - error: An error if the token acquisition fails, nil otherwise
 func (g *GeminiAuth) getTokenFromWeb(ctx context.Context, config *oauth2.Config, opts *WebLoginOptions) (*oauth2.Token, error) {
+	callbackPort := DefaultCallbackPort
+	if opts != nil && opts.CallbackPort > 0 {
+		callbackPort = opts.CallbackPort
+	}
+	callbackURL := fmt.Sprintf("http://localhost:%d/oauth2callback", callbackPort)
+
 	// Use a channel to pass the authorization code from the HTTP handler to the main function.
 	codeChan := make(chan string, 1)
 	errChan := make(chan error, 1)
 
 	// Create a new HTTP server with its own multiplexer.
 	mux := http.NewServeMux()
-	server := &http.Server{Addr: ":8085", Handler: mux}
-	config.RedirectURL = "http://localhost:8085/oauth2callback"
+	server := &http.Server{Addr: fmt.Sprintf(":%d", callbackPort), Handler: mux}
+	config.RedirectURL = callbackURL
 
 	mux.HandleFunc("/oauth2callback", func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
 		if err := r.URL.Query().Get("error"); err != "" {
@@ -277,13 +291,13 @@ func (g *GeminiAuth) getTokenFromWeb(ctx context.Context, config *oauth2.Config,
 		// Check if browser is available
 		if !browser.IsAvailable() {
 			log.Warn("No browser available on this system")
-			util.PrintSSHTunnelInstructions(8085)
+			util.PrintSSHTunnelInstructions(callbackPort)
 			fmt.Printf("Please manually open this URL in your browser:\n\n%s\n", authURL)
 		} else {
 			if err := browser.OpenURL(authURL); err != nil {
 				authErr := codex.NewAuthenticationError(codex.ErrBrowserOpenFailed, err)
 				log.Warn(codex.GetUserFriendlyMessage(authErr))
-				util.PrintSSHTunnelInstructions(8085)
+				util.PrintSSHTunnelInstructions(callbackPort)
 				fmt.Printf("Please manually open this URL in your browser:\n\n%s\n", authURL)
 
 				// Log platform info for debugging
@@ -294,7 +308,7 @@ func (g *GeminiAuth) getTokenFromWeb(ctx context.Context, config *oauth2.Config,
 			}
 		}
 	} else {
-		util.PrintSSHTunnelInstructions(8085)
+		util.PrintSSHTunnelInstructions(callbackPort)
 		fmt.Printf("Please open this URL in your browser:\n\n%s\n", authURL)
 	}
 

internal/auth/kilo/kilo_auth.go

@@ -0,0 +1,168 @@
+// Package kilo provides authentication and token management functionality
+// for Kilo AI services.
+package kilo
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"encoding/json"
+	"fmt"
+	"net/http"
+	"time"
+)
+
+const (
+	// BaseURL is the base URL for the Kilo AI API.
+	BaseURL = "https://api.kilo.ai/api"
+)
+
+// DeviceAuthResponse represents the response from initiating device flow.
+type DeviceAuthResponse struct {
+	Code            string `json:"code"`
+	VerificationURL string `json:"verificationUrl"`
+	ExpiresIn       int    `json:"expiresIn"`
+}
+
+// DeviceStatusResponse represents the response when polling for device flow status.
+type DeviceStatusResponse struct {
+	Status    string `json:"status"`
+	Token     string `json:"token"`
+	UserEmail string `json:"userEmail"`
+}
+
+// Profile represents the user profile from Kilo AI.
+type Profile struct {
+	Email string         `json:"email"`
+	Orgs  []Organization `json:"organizations"`
+}
+
+// Organization represents a Kilo AI organization.
+type Organization struct {
+	ID   string `json:"id"`
+	Name string `json:"name"`
+}
+
+// Defaults represents default settings for an organization or user.
+type Defaults struct {
+	Model string `json:"model"`
+}
+
+// KiloAuth provides methods for handling the Kilo AI authentication flow.
+type KiloAuth struct {
+	client *http.Client
+}
+
+// NewKiloAuth creates a new instance of KiloAuth.
+func NewKiloAuth() *KiloAuth {
+	return &KiloAuth{
+		client: &http.Client{Timeout: 30 * time.Second},
+	}
+}
+
+// InitiateDeviceFlow starts the device authentication flow.
+func (k *KiloAuth) InitiateDeviceFlow(ctx context.Context) (*DeviceAuthResponse, error) {
+	resp, err := k.client.Post(BaseURL+"/device-auth/codes", "application/json", nil)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	defer resp.Body.Close()
+
+	if resp.StatusCode != http.StatusCreated && resp.StatusCode != http.StatusOK {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to initiate device flow: status %d", resp.StatusCode)
+	}
+
+	var data DeviceAuthResponse
+	if err := json.NewDecoder(resp.Body).Decode(&data); err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	return &data, nil
+}
+
+// PollForToken polls for the device flow completion.
+func (k *KiloAuth) PollForToken(ctx context.Context, code string) (*DeviceStatusResponse, error) {
+	ticker := time.NewTicker(5 * time.Second)
+	defer ticker.Stop()
+
+	for {
+		select {
+		case <-ctx.Done():
+			return nil, ctx.Err()
+		case <-ticker.C:
+			resp, err := k.client.Get(BaseURL + "/device-auth/codes/" + code)
+			if err != nil {
+				return nil, err
+			}
+			defer resp.Body.Close()
+
+			var data DeviceStatusResponse
+			if err := json.NewDecoder(resp.Body).Decode(&data); err != nil {
+				return nil, err
+			}
+
+			switch data.Status {
+			case "approved":
+				return &data, nil
+			case "denied", "expired":
+				return nil, fmt.Errorf("device flow %s", data.Status)
+			case "pending":
+				continue
+			default:
+				return nil, fmt.Errorf("unknown status: %s", data.Status)
+			}
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+// GetProfile fetches the user's profile.
+func (k *KiloAuth) GetProfile(ctx context.Context, token string) (*Profile, error) {
+	req, err := http.NewRequestWithContext(ctx, "GET", BaseURL+"/profile", nil)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to create get profile request: %w", err)
+	}
+	req.Header.Set("Authorization", "Bearer "+token)
+
+	resp, err := k.client.Do(req)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	defer resp.Body.Close()
+
+	if resp.StatusCode != http.StatusOK {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to get profile: status %d", resp.StatusCode)
+	}
+
+	var profile Profile
+	if err := json.NewDecoder(resp.Body).Decode(&profile); err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	return &profile, nil
+}
+
+// GetDefaults fetches default settings for an organization.
+func (k *KiloAuth) GetDefaults(ctx context.Context, token, orgID string) (*Defaults, error) {
+	url := BaseURL + "/defaults"
+	if orgID != "" {
+		url = BaseURL + "/organizations/" + orgID + "/defaults"
+	}
+
+	req, err := http.NewRequestWithContext(ctx, "GET", url, nil)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to create get defaults request: %w", err)
+	}
+	req.Header.Set("Authorization", "Bearer "+token)
+
+	resp, err := k.client.Do(req)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	defer resp.Body.Close()
+
+	if resp.StatusCode != http.StatusOK {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to get defaults: status %d", resp.StatusCode)
+	}
+
+	var defaults Defaults
+	if err := json.NewDecoder(resp.Body).Decode(&defaults); err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	return &defaults, nil
+}

internal/auth/kilo/kilo_token.go

@@ -0,0 +1,60 @@
+// Package kilo provides authentication and token management functionality
+// for Kilo AI services.
+package kilo
+
+import (
+	"encoding/json"
+	"fmt"
+	"os"
+	"path/filepath"
+
+	"github.com/router-for-me/CLIProxyAPI/v6/internal/misc"
+	log "github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
+)
+
+// KiloTokenStorage stores token information for Kilo AI authentication.
+type KiloTokenStorage struct {
+	// Token is the Kilo access token.
+	Token string `json:"kilocodeToken"`
+
+	// OrganizationID is the Kilo organization ID.
+	OrganizationID string `json:"kilocodeOrganizationId"`
+
+	// Model is the default model to use.
+	Model string `json:"kilocodeModel"`
+
+	// Email is the email address of the authenticated user.
+	Email string `json:"email"`
+
+	// Type indicates the authentication provider type, always "kilo" for this storage.
+	Type string `json:"type"`
+}
+
+// SaveTokenToFile serializes the Kilo token storage to a JSON file.
+func (ts *KiloTokenStorage) SaveTokenToFile(authFilePath string) error {
+	misc.LogSavingCredentials(authFilePath)
+	ts.Type = "kilo"
+	if err := os.MkdirAll(filepath.Dir(authFilePath), 0700); err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("failed to create directory: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	f, err := os.Create(authFilePath)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("failed to create token file: %w", err)
+	}
+	defer func() {
+		if errClose := f.Close(); errClose != nil {
+			log.Errorf("failed to close file: %v", errClose)
+		}
+	}()
+
+	if err = json.NewEncoder(f).Encode(ts); err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("failed to write token to file: %w", err)
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+// CredentialFileName returns the filename used to persist Kilo credentials.
+func CredentialFileName(email string) string {
+	return fmt.Sprintf("kilo-%s.json", email)
+}

internal/auth/kimi/kimi.go

@@ -0,0 +1,396 @@
+// Package kimi provides authentication and token management for Kimi (Moonshot AI) API.
+// It handles the RFC 8628 OAuth2 Device Authorization Grant flow for secure authentication.
+package kimi
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"encoding/json"
+	"fmt"
+	"io"
+	"net/http"
+	"net/url"
+	"os"
+	"runtime"
+	"strings"
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/google/uuid"
+	"github.com/router-for-me/CLIProxyAPI/v6/internal/config"
+	"github.com/router-for-me/CLIProxyAPI/v6/internal/util"
+	log "github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
+)
+
+const (
+	// kimiClientID is Kimi Code's OAuth client ID.
+	kimiClientID = "17e5f671-d194-4dfb-9706-5516cb48c098"
+	// kimiOAuthHost is the OAuth server endpoint.
+	kimiOAuthHost = "https://auth.kimi.com"
+	// kimiDeviceCodeURL is the endpoint for requesting device codes.
+	kimiDeviceCodeURL = kimiOAuthHost + "/api/oauth/device_authorization"
+	// kimiTokenURL is the endpoint for exchanging device codes for tokens.
+	kimiTokenURL = kimiOAuthHost + "/api/oauth/token"
+	// KimiAPIBaseURL is the base URL for Kimi API requests.
+	KimiAPIBaseURL = "https://api.kimi.com/coding"
+	// defaultPollInterval is the default interval for polling token endpoint.
+	defaultPollInterval = 5 * time.Second
+	// maxPollDuration is the maximum time to wait for user authorization.
+	maxPollDuration = 15 * time.Minute
+	// refreshThresholdSeconds is when to refresh token before expiry (5 minutes).
+	refreshThresholdSeconds = 300
+)
+
+// KimiAuth handles Kimi authentication flow.
+type KimiAuth struct {
+	deviceClient *DeviceFlowClient
+	cfg          *config.Config
+}
+
+// NewKimiAuth creates a new KimiAuth service instance.
+func NewKimiAuth(cfg *config.Config) *KimiAuth {
+	return &KimiAuth{
+		deviceClient: NewDeviceFlowClient(cfg),
+		cfg:          cfg,
+	}
+}
+
+// StartDeviceFlow initiates the device flow authentication.
+func (k *KimiAuth) StartDeviceFlow(ctx context.Context) (*DeviceCodeResponse, error) {
+	return k.deviceClient.RequestDeviceCode(ctx)
+}
+
+// WaitForAuthorization polls for user authorization and returns the auth bundle.
+func (k *KimiAuth) WaitForAuthorization(ctx context.Context, deviceCode *DeviceCodeResponse) (*KimiAuthBundle, error) {
+	tokenData, err := k.deviceClient.PollForToken(ctx, deviceCode)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	return &KimiAuthBundle{
+		TokenData: tokenData,
+		DeviceID:  k.deviceClient.deviceID,
+	}, nil
+}
+
+// CreateTokenStorage creates a new KimiTokenStorage from auth bundle.
+func (k *KimiAuth) CreateTokenStorage(bundle *KimiAuthBundle) *KimiTokenStorage {
+	expired := ""
+	if bundle.TokenData.ExpiresAt > 0 {
+		expired = time.Unix(bundle.TokenData.ExpiresAt, 0).UTC().Format(time.RFC3339)
+	}
+	return &KimiTokenStorage{
+		AccessToken:  bundle.TokenData.AccessToken,
+		RefreshToken: bundle.TokenData.RefreshToken,
+		TokenType:    bundle.TokenData.TokenType,
+		Scope:        bundle.TokenData.Scope,
+		DeviceID:     strings.TrimSpace(bundle.DeviceID),
+		Expired:      expired,
+		Type:         "kimi",
+	}
+}
+
+// DeviceFlowClient handles the OAuth2 device flow for Kimi.
+type DeviceFlowClient struct {
+	httpClient *http.Client
+	cfg        *config.Config
+	deviceID   string
+}
+
+// NewDeviceFlowClient creates a new device flow client.
+func NewDeviceFlowClient(cfg *config.Config) *DeviceFlowClient {
+	return NewDeviceFlowClientWithDeviceID(cfg, "")
+}
+
+// NewDeviceFlowClientWithDeviceID creates a new device flow client with the specified device ID.
+func NewDeviceFlowClientWithDeviceID(cfg *config.Config, deviceID string) *DeviceFlowClient {
+	client := &http.Client{Timeout: 30 * time.Second}
+	if cfg != nil {
+		client = util.SetProxy(&cfg.SDKConfig, client)
+	}
+	resolvedDeviceID := strings.TrimSpace(deviceID)
+	if resolvedDeviceID == "" {
+		resolvedDeviceID = getOrCreateDeviceID()
+	}
+	return &DeviceFlowClient{
+		httpClient: client,
+		cfg:        cfg,
+		deviceID:   resolvedDeviceID,
+	}
+}
+
+// getOrCreateDeviceID returns an in-memory device ID for the current authentication flow.
+func getOrCreateDeviceID() string {
+	return uuid.New().String()
+}
+
+// getDeviceModel returns a device model string.
+func getDeviceModel() string {
+	osName := runtime.GOOS
+	arch := runtime.GOARCH
+
+	switch osName {
+	case "darwin":
+		return fmt.Sprintf("macOS %s", arch)
+	case "windows":
+		return fmt.Sprintf("Windows %s", arch)
+	case "linux":
+		return fmt.Sprintf("Linux %s", arch)
+	default:
+		return fmt.Sprintf("%s %s", osName, arch)
+	}
+}
+
+// getHostname returns the machine hostname.
+func getHostname() string {
+	hostname, err := os.Hostname()
+	if err != nil {
+		return "unknown"
+	}
+	return hostname
+}
+
+// commonHeaders returns headers required for Kimi API requests.
+func (c *DeviceFlowClient) commonHeaders() map[string]string {
+	return map[string]string{
+		"X-Msh-Platform":     "cli-proxy-api",
+		"X-Msh-Version":      "1.0.0",
+		"X-Msh-Device-Name":  getHostname(),
+		"X-Msh-Device-Model": getDeviceModel(),
+		"X-Msh-Device-Id":    c.deviceID,
+	}
+}
+
+// RequestDeviceCode initiates the device flow by requesting a device code from Kimi.
+func (c *DeviceFlowClient) RequestDeviceCode(ctx context.Context) (*DeviceCodeResponse, error) {
+	data := url.Values{}
+	data.Set("client_id", kimiClientID)
+
+	req, err := http.NewRequestWithContext(ctx, http.MethodPost, kimiDeviceCodeURL, strings.NewReader(data.Encode()))
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("kimi: failed to create device code request: %w", err)
+	}
+	req.Header.Set("Content-Type", "application/x-www-form-urlencoded")
+	req.Header.Set("Accept", "application/json")
+	for k, v := range c.commonHeaders() {
+		req.Header.Set(k, v)
+	}
+
+	resp, err := c.httpClient.Do(req)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("kimi: device code request failed: %w", err)
+	}
+	defer func() {
+		if errClose := resp.Body.Close(); errClose != nil {
+			log.Errorf("kimi device code: close body error: %v", errClose)
+		}
+	}()
+
+	bodyBytes, err := io.ReadAll(resp.Body)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("kimi: failed to read device code response: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	if resp.StatusCode != http.StatusOK {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("kimi: device code request failed with status %d: %s", resp.StatusCode, string(bodyBytes))
+	}
+
+	var deviceCode DeviceCodeResponse
+	if err = json.Unmarshal(bodyBytes, &deviceCode); err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("kimi: failed to parse device code response: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	return &deviceCode, nil
+}
+
+// PollForToken polls the token endpoint until the user authorizes or the device code expires.
+func (c *DeviceFlowClient) PollForToken(ctx context.Context, deviceCode *DeviceCodeResponse) (*KimiTokenData, error) {
+	if deviceCode == nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("kimi: device code is nil")
+	}
+
+	interval := time.Duration(deviceCode.Interval) * time.Second
+	if interval < defaultPollInterval {
+		interval = defaultPollInterval
+	}
+
+	deadline := time.Now().Add(maxPollDuration)
+	if deviceCode.ExpiresIn > 0 {
+		codeDeadline := time.Now().Add(time.Duration(deviceCode.ExpiresIn) * time.Second)
+		if codeDeadline.Before(deadline) {
+			deadline = codeDeadline
+		}
+	}
+
+	ticker := time.NewTicker(interval)
+	defer ticker.Stop()
+
+	for {
+		select {
+		case <-ctx.Done():
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("kimi: context cancelled: %w", ctx.Err())
+		case <-ticker.C:
+			if time.Now().After(deadline) {
+				return nil, fmt.Errorf("kimi: device code expired")
+			}
+
+			token, pollErr, shouldContinue := c.exchangeDeviceCode(ctx, deviceCode.DeviceCode)
+			if token != nil {
+				return token, nil
+			}
+			if !shouldContinue {
+				return nil, pollErr
+			}
+			// Continue polling
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+// exchangeDeviceCode attempts to exchange the device code for an access token.
+// Returns (token, error, shouldContinue).
+func (c *DeviceFlowClient) exchangeDeviceCode(ctx context.Context, deviceCode string) (*KimiTokenData, error, bool) {
+	data := url.Values{}
+	data.Set("client_id", kimiClientID)
+	data.Set("device_code", deviceCode)
+	data.Set("grant_type", "urn:ietf:params:oauth:grant-type:device_code")
+
+	req, err := http.NewRequestWithContext(ctx, http.MethodPost, kimiTokenURL, strings.NewReader(data.Encode()))
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("kimi: failed to create token request: %w", err), false
+	}
+	req.Header.Set("Content-Type", "application/x-www-form-urlencoded")
+	req.Header.Set("Accept", "application/json")
+	for k, v := range c.commonHeaders() {
+		req.Header.Set(k, v)
+	}
+
+	resp, err := c.httpClient.Do(req)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("kimi: token request failed: %w", err), false
+	}
+	defer func() {
+		if errClose := resp.Body.Close(); errClose != nil {
+			log.Errorf("kimi token exchange: close body error: %v", errClose)
+		}
+	}()
+
+	bodyBytes, err := io.ReadAll(resp.Body)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("kimi: failed to read token response: %w", err), false
+	}
+
+	// Parse response - Kimi returns 200 for both success and pending states
+	var oauthResp struct {
+		Error            string  `json:"error"`
+		ErrorDescription string  `json:"error_description"`
+		AccessToken      string  `json:"access_token"`
+		RefreshToken     string  `json:"refresh_token"`
+		TokenType        string  `json:"token_type"`
+		ExpiresIn        float64 `json:"expires_in"`
+		Scope            string  `json:"scope"`
+	}
+
+	if err = json.Unmarshal(bodyBytes, &oauthResp); err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("kimi: failed to parse token response: %w", err), false
+	}
+
+	if oauthResp.Error != "" {
+		switch oauthResp.Error {
+		case "authorization_pending":
+			return nil, nil, true // Continue polling
+		case "slow_down":
+			return nil, nil, true // Continue polling (with increased interval handled by caller)
+		case "expired_token":
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("kimi: device code expired"), false
+		case "access_denied":
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("kimi: access denied by user"), false
+		default:
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("kimi: OAuth error: %s - %s", oauthResp.Error, oauthResp.ErrorDescription), false
+		}
+	}
+
+	if oauthResp.AccessToken == "" {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("kimi: empty access token in response"), false
+	}
+
+	var expiresAt int64
+	if oauthResp.ExpiresIn > 0 {
+		expiresAt = time.Now().Unix() + int64(oauthResp.ExpiresIn)
+	}
+
+	return &KimiTokenData{
+		AccessToken:  oauthResp.AccessToken,
+		RefreshToken: oauthResp.RefreshToken,
+		TokenType:    oauthResp.TokenType,
+		ExpiresAt:    expiresAt,
+		Scope:        oauthResp.Scope,
+	}, nil, false
+}
+
+// RefreshToken exchanges a refresh token for a new access token.
+func (c *DeviceFlowClient) RefreshToken(ctx context.Context, refreshToken string) (*KimiTokenData, error) {
+	data := url.Values{}
+	data.Set("client_id", kimiClientID)
+	data.Set("grant_type", "refresh_token")
+	data.Set("refresh_token", refreshToken)
+
+	req, err := http.NewRequestWithContext(ctx, http.MethodPost, kimiTokenURL, strings.NewReader(data.Encode()))
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("kimi: failed to create refresh request: %w", err)
+	}
+	req.Header.Set("Content-Type", "application/x-www-form-urlencoded")
+	req.Header.Set("Accept", "application/json")
+	for k, v := range c.commonHeaders() {
+		req.Header.Set(k, v)
+	}
+
+	resp, err := c.httpClient.Do(req)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("kimi: refresh request failed: %w", err)
+	}
+	defer func() {
+		if errClose := resp.Body.Close(); errClose != nil {
+			log.Errorf("kimi refresh token: close body error: %v", errClose)
+		}
+	}()
+
+	bodyBytes, err := io.ReadAll(resp.Body)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("kimi: failed to read refresh response: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	if resp.StatusCode == http.StatusUnauthorized || resp.StatusCode == http.StatusForbidden {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("kimi: refresh token rejected (status %d)", resp.StatusCode)
+	}
+
+	if resp.StatusCode != http.StatusOK {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("kimi: refresh failed with status %d: %s", resp.StatusCode, string(bodyBytes))
+	}
+
+	var tokenResp struct {
+		AccessToken  string  `json:"access_token"`
+		RefreshToken string  `json:"refresh_token"`
+		TokenType    string  `json:"token_type"`
+		ExpiresIn    float64 `json:"expires_in"`
+		Scope        string  `json:"scope"`
+	}
+
+	if err = json.Unmarshal(bodyBytes, &tokenResp); err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("kimi: failed to parse refresh response: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	if tokenResp.AccessToken == "" {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("kimi: empty access token in refresh response")
+	}
+
+	var expiresAt int64
+	if tokenResp.ExpiresIn > 0 {
+		expiresAt = time.Now().Unix() + int64(tokenResp.ExpiresIn)
+	}
+
+	return &KimiTokenData{
+		AccessToken:  tokenResp.AccessToken,
+		RefreshToken: tokenResp.RefreshToken,
+		TokenType:    tokenResp.TokenType,
+		ExpiresAt:    expiresAt,
+		Scope:        tokenResp.Scope,
+	}, nil
+}

internal/auth/kimi/token.go

@@ -0,0 +1,116 @@
+// Package kimi provides authentication and token management functionality
+// for Kimi (Moonshot AI) services. It handles OAuth2 device flow token storage,
+// serialization, and retrieval for maintaining authenticated sessions with the Kimi API.
+package kimi
+
+import (
+	"encoding/json"
+	"fmt"
+	"os"
+	"path/filepath"
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/router-for-me/CLIProxyAPI/v6/internal/misc"
+)
+
+// KimiTokenStorage stores OAuth2 token information for Kimi API authentication.
+type KimiTokenStorage struct {
+	// AccessToken is the OAuth2 access token used for authenticating API requests.
+	AccessToken string `json:"access_token"`
+	// RefreshToken is the OAuth2 refresh token used to obtain new access tokens.
+	RefreshToken string `json:"refresh_token"`
+	// TokenType is the type of token, typically "Bearer".
+	TokenType string `json:"token_type"`
+	// Scope is the OAuth2 scope granted to the token.
+	Scope string `json:"scope,omitempty"`
+	// DeviceID is the OAuth device flow identifier used for Kimi requests.
+	DeviceID string `json:"device_id,omitempty"`
+	// Expired is the RFC3339 timestamp when the access token expires.
+	Expired string `json:"expired,omitempty"`
+	// Type indicates the authentication provider type, always "kimi" for this storage.
+	Type string `json:"type"`
+}
+
+// KimiTokenData holds the raw OAuth token response from Kimi.
+type KimiTokenData struct {
+	// AccessToken is the OAuth2 access token.
+	AccessToken string `json:"access_token"`
+	// RefreshToken is the OAuth2 refresh token.
+	RefreshToken string `json:"refresh_token"`
+	// TokenType is the type of token, typically "Bearer".
+	TokenType string `json:"token_type"`
+	// ExpiresAt is the Unix timestamp when the token expires.
+	ExpiresAt int64 `json:"expires_at"`
+	// Scope is the OAuth2 scope granted to the token.
+	Scope string `json:"scope"`
+}
+
+// KimiAuthBundle bundles authentication data for storage.
+type KimiAuthBundle struct {
+	// TokenData contains the OAuth token information.
+	TokenData *KimiTokenData
+	// DeviceID is the device identifier used during OAuth device flow.
+	DeviceID string
+}
+
+// DeviceCodeResponse represents Kimi's device code response.
+type DeviceCodeResponse struct {
+	// DeviceCode is the device verification code.
+	DeviceCode string `json:"device_code"`
+	// UserCode is the code the user must enter at the verification URI.
+	UserCode string `json:"user_code"`
+	// VerificationURI is the URL where the user should enter the code.
+	VerificationURI string `json:"verification_uri,omitempty"`
+	// VerificationURIComplete is the URL with the code pre-filled.
+	VerificationURIComplete string `json:"verification_uri_complete"`
+	// ExpiresIn is the number of seconds until the device code expires.
+	ExpiresIn int `json:"expires_in"`
+	// Interval is the minimum number of seconds to wait between polling requests.
+	Interval int `json:"interval"`
+}
+
+// SaveTokenToFile serializes the Kimi token storage to a JSON file.
+func (ts *KimiTokenStorage) SaveTokenToFile(authFilePath string) error {
+	misc.LogSavingCredentials(authFilePath)
+	ts.Type = "kimi"
+
+	if err := os.MkdirAll(filepath.Dir(authFilePath), 0700); err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("failed to create directory: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	f, err := os.Create(authFilePath)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("failed to create token file: %w", err)
+	}
+	defer func() {
+		_ = f.Close()
+	}()
+
+	encoder := json.NewEncoder(f)
+	encoder.SetIndent("", "  ")
+	if err = encoder.Encode(ts); err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("failed to write token to file: %w", err)
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+// IsExpired checks if the token has expired.
+func (ts *KimiTokenStorage) IsExpired() bool {
+	if ts.Expired == "" {
+		return false // No expiry set, assume valid
+	}
+	t, err := time.Parse(time.RFC3339, ts.Expired)
+	if err != nil {
+		return true // Has expiry string but can't parse
+	}
+	// Consider expired if within refresh threshold
+	return time.Now().Add(time.Duration(refreshThresholdSeconds) * time.Second).After(t)
+}
+
+// NeedsRefresh checks if the token should be refreshed.
+func (ts *KimiTokenStorage) NeedsRefresh() bool {
+	if ts.RefreshToken == "" {
+		return false // Can't refresh without refresh token
+	}
+	return ts.IsExpired()
+}

internal/auth/kiro/aws.go

@@ -5,10 +5,12 @@ package kiro
 import (
 	"encoding/base64"
 	"encoding/json"
+	"errors"
 	"fmt"
 	"os"
 	"path/filepath"
 	"strings"
+	"time"
 )
 
 // PKCECodes holds PKCE verification codes for OAuth2 PKCE flow
@@ -30,14 +32,17 @@ type KiroTokenData struct {
 	ProfileArn string `json:"profileArn"`
 	// ExpiresAt is the timestamp when the token expires
 	ExpiresAt string `json:"expiresAt"`
-	// AuthMethod indicates the authentication method used (e.g., "builder-id", "social")
+	// AuthMethod indicates the authentication method used (e.g., "builder-id", "social", "idc")
 	AuthMethod string `json:"authMethod"`
-	// Provider indicates the OAuth provider (e.g., "AWS", "Google")
+	// Provider indicates the OAuth provider (e.g., "AWS", "Google", "Enterprise")
 	Provider string `json:"provider"`
 	// ClientID is the OIDC client ID (needed for token refresh)
 	ClientID string `json:"clientId,omitempty"`
 	// ClientSecret is the OIDC client secret (needed for token refresh)
 	ClientSecret string `json:"clientSecret,omitempty"`
+	// ClientIDHash is the hash of client ID used to locate device registration file
+	// (Enterprise Kiro IDE stores clientId/clientSecret in ~/.aws/sso/cache/{clientIdHash}.json)
+	ClientIDHash string `json:"clientIdHash,omitempty"`
 	// Email is the user's email address (used for file naming)
 	Email string `json:"email,omitempty"`
 	// StartURL is the IDC/Identity Center start URL (only for IDC auth method)
@@ -85,7 +90,90 @@ type KiroModel struct {
 // KiroIDETokenFile is the default path to Kiro IDE's token file
 const KiroIDETokenFile = ".aws/sso/cache/kiro-auth-token.json"
 
+// Default retry configuration for file reading
+const (
+	defaultTokenReadMaxAttempts = 10                    // Maximum retry attempts
+	defaultTokenReadBaseDelay   = 50 * time.Millisecond // Base delay between retries
+)
+
+// isTransientFileError checks if the error is a transient file access error
+// that may be resolved by retrying (e.g., file locked by another process on Windows).
+func isTransientFileError(err error) bool {
+	if err == nil {
+		return false
+	}
+
+	// Check for OS-level file access errors (Windows sharing violation, etc.)
+	var pathErr *os.PathError
+	if errors.As(err, &pathErr) {
+		// Windows sharing violation (ERROR_SHARING_VIOLATION = 32)
+		// Windows lock violation (ERROR_LOCK_VIOLATION = 33)
+		errStr := pathErr.Err.Error()
+		if strings.Contains(errStr, "being used by another process") ||
+			strings.Contains(errStr, "sharing violation") ||
+			strings.Contains(errStr, "lock violation") {
+			return true
+		}
+	}
+
+	// Check error message for common transient patterns
+	errMsg := strings.ToLower(err.Error())
+	transientPatterns := []string{
+		"being used by another process",
+		"sharing violation",
+		"lock violation",
+		"access is denied",
+		"unexpected end of json",
+		"unexpected eof",
+	}
+	for _, pattern := range transientPatterns {
+		if strings.Contains(errMsg, pattern) {
+			return true
+		}
+	}
+
+	return false
+}
+
+// LoadKiroIDETokenWithRetry loads token data from Kiro IDE's token file with retry logic.
+// This handles transient file access errors (e.g., file locked by Kiro IDE during write).
+// maxAttempts: maximum number of retry attempts (default 10 if <= 0)
+// baseDelay: base delay between retries with exponential backoff (default 50ms if <= 0)
+func LoadKiroIDETokenWithRetry(maxAttempts int, baseDelay time.Duration) (*KiroTokenData, error) {
+	if maxAttempts <= 0 {
+		maxAttempts = defaultTokenReadMaxAttempts
+	}
+	if baseDelay <= 0 {
+		baseDelay = defaultTokenReadBaseDelay
+	}
+
+	var lastErr error
+	for attempt := 0; attempt < maxAttempts; attempt++ {
+		token, err := LoadKiroIDEToken()
+		if err == nil {
+			return token, nil
+		}
+		lastErr = err
+
+		// Only retry for transient errors
+		if !isTransientFileError(err) {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+
+		// Exponential backoff: delay * 2^attempt, capped at 500ms
+		delay := baseDelay * time.Duration(1<<uint(attempt))
+		if delay > 500*time.Millisecond {
+			delay = 500 * time.Millisecond
+		}
+		time.Sleep(delay)
+	}
+
+	return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to read token file after %d attempts: %w", maxAttempts, lastErr)
+}
+
 // LoadKiroIDEToken loads token data from Kiro IDE's token file.
+// For Enterprise Kiro IDE (IDC auth), it also loads clientId and clientSecret
+// from the device registration file referenced by clientIdHash.
 func LoadKiroIDEToken() (*KiroTokenData, error) {
 	homeDir, err := os.UserHomeDir()
 	if err != nil {
@@ -107,18 +195,72 @@ func LoadKiroIDEToken() (*KiroTokenData, error) {
 		return nil, fmt.Errorf("access token is empty in Kiro IDE token file")
 	}
 
+	// Normalize AuthMethod to lowercase (Kiro IDE uses "IdC" but we expect "idc")
+	token.AuthMethod = strings.ToLower(token.AuthMethod)
+
+	// For Enterprise Kiro IDE (IDC auth), load clientId and clientSecret from device registration
+	// The device registration file is located at ~/.aws/sso/cache/{clientIdHash}.json
+	if token.ClientIDHash != "" && token.ClientID == "" {
+		if err := loadDeviceRegistration(homeDir, token.ClientIDHash, &token); err != nil {
+			// Log warning but don't fail - token might still work for some operations
+			fmt.Printf("warning: failed to load device registration for clientIdHash %s: %v\n", token.ClientIDHash, err)
+		}
+	}
+
 	return &token, nil
 }
 
+// loadDeviceRegistration loads clientId and clientSecret from the device registration file.
+// Enterprise Kiro IDE stores these in ~/.aws/sso/cache/{clientIdHash}.json
+func loadDeviceRegistration(homeDir, clientIDHash string, token *KiroTokenData) error {
+	if clientIDHash == "" {
+		return fmt.Errorf("clientIdHash is empty")
+	}
+
+	// Sanitize clientIdHash to prevent path traversal
+	if strings.Contains(clientIDHash, "/") || strings.Contains(clientIDHash, "\\") || strings.Contains(clientIDHash, "..") {
+		return fmt.Errorf("invalid clientIdHash: contains path separator")
+	}
+
+	deviceRegPath := filepath.Join(homeDir, ".aws", "sso", "cache", clientIDHash+".json")
+	data, err := os.ReadFile(deviceRegPath)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("failed to read device registration file (%s): %w", deviceRegPath, err)
+	}
+
+	// Device registration file structure
+	var deviceReg struct {
+		ClientID     string `json:"clientId"`
+		ClientSecret string `json:"clientSecret"`
+		ExpiresAt    string `json:"expiresAt"`
+	}
+
+	if err := json.Unmarshal(data, &deviceReg); err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("failed to parse device registration: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	if deviceReg.ClientID == "" || deviceReg.ClientSecret == "" {
+		return fmt.Errorf("device registration missing clientId or clientSecret")
+	}
+
+	token.ClientID = deviceReg.ClientID
+	token.ClientSecret = deviceReg.ClientSecret
+
+	return nil
+}
+
 // LoadKiroTokenFromPath loads token data from a custom path.
 // This supports multiple accounts by allowing different token files.
+// For Enterprise Kiro IDE (IDC auth), it also loads clientId and clientSecret
+// from the device registration file referenced by clientIdHash.
 func LoadKiroTokenFromPath(tokenPath string) (*KiroTokenData, error) {
+	homeDir, err := os.UserHomeDir()
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to get home directory: %w", err)
+	}
+
 	// Expand ~ to home directory
 	if len(tokenPath) > 0 && tokenPath[0] == '~' {
-		homeDir, err := os.UserHomeDir()
-		if err != nil {
-			return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to get home directory: %w", err)
-		}
 		tokenPath = filepath.Join(homeDir, tokenPath[1:])
 	}
 
@@ -136,6 +278,17 @@ func LoadKiroTokenFromPath(tokenPath string) (*KiroTokenData, error) {
 		return nil, fmt.Errorf("access token is empty in token file")
 	}
 
+	// Normalize AuthMethod to lowercase (Kiro IDE uses "IdC" but we expect "idc")
+	token.AuthMethod = strings.ToLower(token.AuthMethod)
+
+	// For Enterprise Kiro IDE (IDC auth), load clientId and clientSecret from device registration
+	if token.ClientIDHash != "" && token.ClientID == "" {
+		if err := loadDeviceRegistration(homeDir, token.ClientIDHash, &token); err != nil {
+			// Log warning but don't fail - token might still work for some operations
+			fmt.Printf("warning: failed to load device registration for clientIdHash %s: %v\n", token.ClientIDHash, err)
+		}
+	}
+
 	return &token, nil
 }
 
@@ -148,7 +301,7 @@ func ListKiroTokenFiles() ([]string, error) {
 	}
 
 	cacheDir := filepath.Join(homeDir, ".aws", "sso", "cache")
-	
+
 	// Check if directory exists
 	if _, err := os.Stat(cacheDir); os.IsNotExist(err) {
 		return nil, nil // No token files
@@ -271,7 +424,7 @@ func SanitizeEmailForFilename(email string) string {
 	}
 
 	result := email
-	
+
 	// First, handle URL-encoded path traversal attempts (%2F, %2E, %5C, etc.)
 	// This prevents encoded characters from bypassing the sanitization.
 	// Note: We replace % last to catch any remaining encodings including double-encoding (%252F)
@@ -289,7 +442,7 @@ func SanitizeEmailForFilename(email string) string {
 	for _, char := range []string{"/", "\\", ":", "*", "?", "\"", "<", ">", "|", " ", "\x00"} {
 		result = strings.ReplaceAll(result, char, "_")
 	}
-	
+
 	// Prevent path traversal: replace leading dots in each path component
 	// This handles cases like "../../../etc/passwd" → "_.._.._.._etc_passwd"
 	parts := strings.Split(result, "_")
@@ -300,6 +453,70 @@ func SanitizeEmailForFilename(email string) string {
 		parts[i] = part
 	}
 	result = strings.Join(parts, "_")
-	
+
 	return result
 }
+
+// ExtractIDCIdentifier extracts a unique identifier from IDC startUrl.
+// Examples:
+//   - "https://d-1234567890.awsapps.com/start" -> "d-1234567890"
+//   - "https://my-company.awsapps.com/start" -> "my-company"
+//   - "https://acme-corp.awsapps.com/start" -> "acme-corp"
+func ExtractIDCIdentifier(startURL string) string {
+	if startURL == "" {
+		return ""
+	}
+
+	// Remove protocol prefix
+	url := strings.TrimPrefix(startURL, "https://")
+	url = strings.TrimPrefix(url, "http://")
+
+	// Extract subdomain (first part before the first dot)
+	// Format: {identifier}.awsapps.com/start
+	parts := strings.Split(url, ".")
+	if len(parts) > 0 && parts[0] != "" {
+		identifier := parts[0]
+		// Sanitize for filename safety
+		identifier = strings.ReplaceAll(identifier, "/", "_")
+		identifier = strings.ReplaceAll(identifier, "\\", "_")
+		identifier = strings.ReplaceAll(identifier, ":", "_")
+		return identifier
+	}
+
+	return ""
+}
+
+// GenerateTokenFileName generates a unique filename for token storage.
+// Priority: email > startUrl identifier (for IDC) > authMethod only
+// Email is unique, so no sequence suffix needed. Sequence is only added
+// when email is unavailable to prevent filename collisions.
+// Format: kiro-{authMethod}-{identifier}[-{seq}].json
+func GenerateTokenFileName(tokenData *KiroTokenData) string {
+	authMethod := tokenData.AuthMethod
+	if authMethod == "" {
+		authMethod = "unknown"
+	}
+
+	// Priority 1: Use email if available (no sequence needed, email is unique)
+	if tokenData.Email != "" {
+		// Sanitize email for filename (replace @ and . with -)
+		sanitizedEmail := tokenData.Email
+		sanitizedEmail = strings.ReplaceAll(sanitizedEmail, "@", "-")
+		sanitizedEmail = strings.ReplaceAll(sanitizedEmail, ".", "-")
+		return fmt.Sprintf("kiro-%s-%s.json", authMethod, sanitizedEmail)
+	}
+
+	// Generate sequence only when email is unavailable
+	seq := time.Now().UnixNano() % 100000
+
+	// Priority 2: For IDC, use startUrl identifier with sequence
+	if authMethod == "idc" && tokenData.StartURL != "" {
+		identifier := ExtractIDCIdentifier(tokenData.StartURL)
+		if identifier != "" {
+			return fmt.Sprintf("kiro-%s-%s-%05d.json", authMethod, identifier, seq)
+		}
+	}
+
+	// Priority 3: Fallback to authMethod only with sequence
+	return fmt.Sprintf("kiro-%s-%05d.json", authMethod, seq)
+}

internal/auth/kiro/aws_auth.go

@@ -238,7 +238,7 @@ func (k *KiroAuth) ListAvailableModels(ctx context.Context, tokenData *KiroToken
 			Description    string  `json:"description"`
 			RateMultiplier float64 `json:"rateMultiplier"`
 			RateUnit       string  `json:"rateUnit"`
-			TokenLimits    struct {
+			TokenLimits    *struct {
 				MaxInputTokens int `json:"maxInputTokens"`
 			} `json:"tokenLimits"`
 		} `json:"models"`
@@ -250,13 +250,17 @@ func (k *KiroAuth) ListAvailableModels(ctx context.Context, tokenData *KiroToken
 
 	models := make([]*KiroModel, 0, len(result.Models))
 	for _, m := range result.Models {
+		maxInputTokens := 0
+		if m.TokenLimits != nil {
+			maxInputTokens = m.TokenLimits.MaxInputTokens
+		}
 		models = append(models, &KiroModel{
 			ModelID:        m.ModelID,
 			ModelName:      m.ModelName,
 			Description:    m.Description,
 			RateMultiplier: m.RateMultiplier,
 			RateUnit:       m.RateUnit,
-			MaxInputTokens: m.TokenLimits.MaxInputTokens,
+			MaxInputTokens: maxInputTokens,
 		})
 	}
 
@@ -280,6 +284,11 @@ func (k *KiroAuth) CreateTokenStorage(tokenData *KiroTokenData) *KiroTokenStorag
 		AuthMethod:   tokenData.AuthMethod,
 		Provider:     tokenData.Provider,
 		LastRefresh:  time.Now().Format(time.RFC3339),
+		ClientID:     tokenData.ClientID,
+		ClientSecret: tokenData.ClientSecret,
+		Region:       tokenData.Region,
+		StartURL:     tokenData.StartURL,
+		Email:        tokenData.Email,
 	}
 }
 
@@ -311,4 +320,19 @@ func (k *KiroAuth) UpdateTokenStorage(storage *KiroTokenStorage, tokenData *Kiro
 	storage.AuthMethod = tokenData.AuthMethod
 	storage.Provider = tokenData.Provider
 	storage.LastRefresh = time.Now().Format(time.RFC3339)
+	if tokenData.ClientID != "" {
+		storage.ClientID = tokenData.ClientID
+	}
+	if tokenData.ClientSecret != "" {
+		storage.ClientSecret = tokenData.ClientSecret
+	}
+	if tokenData.Region != "" {
+		storage.Region = tokenData.Region
+	}
+	if tokenData.StartURL != "" {
+		storage.StartURL = tokenData.StartURL
+	}
+	if tokenData.Email != "" {
+		storage.Email = tokenData.Email
+	}
 }

internal/auth/kiro/aws_test.go

@@ -151,11 +151,161 @@ func TestSanitizeEmailForFilename(t *testing.T) {
 // createTestJWT creates a test JWT token with the given claims
 func createTestJWT(claims map[string]any) string {
 	header := base64.RawURLEncoding.EncodeToString([]byte(`{"alg":"RS256","typ":"JWT"}`))
-	
+
 	payloadBytes, _ := json.Marshal(claims)
 	payload := base64.RawURLEncoding.EncodeToString(payloadBytes)
-	
+
 	signature := base64.RawURLEncoding.EncodeToString([]byte("fake-signature"))
-	
+
 	return header + "." + payload + "." + signature
 }
+
+func TestExtractIDCIdentifier(t *testing.T) {
+	tests := []struct {
+		name     string
+		startURL string
+		expected string
+	}{
+		{
+			name:     "Empty URL",
+			startURL: "",
+			expected: "",
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "Standard IDC URL with d- prefix",
+			startURL: "https://d-1234567890.awsapps.com/start",
+			expected: "d-1234567890",
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "IDC URL with company name",
+			startURL: "https://my-company.awsapps.com/start",
+			expected: "my-company",
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "IDC URL with simple name",
+			startURL: "https://acme-corp.awsapps.com/start",
+			expected: "acme-corp",
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "IDC URL without https",
+			startURL: "http://d-9876543210.awsapps.com/start",
+			expected: "d-9876543210",
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "IDC URL with subdomain only",
+			startURL: "https://test.awsapps.com/start",
+			expected: "test",
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "Builder ID URL",
+			startURL: "https://view.awsapps.com/start",
+			expected: "view",
+		},
+	}
+
+	for _, tt := range tests {
+		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			result := ExtractIDCIdentifier(tt.startURL)
+			if result != tt.expected {
+				t.Errorf("ExtractIDCIdentifier() = %q, want %q", result, tt.expected)
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+func TestGenerateTokenFileName(t *testing.T) {
+	tests := []struct {
+		name      string
+		tokenData *KiroTokenData
+		expected  string
+	}{
+		{
+			name: "IDC with email",
+			tokenData: &KiroTokenData{
+				AuthMethod: "idc",
+				Email:      "user@example.com",
+				StartURL:   "https://d-1234567890.awsapps.com/start",
+			},
+			expected: "kiro-idc-user-example-com.json",
+		},
+		{
+			name: "IDC without email but with startUrl",
+			tokenData: &KiroTokenData{
+				AuthMethod: "idc",
+				Email:      "",
+				StartURL:   "https://d-1234567890.awsapps.com/start",
+			},
+			expected: "kiro-idc-d-1234567890.json",
+		},
+		{
+			name: "IDC with company name in startUrl",
+			tokenData: &KiroTokenData{
+				AuthMethod: "idc",
+				Email:      "",
+				StartURL:   "https://my-company.awsapps.com/start",
+			},
+			expected: "kiro-idc-my-company.json",
+		},
+		{
+			name: "IDC without email and without startUrl",
+			tokenData: &KiroTokenData{
+				AuthMethod: "idc",
+				Email:      "",
+				StartURL:   "",
+			},
+			expected: "kiro-idc.json",
+		},
+		{
+			name: "Builder ID with email",
+			tokenData: &KiroTokenData{
+				AuthMethod: "builder-id",
+				Email:      "user@gmail.com",
+				StartURL:   "https://view.awsapps.com/start",
+			},
+			expected: "kiro-builder-id-user-gmail-com.json",
+		},
+		{
+			name: "Builder ID without email",
+			tokenData: &KiroTokenData{
+				AuthMethod: "builder-id",
+				Email:      "",
+				StartURL:   "https://view.awsapps.com/start",
+			},
+			expected: "kiro-builder-id.json",
+		},
+		{
+			name: "Social auth with email",
+			tokenData: &KiroTokenData{
+				AuthMethod: "google",
+				Email:      "user@gmail.com",
+			},
+			expected: "kiro-google-user-gmail-com.json",
+		},
+		{
+			name: "Empty auth method",
+			tokenData: &KiroTokenData{
+				AuthMethod: "",
+				Email:      "",
+			},
+			expected: "kiro-unknown.json",
+		},
+		{
+			name: "Email with special characters",
+			tokenData: &KiroTokenData{
+				AuthMethod: "idc",
+				Email:      "user.name+tag@sub.example.com",
+				StartURL:   "https://d-1234567890.awsapps.com/start",
+			},
+			expected: "kiro-idc-user-name+tag-sub-example-com.json",
+		},
+	}
+
+	for _, tt := range tests {
+		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			result := GenerateTokenFileName(tt.tokenData)
+			if result != tt.expected {
+				t.Errorf("GenerateTokenFileName() = %q, want %q", result, tt.expected)
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}

internal/auth/kiro/background_refresh.go

@@ -0,0 +1,247 @@
+package kiro
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"log"
+	"strings"
+	"sync"
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/router-for-me/CLIProxyAPI/v6/internal/config"
+	"golang.org/x/sync/semaphore"
+)
+
+type Token struct {
+	ID           string
+	AccessToken  string
+	RefreshToken string
+	ExpiresAt    time.Time
+	LastVerified time.Time
+	ClientID     string
+	ClientSecret string
+	AuthMethod   string
+	Provider     string
+	StartURL     string
+	Region       string
+}
+
+type TokenRepository interface {
+	FindOldestUnverified(limit int) []*Token
+	UpdateToken(token *Token) error
+}
+
+type RefresherOption func(*BackgroundRefresher)
+
+func WithInterval(interval time.Duration) RefresherOption {
+	return func(r *BackgroundRefresher) {
+		r.interval = interval
+	}
+}
+
+func WithBatchSize(size int) RefresherOption {
+	return func(r *BackgroundRefresher) {
+		r.batchSize = size
+	}
+}
+
+func WithConcurrency(concurrency int) RefresherOption {
+	return func(r *BackgroundRefresher) {
+		r.concurrency = concurrency
+	}
+}
+
+type BackgroundRefresher struct {
+	interval         time.Duration
+	batchSize        int
+	concurrency      int
+	tokenRepo        TokenRepository
+	stopCh           chan struct{}
+	wg               sync.WaitGroup
+	oauth            *KiroOAuth
+	ssoClient        *SSOOIDCClient
+	callbackMu       sync.RWMutex                                   // 保护回调函数的并发访问
+	onTokenRefreshed func(tokenID string, tokenData *KiroTokenData) // 刷新成功回调
+}
+
+func NewBackgroundRefresher(repo TokenRepository, opts ...RefresherOption) *BackgroundRefresher {
+	r := &BackgroundRefresher{
+		interval:    time.Minute,
+		batchSize:   50,
+		concurrency: 10,
+		tokenRepo:   repo,
+		stopCh:      make(chan struct{}),
+		oauth:       nil, // Lazy init - will be set when config available
+		ssoClient:   nil, // Lazy init - will be set when config available
+	}
+	for _, opt := range opts {
+		opt(r)
+	}
+	return r
+}
+
+// WithConfig sets the configuration for OAuth and SSO clients.
+func WithConfig(cfg *config.Config) RefresherOption {
+	return func(r *BackgroundRefresher) {
+		r.oauth = NewKiroOAuth(cfg)
+		r.ssoClient = NewSSOOIDCClient(cfg)
+	}
+}
+
+// WithOnTokenRefreshed sets the callback function to be called when a token is successfully refreshed.
+// The callback receives the token ID (filename) and the new token data.
+// This allows external components (e.g., Watcher) to be notified of token updates.
+func WithOnTokenRefreshed(callback func(tokenID string, tokenData *KiroTokenData)) RefresherOption {
+	return func(r *BackgroundRefresher) {
+		r.callbackMu.Lock()
+		r.onTokenRefreshed = callback
+		r.callbackMu.Unlock()
+	}
+}
+
+func (r *BackgroundRefresher) Start(ctx context.Context) {
+	r.wg.Add(1)
+	go func() {
+		defer r.wg.Done()
+		ticker := time.NewTicker(r.interval)
+		defer ticker.Stop()
+
+		r.refreshBatch(ctx)
+
+		for {
+			select {
+			case <-ctx.Done():
+				return
+			case <-r.stopCh:
+				return
+			case <-ticker.C:
+				r.refreshBatch(ctx)
+			}
+		}
+	}()
+}
+
+func (r *BackgroundRefresher) Stop() {
+	close(r.stopCh)
+	r.wg.Wait()
+}
+
+func (r *BackgroundRefresher) refreshBatch(ctx context.Context) {
+	tokens := r.tokenRepo.FindOldestUnverified(r.batchSize)
+	if len(tokens) == 0 {
+		return
+	}
+
+	sem := semaphore.NewWeighted(int64(r.concurrency))
+	var wg sync.WaitGroup
+
+	for i, token := range tokens {
+		if i > 0 {
+			select {
+			case <-ctx.Done():
+				return
+			case <-r.stopCh:
+				return
+			case <-time.After(100 * time.Millisecond):
+			}
+		}
+
+		if err := sem.Acquire(ctx, 1); err != nil {
+			return
+		}
+
+		wg.Add(1)
+		go func(t *Token) {
+			defer wg.Done()
+			defer sem.Release(1)
+			r.refreshSingle(ctx, t)
+		}(token)
+	}
+
+	wg.Wait()
+}
+
+func (r *BackgroundRefresher) refreshSingle(ctx context.Context, token *Token) {
+	// Normalize auth method to lowercase for case-insensitive matching
+	authMethod := strings.ToLower(token.AuthMethod)
+
+	// Create refresh function based on auth method
+	refreshFunc := func(ctx context.Context) (*KiroTokenData, error) {
+		switch authMethod {
+		case "idc":
+			return r.ssoClient.RefreshTokenWithRegion(
+				ctx,
+				token.ClientID,
+				token.ClientSecret,
+				token.RefreshToken,
+				token.Region,
+				token.StartURL,
+			)
+		case "builder-id":
+			return r.ssoClient.RefreshToken(
+				ctx,
+				token.ClientID,
+				token.ClientSecret,
+				token.RefreshToken,
+			)
+		default:
+			return r.oauth.RefreshTokenWithFingerprint(ctx, token.RefreshToken, token.ID)
+		}
+	}
+
+	// Use graceful degradation for better reliability
+	result := RefreshWithGracefulDegradation(
+		ctx,
+		refreshFunc,
+		token.AccessToken,
+		token.ExpiresAt,
+	)
+
+	if result.Error != nil {
+		log.Printf("failed to refresh token %s: %v", token.ID, result.Error)
+		return
+	}
+
+	newTokenData := result.TokenData
+	if result.UsedFallback {
+		log.Printf("token %s: using existing token as fallback (refresh failed but token still valid)", token.ID)
+		// Don't update the token file if we're using fallback
+		// Just update LastVerified to prevent immediate re-check
+		token.LastVerified = time.Now()
+		return
+	}
+
+	token.AccessToken = newTokenData.AccessToken
+	if newTokenData.RefreshToken != "" {
+		token.RefreshToken = newTokenData.RefreshToken
+	}
+	token.LastVerified = time.Now()
+
+	if newTokenData.ExpiresAt != "" {
+		if expTime, parseErr := time.Parse(time.RFC3339, newTokenData.ExpiresAt); parseErr == nil {
+			token.ExpiresAt = expTime
+		}
+	}
+
+	if err := r.tokenRepo.UpdateToken(token); err != nil {
+		log.Printf("failed to update token %s: %v", token.ID, err)
+		return
+	}
+
+	// 方案 A: 刷新成功后触发回调，通知 Watcher 更新内存中的 Auth 对象
+	r.callbackMu.RLock()
+	callback := r.onTokenRefreshed
+	r.callbackMu.RUnlock()
+
+	if callback != nil {
+		// 使用 defer recover 隔离回调 panic，防止崩溃整个进程
+		func() {
+			defer func() {
+				if rec := recover(); rec != nil {
+					log.Printf("background refresh: callback panic for token %s: %v", token.ID, rec)
+				}
+			}()
+			log.Printf("background refresh: notifying token refresh callback for %s", token.ID)
+			callback(token.ID, newTokenData)
+		}()
+	}
+}

internal/auth/kiro/cooldown.go

@@ -0,0 +1,112 @@
+package kiro
+
+import (
+	"sync"
+	"time"
+)
+
+const (
+	CooldownReason429         = "rate_limit_exceeded"
+	CooldownReasonSuspended   = "account_suspended"
+	CooldownReasonQuotaExhausted = "quota_exhausted"
+
+	DefaultShortCooldown = 1 * time.Minute
+	MaxShortCooldown     = 5 * time.Minute
+	LongCooldown         = 24 * time.Hour
+)
+
+type CooldownManager struct {
+	mu        sync.RWMutex
+	cooldowns map[string]time.Time
+	reasons   map[string]string
+}
+
+func NewCooldownManager() *CooldownManager {
+	return &CooldownManager{
+		cooldowns: make(map[string]time.Time),
+		reasons:   make(map[string]string),
+	}
+}
+
+func (cm *CooldownManager) SetCooldown(tokenKey string, duration time.Duration, reason string) {
+	cm.mu.Lock()
+	defer cm.mu.Unlock()
+	cm.cooldowns[tokenKey] = time.Now().Add(duration)
+	cm.reasons[tokenKey] = reason
+}
+
+func (cm *CooldownManager) IsInCooldown(tokenKey string) bool {
+	cm.mu.RLock()
+	defer cm.mu.RUnlock()
+	endTime, exists := cm.cooldowns[tokenKey]
+	if !exists {
+		return false
+	}
+	return time.Now().Before(endTime)
+}
+
+func (cm *CooldownManager) GetRemainingCooldown(tokenKey string) time.Duration {
+	cm.mu.RLock()
+	defer cm.mu.RUnlock()
+	endTime, exists := cm.cooldowns[tokenKey]
+	if !exists {
+		return 0
+	}
+	remaining := time.Until(endTime)
+	if remaining < 0 {
+		return 0
+	}
+	return remaining
+}
+
+func (cm *CooldownManager) GetCooldownReason(tokenKey string) string {
+	cm.mu.RLock()
+	defer cm.mu.RUnlock()
+	return cm.reasons[tokenKey]
+}
+
+func (cm *CooldownManager) ClearCooldown(tokenKey string) {
+	cm.mu.Lock()
+	defer cm.mu.Unlock()
+	delete(cm.cooldowns, tokenKey)
+	delete(cm.reasons, tokenKey)
+}
+
+func (cm *CooldownManager) CleanupExpired() {
+	cm.mu.Lock()
+	defer cm.mu.Unlock()
+	now := time.Now()
+	for tokenKey, endTime := range cm.cooldowns {
+		if now.After(endTime) {
+			delete(cm.cooldowns, tokenKey)
+			delete(cm.reasons, tokenKey)
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+func (cm *CooldownManager) StartCleanupRoutine(interval time.Duration, stopCh <-chan struct{}) {
+	ticker := time.NewTicker(interval)
+	defer ticker.Stop()
+	for {
+		select {
+		case <-ticker.C:
+			cm.CleanupExpired()
+		case <-stopCh:
+			return
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+func CalculateCooldownFor429(retryCount int) time.Duration {
+	duration := DefaultShortCooldown * time.Duration(1<<retryCount)
+	if duration > MaxShortCooldown {
+		return MaxShortCooldown
+	}
+	return duration
+}
+
+func CalculateCooldownUntilNextDay() time.Duration {
+	now := time.Now()
+	nextDay := time.Date(now.Year(), now.Month(), now.Day()+1, 0, 0, 0, 0, now.Location())
+	return time.Until(nextDay)
+}

internal/auth/kiro/cooldown_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,240 @@
+package kiro
+
+import (
+	"sync"
+	"testing"
+	"time"
+)
+
+func TestNewCooldownManager(t *testing.T) {
+	cm := NewCooldownManager()
+	if cm == nil {
+		t.Fatal("expected non-nil CooldownManager")
+	}
+	if cm.cooldowns == nil {
+		t.Error("expected non-nil cooldowns map")
+	}
+	if cm.reasons == nil {
+		t.Error("expected non-nil reasons map")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestSetCooldown(t *testing.T) {
+	cm := NewCooldownManager()
+	cm.SetCooldown("token1", 1*time.Minute, CooldownReason429)
+
+	if !cm.IsInCooldown("token1") {
+		t.Error("expected token to be in cooldown")
+	}
+	if cm.GetCooldownReason("token1") != CooldownReason429 {
+		t.Errorf("expected reason %s, got %s", CooldownReason429, cm.GetCooldownReason("token1"))
+	}
+}
+
+func TestIsInCooldown_NotSet(t *testing.T) {
+	cm := NewCooldownManager()
+	if cm.IsInCooldown("nonexistent") {
+		t.Error("expected non-existent token to not be in cooldown")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestIsInCooldown_Expired(t *testing.T) {
+	cm := NewCooldownManager()
+	cm.SetCooldown("token1", 1*time.Millisecond, CooldownReason429)
+
+	time.Sleep(10 * time.Millisecond)
+
+	if cm.IsInCooldown("token1") {
+		t.Error("expected expired cooldown to return false")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestGetRemainingCooldown(t *testing.T) {
+	cm := NewCooldownManager()
+	cm.SetCooldown("token1", 1*time.Second, CooldownReason429)
+
+	remaining := cm.GetRemainingCooldown("token1")
+	if remaining <= 0 || remaining > 1*time.Second {
+		t.Errorf("expected remaining cooldown between 0 and 1s, got %v", remaining)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestGetRemainingCooldown_NotSet(t *testing.T) {
+	cm := NewCooldownManager()
+	remaining := cm.GetRemainingCooldown("nonexistent")
+	if remaining != 0 {
+		t.Errorf("expected 0 remaining for non-existent, got %v", remaining)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestGetRemainingCooldown_Expired(t *testing.T) {
+	cm := NewCooldownManager()
+	cm.SetCooldown("token1", 1*time.Millisecond, CooldownReason429)
+
+	time.Sleep(10 * time.Millisecond)
+
+	remaining := cm.GetRemainingCooldown("token1")
+	if remaining != 0 {
+		t.Errorf("expected 0 remaining for expired, got %v", remaining)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestGetCooldownReason(t *testing.T) {
+	cm := NewCooldownManager()
+	cm.SetCooldown("token1", 1*time.Minute, CooldownReasonSuspended)
+
+	reason := cm.GetCooldownReason("token1")
+	if reason != CooldownReasonSuspended {
+		t.Errorf("expected reason %s, got %s", CooldownReasonSuspended, reason)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestGetCooldownReason_NotSet(t *testing.T) {
+	cm := NewCooldownManager()
+	reason := cm.GetCooldownReason("nonexistent")
+	if reason != "" {
+		t.Errorf("expected empty reason for non-existent, got %s", reason)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestClearCooldown(t *testing.T) {
+	cm := NewCooldownManager()
+	cm.SetCooldown("token1", 1*time.Minute, CooldownReason429)
+	cm.ClearCooldown("token1")
+
+	if cm.IsInCooldown("token1") {
+		t.Error("expected cooldown to be cleared")
+	}
+	if cm.GetCooldownReason("token1") != "" {
+		t.Error("expected reason to be cleared")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestClearCooldown_NonExistent(t *testing.T) {
+	cm := NewCooldownManager()
+	cm.ClearCooldown("nonexistent")
+}
+
+func TestCleanupExpired(t *testing.T) {
+	cm := NewCooldownManager()
+	cm.SetCooldown("expired1", 1*time.Millisecond, CooldownReason429)
+	cm.SetCooldown("expired2", 1*time.Millisecond, CooldownReason429)
+	cm.SetCooldown("active", 1*time.Hour, CooldownReason429)
+
+	time.Sleep(10 * time.Millisecond)
+	cm.CleanupExpired()
+
+	if cm.GetCooldownReason("expired1") != "" {
+		t.Error("expected expired1 to be cleaned up")
+	}
+	if cm.GetCooldownReason("expired2") != "" {
+		t.Error("expected expired2 to be cleaned up")
+	}
+	if cm.GetCooldownReason("active") != CooldownReason429 {
+		t.Error("expected active to remain")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestCalculateCooldownFor429_FirstRetry(t *testing.T) {
+	duration := CalculateCooldownFor429(0)
+	if duration != DefaultShortCooldown {
+		t.Errorf("expected %v for retry 0, got %v", DefaultShortCooldown, duration)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestCalculateCooldownFor429_Exponential(t *testing.T) {
+	d1 := CalculateCooldownFor429(1)
+	d2 := CalculateCooldownFor429(2)
+
+	if d2 <= d1 {
+		t.Errorf("expected d2 > d1, got d1=%v, d2=%v", d1, d2)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestCalculateCooldownFor429_MaxCap(t *testing.T) {
+	duration := CalculateCooldownFor429(10)
+	if duration > MaxShortCooldown {
+		t.Errorf("expected max %v, got %v", MaxShortCooldown, duration)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestCalculateCooldownUntilNextDay(t *testing.T) {
+	duration := CalculateCooldownUntilNextDay()
+	if duration <= 0 || duration > 24*time.Hour {
+		t.Errorf("expected duration between 0 and 24h, got %v", duration)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestCooldownManager_ConcurrentAccess(t *testing.T) {
+	cm := NewCooldownManager()
+	const numGoroutines = 50
+	const numOperations = 100
+
+	var wg sync.WaitGroup
+	wg.Add(numGoroutines)
+
+	for i := 0; i < numGoroutines; i++ {
+		go func(id int) {
+			defer wg.Done()
+			tokenKey := "token" + string(rune('a'+id%10))
+			for j := 0; j < numOperations; j++ {
+				switch j % 6 {
+				case 0:
+					cm.SetCooldown(tokenKey, time.Duration(j)*time.Millisecond, CooldownReason429)
+				case 1:
+					cm.IsInCooldown(tokenKey)
+				case 2:
+					cm.GetRemainingCooldown(tokenKey)
+				case 3:
+					cm.GetCooldownReason(tokenKey)
+				case 4:
+					cm.ClearCooldown(tokenKey)
+				case 5:
+					cm.CleanupExpired()
+				}
+			}
+		}(i)
+	}
+
+	wg.Wait()
+}
+
+func TestCooldownReasonConstants(t *testing.T) {
+	if CooldownReason429 != "rate_limit_exceeded" {
+		t.Errorf("unexpected CooldownReason429: %s", CooldownReason429)
+	}
+	if CooldownReasonSuspended != "account_suspended" {
+		t.Errorf("unexpected CooldownReasonSuspended: %s", CooldownReasonSuspended)
+	}
+	if CooldownReasonQuotaExhausted != "quota_exhausted" {
+		t.Errorf("unexpected CooldownReasonQuotaExhausted: %s", CooldownReasonQuotaExhausted)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestDefaultConstants(t *testing.T) {
+	if DefaultShortCooldown != 1*time.Minute {
+		t.Errorf("unexpected DefaultShortCooldown: %v", DefaultShortCooldown)
+	}
+	if MaxShortCooldown != 5*time.Minute {
+		t.Errorf("unexpected MaxShortCooldown: %v", MaxShortCooldown)
+	}
+	if LongCooldown != 24*time.Hour {
+		t.Errorf("unexpected LongCooldown: %v", LongCooldown)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestSetCooldown_OverwritesPrevious(t *testing.T) {
+	cm := NewCooldownManager()
+	cm.SetCooldown("token1", 1*time.Hour, CooldownReason429)
+	cm.SetCooldown("token1", 1*time.Minute, CooldownReasonSuspended)
+
+	reason := cm.GetCooldownReason("token1")
+	if reason != CooldownReasonSuspended {
+		t.Errorf("expected reason to be overwritten to %s, got %s", CooldownReasonSuspended, reason)
+	}
+
+	remaining := cm.GetRemainingCooldown("token1")
+	if remaining > 1*time.Minute {
+		t.Errorf("expected remaining <= 1 minute, got %v", remaining)
+	}
+}

internal/auth/kiro/fingerprint.go

@@ -0,0 +1,197 @@
+package kiro
+
+import (
+	"crypto/sha256"
+	"encoding/hex"
+	"fmt"
+	"math/rand"
+	"net/http"
+	"sync"
+	"time"
+)
+
+// Fingerprint 多维度指纹信息
+type Fingerprint struct {
+	SDKVersion          string // 1.0.20-1.0.27
+	OSType              string // darwin/windows/linux
+	OSVersion           string // 10.0.22621
+	NodeVersion         string // 18.x/20.x/22.x
+	KiroVersion         string // 0.3.x-0.8.x
+	KiroHash            string // SHA256
+	AcceptLanguage      string
+	ScreenResolution    string // 1920x1080
+	ColorDepth          int    // 24
+	HardwareConcurrency int    // CPU 核心数
+	TimezoneOffset      int
+}
+
+// FingerprintManager 指纹管理器
+type FingerprintManager struct {
+	mu           sync.RWMutex
+	fingerprints map[string]*Fingerprint // tokenKey -> fingerprint
+	rng          *rand.Rand
+}
+
+var (
+	sdkVersions = []string{
+		"1.0.20", "1.0.21", "1.0.22", "1.0.23",
+		"1.0.24", "1.0.25", "1.0.26", "1.0.27",
+	}
+	osTypes = []string{"darwin", "windows", "linux"}
+	osVersions = map[string][]string{
+		"darwin":  {"14.0", "14.1", "14.2", "14.3", "14.4", "14.5", "15.0", "15.1"},
+		"windows": {"10.0.19041", "10.0.19042", "10.0.19043", "10.0.19044", "10.0.22621", "10.0.22631"},
+		"linux":   {"5.15.0", "6.1.0", "6.2.0", "6.5.0", "6.6.0", "6.8.0"},
+	}
+	nodeVersions = []string{
+		"18.17.0", "18.18.0", "18.19.0", "18.20.0",
+		"20.9.0", "20.10.0", "20.11.0", "20.12.0", "20.13.0",
+		"22.0.0", "22.1.0", "22.2.0", "22.3.0",
+	}
+	kiroVersions = []string{
+		"0.3.0", "0.3.1", "0.4.0", "0.4.1", "0.5.0", "0.5.1",
+		"0.6.0", "0.6.1", "0.7.0", "0.7.1", "0.8.0", "0.8.1",
+	}
+	acceptLanguages = []string{
+		"en-US,en;q=0.9",
+		"en-GB,en;q=0.9",
+		"zh-CN,zh;q=0.9,en;q=0.8",
+		"zh-TW,zh;q=0.9,en;q=0.8",
+		"ja-JP,ja;q=0.9,en;q=0.8",
+		"ko-KR,ko;q=0.9,en;q=0.8",
+		"de-DE,de;q=0.9,en;q=0.8",
+		"fr-FR,fr;q=0.9,en;q=0.8",
+	}
+	screenResolutions = []string{
+		"1920x1080", "2560x1440", "3840x2160",
+		"1366x768", "1440x900", "1680x1050",
+		"2560x1600", "3440x1440",
+	}
+	colorDepths          = []int{24, 32}
+	hardwareConcurrencies = []int{4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 16, 20, 24, 32}
+	timezoneOffsets      = []int{-480, -420, -360, -300, -240, 0, 60, 120, 480, 540}
+)
+
+// NewFingerprintManager 创建指纹管理器
+func NewFingerprintManager() *FingerprintManager {
+	return &FingerprintManager{
+		fingerprints: make(map[string]*Fingerprint),
+		rng:          rand.New(rand.NewSource(time.Now().UnixNano())),
+	}
+}
+
+// GetFingerprint 获取或生成 Token 关联的指纹
+func (fm *FingerprintManager) GetFingerprint(tokenKey string) *Fingerprint {
+	fm.mu.RLock()
+	if fp, exists := fm.fingerprints[tokenKey]; exists {
+		fm.mu.RUnlock()
+		return fp
+	}
+	fm.mu.RUnlock()
+
+	fm.mu.Lock()
+	defer fm.mu.Unlock()
+
+	if fp, exists := fm.fingerprints[tokenKey]; exists {
+		return fp
+	}
+
+	fp := fm.generateFingerprint(tokenKey)
+	fm.fingerprints[tokenKey] = fp
+	return fp
+}
+
+// generateFingerprint 生成新的指纹
+func (fm *FingerprintManager) generateFingerprint(tokenKey string) *Fingerprint {
+	osType := fm.randomChoice(osTypes)
+	osVersion := fm.randomChoice(osVersions[osType])
+	kiroVersion := fm.randomChoice(kiroVersions)
+
+	fp := &Fingerprint{
+		SDKVersion:          fm.randomChoice(sdkVersions),
+		OSType:              osType,
+		OSVersion:           osVersion,
+		NodeVersion:         fm.randomChoice(nodeVersions),
+		KiroVersion:         kiroVersion,
+		AcceptLanguage:      fm.randomChoice(acceptLanguages),
+		ScreenResolution:    fm.randomChoice(screenResolutions),
+		ColorDepth:          fm.randomIntChoice(colorDepths),
+		HardwareConcurrency: fm.randomIntChoice(hardwareConcurrencies),
+		TimezoneOffset:      fm.randomIntChoice(timezoneOffsets),
+	}
+
+	fp.KiroHash = fm.generateKiroHash(tokenKey, kiroVersion, osType)
+	return fp
+}
+
+// generateKiroHash 生成 Kiro Hash
+func (fm *FingerprintManager) generateKiroHash(tokenKey, kiroVersion, osType string) string {
+	data := fmt.Sprintf("%s:%s:%s:%d", tokenKey, kiroVersion, osType, time.Now().UnixNano())
+	hash := sha256.Sum256([]byte(data))
+	return hex.EncodeToString(hash[:])
+}
+
+// randomChoice 随机选择字符串
+func (fm *FingerprintManager) randomChoice(choices []string) string {
+	return choices[fm.rng.Intn(len(choices))]
+}
+
+// randomIntChoice 随机选择整数
+func (fm *FingerprintManager) randomIntChoice(choices []int) int {
+	return choices[fm.rng.Intn(len(choices))]
+}
+
+// ApplyToRequest 将指纹信息应用到 HTTP 请求头
+func (fp *Fingerprint) ApplyToRequest(req *http.Request) {
+	req.Header.Set("X-Kiro-SDK-Version", fp.SDKVersion)
+	req.Header.Set("X-Kiro-OS-Type", fp.OSType)
+	req.Header.Set("X-Kiro-OS-Version", fp.OSVersion)
+	req.Header.Set("X-Kiro-Node-Version", fp.NodeVersion)
+	req.Header.Set("X-Kiro-Version", fp.KiroVersion)
+	req.Header.Set("X-Kiro-Hash", fp.KiroHash)
+	req.Header.Set("Accept-Language", fp.AcceptLanguage)
+	req.Header.Set("X-Screen-Resolution", fp.ScreenResolution)
+	req.Header.Set("X-Color-Depth", fmt.Sprintf("%d", fp.ColorDepth))
+	req.Header.Set("X-Hardware-Concurrency", fmt.Sprintf("%d", fp.HardwareConcurrency))
+	req.Header.Set("X-Timezone-Offset", fmt.Sprintf("%d", fp.TimezoneOffset))
+}
+
+// RemoveFingerprint 移除 Token 关联的指纹
+func (fm *FingerprintManager) RemoveFingerprint(tokenKey string) {
+	fm.mu.Lock()
+	defer fm.mu.Unlock()
+	delete(fm.fingerprints, tokenKey)
+}
+
+// Count 返回当前管理的指纹数量
+func (fm *FingerprintManager) Count() int {
+	fm.mu.RLock()
+	defer fm.mu.RUnlock()
+	return len(fm.fingerprints)
+}
+
+// BuildUserAgent 构建 User-Agent 字符串 (Kiro IDE 风格)
+// 格式: aws-sdk-js/{SDKVersion} ua/2.1 os/{OSType}#{OSVersion} lang/js md/nodejs#{NodeVersion} api/codewhispererstreaming#{SDKVersion} m/E KiroIDE-{KiroVersion}-{KiroHash}
+func (fp *Fingerprint) BuildUserAgent() string {
+	return fmt.Sprintf(
+		"aws-sdk-js/%s ua/2.1 os/%s#%s lang/js md/nodejs#%s api/codewhispererstreaming#%s m/E KiroIDE-%s-%s",
+		fp.SDKVersion,
+		fp.OSType,
+		fp.OSVersion,
+		fp.NodeVersion,
+		fp.SDKVersion,
+		fp.KiroVersion,
+		fp.KiroHash,
+	)
+}
+
+// BuildAmzUserAgent 构建 X-Amz-User-Agent 字符串
+// 格式: aws-sdk-js/{SDKVersion} KiroIDE-{KiroVersion}-{KiroHash}
+func (fp *Fingerprint) BuildAmzUserAgent() string {
+	return fmt.Sprintf(
+		"aws-sdk-js/%s KiroIDE-%s-%s",
+		fp.SDKVersion,
+		fp.KiroVersion,
+		fp.KiroHash,
+	)
+}

internal/auth/kiro/fingerprint_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,227 @@
+package kiro
+
+import (
+	"net/http"
+	"sync"
+	"testing"
+)
+
+func TestNewFingerprintManager(t *testing.T) {
+	fm := NewFingerprintManager()
+	if fm == nil {
+		t.Fatal("expected non-nil FingerprintManager")
+	}
+	if fm.fingerprints == nil {
+		t.Error("expected non-nil fingerprints map")
+	}
+	if fm.rng == nil {
+		t.Error("expected non-nil rng")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestGetFingerprint_NewToken(t *testing.T) {
+	fm := NewFingerprintManager()
+	fp := fm.GetFingerprint("token1")
+
+	if fp == nil {
+		t.Fatal("expected non-nil Fingerprint")
+	}
+	if fp.SDKVersion == "" {
+		t.Error("expected non-empty SDKVersion")
+	}
+	if fp.OSType == "" {
+		t.Error("expected non-empty OSType")
+	}
+	if fp.OSVersion == "" {
+		t.Error("expected non-empty OSVersion")
+	}
+	if fp.NodeVersion == "" {
+		t.Error("expected non-empty NodeVersion")
+	}
+	if fp.KiroVersion == "" {
+		t.Error("expected non-empty KiroVersion")
+	}
+	if fp.KiroHash == "" {
+		t.Error("expected non-empty KiroHash")
+	}
+	if fp.AcceptLanguage == "" {
+		t.Error("expected non-empty AcceptLanguage")
+	}
+	if fp.ScreenResolution == "" {
+		t.Error("expected non-empty ScreenResolution")
+	}
+	if fp.ColorDepth == 0 {
+		t.Error("expected non-zero ColorDepth")
+	}
+	if fp.HardwareConcurrency == 0 {
+		t.Error("expected non-zero HardwareConcurrency")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestGetFingerprint_SameTokenReturnsSameFingerprint(t *testing.T) {
+	fm := NewFingerprintManager()
+	fp1 := fm.GetFingerprint("token1")
+	fp2 := fm.GetFingerprint("token1")
+
+	if fp1 != fp2 {
+		t.Error("expected same fingerprint for same token")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestGetFingerprint_DifferentTokens(t *testing.T) {
+	fm := NewFingerprintManager()
+	fp1 := fm.GetFingerprint("token1")
+	fp2 := fm.GetFingerprint("token2")
+
+	if fp1 == fp2 {
+		t.Error("expected different fingerprints for different tokens")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestRemoveFingerprint(t *testing.T) {
+	fm := NewFingerprintManager()
+	fm.GetFingerprint("token1")
+	if fm.Count() != 1 {
+		t.Fatalf("expected count 1, got %d", fm.Count())
+	}
+
+	fm.RemoveFingerprint("token1")
+	if fm.Count() != 0 {
+		t.Errorf("expected count 0, got %d", fm.Count())
+	}
+}
+
+func TestRemoveFingerprint_NonExistent(t *testing.T) {
+	fm := NewFingerprintManager()
+	fm.RemoveFingerprint("nonexistent")
+	if fm.Count() != 0 {
+		t.Errorf("expected count 0, got %d", fm.Count())
+	}
+}
+
+func TestCount(t *testing.T) {
+	fm := NewFingerprintManager()
+	if fm.Count() != 0 {
+		t.Errorf("expected count 0, got %d", fm.Count())
+	}
+
+	fm.GetFingerprint("token1")
+	fm.GetFingerprint("token2")
+	fm.GetFingerprint("token3")
+
+	if fm.Count() != 3 {
+		t.Errorf("expected count 3, got %d", fm.Count())
+	}
+}
+
+func TestApplyToRequest(t *testing.T) {
+	fm := NewFingerprintManager()
+	fp := fm.GetFingerprint("token1")
+
+	req, _ := http.NewRequest("GET", "http://example.com", nil)
+	fp.ApplyToRequest(req)
+
+	if req.Header.Get("X-Kiro-SDK-Version") != fp.SDKVersion {
+		t.Error("X-Kiro-SDK-Version header mismatch")
+	}
+	if req.Header.Get("X-Kiro-OS-Type") != fp.OSType {
+		t.Error("X-Kiro-OS-Type header mismatch")
+	}
+	if req.Header.Get("X-Kiro-OS-Version") != fp.OSVersion {
+		t.Error("X-Kiro-OS-Version header mismatch")
+	}
+	if req.Header.Get("X-Kiro-Node-Version") != fp.NodeVersion {
+		t.Error("X-Kiro-Node-Version header mismatch")
+	}
+	if req.Header.Get("X-Kiro-Version") != fp.KiroVersion {
+		t.Error("X-Kiro-Version header mismatch")
+	}
+	if req.Header.Get("X-Kiro-Hash") != fp.KiroHash {
+		t.Error("X-Kiro-Hash header mismatch")
+	}
+	if req.Header.Get("Accept-Language") != fp.AcceptLanguage {
+		t.Error("Accept-Language header mismatch")
+	}
+	if req.Header.Get("X-Screen-Resolution") != fp.ScreenResolution {
+		t.Error("X-Screen-Resolution header mismatch")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestGetFingerprint_OSVersionMatchesOSType(t *testing.T) {
+	fm := NewFingerprintManager()
+
+	for i := 0; i < 20; i++ {
+		fp := fm.GetFingerprint("token" + string(rune('a'+i)))
+		validVersions := osVersions[fp.OSType]
+		found := false
+		for _, v := range validVersions {
+			if v == fp.OSVersion {
+				found = true
+				break
+			}
+		}
+		if !found {
+			t.Errorf("OS version %s not valid for OS type %s", fp.OSVersion, fp.OSType)
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+func TestFingerprintManager_ConcurrentAccess(t *testing.T) {
+	fm := NewFingerprintManager()
+	const numGoroutines = 100
+	const numOperations = 100
+
+	var wg sync.WaitGroup
+	wg.Add(numGoroutines)
+
+	for i := 0; i < numGoroutines; i++ {
+		go func(id int) {
+			defer wg.Done()
+			for j := 0; j < numOperations; j++ {
+				tokenKey := "token" + string(rune('a'+id%26))
+				switch j % 4 {
+				case 0:
+					fm.GetFingerprint(tokenKey)
+				case 1:
+					fm.Count()
+				case 2:
+					fp := fm.GetFingerprint(tokenKey)
+					req, _ := http.NewRequest("GET", "http://example.com", nil)
+					fp.ApplyToRequest(req)
+				case 3:
+					fm.RemoveFingerprint(tokenKey)
+				}
+			}
+		}(i)
+	}
+
+	wg.Wait()
+}
+
+func TestKiroHashUniqueness(t *testing.T) {
+	fm := NewFingerprintManager()
+	hashes := make(map[string]bool)
+
+	for i := 0; i < 100; i++ {
+		fp := fm.GetFingerprint("token" + string(rune(i)))
+		if hashes[fp.KiroHash] {
+			t.Errorf("duplicate KiroHash detected: %s", fp.KiroHash)
+		}
+		hashes[fp.KiroHash] = true
+	}
+}
+
+func TestKiroHashFormat(t *testing.T) {
+	fm := NewFingerprintManager()
+	fp := fm.GetFingerprint("token1")
+
+	if len(fp.KiroHash) != 64 {
+		t.Errorf("expected KiroHash length 64 (SHA256 hex), got %d", len(fp.KiroHash))
+	}
+
+	for _, c := range fp.KiroHash {
+		if !((c >= '0' && c <= '9') || (c >= 'a' && c <= 'f')) {
+			t.Errorf("invalid hex character in KiroHash: %c", c)
+		}
+	}
+}

internal/auth/kiro/jitter.go

@@ -0,0 +1,174 @@
+package kiro
+
+import (
+	"math/rand"
+	"sync"
+	"time"
+)
+
+// Jitter configuration constants
+const (
+	// JitterPercent is the default percentage of jitter to apply (±30%)
+	JitterPercent = 0.30
+
+	// Human-like delay ranges
+	ShortDelayMin  = 50 * time.Millisecond  // Minimum for rapid consecutive operations
+	ShortDelayMax  = 200 * time.Millisecond // Maximum for rapid consecutive operations
+	NormalDelayMin = 1 * time.Second        // Minimum for normal thinking time
+	NormalDelayMax = 3 * time.Second        // Maximum for normal thinking time
+	LongDelayMin   = 5 * time.Second        // Minimum for reading/resting
+	LongDelayMax   = 10 * time.Second       // Maximum for reading/resting
+
+	// Probability thresholds for human-like behavior
+	ShortDelayProbability  = 0.20 // 20% chance of short delay (consecutive ops)
+	LongDelayProbability   = 0.05 // 5% chance of long delay (reading/resting)
+	NormalDelayProbability = 0.75 // 75% chance of normal delay (thinking)
+)
+
+var (
+	jitterRand     *rand.Rand
+	jitterRandOnce sync.Once
+	jitterMu       sync.Mutex
+	lastRequestTime time.Time
+)
+
+// initJitterRand initializes the random number generator for jitter calculations.
+// Uses a time-based seed for unpredictable but reproducible randomness.
+func initJitterRand() {
+	jitterRandOnce.Do(func() {
+		jitterRand = rand.New(rand.NewSource(time.Now().UnixNano()))
+	})
+}
+
+// RandomDelay generates a random delay between min and max duration.
+// Thread-safe implementation using mutex protection.
+func RandomDelay(min, max time.Duration) time.Duration {
+	initJitterRand()
+	jitterMu.Lock()
+	defer jitterMu.Unlock()
+
+	if min >= max {
+		return min
+	}
+
+	rangeMs := max.Milliseconds() - min.Milliseconds()
+	randomMs := jitterRand.Int63n(rangeMs)
+	return min + time.Duration(randomMs)*time.Millisecond
+}
+
+// JitterDelay adds jitter to a base delay.
+// Applies ±jitterPercent variation to the base delay.
+// For example, JitterDelay(1*time.Second, 0.30) returns a value between 700ms and 1300ms.
+func JitterDelay(baseDelay time.Duration, jitterPercent float64) time.Duration {
+	initJitterRand()
+	jitterMu.Lock()
+	defer jitterMu.Unlock()
+
+	if jitterPercent <= 0 || jitterPercent > 1 {
+		jitterPercent = JitterPercent
+	}
+
+	// Calculate jitter range: base * jitterPercent
+	jitterRange := float64(baseDelay) * jitterPercent
+
+	// Generate random value in range [-jitterRange, +jitterRange]
+	jitter := (jitterRand.Float64()*2 - 1) * jitterRange
+
+	result := time.Duration(float64(baseDelay) + jitter)
+	if result < 0 {
+		return 0
+	}
+	return result
+}
+
+// JitterDelayDefault applies the default ±30% jitter to a base delay.
+func JitterDelayDefault(baseDelay time.Duration) time.Duration {
+	return JitterDelay(baseDelay, JitterPercent)
+}
+
+// HumanLikeDelay generates a delay that mimics human behavior patterns.
+// The delay is selected based on probability distribution:
+//   - 20% chance: Short delay (50-200ms) - simulates consecutive rapid operations
+//   - 75% chance: Normal delay (1-3s) - simulates thinking/reading time
+//   - 5% chance: Long delay (5-10s) - simulates breaks/reading longer content
+//
+// Returns the delay duration (caller should call time.Sleep with this value).
+func HumanLikeDelay() time.Duration {
+	initJitterRand()
+	jitterMu.Lock()
+	defer jitterMu.Unlock()
+
+	// Track time since last request for adaptive behavior
+	now := time.Now()
+	timeSinceLastRequest := now.Sub(lastRequestTime)
+	lastRequestTime = now
+
+	// If requests are very close together, use short delay
+	if timeSinceLastRequest < 500*time.Millisecond && timeSinceLastRequest > 0 {
+		rangeMs := ShortDelayMax.Milliseconds() - ShortDelayMin.Milliseconds()
+		randomMs := jitterRand.Int63n(rangeMs)
+		return ShortDelayMin + time.Duration(randomMs)*time.Millisecond
+	}
+
+	// Otherwise, use probability-based selection
+	roll := jitterRand.Float64()
+
+	var min, max time.Duration
+	switch {
+	case roll < ShortDelayProbability:
+		// Short delay - consecutive operations
+		min, max = ShortDelayMin, ShortDelayMax
+	case roll < ShortDelayProbability+LongDelayProbability:
+		// Long delay - reading/resting
+		min, max = LongDelayMin, LongDelayMax
+	default:
+		// Normal delay - thinking time
+		min, max = NormalDelayMin, NormalDelayMax
+	}
+
+	rangeMs := max.Milliseconds() - min.Milliseconds()
+	randomMs := jitterRand.Int63n(rangeMs)
+	return min + time.Duration(randomMs)*time.Millisecond
+}
+
+// ApplyHumanLikeDelay applies human-like delay by sleeping.
+// This is a convenience function that combines HumanLikeDelay with time.Sleep.
+func ApplyHumanLikeDelay() {
+	delay := HumanLikeDelay()
+	if delay > 0 {
+		time.Sleep(delay)
+	}
+}
+
+// ExponentialBackoffWithJitter calculates retry delay using exponential backoff with jitter.
+// Formula: min(baseDelay * 2^attempt + jitter, maxDelay)
+// This helps prevent thundering herd problem when multiple clients retry simultaneously.
+func ExponentialBackoffWithJitter(attempt int, baseDelay, maxDelay time.Duration) time.Duration {
+	if attempt < 0 {
+		attempt = 0
+	}
+
+	// Calculate exponential backoff: baseDelay * 2^attempt
+	backoff := baseDelay * time.Duration(1<<uint(attempt))
+	if backoff > maxDelay {
+		backoff = maxDelay
+	}
+
+	// Add ±30% jitter
+	return JitterDelay(backoff, JitterPercent)
+}
+
+// ShouldSkipDelay determines if delay should be skipped based on context.
+// Returns true for streaming responses, WebSocket connections, etc.
+// This function can be extended to check additional skip conditions.
+func ShouldSkipDelay(isStreaming bool) bool {
+	return isStreaming
+}
+
+// ResetLastRequestTime resets the last request time tracker.
+// Useful for testing or when starting a new session.
+func ResetLastRequestTime() {
+	jitterMu.Lock()
+	defer jitterMu.Unlock()
+	lastRequestTime = time.Time{}
+}

internal/auth/kiro/metrics.go

@@ -0,0 +1,187 @@
+package kiro
+
+import (
+	"math"
+	"sync"
+	"time"
+)
+
+// TokenMetrics holds performance metrics for a single token.
+type TokenMetrics struct {
+	SuccessRate    float64   // Success rate (0.0 - 1.0)
+	AvgLatency     float64   // Average latency in milliseconds
+	QuotaRemaining float64   // Remaining quota (0.0 - 1.0)
+	LastUsed       time.Time // Last usage timestamp
+	FailCount      int       // Consecutive failure count
+	TotalRequests  int       // Total request count
+	successCount   int       // Internal: successful request count
+	totalLatency   float64   // Internal: cumulative latency
+}
+
+// TokenScorer manages token metrics and scoring.
+type TokenScorer struct {
+	mu      sync.RWMutex
+	metrics map[string]*TokenMetrics
+
+	// Scoring weights
+	successRateWeight    float64
+	quotaWeight          float64
+	latencyWeight        float64
+	lastUsedWeight       float64
+	failPenaltyMultiplier float64
+}
+
+// NewTokenScorer creates a new TokenScorer with default weights.
+func NewTokenScorer() *TokenScorer {
+	return &TokenScorer{
+		metrics:               make(map[string]*TokenMetrics),
+		successRateWeight:     0.4,
+		quotaWeight:           0.25,
+		latencyWeight:         0.2,
+		lastUsedWeight:        0.15,
+		failPenaltyMultiplier: 0.1,
+	}
+}
+
+// getOrCreateMetrics returns existing metrics or creates new ones.
+func (s *TokenScorer) getOrCreateMetrics(tokenKey string) *TokenMetrics {
+	if m, ok := s.metrics[tokenKey]; ok {
+		return m
+	}
+	m := &TokenMetrics{
+		SuccessRate:    1.0,
+		QuotaRemaining: 1.0,
+	}
+	s.metrics[tokenKey] = m
+	return m
+}
+
+// RecordRequest records the result of a request for a token.
+func (s *TokenScorer) RecordRequest(tokenKey string, success bool, latency time.Duration) {
+	s.mu.Lock()
+	defer s.mu.Unlock()
+
+	m := s.getOrCreateMetrics(tokenKey)
+	m.TotalRequests++
+	m.LastUsed = time.Now()
+	m.totalLatency += float64(latency.Milliseconds())
+
+	if success {
+		m.successCount++
+		m.FailCount = 0
+	} else {
+		m.FailCount++
+	}
+
+	// Update derived metrics
+	if m.TotalRequests > 0 {
+		m.SuccessRate = float64(m.successCount) / float64(m.TotalRequests)
+		m.AvgLatency = m.totalLatency / float64(m.TotalRequests)
+	}
+}
+
+// SetQuotaRemaining updates the remaining quota for a token.
+func (s *TokenScorer) SetQuotaRemaining(tokenKey string, quota float64) {
+	s.mu.Lock()
+	defer s.mu.Unlock()
+
+	m := s.getOrCreateMetrics(tokenKey)
+	m.QuotaRemaining = quota
+}
+
+// GetMetrics returns a copy of the metrics for a token.
+func (s *TokenScorer) GetMetrics(tokenKey string) *TokenMetrics {
+	s.mu.RLock()
+	defer s.mu.RUnlock()
+
+	if m, ok := s.metrics[tokenKey]; ok {
+		copy := *m
+		return &copy
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+// CalculateScore computes the score for a token (higher is better).
+func (s *TokenScorer) CalculateScore(tokenKey string) float64 {
+	s.mu.RLock()
+	defer s.mu.RUnlock()
+
+	m, ok := s.metrics[tokenKey]
+	if !ok {
+		return 1.0 // New tokens get a high initial score
+	}
+
+	// Success rate component (0-1)
+	successScore := m.SuccessRate
+
+	// Quota component (0-1)
+	quotaScore := m.QuotaRemaining
+
+	// Latency component (normalized, lower is better)
+	// Using exponential decay: score = e^(-latency/1000)
+	// 1000ms latency -> ~0.37 score, 100ms -> ~0.90 score
+	latencyScore := math.Exp(-m.AvgLatency / 1000.0)
+	if m.TotalRequests == 0 {
+		latencyScore = 1.0
+	}
+
+	// Last used component (prefer tokens not recently used)
+	// Score increases as time since last use increases
+	timeSinceUse := time.Since(m.LastUsed).Seconds()
+	// Normalize: 60 seconds -> ~0.63 score, 0 seconds -> 0 score
+	lastUsedScore := 1.0 - math.Exp(-timeSinceUse/60.0)
+	if m.LastUsed.IsZero() {
+		lastUsedScore = 1.0
+	}
+
+	// Calculate weighted score
+	score := s.successRateWeight*successScore +
+		s.quotaWeight*quotaScore +
+		s.latencyWeight*latencyScore +
+		s.lastUsedWeight*lastUsedScore
+
+	// Apply consecutive failure penalty
+	if m.FailCount > 0 {
+		penalty := s.failPenaltyMultiplier * float64(m.FailCount)
+		score = score * math.Max(0, 1.0-penalty)
+	}
+
+	return score
+}
+
+// SelectBestToken selects the token with the highest score.
+func (s *TokenScorer) SelectBestToken(tokens []string) string {
+	if len(tokens) == 0 {
+		return ""
+	}
+	if len(tokens) == 1 {
+		return tokens[0]
+	}
+
+	bestToken := tokens[0]
+	bestScore := s.CalculateScore(tokens[0])
+
+	for _, token := range tokens[1:] {
+		score := s.CalculateScore(token)
+		if score > bestScore {
+			bestScore = score
+			bestToken = token
+		}
+	}
+
+	return bestToken
+}
+
+// ResetMetrics clears all metrics for a token.
+func (s *TokenScorer) ResetMetrics(tokenKey string) {
+	s.mu.Lock()
+	defer s.mu.Unlock()
+	delete(s.metrics, tokenKey)
+}
+
+// ResetAllMetrics clears all stored metrics.
+func (s *TokenScorer) ResetAllMetrics() {
+	s.mu.Lock()
+	defer s.mu.Unlock()
+	s.metrics = make(map[string]*TokenMetrics)
+}

internal/auth/kiro/metrics_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,301 @@
+package kiro
+
+import (
+	"sync"
+	"testing"
+	"time"
+)
+
+func TestNewTokenScorer(t *testing.T) {
+	s := NewTokenScorer()
+	if s == nil {
+		t.Fatal("expected non-nil TokenScorer")
+	}
+	if s.metrics == nil {
+		t.Error("expected non-nil metrics map")
+	}
+	if s.successRateWeight != 0.4 {
+		t.Errorf("expected successRateWeight 0.4, got %f", s.successRateWeight)
+	}
+	if s.quotaWeight != 0.25 {
+		t.Errorf("expected quotaWeight 0.25, got %f", s.quotaWeight)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestRecordRequest_Success(t *testing.T) {
+	s := NewTokenScorer()
+	s.RecordRequest("token1", true, 100*time.Millisecond)
+
+	m := s.GetMetrics("token1")
+	if m == nil {
+		t.Fatal("expected non-nil metrics")
+	}
+	if m.TotalRequests != 1 {
+		t.Errorf("expected TotalRequests 1, got %d", m.TotalRequests)
+	}
+	if m.SuccessRate != 1.0 {
+		t.Errorf("expected SuccessRate 1.0, got %f", m.SuccessRate)
+	}
+	if m.FailCount != 0 {
+		t.Errorf("expected FailCount 0, got %d", m.FailCount)
+	}
+	if m.AvgLatency != 100 {
+		t.Errorf("expected AvgLatency 100, got %f", m.AvgLatency)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestRecordRequest_Failure(t *testing.T) {
+	s := NewTokenScorer()
+	s.RecordRequest("token1", false, 200*time.Millisecond)
+
+	m := s.GetMetrics("token1")
+	if m.SuccessRate != 0.0 {
+		t.Errorf("expected SuccessRate 0.0, got %f", m.SuccessRate)
+	}
+	if m.FailCount != 1 {
+		t.Errorf("expected FailCount 1, got %d", m.FailCount)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestRecordRequest_MixedResults(t *testing.T) {
+	s := NewTokenScorer()
+	s.RecordRequest("token1", true, 100*time.Millisecond)
+	s.RecordRequest("token1", true, 100*time.Millisecond)
+	s.RecordRequest("token1", false, 100*time.Millisecond)
+	s.RecordRequest("token1", true, 100*time.Millisecond)
+
+	m := s.GetMetrics("token1")
+	if m.TotalRequests != 4 {
+		t.Errorf("expected TotalRequests 4, got %d", m.TotalRequests)
+	}
+	if m.SuccessRate != 0.75 {
+		t.Errorf("expected SuccessRate 0.75, got %f", m.SuccessRate)
+	}
+	if m.FailCount != 0 {
+		t.Errorf("expected FailCount 0 (reset on success), got %d", m.FailCount)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestRecordRequest_ConsecutiveFailures(t *testing.T) {
+	s := NewTokenScorer()
+	s.RecordRequest("token1", true, 100*time.Millisecond)
+	s.RecordRequest("token1", false, 100*time.Millisecond)
+	s.RecordRequest("token1", false, 100*time.Millisecond)
+	s.RecordRequest("token1", false, 100*time.Millisecond)
+
+	m := s.GetMetrics("token1")
+	if m.FailCount != 3 {
+		t.Errorf("expected FailCount 3, got %d", m.FailCount)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestSetQuotaRemaining(t *testing.T) {
+	s := NewTokenScorer()
+	s.SetQuotaRemaining("token1", 0.5)
+
+	m := s.GetMetrics("token1")
+	if m.QuotaRemaining != 0.5 {
+		t.Errorf("expected QuotaRemaining 0.5, got %f", m.QuotaRemaining)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestGetMetrics_NonExistent(t *testing.T) {
+	s := NewTokenScorer()
+	m := s.GetMetrics("nonexistent")
+	if m != nil {
+		t.Error("expected nil metrics for non-existent token")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestGetMetrics_ReturnsCopy(t *testing.T) {
+	s := NewTokenScorer()
+	s.RecordRequest("token1", true, 100*time.Millisecond)
+
+	m1 := s.GetMetrics("token1")
+	m1.TotalRequests = 999
+
+	m2 := s.GetMetrics("token1")
+	if m2.TotalRequests == 999 {
+		t.Error("GetMetrics should return a copy")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestCalculateScore_NewToken(t *testing.T) {
+	s := NewTokenScorer()
+	score := s.CalculateScore("newtoken")
+	if score != 1.0 {
+		t.Errorf("expected score 1.0 for new token, got %f", score)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestCalculateScore_PerfectToken(t *testing.T) {
+	s := NewTokenScorer()
+	s.RecordRequest("token1", true, 50*time.Millisecond)
+	s.SetQuotaRemaining("token1", 1.0)
+
+	time.Sleep(100 * time.Millisecond)
+	score := s.CalculateScore("token1")
+	if score < 0.5 || score > 1.0 {
+		t.Errorf("expected high score for perfect token, got %f", score)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestCalculateScore_FailedToken(t *testing.T) {
+	s := NewTokenScorer()
+	for i := 0; i < 5; i++ {
+		s.RecordRequest("token1", false, 1000*time.Millisecond)
+	}
+	s.SetQuotaRemaining("token1", 0.1)
+
+	score := s.CalculateScore("token1")
+	if score > 0.5 {
+		t.Errorf("expected low score for failed token, got %f", score)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestCalculateScore_FailPenalty(t *testing.T) {
+	s := NewTokenScorer()
+	s.RecordRequest("token1", true, 100*time.Millisecond)
+	scoreNoFail := s.CalculateScore("token1")
+
+	s.RecordRequest("token1", false, 100*time.Millisecond)
+	s.RecordRequest("token1", false, 100*time.Millisecond)
+	scoreWithFail := s.CalculateScore("token1")
+
+	if scoreWithFail >= scoreNoFail {
+		t.Errorf("expected lower score with consecutive failures: noFail=%f, withFail=%f", scoreNoFail, scoreWithFail)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestSelectBestToken_Empty(t *testing.T) {
+	s := NewTokenScorer()
+	best := s.SelectBestToken([]string{})
+	if best != "" {
+		t.Errorf("expected empty string for empty tokens, got %s", best)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestSelectBestToken_SingleToken(t *testing.T) {
+	s := NewTokenScorer()
+	best := s.SelectBestToken([]string{"token1"})
+	if best != "token1" {
+		t.Errorf("expected token1, got %s", best)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestSelectBestToken_MultipleTokens(t *testing.T) {
+	s := NewTokenScorer()
+
+	s.RecordRequest("bad", false, 1000*time.Millisecond)
+	s.RecordRequest("bad", false, 1000*time.Millisecond)
+	s.SetQuotaRemaining("bad", 0.1)
+
+	s.RecordRequest("good", true, 50*time.Millisecond)
+	s.SetQuotaRemaining("good", 0.9)
+
+	time.Sleep(50 * time.Millisecond)
+
+	best := s.SelectBestToken([]string{"bad", "good"})
+	if best != "good" {
+		t.Errorf("expected good token to be selected, got %s", best)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestResetMetrics(t *testing.T) {
+	s := NewTokenScorer()
+	s.RecordRequest("token1", true, 100*time.Millisecond)
+	s.ResetMetrics("token1")
+
+	m := s.GetMetrics("token1")
+	if m != nil {
+		t.Error("expected nil metrics after reset")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestResetAllMetrics(t *testing.T) {
+	s := NewTokenScorer()
+	s.RecordRequest("token1", true, 100*time.Millisecond)
+	s.RecordRequest("token2", true, 100*time.Millisecond)
+	s.RecordRequest("token3", true, 100*time.Millisecond)
+
+	s.ResetAllMetrics()
+
+	if s.GetMetrics("token1") != nil {
+		t.Error("expected nil metrics for token1 after reset all")
+	}
+	if s.GetMetrics("token2") != nil {
+		t.Error("expected nil metrics for token2 after reset all")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestTokenScorer_ConcurrentAccess(t *testing.T) {
+	s := NewTokenScorer()
+	const numGoroutines = 50
+	const numOperations = 100
+
+	var wg sync.WaitGroup
+	wg.Add(numGoroutines)
+
+	for i := 0; i < numGoroutines; i++ {
+		go func(id int) {
+			defer wg.Done()
+			tokenKey := "token" + string(rune('a'+id%10))
+			for j := 0; j < numOperations; j++ {
+				switch j % 6 {
+				case 0:
+					s.RecordRequest(tokenKey, j%2 == 0, time.Duration(j)*time.Millisecond)
+				case 1:
+					s.SetQuotaRemaining(tokenKey, float64(j%100)/100)
+				case 2:
+					s.GetMetrics(tokenKey)
+				case 3:
+					s.CalculateScore(tokenKey)
+				case 4:
+					s.SelectBestToken([]string{tokenKey, "token_x", "token_y"})
+				case 5:
+					if j%20 == 0 {
+						s.ResetMetrics(tokenKey)
+					}
+				}
+			}
+		}(i)
+	}
+
+	wg.Wait()
+}
+
+func TestAvgLatencyCalculation(t *testing.T) {
+	s := NewTokenScorer()
+	s.RecordRequest("token1", true, 100*time.Millisecond)
+	s.RecordRequest("token1", true, 200*time.Millisecond)
+	s.RecordRequest("token1", true, 300*time.Millisecond)
+
+	m := s.GetMetrics("token1")
+	if m.AvgLatency != 200 {
+		t.Errorf("expected AvgLatency 200, got %f", m.AvgLatency)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestLastUsedUpdated(t *testing.T) {
+	s := NewTokenScorer()
+	before := time.Now()
+	s.RecordRequest("token1", true, 100*time.Millisecond)
+
+	m := s.GetMetrics("token1")
+	if m.LastUsed.Before(before) {
+		t.Error("expected LastUsed to be after test start time")
+	}
+	if m.LastUsed.After(time.Now()) {
+		t.Error("expected LastUsed to be before or equal to now")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestDefaultQuotaForNewToken(t *testing.T) {
+	s := NewTokenScorer()
+	s.RecordRequest("token1", true, 100*time.Millisecond)
+
+	m := s.GetMetrics("token1")
+	if m.QuotaRemaining != 1.0 {
+		t.Errorf("expected default QuotaRemaining 1.0, got %f", m.QuotaRemaining)
+	}
+}

internal/auth/kiro/oauth.go

@@ -190,7 +190,7 @@ func (o *KiroOAuth) exchangeCodeForToken(ctx context.Context, code, codeVerifier
 	}
 
 	req.Header.Set("Content-Type", "application/json")
-	req.Header.Set("User-Agent", "cli-proxy-api/1.0.0")
+	req.Header.Set("User-Agent", "KiroIDE-0.7.45-cli-proxy-api")
 
 	resp, err := o.httpClient.Do(req)
 	if err != nil {
@@ -227,11 +227,19 @@ func (o *KiroOAuth) exchangeCodeForToken(ctx context.Context, code, codeVerifier
 		ExpiresAt:    expiresAt.Format(time.RFC3339),
 		AuthMethod:   "social",
 		Provider:     "", // Caller should preserve original provider
+		Region:       "us-east-1",
 	}, nil
 }
 
 // RefreshToken refreshes an expired access token.
+// Uses KiroIDE-style User-Agent to match official Kiro IDE behavior.
 func (o *KiroOAuth) RefreshToken(ctx context.Context, refreshToken string) (*KiroTokenData, error) {
+	return o.RefreshTokenWithFingerprint(ctx, refreshToken, "")
+}
+
+// RefreshTokenWithFingerprint refreshes an expired access token with a specific fingerprint.
+// tokenKey is used to generate a consistent fingerprint for the token.
+func (o *KiroOAuth) RefreshTokenWithFingerprint(ctx context.Context, refreshToken, tokenKey string) (*KiroTokenData, error) {
 	payload := map[string]string{
 		"refreshToken": refreshToken,
 	}
@@ -248,7 +256,11 @@ func (o *KiroOAuth) RefreshToken(ctx context.Context, refreshToken string) (*Kir
 	}
 
 	req.Header.Set("Content-Type", "application/json")
-	req.Header.Set("User-Agent", "cli-proxy-api/1.0.0")
+
+	// Use KiroIDE-style User-Agent to match official Kiro IDE behavior
+	// This helps avoid 403 errors from server-side User-Agent validation
+	userAgent := buildKiroUserAgent(tokenKey)
+	req.Header.Set("User-Agent", userAgent)
 
 	resp, err := o.httpClient.Do(req)
 	if err != nil {
@@ -263,7 +275,7 @@ func (o *KiroOAuth) RefreshToken(ctx context.Context, refreshToken string) (*Kir
 
 	if resp.StatusCode != http.StatusOK {
 		log.Debugf("token refresh failed (status %d): %s", resp.StatusCode, string(respBody))
-		return nil, fmt.Errorf("token refresh failed (status %d)", resp.StatusCode)
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("token refresh failed (status %d): %s", resp.StatusCode, string(respBody))
 	}
 
 	var tokenResp KiroTokenResponse
@@ -285,9 +297,23 @@ func (o *KiroOAuth) RefreshToken(ctx context.Context, refreshToken string) (*Kir
 		ExpiresAt:    expiresAt.Format(time.RFC3339),
 		AuthMethod:   "social",
 		Provider:     "", // Caller should preserve original provider
+		Region:       "us-east-1",
 	}, nil
 }
 
+// buildKiroUserAgent builds a KiroIDE-style User-Agent string.
+// If tokenKey is provided, uses fingerprint manager for consistent fingerprint.
+// Otherwise generates a simple KiroIDE User-Agent.
+func buildKiroUserAgent(tokenKey string) string {
+	if tokenKey != "" {
+		fm := NewFingerprintManager()
+		fp := fm.GetFingerprint(tokenKey)
+		return fmt.Sprintf("KiroIDE-%s-%s", fp.KiroVersion, fp.KiroHash[:16])
+	}
+	// Default KiroIDE User-Agent matching kiro-openai-gateway format
+	return "KiroIDE-0.7.45-cli-proxy-api"
+}
+
 // LoginWithGoogle performs OAuth login with Google using Kiro's social auth.
 // This uses a custom protocol handler (kiro://) to receive the callback.
 func (o *KiroOAuth) LoginWithGoogle(ctx context.Context) (*KiroTokenData, error) {

internal/auth/kiro/oauth_web.go

@@ -0,0 +1,969 @@
+// Package kiro provides OAuth Web authentication for Kiro.
+package kiro
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"crypto/rand"
+	"encoding/base64"
+	"encoding/json"
+	"fmt"
+	"html/template"
+	"net/http"
+	"os"
+	"path/filepath"
+	"strings"
+	"sync"
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/gin-gonic/gin"
+	"github.com/router-for-me/CLIProxyAPI/v6/internal/config"
+	"github.com/router-for-me/CLIProxyAPI/v6/internal/util"
+	log "github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
+)
+
+const (
+	defaultSessionExpiry = 10 * time.Minute
+	pollIntervalSeconds  = 5
+)
+
+type authSessionStatus string
+
+const (
+	statusPending authSessionStatus = "pending"
+	statusSuccess authSessionStatus = "success"
+	statusFailed  authSessionStatus = "failed"
+)
+
+type webAuthSession struct {
+	stateID          string
+	deviceCode       string
+	userCode         string
+	authURL          string
+	verificationURI  string
+	expiresIn        int
+	interval         int
+	status           authSessionStatus
+	startedAt        time.Time
+	completedAt      time.Time
+	expiresAt        time.Time
+	error            string
+	tokenData        *KiroTokenData
+	ssoClient        *SSOOIDCClient
+	clientID         string
+	clientSecret     string
+	region           string
+	cancelFunc       context.CancelFunc
+	authMethod       string // "google", "github", "builder-id", "idc"
+	startURL         string // Used for IDC
+	codeVerifier     string // Used for social auth PKCE
+	codeChallenge    string // Used for social auth PKCE
+}
+
+type OAuthWebHandler struct {
+	cfg              *config.Config
+	sessions         map[string]*webAuthSession
+	mu               sync.RWMutex
+	onTokenObtained  func(*KiroTokenData)
+}
+
+func NewOAuthWebHandler(cfg *config.Config) *OAuthWebHandler {
+	return &OAuthWebHandler{
+		cfg:      cfg,
+		sessions: make(map[string]*webAuthSession),
+	}
+}
+
+func (h *OAuthWebHandler) SetTokenCallback(callback func(*KiroTokenData)) {
+	h.onTokenObtained = callback
+}
+
+func (h *OAuthWebHandler) RegisterRoutes(router gin.IRouter) {
+	oauth := router.Group("/v0/oauth/kiro")
+	{
+		oauth.GET("", h.handleSelect)
+		oauth.GET("/start", h.handleStart)
+		oauth.GET("/callback", h.handleCallback)
+		oauth.GET("/social/callback", h.handleSocialCallback)
+		oauth.GET("/status", h.handleStatus)
+		oauth.POST("/import", h.handleImportToken)
+		oauth.POST("/refresh", h.handleManualRefresh)
+	}
+}
+
+func generateStateID() (string, error) {
+	b := make([]byte, 16)
+	if _, err := rand.Read(b); err != nil {
+		return "", err
+	}
+	return base64.RawURLEncoding.EncodeToString(b), nil
+}
+
+func (h *OAuthWebHandler) handleSelect(c *gin.Context) {
+	h.renderSelectPage(c)
+}
+
+func (h *OAuthWebHandler) handleStart(c *gin.Context) {
+	method := c.Query("method")
+	
+	if method == "" {
+		c.Redirect(http.StatusFound, "/v0/oauth/kiro")
+		return
+	}
+
+	switch method {
+	case "google", "github":
+		// Google/GitHub social login is not supported for third-party apps
+		// due to AWS Cognito redirect_uri restrictions
+		h.renderError(c, "Google/GitHub login is not available for third-party applications. Please use AWS Builder ID or import your token from Kiro IDE.")
+	case "builder-id":
+		h.startBuilderIDAuth(c)
+	case "idc":
+		h.startIDCAuth(c)
+	default:
+		h.renderError(c, fmt.Sprintf("Unknown authentication method: %s", method))
+	}
+}
+
+func (h *OAuthWebHandler) startSocialAuth(c *gin.Context, method string) {
+	stateID, err := generateStateID()
+	if err != nil {
+		h.renderError(c, "Failed to generate state parameter")
+		return
+	}
+
+	codeVerifier, codeChallenge, err := generatePKCE()
+	if err != nil {
+		h.renderError(c, "Failed to generate PKCE parameters")
+		return
+	}
+
+	socialClient := NewSocialAuthClient(h.cfg)
+	
+	var provider string
+	if method == "google" {
+		provider = string(ProviderGoogle)
+	} else {
+		provider = string(ProviderGitHub)
+	}
+
+	redirectURI := h.getSocialCallbackURL(c)
+	authURL := socialClient.buildLoginURL(provider, redirectURI, codeChallenge, stateID)
+
+	ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), 10*time.Minute)
+
+	session := &webAuthSession{
+		stateID:       stateID,
+		authMethod:    method,
+		authURL:       authURL,
+		status:        statusPending,
+		startedAt:     time.Now(),
+		expiresIn:     600,
+		codeVerifier:  codeVerifier,
+		codeChallenge: codeChallenge,
+		region:        "us-east-1",
+		cancelFunc:    cancel,
+	}
+
+	h.mu.Lock()
+	h.sessions[stateID] = session
+	h.mu.Unlock()
+
+	go func() {
+		<-ctx.Done()
+		h.mu.Lock()
+		if session.status == statusPending {
+			session.status = statusFailed
+			session.error = "Authentication timed out"
+		}
+		h.mu.Unlock()
+	}()
+
+	c.Redirect(http.StatusFound, authURL)
+}
+
+func (h *OAuthWebHandler) getSocialCallbackURL(c *gin.Context) string {
+	scheme := "http"
+	if c.Request.TLS != nil || c.GetHeader("X-Forwarded-Proto") == "https" {
+		scheme = "https"
+	}
+	return fmt.Sprintf("%s://%s/v0/oauth/kiro/social/callback", scheme, c.Request.Host)
+}
+
+func (h *OAuthWebHandler) startBuilderIDAuth(c *gin.Context) {
+	stateID, err := generateStateID()
+	if err != nil {
+		h.renderError(c, "Failed to generate state parameter")
+		return
+	}
+
+	region := defaultIDCRegion
+	startURL := builderIDStartURL
+
+	ssoClient := NewSSOOIDCClient(h.cfg)
+
+	regResp, err := ssoClient.RegisterClientWithRegion(c.Request.Context(), region)
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Errorf("OAuth Web: failed to register client: %v", err)
+		h.renderError(c, fmt.Sprintf("Failed to register client: %v", err))
+		return
+	}
+
+	authResp, err := ssoClient.StartDeviceAuthorizationWithIDC(
+		c.Request.Context(),
+		regResp.ClientID,
+		regResp.ClientSecret,
+		startURL,
+		region,
+	)
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Errorf("OAuth Web: failed to start device authorization: %v", err)
+		h.renderError(c, fmt.Sprintf("Failed to start device authorization: %v", err))
+		return
+	}
+
+	ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), time.Duration(authResp.ExpiresIn)*time.Second)
+
+	session := &webAuthSession{
+		stateID:         stateID,
+		deviceCode:      authResp.DeviceCode,
+		userCode:        authResp.UserCode,
+		authURL:         authResp.VerificationURIComplete,
+		verificationURI: authResp.VerificationURI,
+		expiresIn:       authResp.ExpiresIn,
+		interval:        authResp.Interval,
+		status:          statusPending,
+		startedAt:       time.Now(),
+		ssoClient:       ssoClient,
+		clientID:        regResp.ClientID,
+		clientSecret:    regResp.ClientSecret,
+		region:          region,
+		authMethod:      "builder-id",
+		startURL:        startURL,
+		cancelFunc:      cancel,
+	}
+
+	h.mu.Lock()
+	h.sessions[stateID] = session
+	h.mu.Unlock()
+
+	go h.pollForToken(ctx, session)
+
+	h.renderStartPage(c, session)
+}
+
+func (h *OAuthWebHandler) startIDCAuth(c *gin.Context) {
+	startURL := c.Query("startUrl")
+	region := c.Query("region")
+
+	if startURL == "" {
+		h.renderError(c, "Missing startUrl parameter for IDC authentication")
+		return
+	}
+	if region == "" {
+		region = defaultIDCRegion
+	}
+
+	stateID, err := generateStateID()
+	if err != nil {
+		h.renderError(c, "Failed to generate state parameter")
+		return
+	}
+
+	ssoClient := NewSSOOIDCClient(h.cfg)
+
+	regResp, err := ssoClient.RegisterClientWithRegion(c.Request.Context(), region)
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Errorf("OAuth Web: failed to register client: %v", err)
+		h.renderError(c, fmt.Sprintf("Failed to register client: %v", err))
+		return
+	}
+
+	authResp, err := ssoClient.StartDeviceAuthorizationWithIDC(
+		c.Request.Context(),
+		regResp.ClientID,
+		regResp.ClientSecret,
+		startURL,
+		region,
+	)
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Errorf("OAuth Web: failed to start device authorization: %v", err)
+		h.renderError(c, fmt.Sprintf("Failed to start device authorization: %v", err))
+		return
+	}
+
+	ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), time.Duration(authResp.ExpiresIn)*time.Second)
+
+	session := &webAuthSession{
+		stateID:         stateID,
+		deviceCode:      authResp.DeviceCode,
+		userCode:        authResp.UserCode,
+		authURL:         authResp.VerificationURIComplete,
+		verificationURI: authResp.VerificationURI,
+		expiresIn:       authResp.ExpiresIn,
+		interval:        authResp.Interval,
+		status:          statusPending,
+		startedAt:       time.Now(),
+		ssoClient:       ssoClient,
+		clientID:        regResp.ClientID,
+		clientSecret:    regResp.ClientSecret,
+		region:          region,
+		authMethod:      "idc",
+		startURL:        startURL,
+		cancelFunc:      cancel,
+	}
+
+	h.mu.Lock()
+	h.sessions[stateID] = session
+	h.mu.Unlock()
+
+	go h.pollForToken(ctx, session)
+
+	h.renderStartPage(c, session)
+}
+
+func (h *OAuthWebHandler) pollForToken(ctx context.Context, session *webAuthSession) {
+	defer session.cancelFunc()
+
+	interval := time.Duration(session.interval) * time.Second
+	if interval < time.Duration(pollIntervalSeconds)*time.Second {
+		interval = time.Duration(pollIntervalSeconds) * time.Second
+	}
+
+	ticker := time.NewTicker(interval)
+	defer ticker.Stop()
+
+	for {
+		select {
+		case <-ctx.Done():
+			h.mu.Lock()
+			if session.status == statusPending {
+				session.status = statusFailed
+				session.error = "Authentication timed out"
+			}
+			h.mu.Unlock()
+			return
+		case <-ticker.C:
+			tokenResp, err := h.ssoClient(session).CreateTokenWithRegion(
+				ctx,
+				session.clientID,
+				session.clientSecret,
+				session.deviceCode,
+				session.region,
+			)
+
+			if err != nil {
+				errStr := err.Error()
+				if errStr == ErrAuthorizationPending.Error() {
+					continue
+				}
+				if errStr == ErrSlowDown.Error() {
+					interval += 5 * time.Second
+					ticker.Reset(interval)
+					continue
+				}
+
+				h.mu.Lock()
+				session.status = statusFailed
+				session.error = errStr
+				session.completedAt = time.Now()
+				h.mu.Unlock()
+
+				log.Errorf("OAuth Web: token polling failed: %v", err)
+				return
+			}
+
+			expiresAt := time.Now().Add(time.Duration(tokenResp.ExpiresIn) * time.Second)
+			profileArn := session.ssoClient.fetchProfileArn(ctx, tokenResp.AccessToken)
+			email := FetchUserEmailWithFallback(ctx, h.cfg, tokenResp.AccessToken)
+
+			tokenData := &KiroTokenData{
+					AccessToken:  tokenResp.AccessToken,
+					RefreshToken: tokenResp.RefreshToken,
+					ProfileArn:   profileArn,
+					ExpiresAt:    expiresAt.Format(time.RFC3339),
+					AuthMethod:   session.authMethod,
+					Provider:     "AWS",
+					ClientID:     session.clientID,
+					ClientSecret: session.clientSecret,
+					Email:        email,
+					Region:       session.region,
+					StartURL:     session.startURL,
+				}
+
+			h.mu.Lock()
+			session.status = statusSuccess
+			session.completedAt = time.Now()
+			session.expiresAt = expiresAt
+			session.tokenData = tokenData
+			h.mu.Unlock()
+
+			if h.onTokenObtained != nil {
+				h.onTokenObtained(tokenData)
+			}
+
+			// Save token to file
+			h.saveTokenToFile(tokenData)
+
+			log.Infof("OAuth Web: authentication successful for %s", email)
+			return
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+// saveTokenToFile saves the token data to the auth directory
+func (h *OAuthWebHandler) saveTokenToFile(tokenData *KiroTokenData) {
+	// Get auth directory from config or use default
+	authDir := ""
+	if h.cfg != nil && h.cfg.AuthDir != "" {
+		var err error
+		authDir, err = util.ResolveAuthDir(h.cfg.AuthDir)
+		if err != nil {
+			log.Errorf("OAuth Web: failed to resolve auth directory: %v", err)
+		}
+	}
+
+	// Fall back to default location
+	if authDir == "" {
+		home, err := os.UserHomeDir()
+		if err != nil {
+			log.Errorf("OAuth Web: failed to get home directory: %v", err)
+			return
+		}
+		authDir = filepath.Join(home, ".cli-proxy-api")
+	}
+
+	// Create directory if not exists
+	if err := os.MkdirAll(authDir, 0700); err != nil {
+		log.Errorf("OAuth Web: failed to create auth directory: %v", err)
+		return
+	}
+
+	// Generate filename using the unified function
+	fileName := GenerateTokenFileName(tokenData)
+
+	authFilePath := filepath.Join(authDir, fileName)
+	
+	// Convert to storage format and save
+	storage := &KiroTokenStorage{
+		Type:         "kiro",
+		AccessToken:  tokenData.AccessToken,
+		RefreshToken: tokenData.RefreshToken,
+		ProfileArn:   tokenData.ProfileArn,
+		ExpiresAt:    tokenData.ExpiresAt,
+		AuthMethod:   tokenData.AuthMethod,
+		Provider:     tokenData.Provider,
+		LastRefresh:  time.Now().Format(time.RFC3339),
+		ClientID:     tokenData.ClientID,
+		ClientSecret: tokenData.ClientSecret,
+		Region:       tokenData.Region,
+		StartURL:     tokenData.StartURL,
+		Email:        tokenData.Email,
+	}
+	
+	if err := storage.SaveTokenToFile(authFilePath); err != nil {
+		log.Errorf("OAuth Web: failed to save token to file: %v", err)
+		return
+	}
+	
+	log.Infof("OAuth Web: token saved to %s", authFilePath)
+}
+
+func (h *OAuthWebHandler) ssoClient(session *webAuthSession) *SSOOIDCClient {
+	return session.ssoClient
+}
+
+func (h *OAuthWebHandler) handleCallback(c *gin.Context) {
+	stateID := c.Query("state")
+	errParam := c.Query("error")
+
+	if errParam != "" {
+		h.renderError(c, errParam)
+		return
+	}
+
+	if stateID == "" {
+		h.renderError(c, "Missing state parameter")
+		return
+	}
+
+	h.mu.RLock()
+	session, exists := h.sessions[stateID]
+	h.mu.RUnlock()
+
+	if !exists {
+		h.renderError(c, "Invalid or expired session")
+		return
+	}
+
+	if session.status == statusSuccess {
+		h.renderSuccess(c, session)
+	} else if session.status == statusFailed {
+		h.renderError(c, session.error)
+	} else {
+		c.Redirect(http.StatusFound, "/v0/oauth/kiro/start")
+	}
+}
+
+func (h *OAuthWebHandler) handleSocialCallback(c *gin.Context) {
+	stateID := c.Query("state")
+	code := c.Query("code")
+	errParam := c.Query("error")
+
+	if errParam != "" {
+		h.renderError(c, errParam)
+		return
+	}
+
+	if stateID == "" {
+		h.renderError(c, "Missing state parameter")
+		return
+	}
+
+	if code == "" {
+		h.renderError(c, "Missing authorization code")
+		return
+	}
+
+	h.mu.RLock()
+	session, exists := h.sessions[stateID]
+	h.mu.RUnlock()
+
+	if !exists {
+		h.renderError(c, "Invalid or expired session")
+		return
+	}
+
+	if session.authMethod != "google" && session.authMethod != "github" {
+		h.renderError(c, "Invalid session type for social callback")
+		return
+	}
+
+	socialClient := NewSocialAuthClient(h.cfg)
+	redirectURI := h.getSocialCallbackURL(c)
+
+	tokenReq := &CreateTokenRequest{
+		Code:         code,
+		CodeVerifier: session.codeVerifier,
+		RedirectURI:  redirectURI,
+	}
+
+	tokenResp, err := socialClient.CreateToken(c.Request.Context(), tokenReq)
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Errorf("OAuth Web: social token exchange failed: %v", err)
+		h.mu.Lock()
+		session.status = statusFailed
+		session.error = fmt.Sprintf("Token exchange failed: %v", err)
+		session.completedAt = time.Now()
+		h.mu.Unlock()
+		h.renderError(c, session.error)
+		return
+	}
+
+	expiresIn := tokenResp.ExpiresIn
+	if expiresIn <= 0 {
+		expiresIn = 3600
+	}
+	expiresAt := time.Now().Add(time.Duration(expiresIn) * time.Second)
+
+	email := ExtractEmailFromJWT(tokenResp.AccessToken)
+
+	var provider string
+	if session.authMethod == "google" {
+		provider = string(ProviderGoogle)
+	} else {
+		provider = string(ProviderGitHub)
+	}
+
+	tokenData := &KiroTokenData{
+		AccessToken:  tokenResp.AccessToken,
+		RefreshToken: tokenResp.RefreshToken,
+		ProfileArn:   tokenResp.ProfileArn,
+		ExpiresAt:    expiresAt.Format(time.RFC3339),
+		AuthMethod:   session.authMethod,
+		Provider:     provider,
+		Email:        email,
+		Region:       "us-east-1",
+	}
+
+	h.mu.Lock()
+	session.status = statusSuccess
+	session.completedAt = time.Now()
+	session.expiresAt = expiresAt
+	session.tokenData = tokenData
+	h.mu.Unlock()
+
+	if session.cancelFunc != nil {
+		session.cancelFunc()
+	}
+
+	if h.onTokenObtained != nil {
+		h.onTokenObtained(tokenData)
+	}
+
+	// Save token to file
+	h.saveTokenToFile(tokenData)
+
+	log.Infof("OAuth Web: social authentication successful for %s via %s", email, provider)
+	h.renderSuccess(c, session)
+}
+
+func (h *OAuthWebHandler) handleStatus(c *gin.Context) {
+	stateID := c.Query("state")
+	if stateID == "" {
+		c.JSON(http.StatusBadRequest, gin.H{"error": "missing state parameter"})
+		return
+	}
+
+	h.mu.RLock()
+	session, exists := h.sessions[stateID]
+	h.mu.RUnlock()
+
+	if !exists {
+		c.JSON(http.StatusNotFound, gin.H{"error": "session not found"})
+		return
+	}
+
+	response := gin.H{
+		"status": string(session.status),
+	}
+
+	switch session.status {
+	case statusPending:
+		elapsed := time.Since(session.startedAt).Seconds()
+		remaining := float64(session.expiresIn) - elapsed
+		if remaining < 0 {
+			remaining = 0
+		}
+		response["remaining_seconds"] = int(remaining)
+	case statusSuccess:
+		response["completed_at"] = session.completedAt.Format(time.RFC3339)
+		response["expires_at"] = session.expiresAt.Format(time.RFC3339)
+	case statusFailed:
+		response["error"] = session.error
+		response["failed_at"] = session.completedAt.Format(time.RFC3339)
+	}
+
+	c.JSON(http.StatusOK, response)
+}
+
+func (h *OAuthWebHandler) renderStartPage(c *gin.Context, session *webAuthSession) {
+	tmpl, err := template.New("start").Parse(oauthWebStartPageHTML)
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Errorf("OAuth Web: failed to parse template: %v", err)
+		c.String(http.StatusInternalServerError, "Template error")
+		return
+	}
+
+	data := map[string]interface{}{
+		"AuthURL":   session.authURL,
+		"UserCode":  session.userCode,
+		"ExpiresIn": session.expiresIn,
+		"StateID":   session.stateID,
+	}
+
+	c.Header("Content-Type", "text/html; charset=utf-8")
+	if err := tmpl.Execute(c.Writer, data); err != nil {
+		log.Errorf("OAuth Web: failed to render template: %v", err)
+	}
+}
+
+func (h *OAuthWebHandler) renderSelectPage(c *gin.Context) {
+	tmpl, err := template.New("select").Parse(oauthWebSelectPageHTML)
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Errorf("OAuth Web: failed to parse select template: %v", err)
+		c.String(http.StatusInternalServerError, "Template error")
+		return
+	}
+
+	c.Header("Content-Type", "text/html; charset=utf-8")
+	if err := tmpl.Execute(c.Writer, nil); err != nil {
+		log.Errorf("OAuth Web: failed to render select template: %v", err)
+	}
+}
+
+func (h *OAuthWebHandler) renderError(c *gin.Context, errMsg string) {
+	tmpl, err := template.New("error").Parse(oauthWebErrorPageHTML)
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Errorf("OAuth Web: failed to parse error template: %v", err)
+		c.String(http.StatusInternalServerError, "Template error")
+		return
+	}
+
+	data := map[string]interface{}{
+		"Error": errMsg,
+	}
+
+	c.Header("Content-Type", "text/html; charset=utf-8")
+	c.Status(http.StatusBadRequest)
+	if err := tmpl.Execute(c.Writer, data); err != nil {
+		log.Errorf("OAuth Web: failed to render error template: %v", err)
+	}
+}
+
+func (h *OAuthWebHandler) renderSuccess(c *gin.Context, session *webAuthSession) {
+	tmpl, err := template.New("success").Parse(oauthWebSuccessPageHTML)
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Errorf("OAuth Web: failed to parse success template: %v", err)
+		c.String(http.StatusInternalServerError, "Template error")
+		return
+	}
+
+	data := map[string]interface{}{
+		"ExpiresAt": session.expiresAt.Format(time.RFC3339),
+	}
+
+	c.Header("Content-Type", "text/html; charset=utf-8")
+	if err := tmpl.Execute(c.Writer, data); err != nil {
+		log.Errorf("OAuth Web: failed to render success template: %v", err)
+	}
+}
+
+func (h *OAuthWebHandler) CleanupExpiredSessions() {
+	h.mu.Lock()
+	defer h.mu.Unlock()
+
+	now := time.Now()
+	for id, session := range h.sessions {
+		if session.status != statusPending && now.Sub(session.completedAt) > 30*time.Minute {
+			delete(h.sessions, id)
+		} else if session.status == statusPending && now.Sub(session.startedAt) > defaultSessionExpiry {
+			session.cancelFunc()
+			delete(h.sessions, id)
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+func (h *OAuthWebHandler) GetSession(stateID string) (*webAuthSession, bool) {
+	h.mu.RLock()
+	defer h.mu.RUnlock()
+	session, exists := h.sessions[stateID]
+	return session, exists
+}
+
+// ImportTokenRequest represents the request body for token import
+type ImportTokenRequest struct {
+	RefreshToken string `json:"refreshToken"`
+}
+
+// handleImportToken handles manual refresh token import from Kiro IDE
+func (h *OAuthWebHandler) handleImportToken(c *gin.Context) {
+	var req ImportTokenRequest
+	if err := c.ShouldBindJSON(&req); err != nil {
+		c.JSON(http.StatusBadRequest, gin.H{
+			"success": false,
+			"error":   "Invalid request body",
+		})
+		return
+	}
+
+	refreshToken := strings.TrimSpace(req.RefreshToken)
+	if refreshToken == "" {
+		c.JSON(http.StatusBadRequest, gin.H{
+			"success": false,
+			"error":   "Refresh token is required",
+		})
+		return
+	}
+
+	// Validate token format
+	if !strings.HasPrefix(refreshToken, "aorAAAAAG") {
+		c.JSON(http.StatusBadRequest, gin.H{
+			"success": false,
+			"error":   "Invalid token format. Token should start with aorAAAAAG...",
+		})
+		return
+	}
+
+	// Create social auth client to refresh and validate the token
+	socialClient := NewSocialAuthClient(h.cfg)
+
+	// Refresh the token to validate it and get access token
+	tokenData, err := socialClient.RefreshSocialToken(c.Request.Context(), refreshToken)
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Errorf("OAuth Web: token refresh failed during import: %v", err)
+		c.JSON(http.StatusBadRequest, gin.H{
+			"success": false,
+			"error":   fmt.Sprintf("Token validation failed: %v", err),
+		})
+		return
+	}
+
+	// Set the original refresh token (the refreshed one might be empty)
+	if tokenData.RefreshToken == "" {
+		tokenData.RefreshToken = refreshToken
+	}
+	tokenData.AuthMethod = "social"
+	tokenData.Provider = "imported"
+
+	// Notify callback if set
+	if h.onTokenObtained != nil {
+		h.onTokenObtained(tokenData)
+	}
+
+	// Save token to file
+	h.saveTokenToFile(tokenData)
+
+	// Generate filename for response using the unified function
+	fileName := GenerateTokenFileName(tokenData)
+
+	log.Infof("OAuth Web: token imported successfully")
+	c.JSON(http.StatusOK, gin.H{
+		"success":  true,
+		"message":  "Token imported successfully",
+		"fileName": fileName,
+	})
+}
+
+// handleManualRefresh handles manual token refresh requests from the web UI.
+// This allows users to trigger a token refresh when needed, without waiting
+// for the automatic 30-second check and 20-minute-before-expiry refresh cycle.
+// Uses the same refresh logic as kiro_executor.Refresh for consistency.
+func (h *OAuthWebHandler) handleManualRefresh(c *gin.Context) {
+	authDir := ""
+	if h.cfg != nil && h.cfg.AuthDir != "" {
+		var err error
+		authDir, err = util.ResolveAuthDir(h.cfg.AuthDir)
+		if err != nil {
+			log.Errorf("OAuth Web: failed to resolve auth directory: %v", err)
+		}
+	}
+
+	if authDir == "" {
+		home, err := os.UserHomeDir()
+		if err != nil {
+			c.JSON(http.StatusInternalServerError, gin.H{
+				"success": false,
+				"error":   "Failed to get home directory",
+			})
+			return
+		}
+		authDir = filepath.Join(home, ".cli-proxy-api")
+	}
+
+	// Find all kiro token files in the auth directory
+	files, err := os.ReadDir(authDir)
+	if err != nil {
+		c.JSON(http.StatusInternalServerError, gin.H{
+			"success": false,
+			"error":   fmt.Sprintf("Failed to read auth directory: %v", err),
+		})
+		return
+	}
+
+	var refreshedCount int
+	var errors []string
+
+	for _, file := range files {
+		if file.IsDir() {
+			continue
+		}
+		name := file.Name()
+		if !strings.HasPrefix(name, "kiro-") || !strings.HasSuffix(name, ".json") {
+			continue
+		}
+
+		filePath := filepath.Join(authDir, name)
+		data, err := os.ReadFile(filePath)
+		if err != nil {
+			errors = append(errors, fmt.Sprintf("%s: read error - %v", name, err))
+			continue
+		}
+
+		var storage KiroTokenStorage
+		if err := json.Unmarshal(data, &storage); err != nil {
+			errors = append(errors, fmt.Sprintf("%s: parse error - %v", name, err))
+			continue
+		}
+
+		if storage.RefreshToken == "" {
+			errors = append(errors, fmt.Sprintf("%s: no refresh token", name))
+			continue
+		}
+
+		// Refresh token using the same logic as kiro_executor.Refresh
+		tokenData, err := h.refreshTokenData(c.Request.Context(), &storage)
+		if err != nil {
+			errors = append(errors, fmt.Sprintf("%s: refresh failed - %v", name, err))
+			continue
+		}
+
+		// Update storage with new token data
+		storage.AccessToken = tokenData.AccessToken
+		if tokenData.RefreshToken != "" {
+			storage.RefreshToken = tokenData.RefreshToken
+		}
+		storage.ExpiresAt = tokenData.ExpiresAt
+		storage.LastRefresh = time.Now().Format(time.RFC3339)
+		if tokenData.ProfileArn != "" {
+			storage.ProfileArn = tokenData.ProfileArn
+		}
+
+		// Write updated token back to file
+		updatedData, err := json.MarshalIndent(storage, "", "  ")
+		if err != nil {
+			errors = append(errors, fmt.Sprintf("%s: marshal error - %v", name, err))
+			continue
+		}
+
+		tmpFile := filePath + ".tmp"
+		if err := os.WriteFile(tmpFile, updatedData, 0600); err != nil {
+			errors = append(errors, fmt.Sprintf("%s: write error - %v", name, err))
+			continue
+		}
+		if err := os.Rename(tmpFile, filePath); err != nil {
+			errors = append(errors, fmt.Sprintf("%s: rename error - %v", name, err))
+			continue
+		}
+
+		log.Infof("OAuth Web: manually refreshed token in %s, expires at %s", name, tokenData.ExpiresAt)
+		refreshedCount++
+
+		// Notify callback if set
+		if h.onTokenObtained != nil {
+			h.onTokenObtained(tokenData)
+		}
+	}
+
+	if refreshedCount == 0 && len(errors) > 0 {
+		c.JSON(http.StatusBadRequest, gin.H{
+			"success": false,
+			"error":   fmt.Sprintf("All refresh attempts failed: %v", errors),
+		})
+		return
+	}
+
+	response := gin.H{
+		"success":        true,
+		"message":        fmt.Sprintf("Refreshed %d token(s)", refreshedCount),
+		"refreshedCount": refreshedCount,
+	}
+	if len(errors) > 0 {
+		response["warnings"] = errors
+	}
+
+	c.JSON(http.StatusOK, response)
+}
+
+// refreshTokenData refreshes a token using the appropriate method based on auth type.
+// This mirrors the logic in kiro_executor.Refresh for consistency.
+func (h *OAuthWebHandler) refreshTokenData(ctx context.Context, storage *KiroTokenStorage) (*KiroTokenData, error) {
+	ssoClient := NewSSOOIDCClient(h.cfg)
+
+	switch {
+	case storage.ClientID != "" && storage.ClientSecret != "" && storage.AuthMethod == "idc" && storage.Region != "":
+		// IDC refresh with region-specific endpoint
+		log.Debugf("OAuth Web: using SSO OIDC refresh for IDC (region=%s)", storage.Region)
+		return ssoClient.RefreshTokenWithRegion(ctx, storage.ClientID, storage.ClientSecret, storage.RefreshToken, storage.Region, storage.StartURL)
+
+	case storage.ClientID != "" && storage.ClientSecret != "" && storage.AuthMethod == "builder-id":
+		// Builder ID refresh with default endpoint
+		log.Debugf("OAuth Web: using SSO OIDC refresh for AWS Builder ID")
+		return ssoClient.RefreshToken(ctx, storage.ClientID, storage.ClientSecret, storage.RefreshToken)
+
+	default:
+		// Fallback to Kiro's OAuth refresh endpoint (for social auth: Google/GitHub)
+		log.Debugf("OAuth Web: using Kiro OAuth refresh endpoint")
+		oauth := NewKiroOAuth(h.cfg)
+		return oauth.RefreshToken(ctx, storage.RefreshToken)
+	}
+}

internal/auth/kiro/oauth_web_templates.go

@@ -0,0 +1,779 @@
+// Package kiro provides OAuth Web authentication templates.
+package kiro
+
+const (
+	oauthWebStartPageHTML = `<!DOCTYPE html>
+<html>
+<head>
+    <meta charset="UTF-8">
+    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
+    <title>AWS SSO Authentication</title>
+    <style>
+        * { box-sizing: border-box; }
+        body {
+            font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Roboto, sans-serif;
+            margin: 0;
+            padding: 20px;
+            background: linear-gradient(135deg, #667eea 0%, #764ba2 100%);
+            min-height: 100vh;
+            display: flex;
+            justify-content: center;
+            align-items: center;
+        }
+        .container {
+            max-width: 500px;
+            width: 100%;
+            background: #fff;
+            padding: 40px;
+            border-radius: 12px;
+            box-shadow: 0 10px 40px rgba(0,0,0,0.2);
+        }
+        h1 {
+            margin: 0 0 10px;
+            color: #333;
+            font-size: 24px;
+            text-align: center;
+        }
+        .subtitle {
+            text-align: center;
+            color: #666;
+            margin-bottom: 30px;
+        }
+        .step {
+            background: #f8f9fa;
+            padding: 20px;
+            border-radius: 8px;
+            margin-bottom: 15px;
+        }
+        .step-title {
+            display: flex;
+            align-items: center;
+            font-weight: 600;
+            color: #333;
+            margin-bottom: 10px;
+        }
+        .step-number {
+            width: 28px;
+            height: 28px;
+            background: #667eea;
+            color: white;
+            border-radius: 50%;
+            display: flex;
+            align-items: center;
+            justify-content: center;
+            font-size: 14px;
+            margin-right: 12px;
+        }
+        .user-code {
+            background: #e7f3ff;
+            border: 2px dashed #2196F3;
+            border-radius: 8px;
+            padding: 20px;
+            text-align: center;
+            margin-top: 10px;
+        }
+        .user-code-label {
+            font-size: 12px;
+            color: #666;
+            text-transform: uppercase;
+            letter-spacing: 1px;
+            margin-bottom: 8px;
+        }
+        .user-code-value {
+            font-size: 32px;
+            font-weight: bold;
+            font-family: monospace;
+            color: #2196F3;
+            letter-spacing: 4px;
+        }
+        .auth-btn {
+            display: block;
+            width: 100%;
+            padding: 15px;
+            background: #667eea;
+            color: white;
+            text-align: center;
+            text-decoration: none;
+            border-radius: 8px;
+            font-weight: 600;
+            font-size: 16px;
+            transition: all 0.3s;
+            border: none;
+            cursor: pointer;
+            margin-top: 20px;
+        }
+        .auth-btn:hover {
+            background: #5568d3;
+            transform: translateY(-2px);
+            box-shadow: 0 4px 12px rgba(102, 126, 234, 0.4);
+        }
+        .status {
+            margin-top: 30px;
+            padding: 20px;
+            background: #f8f9fa;
+            border-radius: 8px;
+            text-align: center;
+        }
+        .status-pending { border-left: 4px solid #ffc107; }
+        .status-success { border-left: 4px solid #28a745; }
+        .status-failed { border-left: 4px solid #dc3545; }
+        .spinner {
+            border: 3px solid #f3f3f3;
+            border-top: 3px solid #667eea;
+            border-radius: 50%;
+            width: 40px;
+            height: 40px;
+            animation: spin 1s linear infinite;
+            margin: 0 auto 15px;
+        }
+        @keyframes spin {
+            0% { transform: rotate(0deg); }
+            100% { transform: rotate(360deg); }
+        }
+        .timer {
+            font-size: 24px;
+            font-weight: bold;
+            color: #667eea;
+            margin: 10px 0;
+        }
+        .timer.warning { color: #ffc107; }
+        .timer.danger { color: #dc3545; }
+        .status-message { color: #666; line-height: 1.6; }
+        .success-icon, .error-icon { font-size: 48px; margin-bottom: 15px; }
+        .info-box {
+            background: #e7f3ff;
+            border-left: 4px solid #2196F3;
+            padding: 15px;
+            margin-top: 20px;
+            border-radius: 4px;
+            font-size: 14px;
+            color: #666;
+        }
+    </style>
+</head>
+<body>
+    <div class="container">
+        <h1>🔐 AWS SSO Authentication</h1>
+        <p class="subtitle">Follow the steps below to complete authentication</p>
+        
+        <div class="step">
+            <div class="step-title">
+                <span class="step-number">1</span>
+                Click the button below to open the authorization page
+            </div>
+            <a href="{{.AuthURL}}" target="_blank" class="auth-btn" id="authBtn">
+                🚀 Open Authorization Page
+            </a>
+        </div>
+        
+        <div class="step">
+            <div class="step-title">
+                <span class="step-number">2</span>
+                Enter the verification code below
+            </div>
+            <div class="user-code">
+                <div class="user-code-label">Verification Code</div>
+                <div class="user-code-value">{{.UserCode}}</div>
+            </div>
+        </div>
+        
+        <div class="step">
+            <div class="step-title">
+                <span class="step-number">3</span>
+                Complete AWS SSO login
+            </div>
+            <p style="color: #666; font-size: 14px; margin-top: 10px;">
+                Use your AWS SSO account to login and authorize
+            </p>
+        </div>
+        
+        <div class="status status-pending" id="statusBox">
+            <div class="spinner" id="spinner"></div>
+            <div class="timer" id="timer">{{.ExpiresIn}}s</div>
+            <div class="status-message" id="statusMessage">
+                Waiting for authorization...
+            </div>
+        </div>
+        
+        <div class="info-box">
+            💡 <strong>Tip:</strong> The authorization page will open in a new tab. This page will automatically update once authorization is complete.
+        </div>
+    </div>
+    
+    <script>
+        let pollInterval;
+        let timerInterval;
+        let remainingSeconds = {{.ExpiresIn}};
+        const stateID = "{{.StateID}}";
+        
+        setTimeout(() => {
+            document.getElementById('authBtn').click();
+        }, 500);
+        
+        function pollStatus() {
+            fetch('/v0/oauth/kiro/status?state=' + stateID)
+                .then(response => response.json())
+                .then(data => {
+                    console.log('Status:', data);
+                    if (data.status === 'success') {
+                        clearInterval(pollInterval);
+                        clearInterval(timerInterval);
+                        showSuccess(data);
+                    } else if (data.status === 'failed') {
+                        clearInterval(pollInterval);
+                        clearInterval(timerInterval);
+                        showError(data);
+                    } else {
+                        remainingSeconds = data.remaining_seconds || 0;
+                    }
+                })
+                .catch(error => {
+                    console.error('Poll error:', error);
+                });
+        }
+        
+        function updateTimer() {
+            const timerEl = document.getElementById('timer');
+            const minutes = Math.floor(remainingSeconds / 60);
+            const seconds = remainingSeconds % 60;
+            timerEl.textContent = minutes + ':' + seconds.toString().padStart(2, '0');
+            
+            if (remainingSeconds < 60) {
+                timerEl.className = 'timer danger';
+            } else if (remainingSeconds < 180) {
+                timerEl.className = 'timer warning';
+            } else {
+                timerEl.className = 'timer';
+            }
+            
+            remainingSeconds--;
+            
+            if (remainingSeconds < 0) {
+                clearInterval(timerInterval);
+                clearInterval(pollInterval);
+                showError({ error: 'Authentication timed out. Please refresh and try again.' });
+            }
+        }
+        
+        function showSuccess(data) {
+            const statusBox = document.getElementById('statusBox');
+            statusBox.className = 'status status-success';
+            statusBox.innerHTML = '<div class="success-icon">✅</div>' +
+                '<div class="status-message">' +
+                '<strong>Authentication Successful!</strong><br>' +
+                'Token expires: ' + new Date(data.expires_at).toLocaleString() +
+                '</div>';
+        }
+        
+        function showError(data) {
+            const statusBox = document.getElementById('statusBox');
+            statusBox.className = 'status status-failed';
+            statusBox.innerHTML = '<div class="error-icon">❌</div>' +
+                '<div class="status-message">' +
+                '<strong>Authentication Failed</strong><br>' +
+                (data.error || 'Unknown error') +
+                '</div>' +
+                '<button class="auth-btn" onclick="location.reload()" style="margin-top: 15px;">' +
+                '🔄 Retry' +
+                '</button>';
+        }
+        
+        pollInterval = setInterval(pollStatus, 3000);
+        timerInterval = setInterval(updateTimer, 1000);
+        pollStatus();
+    </script>
+</body>
+</html>`
+
+	oauthWebErrorPageHTML = `<!DOCTYPE html>
+<html>
+<head>
+    <meta charset="UTF-8">
+    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
+    <title>Authentication Failed</title>
+    <style>
+        body {
+            font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Roboto, sans-serif;
+            max-width: 600px;
+            margin: 50px auto;
+            padding: 20px;
+            background: #f5f5f5;
+        }
+        .error {
+            background: #fff;
+            padding: 30px;
+            border-radius: 8px;
+            box-shadow: 0 2px 4px rgba(0,0,0,0.1);
+            border-left: 4px solid #dc3545;
+        }
+        h1 { color: #dc3545; margin-top: 0; }
+        .error-message { color: #666; line-height: 1.6; }
+        .retry-btn {
+            display: inline-block;
+            margin-top: 20px;
+            padding: 10px 20px;
+            background: #007bff;
+            color: white;
+            text-decoration: none;
+            border-radius: 4px;
+        }
+        .retry-btn:hover { background: #0056b3; }
+    </style>
+</head>
+<body>
+    <div class="error">
+        <h1>❌ Authentication Failed</h1>
+        <div class="error-message">
+            <p><strong>Error:</strong></p>
+            <p>{{.Error}}</p>
+        </div>
+        <a href="/v0/oauth/kiro/start" class="retry-btn">🔄 Retry</a>
+    </div>
+</body>
+</html>`
+
+	oauthWebSuccessPageHTML = `<!DOCTYPE html>
+<html>
+<head>
+    <meta charset="UTF-8">
+    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
+    <title>Authentication Successful</title>
+    <style>
+        body {
+            font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Roboto, sans-serif;
+            max-width: 600px;
+            margin: 50px auto;
+            padding: 20px;
+            background: #f5f5f5;
+        }
+        .success {
+            background: #fff;
+            padding: 30px;
+            border-radius: 8px;
+            box-shadow: 0 2px 4px rgba(0,0,0,0.1);
+            border-left: 4px solid #28a745;
+            text-align: center;
+        }
+        h1 { color: #28a745; margin-top: 0; }
+        .success-message { color: #666; line-height: 1.6; }
+        .icon { font-size: 48px; margin-bottom: 15px; }
+        .expires { font-size: 14px; color: #999; margin-top: 15px; }
+    </style>
+</head>
+<body>
+    <div class="success">
+        <div class="icon">✅</div>
+        <h1>Authentication Successful!</h1>
+        <div class="success-message">
+            <p>You can close this window.</p>
+        </div>
+        <div class="expires">Token expires: {{.ExpiresAt}}</div>
+    </div>
+</body>
+</html>`
+
+	oauthWebSelectPageHTML = `<!DOCTYPE html>
+<html>
+<head>
+    <meta charset="UTF-8">
+    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
+    <title>Select Authentication Method</title>
+    <style>
+        * { box-sizing: border-box; }
+        body {
+            font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Roboto, sans-serif;
+            margin: 0;
+            padding: 20px;
+            background: linear-gradient(135deg, #667eea 0%, #764ba2 100%);
+            min-height: 100vh;
+            display: flex;
+            justify-content: center;
+            align-items: center;
+        }
+        .container {
+            max-width: 500px;
+            width: 100%;
+            background: #fff;
+            padding: 40px;
+            border-radius: 12px;
+            box-shadow: 0 10px 40px rgba(0,0,0,0.2);
+        }
+        h1 {
+            margin: 0 0 10px;
+            color: #333;
+            font-size: 24px;
+            text-align: center;
+        }
+        .subtitle {
+            text-align: center;
+            color: #666;
+            margin-bottom: 30px;
+        }
+        .auth-methods {
+            display: flex;
+            flex-direction: column;
+            gap: 15px;
+        }
+        .auth-btn {
+            display: flex;
+            align-items: center;
+            width: 100%;
+            padding: 15px 20px;
+            background: #667eea;
+            color: white;
+            text-decoration: none;
+            border-radius: 8px;
+            font-weight: 600;
+            font-size: 16px;
+            transition: all 0.3s;
+            border: none;
+            cursor: pointer;
+        }
+        .auth-btn:hover {
+            background: #5568d3;
+            transform: translateY(-2px);
+            box-shadow: 0 4px 12px rgba(102, 126, 234, 0.4);
+        }
+        .auth-btn .icon {
+            font-size: 24px;
+            margin-right: 15px;
+            width: 32px;
+            text-align: center;
+        }
+        .auth-btn.google { background: #4285F4; }
+        .auth-btn.google:hover { background: #3367D6; }
+        .auth-btn.github { background: #24292e; }
+        .auth-btn.github:hover { background: #1a1e22; }
+        .auth-btn.aws { background: #FF9900; }
+        .auth-btn.aws:hover { background: #E68A00; }
+        .auth-btn.idc { background: #232F3E; }
+        .auth-btn.idc:hover { background: #1a242f; }
+        .idc-form {
+            background: #f8f9fa;
+            padding: 20px;
+            border-radius: 8px;
+            margin-top: 15px;
+            display: none;
+        }
+        .idc-form.show {
+            display: block;
+        }
+        .form-group {
+            margin-bottom: 15px;
+        }
+        .form-group label {
+            display: block;
+            font-weight: 600;
+            color: #333;
+            margin-bottom: 8px;
+            font-size: 14px;
+        }
+        .form-group input {
+            width: 100%;
+            padding: 12px;
+            border: 2px solid #e0e0e0;
+            border-radius: 6px;
+            font-size: 14px;
+            transition: border-color 0.3s;
+        }
+        .form-group input:focus {
+            outline: none;
+            border-color: #667eea;
+        }
+        .form-group .hint {
+            font-size: 12px;
+            color: #999;
+            margin-top: 5px;
+        }
+        .submit-btn {
+            display: block;
+            width: 100%;
+            padding: 15px;
+            background: #232F3E;
+            color: white;
+            text-align: center;
+            text-decoration: none;
+            border-radius: 8px;
+            font-weight: 600;
+            font-size: 16px;
+            transition: all 0.3s;
+            border: none;
+            cursor: pointer;
+        }
+        .submit-btn:hover {
+            background: #1a242f;
+            transform: translateY(-2px);
+            box-shadow: 0 4px 12px rgba(35, 47, 62, 0.4);
+        }
+        .divider {
+            display: flex;
+            align-items: center;
+            margin: 20px 0;
+        }
+        .divider::before,
+        .divider::after {
+            content: "";
+            flex: 1;
+            border-bottom: 1px solid #e0e0e0;
+        }
+        .divider span {
+            padding: 0 15px;
+            color: #999;
+            font-size: 14px;
+        }
+        .info-box {
+            background: #e7f3ff;
+            border-left: 4px solid #2196F3;
+            padding: 15px;
+            margin-top: 20px;
+            border-radius: 4px;
+            font-size: 14px;
+            color: #666;
+        }
+        .warning-box {
+            background: #fff3cd;
+            border-left: 4px solid #ffc107;
+            padding: 15px;
+            margin-top: 20px;
+            border-radius: 4px;
+            font-size: 14px;
+            color: #856404;
+        }
+        .auth-btn.manual { background: #6c757d; }
+        .auth-btn.manual:hover { background: #5a6268; }
+        .auth-btn.refresh { background: #17a2b8; }
+        .auth-btn.refresh:hover { background: #138496; }
+        .auth-btn.refresh:disabled { background: #7fb3bd; cursor: not-allowed; }
+        .manual-form {
+            background: #f8f9fa;
+            padding: 20px;
+            border-radius: 8px;
+            margin-top: 15px;
+            display: none;
+        }
+        .manual-form.show {
+            display: block;
+        }
+        .form-group textarea {
+            width: 100%;
+            padding: 12px;
+            border: 2px solid #e0e0e0;
+            border-radius: 6px;
+            font-size: 14px;
+            font-family: monospace;
+            transition: border-color 0.3s;
+            resize: vertical;
+            min-height: 80px;
+        }
+        .form-group textarea:focus {
+            outline: none;
+            border-color: #667eea;
+        }
+        .status-message {
+            padding: 15px;
+            border-radius: 6px;
+            margin-top: 15px;
+            display: none;
+        }
+        .status-message.success {
+            background: #d4edda;
+            color: #155724;
+            display: block;
+        }
+        .status-message.error {
+            background: #f8d7da;
+            color: #721c24;
+            display: block;
+        }
+    </style>
+</head>
+<body>
+    <div class="container">
+        <h1>🔐 Select Authentication Method</h1>
+        <p class="subtitle">Choose how you want to authenticate with Kiro</p>
+        
+        <div class="auth-methods">
+            <a href="/v0/oauth/kiro/start?method=builder-id" class="auth-btn aws">
+                <span class="icon">🔶</span>
+                AWS Builder ID (Recommended)
+            </a>
+            
+            <button type="button" class="auth-btn idc" onclick="toggleIdcForm()">
+                <span class="icon">🏢</span>
+                AWS Identity Center (IDC)
+            </button>
+            
+            <div class="divider"><span>or</span></div>
+            
+            <button type="button" class="auth-btn manual" onclick="toggleManualForm()">
+                <span class="icon">📋</span>
+                Import RefreshToken from Kiro IDE
+            </button>
+            
+            <button type="button" class="auth-btn refresh" onclick="manualRefresh()" id="refreshBtn">
+                <span class="icon">🔄</span>
+                Manual Refresh All Tokens
+            </button>
+            
+            <div class="status-message" id="refreshStatus"></div>
+        </div>
+        
+        <div class="idc-form" id="idcForm">
+            <form action="/v0/oauth/kiro/start" method="get">
+                <input type="hidden" name="method" value="idc">
+                
+                <div class="form-group">
+                    <label for="startUrl">Start URL</label>
+                    <input type="url" id="startUrl" name="startUrl" placeholder="https://your-org.awsapps.com/start" required>
+                    <div class="hint">Your AWS Identity Center Start URL</div>
+                </div>
+                
+                <div class="form-group">
+                    <label for="region">Region</label>
+                    <input type="text" id="region" name="region" value="us-east-1" placeholder="us-east-1">
+                    <div class="hint">AWS Region for your Identity Center</div>
+                </div>
+                
+                <button type="submit" class="submit-btn">
+                    🚀 Continue with IDC
+                </button>
+            </form>
+        </div>
+        
+        <div class="manual-form" id="manualForm">
+            <form id="importForm" onsubmit="submitImport(event)">
+                <div class="form-group">
+                    <label for="refreshToken">Refresh Token</label>
+                    <textarea id="refreshToken" name="refreshToken" placeholder="Paste your refreshToken here (starts with aorAAAAAG...)" required></textarea>
+                    <div class="hint">Copy from Kiro IDE: ~/.kiro/kiro-auth-token.json → refreshToken field</div>
+                </div>
+                
+                <button type="submit" class="submit-btn" id="importBtn">
+                    📥 Import Token
+                </button>
+                
+                <div class="status-message" id="importStatus"></div>
+            </form>
+        </div>
+        
+        <div class="warning-box">
+            ⚠️ <strong>Note:</strong> Google and GitHub login are not available for third-party applications due to AWS Cognito restrictions. Please use AWS Builder ID or import your token from Kiro IDE.
+        </div>
+        
+        <div class="info-box">
+            💡 <strong>How to get RefreshToken:</strong><br>
+            1. Open Kiro IDE and login with Google/GitHub<br>
+            2. Find the token file: <code>~/.kiro/kiro-auth-token.json</code><br>
+            3. Copy the <code>refreshToken</code> value and paste it above
+        </div>
+    </div>
+    
+    <script>
+        function toggleIdcForm() {
+            const idcForm = document.getElementById('idcForm');
+            const manualForm = document.getElementById('manualForm');
+            manualForm.classList.remove('show');
+            idcForm.classList.toggle('show');
+            if (idcForm.classList.contains('show')) {
+                document.getElementById('startUrl').focus();
+            }
+        }
+        
+        function toggleManualForm() {
+            const idcForm = document.getElementById('idcForm');
+            const manualForm = document.getElementById('manualForm');
+            idcForm.classList.remove('show');
+            manualForm.classList.toggle('show');
+            if (manualForm.classList.contains('show')) {
+                document.getElementById('refreshToken').focus();
+            }
+        }
+        
+        async function submitImport(event) {
+            event.preventDefault();
+            const refreshToken = document.getElementById('refreshToken').value.trim();
+            const statusEl = document.getElementById('importStatus');
+            const btn = document.getElementById('importBtn');
+            
+            if (!refreshToken) {
+                statusEl.className = 'status-message error';
+                statusEl.textContent = 'Please enter a refresh token';
+                return;
+            }
+            
+            if (!refreshToken.startsWith('aorAAAAAG')) {
+                statusEl.className = 'status-message error';
+                statusEl.textContent = 'Invalid token format. Token should start with aorAAAAAG...';
+                return;
+            }
+            
+            btn.disabled = true;
+            btn.textContent = '⏳ Importing...';
+            statusEl.className = 'status-message';
+            statusEl.style.display = 'none';
+            
+            try {
+                const response = await fetch('/v0/oauth/kiro/import', {
+                    method: 'POST',
+                    headers: { 'Content-Type': 'application/json' },
+                    body: JSON.stringify({ refreshToken: refreshToken })
+                });
+                
+                const data = await response.json();
+                
+                if (response.ok && data.success) {
+                    statusEl.className = 'status-message success';
+                    statusEl.textContent = '✅ Token imported successfully! File: ' + (data.fileName || 'kiro-token.json');
+                } else {
+                    statusEl.className = 'status-message error';
+                    statusEl.textContent = '❌ ' + (data.error || data.message || 'Import failed');
+                }
+            } catch (error) {
+                statusEl.className = 'status-message error';
+                statusEl.textContent = '❌ Network error: ' + error.message;
+            } finally {
+                btn.disabled = false;
+                btn.textContent = '📥 Import Token';
+            }
+        }
+        
+        async function manualRefresh() {
+            const btn = document.getElementById('refreshBtn');
+            const statusEl = document.getElementById('refreshStatus');
+            
+            btn.disabled = true;
+            btn.innerHTML = '<span class="icon">⏳</span> Refreshing...';
+            statusEl.className = 'status-message';
+            statusEl.style.display = 'none';
+            
+            try {
+                const response = await fetch('/v0/oauth/kiro/refresh', {
+                    method: 'POST',
+                    headers: { 'Content-Type': 'application/json' }
+                });
+                
+                const data = await response.json();
+                
+                if (response.ok && data.success) {
+                    statusEl.className = 'status-message success';
+                    let msg = '✅ ' + data.message;
+                    if (data.warnings && data.warnings.length > 0) {
+                        msg += ' (Warnings: ' + data.warnings.join('; ') + ')';
+                    }
+                    statusEl.textContent = msg;
+                } else {
+                    statusEl.className = 'status-message error';
+                    statusEl.textContent = '❌ ' + (data.error || data.message || 'Refresh failed');
+                }
+            } catch (error) {
+                statusEl.className = 'status-message error';
+                statusEl.textContent = '❌ Network error: ' + error.message;
+            } finally {
+                btn.disabled = false;
+                btn.innerHTML = '<span class="icon">🔄</span> Manual Refresh All Tokens';
+            }
+        }
+    </script>
+</body>
+</html>`
+)

internal/auth/kiro/rate_limiter.go

@@ -0,0 +1,316 @@
+package kiro
+
+import (
+	"math"
+	"math/rand"
+	"strings"
+	"sync"
+	"time"
+)
+
+const (
+	DefaultMinTokenInterval  = 1 * time.Second
+	DefaultMaxTokenInterval  = 2 * time.Second
+	DefaultDailyMaxRequests  = 500
+	DefaultJitterPercent     = 0.3
+	DefaultBackoffBase       = 30 * time.Second
+	DefaultBackoffMax        = 5 * time.Minute
+	DefaultBackoffMultiplier = 1.5
+	DefaultSuspendCooldown   = 1 * time.Hour
+)
+
+// TokenState Token 状态
+type TokenState struct {
+	LastRequest    time.Time
+	RequestCount   int
+	CooldownEnd    time.Time
+	FailCount      int
+	DailyRequests  int
+	DailyResetTime time.Time
+	IsSuspended    bool
+	SuspendedAt    time.Time
+	SuspendReason  string
+}
+
+// RateLimiter 频率限制器
+type RateLimiter struct {
+	mu                sync.RWMutex
+	states            map[string]*TokenState
+	minTokenInterval  time.Duration
+	maxTokenInterval  time.Duration
+	dailyMaxRequests  int
+	jitterPercent     float64
+	backoffBase       time.Duration
+	backoffMax        time.Duration
+	backoffMultiplier float64
+	suspendCooldown   time.Duration
+	rng               *rand.Rand
+}
+
+// NewRateLimiter 创建默认配置的频率限制器
+func NewRateLimiter() *RateLimiter {
+	return &RateLimiter{
+		states:            make(map[string]*TokenState),
+		minTokenInterval:  DefaultMinTokenInterval,
+		maxTokenInterval:  DefaultMaxTokenInterval,
+		dailyMaxRequests:  DefaultDailyMaxRequests,
+		jitterPercent:     DefaultJitterPercent,
+		backoffBase:       DefaultBackoffBase,
+		backoffMax:        DefaultBackoffMax,
+		backoffMultiplier: DefaultBackoffMultiplier,
+		suspendCooldown:   DefaultSuspendCooldown,
+		rng:               rand.New(rand.NewSource(time.Now().UnixNano())),
+	}
+}
+
+// RateLimiterConfig 频率限制器配置
+type RateLimiterConfig struct {
+	MinTokenInterval  time.Duration
+	MaxTokenInterval  time.Duration
+	DailyMaxRequests  int
+	JitterPercent     float64
+	BackoffBase       time.Duration
+	BackoffMax        time.Duration
+	BackoffMultiplier float64
+	SuspendCooldown   time.Duration
+}
+
+// NewRateLimiterWithConfig 使用自定义配置创建频率限制器
+func NewRateLimiterWithConfig(cfg RateLimiterConfig) *RateLimiter {
+	rl := NewRateLimiter()
+	if cfg.MinTokenInterval > 0 {
+		rl.minTokenInterval = cfg.MinTokenInterval
+	}
+	if cfg.MaxTokenInterval > 0 {
+		rl.maxTokenInterval = cfg.MaxTokenInterval
+	}
+	if cfg.DailyMaxRequests > 0 {
+		rl.dailyMaxRequests = cfg.DailyMaxRequests
+	}
+	if cfg.JitterPercent > 0 {
+		rl.jitterPercent = cfg.JitterPercent
+	}
+	if cfg.BackoffBase > 0 {
+		rl.backoffBase = cfg.BackoffBase
+	}
+	if cfg.BackoffMax > 0 {
+		rl.backoffMax = cfg.BackoffMax
+	}
+	if cfg.BackoffMultiplier > 0 {
+		rl.backoffMultiplier = cfg.BackoffMultiplier
+	}
+	if cfg.SuspendCooldown > 0 {
+		rl.suspendCooldown = cfg.SuspendCooldown
+	}
+	return rl
+}
+
+// getOrCreateState 获取或创建 Token 状态
+func (rl *RateLimiter) getOrCreateState(tokenKey string) *TokenState {
+	state, exists := rl.states[tokenKey]
+	if !exists {
+		state = &TokenState{
+			DailyResetTime: time.Now().Truncate(24 * time.Hour).Add(24 * time.Hour),
+		}
+		rl.states[tokenKey] = state
+	}
+	return state
+}
+
+// resetDailyIfNeeded 如果需要则重置每日计数
+func (rl *RateLimiter) resetDailyIfNeeded(state *TokenState) {
+	now := time.Now()
+	if now.After(state.DailyResetTime) {
+		state.DailyRequests = 0
+		state.DailyResetTime = now.Truncate(24 * time.Hour).Add(24 * time.Hour)
+	}
+}
+
+// calculateInterval 计算带抖动的随机间隔
+func (rl *RateLimiter) calculateInterval() time.Duration {
+	baseInterval := rl.minTokenInterval + time.Duration(rl.rng.Int63n(int64(rl.maxTokenInterval-rl.minTokenInterval)))
+	jitter := time.Duration(float64(baseInterval) * rl.jitterPercent * (rl.rng.Float64()*2 - 1))
+	return baseInterval + jitter
+}
+
+// WaitForToken 等待 Token 可用（带抖动的随机间隔）
+func (rl *RateLimiter) WaitForToken(tokenKey string) {
+	rl.mu.Lock()
+	state := rl.getOrCreateState(tokenKey)
+	rl.resetDailyIfNeeded(state)
+
+	now := time.Now()
+
+	// 检查是否在冷却期
+	if now.Before(state.CooldownEnd) {
+		waitTime := state.CooldownEnd.Sub(now)
+		rl.mu.Unlock()
+		time.Sleep(waitTime)
+		rl.mu.Lock()
+		state = rl.getOrCreateState(tokenKey)
+		now = time.Now()
+	}
+
+	// 计算距离上次请求的间隔
+	interval := rl.calculateInterval()
+	nextAllowedTime := state.LastRequest.Add(interval)
+
+	if now.Before(nextAllowedTime) {
+		waitTime := nextAllowedTime.Sub(now)
+		rl.mu.Unlock()
+		time.Sleep(waitTime)
+		rl.mu.Lock()
+		state = rl.getOrCreateState(tokenKey)
+	}
+
+	state.LastRequest = time.Now()
+	state.RequestCount++
+	state.DailyRequests++
+	rl.mu.Unlock()
+}
+
+// MarkTokenFailed 标记 Token 失败
+func (rl *RateLimiter) MarkTokenFailed(tokenKey string) {
+	rl.mu.Lock()
+	defer rl.mu.Unlock()
+
+	state := rl.getOrCreateState(tokenKey)
+	state.FailCount++
+	state.CooldownEnd = time.Now().Add(rl.calculateBackoff(state.FailCount))
+}
+
+// MarkTokenSuccess 标记 Token 成功
+func (rl *RateLimiter) MarkTokenSuccess(tokenKey string) {
+	rl.mu.Lock()
+	defer rl.mu.Unlock()
+
+	state := rl.getOrCreateState(tokenKey)
+	state.FailCount = 0
+	state.CooldownEnd = time.Time{}
+}
+
+// CheckAndMarkSuspended 检测暂停错误并标记
+func (rl *RateLimiter) CheckAndMarkSuspended(tokenKey string, errorMsg string) bool {
+	suspendKeywords := []string{
+		"suspended",
+		"banned",
+		"disabled",
+		"account has been",
+		"access denied",
+		"rate limit exceeded",
+		"too many requests",
+		"quota exceeded",
+	}
+
+	lowerMsg := strings.ToLower(errorMsg)
+	for _, keyword := range suspendKeywords {
+		if strings.Contains(lowerMsg, keyword) {
+			rl.mu.Lock()
+			defer rl.mu.Unlock()
+
+			state := rl.getOrCreateState(tokenKey)
+			state.IsSuspended = true
+			state.SuspendedAt = time.Now()
+			state.SuspendReason = errorMsg
+			state.CooldownEnd = time.Now().Add(rl.suspendCooldown)
+			return true
+		}
+	}
+	return false
+}
+
+// IsTokenAvailable 检查 Token 是否可用
+func (rl *RateLimiter) IsTokenAvailable(tokenKey string) bool {
+	rl.mu.RLock()
+	defer rl.mu.RUnlock()
+
+	state, exists := rl.states[tokenKey]
+	if !exists {
+		return true
+	}
+
+	now := time.Now()
+
+	// 检查是否被暂停
+	if state.IsSuspended {
+		if now.After(state.SuspendedAt.Add(rl.suspendCooldown)) {
+			return true
+		}
+		return false
+	}
+
+	// 检查是否在冷却期
+	if now.Before(state.CooldownEnd) {
+		return false
+	}
+
+	// 检查每日请求限制
+	rl.mu.RUnlock()
+	rl.mu.Lock()
+	rl.resetDailyIfNeeded(state)
+	dailyRequests := state.DailyRequests
+	dailyMax := rl.dailyMaxRequests
+	rl.mu.Unlock()
+	rl.mu.RLock()
+
+	if dailyRequests >= dailyMax {
+		return false
+	}
+
+	return true
+}
+
+// calculateBackoff 计算指数退避时间
+func (rl *RateLimiter) calculateBackoff(failCount int) time.Duration {
+	if failCount <= 0 {
+		return 0
+	}
+
+	backoff := float64(rl.backoffBase) * math.Pow(rl.backoffMultiplier, float64(failCount-1))
+
+	// 添加抖动
+	jitter := backoff * rl.jitterPercent * (rl.rng.Float64()*2 - 1)
+	backoff += jitter
+
+	if time.Duration(backoff) > rl.backoffMax {
+		return rl.backoffMax
+	}
+	return time.Duration(backoff)
+}
+
+// GetTokenState 获取 Token 状态（只读）
+func (rl *RateLimiter) GetTokenState(tokenKey string) *TokenState {
+	rl.mu.RLock()
+	defer rl.mu.RUnlock()
+
+	state, exists := rl.states[tokenKey]
+	if !exists {
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	// 返回副本以防止外部修改
+	stateCopy := *state
+	return &stateCopy
+}
+
+// ClearTokenState 清除 Token 状态
+func (rl *RateLimiter) ClearTokenState(tokenKey string) {
+	rl.mu.Lock()
+	defer rl.mu.Unlock()
+	delete(rl.states, tokenKey)
+}
+
+// ResetSuspension 重置暂停状态
+func (rl *RateLimiter) ResetSuspension(tokenKey string) {
+	rl.mu.Lock()
+	defer rl.mu.Unlock()
+
+	state, exists := rl.states[tokenKey]
+	if exists {
+		state.IsSuspended = false
+		state.SuspendedAt = time.Time{}
+		state.SuspendReason = ""
+		state.CooldownEnd = time.Time{}
+		state.FailCount = 0
+	}
+}

internal/auth/kiro/rate_limiter_singleton.go

@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+package kiro
+
+import (
+	"sync"
+	"time"
+
+	log "github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
+)
+
+var (
+	globalRateLimiter     *RateLimiter
+	globalRateLimiterOnce sync.Once
+
+	globalCooldownManager     *CooldownManager
+	globalCooldownManagerOnce sync.Once
+	cooldownStopCh            chan struct{}
+)
+
+// GetGlobalRateLimiter returns the singleton RateLimiter instance.
+func GetGlobalRateLimiter() *RateLimiter {
+	globalRateLimiterOnce.Do(func() {
+		globalRateLimiter = NewRateLimiter()
+		log.Info("kiro: global RateLimiter initialized")
+	})
+	return globalRateLimiter
+}
+
+// GetGlobalCooldownManager returns the singleton CooldownManager instance.
+func GetGlobalCooldownManager() *CooldownManager {
+	globalCooldownManagerOnce.Do(func() {
+		globalCooldownManager = NewCooldownManager()
+		cooldownStopCh = make(chan struct{})
+		go globalCooldownManager.StartCleanupRoutine(5*time.Minute, cooldownStopCh)
+		log.Info("kiro: global CooldownManager initialized with cleanup routine")
+	})
+	return globalCooldownManager
+}
+
+// ShutdownRateLimiters stops the cooldown cleanup routine.
+// Should be called during application shutdown.
+func ShutdownRateLimiters() {
+	if cooldownStopCh != nil {
+		close(cooldownStopCh)
+		log.Info("kiro: rate limiter cleanup routine stopped")
+	}
+}

internal/auth/kiro/rate_limiter_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,304 @@
+package kiro
+
+import (
+	"sync"
+	"testing"
+	"time"
+)
+
+func TestNewRateLimiter(t *testing.T) {
+	rl := NewRateLimiter()
+	if rl == nil {
+		t.Fatal("expected non-nil RateLimiter")
+	}
+	if rl.states == nil {
+		t.Error("expected non-nil states map")
+	}
+	if rl.minTokenInterval != DefaultMinTokenInterval {
+		t.Errorf("expected minTokenInterval %v, got %v", DefaultMinTokenInterval, rl.minTokenInterval)
+	}
+	if rl.maxTokenInterval != DefaultMaxTokenInterval {
+		t.Errorf("expected maxTokenInterval %v, got %v", DefaultMaxTokenInterval, rl.maxTokenInterval)
+	}
+	if rl.dailyMaxRequests != DefaultDailyMaxRequests {
+		t.Errorf("expected dailyMaxRequests %d, got %d", DefaultDailyMaxRequests, rl.dailyMaxRequests)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestNewRateLimiterWithConfig(t *testing.T) {
+	cfg := RateLimiterConfig{
+		MinTokenInterval:  5 * time.Second,
+		MaxTokenInterval:  15 * time.Second,
+		DailyMaxRequests:  100,
+		JitterPercent:     0.2,
+		BackoffBase:       1 * time.Minute,
+		BackoffMax:        30 * time.Minute,
+		BackoffMultiplier: 1.5,
+		SuspendCooldown:   12 * time.Hour,
+	}
+
+	rl := NewRateLimiterWithConfig(cfg)
+	if rl.minTokenInterval != 5*time.Second {
+		t.Errorf("expected minTokenInterval 5s, got %v", rl.minTokenInterval)
+	}
+	if rl.maxTokenInterval != 15*time.Second {
+		t.Errorf("expected maxTokenInterval 15s, got %v", rl.maxTokenInterval)
+	}
+	if rl.dailyMaxRequests != 100 {
+		t.Errorf("expected dailyMaxRequests 100, got %d", rl.dailyMaxRequests)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestNewRateLimiterWithConfig_PartialConfig(t *testing.T) {
+	cfg := RateLimiterConfig{
+		MinTokenInterval: 5 * time.Second,
+	}
+
+	rl := NewRateLimiterWithConfig(cfg)
+	if rl.minTokenInterval != 5*time.Second {
+		t.Errorf("expected minTokenInterval 5s, got %v", rl.minTokenInterval)
+	}
+	if rl.maxTokenInterval != DefaultMaxTokenInterval {
+		t.Errorf("expected default maxTokenInterval, got %v", rl.maxTokenInterval)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestGetTokenState_NonExistent(t *testing.T) {
+	rl := NewRateLimiter()
+	state := rl.GetTokenState("nonexistent")
+	if state != nil {
+		t.Error("expected nil state for non-existent token")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestIsTokenAvailable_NewToken(t *testing.T) {
+	rl := NewRateLimiter()
+	if !rl.IsTokenAvailable("newtoken") {
+		t.Error("expected new token to be available")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestMarkTokenFailed(t *testing.T) {
+	rl := NewRateLimiter()
+	rl.MarkTokenFailed("token1")
+
+	state := rl.GetTokenState("token1")
+	if state == nil {
+		t.Fatal("expected non-nil state")
+	}
+	if state.FailCount != 1 {
+		t.Errorf("expected FailCount 1, got %d", state.FailCount)
+	}
+	if state.CooldownEnd.IsZero() {
+		t.Error("expected non-zero CooldownEnd")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestMarkTokenSuccess(t *testing.T) {
+	rl := NewRateLimiter()
+	rl.MarkTokenFailed("token1")
+	rl.MarkTokenFailed("token1")
+	rl.MarkTokenSuccess("token1")
+
+	state := rl.GetTokenState("token1")
+	if state == nil {
+		t.Fatal("expected non-nil state")
+	}
+	if state.FailCount != 0 {
+		t.Errorf("expected FailCount 0, got %d", state.FailCount)
+	}
+	if !state.CooldownEnd.IsZero() {
+		t.Error("expected zero CooldownEnd after success")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestCheckAndMarkSuspended_Suspended(t *testing.T) {
+	rl := NewRateLimiter()
+
+	testCases := []string{
+		"Account has been suspended",
+		"You are banned from this service",
+		"Account disabled",
+		"Access denied permanently",
+		"Rate limit exceeded",
+		"Too many requests",
+		"Quota exceeded for today",
+	}
+
+	for i, msg := range testCases {
+		tokenKey := "token" + string(rune('a'+i))
+		if !rl.CheckAndMarkSuspended(tokenKey, msg) {
+			t.Errorf("expected suspension detected for: %s", msg)
+		}
+		state := rl.GetTokenState(tokenKey)
+		if !state.IsSuspended {
+			t.Errorf("expected IsSuspended true for: %s", msg)
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+func TestCheckAndMarkSuspended_NotSuspended(t *testing.T) {
+	rl := NewRateLimiter()
+
+	normalErrors := []string{
+		"connection timeout",
+		"internal server error",
+		"bad request",
+		"invalid token format",
+	}
+
+	for i, msg := range normalErrors {
+		tokenKey := "token" + string(rune('a'+i))
+		if rl.CheckAndMarkSuspended(tokenKey, msg) {
+			t.Errorf("unexpected suspension for: %s", msg)
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+func TestIsTokenAvailable_Suspended(t *testing.T) {
+	rl := NewRateLimiter()
+	rl.CheckAndMarkSuspended("token1", "Account suspended")
+
+	if rl.IsTokenAvailable("token1") {
+		t.Error("expected suspended token to be unavailable")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestClearTokenState(t *testing.T) {
+	rl := NewRateLimiter()
+	rl.MarkTokenFailed("token1")
+	rl.ClearTokenState("token1")
+
+	state := rl.GetTokenState("token1")
+	if state != nil {
+		t.Error("expected nil state after clear")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestResetSuspension(t *testing.T) {
+	rl := NewRateLimiter()
+	rl.CheckAndMarkSuspended("token1", "Account suspended")
+	rl.ResetSuspension("token1")
+
+	state := rl.GetTokenState("token1")
+	if state.IsSuspended {
+		t.Error("expected IsSuspended false after reset")
+	}
+	if state.FailCount != 0 {
+		t.Errorf("expected FailCount 0, got %d", state.FailCount)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestResetSuspension_NonExistent(t *testing.T) {
+	rl := NewRateLimiter()
+	rl.ResetSuspension("nonexistent")
+}
+
+func TestCalculateBackoff_ZeroFailCount(t *testing.T) {
+	rl := NewRateLimiter()
+	backoff := rl.calculateBackoff(0)
+	if backoff != 0 {
+		t.Errorf("expected 0 backoff for 0 fails, got %v", backoff)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestCalculateBackoff_Exponential(t *testing.T) {
+	cfg := RateLimiterConfig{
+		BackoffBase:       1 * time.Minute,
+		BackoffMax:        60 * time.Minute,
+		BackoffMultiplier: 2.0,
+		JitterPercent:     0.3,
+	}
+	rl := NewRateLimiterWithConfig(cfg)
+
+	backoff1 := rl.calculateBackoff(1)
+	if backoff1 < 40*time.Second || backoff1 > 80*time.Second {
+		t.Errorf("expected ~1min (with jitter) for fail 1, got %v", backoff1)
+	}
+
+	backoff2 := rl.calculateBackoff(2)
+	if backoff2 < 80*time.Second || backoff2 > 160*time.Second {
+		t.Errorf("expected ~2min (with jitter) for fail 2, got %v", backoff2)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestCalculateBackoff_MaxCap(t *testing.T) {
+	cfg := RateLimiterConfig{
+		BackoffBase:       1 * time.Minute,
+		BackoffMax:        10 * time.Minute,
+		BackoffMultiplier: 2.0,
+		JitterPercent:     0,
+	}
+	rl := NewRateLimiterWithConfig(cfg)
+
+	backoff := rl.calculateBackoff(10)
+	if backoff > 10*time.Minute {
+		t.Errorf("expected backoff capped at 10min, got %v", backoff)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestGetTokenState_ReturnsCopy(t *testing.T) {
+	rl := NewRateLimiter()
+	rl.MarkTokenFailed("token1")
+
+	state1 := rl.GetTokenState("token1")
+	state1.FailCount = 999
+
+	state2 := rl.GetTokenState("token1")
+	if state2.FailCount == 999 {
+		t.Error("GetTokenState should return a copy")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestRateLimiter_ConcurrentAccess(t *testing.T) {
+	rl := NewRateLimiter()
+	const numGoroutines = 50
+	const numOperations = 50
+
+	var wg sync.WaitGroup
+	wg.Add(numGoroutines)
+
+	for i := 0; i < numGoroutines; i++ {
+		go func(id int) {
+			defer wg.Done()
+			tokenKey := "token" + string(rune('a'+id%10))
+			for j := 0; j < numOperations; j++ {
+				switch j % 6 {
+				case 0:
+					rl.IsTokenAvailable(tokenKey)
+				case 1:
+					rl.MarkTokenFailed(tokenKey)
+				case 2:
+					rl.MarkTokenSuccess(tokenKey)
+				case 3:
+					rl.GetTokenState(tokenKey)
+				case 4:
+					rl.CheckAndMarkSuspended(tokenKey, "test error")
+				case 5:
+					rl.ResetSuspension(tokenKey)
+				}
+			}
+		}(i)
+	}
+
+	wg.Wait()
+}
+
+func TestCalculateInterval_WithinRange(t *testing.T) {
+	cfg := RateLimiterConfig{
+		MinTokenInterval: 10 * time.Second,
+		MaxTokenInterval: 30 * time.Second,
+		JitterPercent:    0.3,
+	}
+	rl := NewRateLimiterWithConfig(cfg)
+
+	minAllowed := 7 * time.Second
+	maxAllowed := 40 * time.Second
+
+	for i := 0; i < 100; i++ {
+		interval := rl.calculateInterval()
+		if interval < minAllowed || interval > maxAllowed {
+			t.Errorf("interval %v outside expected range [%v, %v]", interval, minAllowed, maxAllowed)
+		}
+	}
+}

internal/auth/kiro/refresh_manager.go

@@ -0,0 +1,180 @@
+package kiro
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"sync"
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/router-for-me/CLIProxyAPI/v6/internal/config"
+	"github.com/router-for-me/CLIProxyAPI/v6/internal/util"
+	log "github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
+)
+
+// RefreshManager 是后台刷新器的单例管理器
+type RefreshManager struct {
+	mu               sync.Mutex
+	refresher        *BackgroundRefresher
+	ctx              context.Context
+	cancel           context.CancelFunc
+	started          bool
+	onTokenRefreshed func(tokenID string, tokenData *KiroTokenData) // 刷新成功回调
+}
+
+var (
+	globalRefreshManager *RefreshManager
+	managerOnce          sync.Once
+)
+
+// GetRefreshManager 获取全局刷新管理器实例
+func GetRefreshManager() *RefreshManager {
+	managerOnce.Do(func() {
+		globalRefreshManager = &RefreshManager{}
+	})
+	return globalRefreshManager
+}
+
+// Initialize 初始化后台刷新器
+// baseDir: token 文件所在的目录
+// cfg: 应用配置
+func (m *RefreshManager) Initialize(baseDir string, cfg *config.Config) error {
+	m.mu.Lock()
+	defer m.mu.Unlock()
+
+	if m.started {
+		log.Debug("refresh manager: already initialized")
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	if baseDir == "" {
+		log.Warn("refresh manager: base directory not provided, skipping initialization")
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	resolvedBaseDir, err := util.ResolveAuthDir(baseDir)
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Warnf("refresh manager: failed to resolve auth directory %s: %v", baseDir, err)
+	}
+	if resolvedBaseDir != "" {
+		baseDir = resolvedBaseDir
+	}
+
+	// 创建 token 存储库
+	repo := NewFileTokenRepository(baseDir)
+
+	// 创建后台刷新器，配置参数
+	opts := []RefresherOption{
+		WithInterval(time.Minute), // 每分钟检查一次
+		WithBatchSize(50),         // 每批最多处理 50 个 token
+		WithConcurrency(10),       // 最多 10 个并发刷新
+		WithConfig(cfg),           // 设置 OAuth 和 SSO 客户端
+	}
+
+	// 如果已设置回调，传递给 BackgroundRefresher
+	if m.onTokenRefreshed != nil {
+		opts = append(opts, WithOnTokenRefreshed(m.onTokenRefreshed))
+	}
+
+	m.refresher = NewBackgroundRefresher(repo, opts...)
+
+	log.Infof("refresh manager: initialized with base directory %s", baseDir)
+	return nil
+}
+
+// Start 启动后台刷新
+func (m *RefreshManager) Start() {
+	m.mu.Lock()
+	defer m.mu.Unlock()
+
+	if m.started {
+		log.Debug("refresh manager: already started")
+		return
+	}
+
+	if m.refresher == nil {
+		log.Warn("refresh manager: not initialized, cannot start")
+		return
+	}
+
+	m.ctx, m.cancel = context.WithCancel(context.Background())
+	m.refresher.Start(m.ctx)
+	m.started = true
+
+	log.Info("refresh manager: background refresh started")
+}
+
+// Stop 停止后台刷新
+func (m *RefreshManager) Stop() {
+	m.mu.Lock()
+	defer m.mu.Unlock()
+
+	if !m.started {
+		return
+	}
+
+	if m.cancel != nil {
+		m.cancel()
+	}
+
+	if m.refresher != nil {
+		m.refresher.Stop()
+	}
+
+	m.started = false
+	log.Info("refresh manager: background refresh stopped")
+}
+
+// IsRunning 检查后台刷新是否正在运行
+func (m *RefreshManager) IsRunning() bool {
+	m.mu.Lock()
+	defer m.mu.Unlock()
+	return m.started
+}
+
+// UpdateBaseDir 更新 token 目录（用于运行时配置更改）
+func (m *RefreshManager) UpdateBaseDir(baseDir string) {
+	m.mu.Lock()
+	defer m.mu.Unlock()
+
+	if m.refresher != nil && m.refresher.tokenRepo != nil {
+		if repo, ok := m.refresher.tokenRepo.(*FileTokenRepository); ok {
+			repo.SetBaseDir(baseDir)
+			log.Infof("refresh manager: updated base directory to %s", baseDir)
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+// SetOnTokenRefreshed 设置 token 刷新成功后的回调函数
+// 可以在任何时候调用，支持运行时更新回调
+// callback: 回调函数，接收 tokenID（文件名）和新的 token 数据
+func (m *RefreshManager) SetOnTokenRefreshed(callback func(tokenID string, tokenData *KiroTokenData)) {
+	m.mu.Lock()
+	defer m.mu.Unlock()
+
+	m.onTokenRefreshed = callback
+
+	// 如果 refresher 已经创建，使用并发安全的方式更新它的回调
+	if m.refresher != nil {
+		m.refresher.callbackMu.Lock()
+		m.refresher.onTokenRefreshed = callback
+		m.refresher.callbackMu.Unlock()
+	}
+
+	log.Debug("refresh manager: token refresh callback registered")
+}
+
+// InitializeAndStart 初始化并启动后台刷新（便捷方法）
+func InitializeAndStart(baseDir string, cfg *config.Config) {
+	manager := GetRefreshManager()
+	if err := manager.Initialize(baseDir, cfg); err != nil {
+		log.Errorf("refresh manager: initialization failed: %v", err)
+		return
+	}
+	manager.Start()
+}
+
+// StopGlobalRefreshManager 停止全局刷新管理器
+func StopGlobalRefreshManager() {
+	if globalRefreshManager != nil {
+		globalRefreshManager.Stop()
+	}
+}

internal/auth/kiro/refresh_utils.go

@@ -0,0 +1,159 @@
+// Package kiro provides refresh utilities for Kiro token management.
+package kiro
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"fmt"
+	"time"
+
+	log "github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
+)
+
+// RefreshResult contains the result of a token refresh attempt.
+type RefreshResult struct {
+	TokenData    *KiroTokenData
+	Error        error
+	UsedFallback bool // True if we used the existing token as fallback
+}
+
+// RefreshWithGracefulDegradation attempts to refresh a token with graceful degradation.
+// If refresh fails but the existing access token is still valid, it returns the existing token.
+// This matches kiro-openai-gateway's behavior for better reliability.
+//
+// Parameters:
+//   - ctx: Context for the request
+//   - refreshFunc: Function to perform the actual refresh
+//   - existingAccessToken: Current access token (for fallback)
+//   - expiresAt: Expiration time of the existing token
+//
+// Returns:
+//   - RefreshResult containing the new or existing token data
+func RefreshWithGracefulDegradation(
+	ctx context.Context,
+	refreshFunc func(ctx context.Context) (*KiroTokenData, error),
+	existingAccessToken string,
+	expiresAt time.Time,
+) RefreshResult {
+	// Try to refresh the token
+	newTokenData, err := refreshFunc(ctx)
+	if err == nil {
+		return RefreshResult{
+			TokenData:    newTokenData,
+			Error:        nil,
+			UsedFallback: false,
+		}
+	}
+
+	// Refresh failed - check if we can use the existing token
+	log.Warnf("kiro: token refresh failed: %v", err)
+
+	// Check if existing token is still valid (not expired)
+	if existingAccessToken != "" && time.Now().Before(expiresAt) {
+		remainingTime := time.Until(expiresAt)
+		log.Warnf("kiro: using existing access token (expires in %v). Will retry refresh later.", remainingTime.Round(time.Second))
+
+		return RefreshResult{
+			TokenData: &KiroTokenData{
+				AccessToken: existingAccessToken,
+				ExpiresAt:   expiresAt.Format(time.RFC3339),
+			},
+			Error:        nil,
+			UsedFallback: true,
+		}
+	}
+
+	// Token is expired and refresh failed - return the error
+	return RefreshResult{
+		TokenData:    nil,
+		Error:        fmt.Errorf("token refresh failed and existing token is expired: %w", err),
+		UsedFallback: false,
+	}
+}
+
+// IsTokenExpiringSoon checks if a token is expiring within the given threshold.
+// Default threshold is 5 minutes if not specified.
+func IsTokenExpiringSoon(expiresAt time.Time, threshold time.Duration) bool {
+	if threshold == 0 {
+		threshold = 5 * time.Minute
+	}
+	return time.Now().Add(threshold).After(expiresAt)
+}
+
+// IsTokenExpired checks if a token has already expired.
+func IsTokenExpired(expiresAt time.Time) bool {
+	return time.Now().After(expiresAt)
+}
+
+// ParseExpiresAt parses an expiration time string in RFC3339 format.
+// Returns zero time if parsing fails.
+func ParseExpiresAt(expiresAtStr string) time.Time {
+	if expiresAtStr == "" {
+		return time.Time{}
+	}
+	t, err := time.Parse(time.RFC3339, expiresAtStr)
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Debugf("kiro: failed to parse expiresAt '%s': %v", expiresAtStr, err)
+		return time.Time{}
+	}
+	return t
+}
+
+// RefreshConfig contains configuration for token refresh behavior.
+type RefreshConfig struct {
+	// MaxRetries is the maximum number of refresh attempts (default: 1)
+	MaxRetries int
+	// RetryDelay is the delay between retry attempts (default: 1 second)
+	RetryDelay time.Duration
+	// RefreshThreshold is how early to refresh before expiration (default: 5 minutes)
+	RefreshThreshold time.Duration
+	// EnableGracefulDegradation allows using existing token if refresh fails (default: true)
+	EnableGracefulDegradation bool
+}
+
+// DefaultRefreshConfig returns the default refresh configuration.
+func DefaultRefreshConfig() RefreshConfig {
+	return RefreshConfig{
+		MaxRetries:                1,
+		RetryDelay:                time.Second,
+		RefreshThreshold:          5 * time.Minute,
+		EnableGracefulDegradation: true,
+	}
+}
+
+// RefreshWithRetry attempts to refresh a token with retry logic.
+func RefreshWithRetry(
+	ctx context.Context,
+	refreshFunc func(ctx context.Context) (*KiroTokenData, error),
+	config RefreshConfig,
+) (*KiroTokenData, error) {
+	var lastErr error
+
+	maxAttempts := config.MaxRetries + 1
+	if maxAttempts < 1 {
+		maxAttempts = 1
+	}
+
+	for attempt := 1; attempt <= maxAttempts; attempt++ {
+		tokenData, err := refreshFunc(ctx)
+		if err == nil {
+			if attempt > 1 {
+				log.Infof("kiro: token refresh succeeded on attempt %d", attempt)
+			}
+			return tokenData, nil
+		}
+
+		lastErr = err
+		log.Warnf("kiro: token refresh attempt %d/%d failed: %v", attempt, maxAttempts, err)
+
+		// Don't sleep after the last attempt
+		if attempt < maxAttempts {
+			select {
+			case <-ctx.Done():
+				return nil, ctx.Err()
+			case <-time.After(config.RetryDelay):
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	return nil, fmt.Errorf("token refresh failed after %d attempts: %w", maxAttempts, lastErr)
+}

internal/auth/kiro/social_auth.go

@@ -9,7 +9,9 @@ import (
 	"encoding/base64"
 	"encoding/json"
 	"fmt"
+	"html"
 	"io"
+	"net"
 	"net/http"
 	"net/url"
 	"os"
@@ -31,6 +33,9 @@ const (
 
 	// OAuth timeout
 	socialAuthTimeout = 10 * time.Minute
+
+	// Default callback port for social auth HTTP server
+	socialAuthCallbackPort = 9876
 )
 
 // SocialProvider represents the social login provider.
@@ -67,6 +72,13 @@ type RefreshTokenRequest struct {
 	RefreshToken string `json:"refreshToken"`
 }
 
+// WebCallbackResult contains the OAuth callback result from HTTP server.
+type WebCallbackResult struct {
+	Code  string
+	State string
+	Error string
+}
+
 // SocialAuthClient handles social authentication with Kiro.
 type SocialAuthClient struct {
 	httpClient      *http.Client
@@ -87,6 +99,83 @@ func NewSocialAuthClient(cfg *config.Config) *SocialAuthClient {
 	}
 }
 
+// startWebCallbackServer starts a local HTTP server to receive the OAuth callback.
+// This is used instead of the kiro:// protocol handler to avoid redirect_mismatch errors.
+func (c *SocialAuthClient) startWebCallbackServer(ctx context.Context, expectedState string) (string, <-chan WebCallbackResult, error) {
+	// Try to find an available port - use localhost like Kiro does
+	listener, err := net.Listen("tcp", fmt.Sprintf("localhost:%d", socialAuthCallbackPort))
+	if err != nil {
+		// Try with dynamic port (RFC 8252 allows dynamic ports for native apps)
+		log.Warnf("kiro social auth: default port %d is busy, falling back to dynamic port", socialAuthCallbackPort)
+		listener, err = net.Listen("tcp", "localhost:0")
+		if err != nil {
+			return "", nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to start callback server: %w", err)
+		}
+	}
+
+	port := listener.Addr().(*net.TCPAddr).Port
+	// Use http scheme for local callback server
+	redirectURI := fmt.Sprintf("http://localhost:%d/oauth/callback", port)
+	resultChan := make(chan WebCallbackResult, 1)
+
+	server := &http.Server{
+		ReadHeaderTimeout: 10 * time.Second,
+	}
+
+	mux := http.NewServeMux()
+	mux.HandleFunc("/oauth/callback", func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
+		code := r.URL.Query().Get("code")
+		state := r.URL.Query().Get("state")
+		errParam := r.URL.Query().Get("error")
+
+		if errParam != "" {
+			w.Header().Set("Content-Type", "text/html; charset=utf-8")
+			w.WriteHeader(http.StatusBadRequest)
+			fmt.Fprintf(w, `<!DOCTYPE html>
+<html><head><title>Login Failed</title></head>
+<body><h1>Login Failed</h1><p>%s</p><p>You can close this window.</p></body></html>`, html.EscapeString(errParam))
+			resultChan <- WebCallbackResult{Error: errParam}
+			return
+		}
+
+		if state != expectedState {
+			w.Header().Set("Content-Type", "text/html; charset=utf-8")
+			w.WriteHeader(http.StatusBadRequest)
+			fmt.Fprint(w, `<!DOCTYPE html>
+<html><head><title>Login Failed</title></head>
+<body><h1>Login Failed</h1><p>Invalid state parameter</p><p>You can close this window.</p></body></html>`)
+			resultChan <- WebCallbackResult{Error: "state mismatch"}
+			return
+		}
+
+		w.Header().Set("Content-Type", "text/html; charset=utf-8")
+		fmt.Fprint(w, `<!DOCTYPE html>
+<html><head><title>Login Successful</title></head>
+<body><h1>Login Successful!</h1><p>You can close this window and return to the terminal.</p>
+<script>window.close();</script></body></html>`)
+		resultChan <- WebCallbackResult{Code: code, State: state}
+	})
+
+	server.Handler = mux
+
+	go func() {
+		if err := server.Serve(listener); err != nil && err != http.ErrServerClosed {
+			log.Debugf("kiro social auth callback server error: %v", err)
+		}
+	}()
+
+	go func() {
+		select {
+		case <-ctx.Done():
+		case <-time.After(socialAuthTimeout):
+		case <-resultChan:
+		}
+		_ = server.Shutdown(context.Background())
+	}()
+
+	return redirectURI, resultChan, nil
+}
+
 // generatePKCE generates PKCE code verifier and challenge.
 func generatePKCE() (verifier, challenge string, err error) {
 	// Generate 32 bytes of random data for verifier
@@ -140,7 +229,7 @@ func (c *SocialAuthClient) CreateToken(ctx context.Context, req *CreateTokenRequ
 	}
 
 	httpReq.Header.Set("Content-Type", "application/json")
-	httpReq.Header.Set("User-Agent", "cli-proxy-api/1.0.0")
+	httpReq.Header.Set("User-Agent", "KiroIDE-0.7.45-cli-proxy-api")
 
 	resp, err := c.httpClient.Do(httpReq)
 	if err != nil {
@@ -217,10 +306,12 @@ func (c *SocialAuthClient) RefreshSocialToken(ctx context.Context, refreshToken
 		ExpiresAt:    expiresAt.Format(time.RFC3339),
 		AuthMethod:   "social",
 		Provider:     "", // Caller should preserve original provider
+		Region:       "us-east-1",
 	}, nil
 }
 
-// LoginWithSocial performs OAuth login with Google.
+// LoginWithSocial performs OAuth login with Google or GitHub.
+// Uses local HTTP callback server instead of custom protocol handler to avoid redirect_mismatch errors.
 func (c *SocialAuthClient) LoginWithSocial(ctx context.Context, provider SocialProvider) (*KiroTokenData, error) {
 	providerName := string(provider)
 
@@ -228,28 +319,10 @@ func (c *SocialAuthClient) LoginWithSocial(ctx context.Context, provider SocialP
 	fmt.Printf("║         Kiro Authentication (%s)                    ║\n", providerName)
 	fmt.Println("╚══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════╝")
 
-	// Step 1: Setup protocol handler
+	// Step 1: Start local HTTP callback server (instead of kiro:// protocol handler)
+	// This avoids redirect_mismatch errors with AWS Cognito
 	fmt.Println("\nSetting up authentication...")
 
-	// Start the local callback server
-	handlerPort, err := c.protocolHandler.Start(ctx)
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to start callback server: %w", err)
-	}
-	defer c.protocolHandler.Stop()
-
-	// Ensure protocol handler is installed and set as default
-	if err := SetupProtocolHandlerIfNeeded(handlerPort); err != nil {
-		fmt.Println("\n⚠ Protocol handler setup failed. Trying alternative method...")
-		fmt.Println("  If you see a browser 'Open with' dialog, select your default browser.")
-		fmt.Println("  For manual setup instructions, run: cliproxy kiro --help-protocol")
-		log.Debugf("kiro: protocol handler setup error: %v", err)
-		// Continue anyway - user might have set it up manually or select browser manually
-	} else {
-		// Force set our handler as default (prevents "Open with" dialog)
-		forceDefaultProtocolHandler()
-	}
-
 	// Step 2: Generate PKCE codes
 	codeVerifier, codeChallenge, err := generatePKCE()
 	if err != nil {
@@ -262,8 +335,15 @@ func (c *SocialAuthClient) LoginWithSocial(ctx context.Context, provider SocialP
 		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to generate state: %w", err)
 	}
 
-	// Step 4: Build the login URL (Kiro uses GET request with query params)
-	authURL := c.buildLoginURL(providerName, KiroRedirectURI, codeChallenge, state)
+	// Step 4: Start local HTTP callback server
+	redirectURI, resultChan, err := c.startWebCallbackServer(ctx, state)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to start callback server: %w", err)
+	}
+	log.Debugf("kiro social auth: callback server started at %s", redirectURI)
+
+	// Step 5: Build the login URL using HTTP redirect URI
+	authURL := c.buildLoginURL(providerName, redirectURI, codeChallenge, state)
 
 	// Set incognito mode based on config (defaults to true for Kiro, can be overridden with --no-incognito)
 	// Incognito mode enables multi-account support by bypassing cached sessions
@@ -279,7 +359,7 @@ func (c *SocialAuthClient) LoginWithSocial(ctx context.Context, provider SocialP
 		log.Debug("kiro: using incognito mode for multi-account support (default)")
 	}
 
-	// Step 5: Open browser for user authentication
+	// Step 6: Open browser for user authentication
 	fmt.Println("\n════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════")
 	fmt.Printf("  Opening browser for %s authentication...\n", providerName)
 	fmt.Println("════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════")
@@ -295,80 +375,78 @@ func (c *SocialAuthClient) LoginWithSocial(ctx context.Context, provider SocialP
 
 	fmt.Println("\n  Waiting for authentication callback...")
 
-	// Step 6: Wait for callback
-	callback, err := c.protocolHandler.WaitForCallback(ctx)
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to receive callback: %w", err)
-	}
-
-	if callback.Error != "" {
-		return nil, fmt.Errorf("authentication error: %s", callback.Error)
-	}
-
-	if callback.State != state {
-		// Log state values for debugging, but don't expose in user-facing error
-		log.Debugf("kiro: OAuth state mismatch - expected %s, got %s", state, callback.State)
-		return nil, fmt.Errorf("OAuth state validation failed - please try again")
-	}
-
-	if callback.Code == "" {
-		return nil, fmt.Errorf("no authorization code received")
-	}
-
-	fmt.Println("\n✓ Authorization received!")
-
-	// Step 7: Exchange code for tokens
-	fmt.Println("Exchanging code for tokens...")
-
-	tokenReq := &CreateTokenRequest{
-		Code:         callback.Code,
-		CodeVerifier: codeVerifier,
-		RedirectURI:  KiroRedirectURI,
-	}
-
-	tokenResp, err := c.CreateToken(ctx, tokenReq)
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to exchange code for tokens: %w", err)
-	}
-
-	fmt.Println("\n✓ Authentication successful!")
-
-	// Close the browser window
-	if err := browser.CloseBrowser(); err != nil {
-		log.Debugf("Failed to close browser: %v", err)
-	}
-
-	// Validate ExpiresIn - use default 1 hour if invalid
-	expiresIn := tokenResp.ExpiresIn
-	if expiresIn <= 0 {
-		expiresIn = 3600
-	}
-	expiresAt := time.Now().Add(time.Duration(expiresIn) * time.Second)
-
-	// Try to extract email from JWT access token first
-	email := ExtractEmailFromJWT(tokenResp.AccessToken)
-	
-	// If no email in JWT, ask user for account label (only in interactive mode)
-	if email == "" && isInteractiveTerminal() {
-		fmt.Print("\n  Enter account label for file naming (optional, press Enter to skip): ")
-		reader := bufio.NewReader(os.Stdin)
-		var err error
-		email, err = reader.ReadString('\n')
-		if err != nil {
-			log.Debugf("Failed to read account label: %v", err)
+	// Step 7: Wait for callback from HTTP server
+	select {
+	case <-ctx.Done():
+		return nil, ctx.Err()
+	case <-time.After(socialAuthTimeout):
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("authentication timed out")
+	case callback := <-resultChan:
+		if callback.Error != "" {
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("authentication error: %s", callback.Error)
 		}
-		email = strings.TrimSpace(email)
-	}
 
-	return &KiroTokenData{
-		AccessToken:  tokenResp.AccessToken,
-		RefreshToken: tokenResp.RefreshToken,
-		ProfileArn:   tokenResp.ProfileArn,
-		ExpiresAt:    expiresAt.Format(time.RFC3339),
-		AuthMethod:   "social",
-		Provider:     providerName,
-		Email:        email, // JWT email or user-provided label
-	}, nil
+		// State is already validated by the callback server
+		if callback.Code == "" {
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("no authorization code received")
+		}
+
+		fmt.Println("\n✓ Authorization received!")
+
+		// Step 8: Exchange code for tokens
+		fmt.Println("Exchanging code for tokens...")
+
+		tokenReq := &CreateTokenRequest{
+			Code:         callback.Code,
+			CodeVerifier: codeVerifier,
+			RedirectURI:  redirectURI, // Use HTTP redirect URI, not kiro:// protocol
+		}
+
+		tokenResp, err := c.CreateToken(ctx, tokenReq)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to exchange code for tokens: %w", err)
+		}
+
+		fmt.Println("\n✓ Authentication successful!")
+
+		// Close the browser window
+		if err := browser.CloseBrowser(); err != nil {
+			log.Debugf("Failed to close browser: %v", err)
+		}
+
+		// Validate ExpiresIn - use default 1 hour if invalid
+		expiresIn := tokenResp.ExpiresIn
+		if expiresIn <= 0 {
+			expiresIn = 3600
+		}
+		expiresAt := time.Now().Add(time.Duration(expiresIn) * time.Second)
+
+		// Try to extract email from JWT access token first
+		email := ExtractEmailFromJWT(tokenResp.AccessToken)
+
+		// If no email in JWT, ask user for account label (only in interactive mode)
+		if email == "" && isInteractiveTerminal() {
+			fmt.Print("\n  Enter account label for file naming (optional, press Enter to skip): ")
+			reader := bufio.NewReader(os.Stdin)
+			var err error
+			email, err = reader.ReadString('\n')
+			if err != nil {
+				log.Debugf("Failed to read account label: %v", err)
+			}
+			email = strings.TrimSpace(email)
+		}
+
+		return &KiroTokenData{
+			AccessToken:  tokenResp.AccessToken,
+			RefreshToken: tokenResp.RefreshToken,
+			ProfileArn:   tokenResp.ProfileArn,
+			ExpiresAt:    expiresAt.Format(time.RFC3339),
+			AuthMethod:   "social",
+			Provider:     providerName,
+			Email:        email, // JWT email or user-provided label
+			Region:       "us-east-1",
+		}, nil
+	}
 }
 
 // LoginWithGoogle performs OAuth login with Google.

internal/auth/kiro/sso_oidc.go

@@ -684,6 +684,7 @@ func (c *SSOOIDCClient) CreateToken(ctx context.Context, clientID, clientSecret,
 }
 
 // RefreshToken refreshes an access token using the refresh token.
+// Includes retry logic and improved error handling for better reliability.
 func (c *SSOOIDCClient) RefreshToken(ctx context.Context, clientID, clientSecret, refreshToken string) (*KiroTokenData, error) {
 	payload := map[string]string{
 		"clientId":     clientID,
@@ -701,8 +702,13 @@ func (c *SSOOIDCClient) RefreshToken(ctx context.Context, clientID, clientSecret
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
+
+	// Set headers matching Kiro IDE behavior for better compatibility
 	req.Header.Set("Content-Type", "application/json")
-	req.Header.Set("User-Agent", kiroUserAgent)
+	req.Header.Set("Host", "oidc.us-east-1.amazonaws.com")
+	req.Header.Set("x-amz-user-agent", idcAmzUserAgent)
+	req.Header.Set("User-Agent", "node")
+	req.Header.Set("Accept", "*/*")
 
 	resp, err := c.httpClient.Do(req)
 	if err != nil {
@@ -716,8 +722,8 @@ func (c *SSOOIDCClient) RefreshToken(ctx context.Context, clientID, clientSecret
 	}
 
 	if resp.StatusCode != http.StatusOK {
-		log.Debugf("token refresh failed (status %d): %s", resp.StatusCode, string(respBody))
-		return nil, fmt.Errorf("token refresh failed (status %d)", resp.StatusCode)
+		log.Warnf("token refresh failed (status %d): %s", resp.StatusCode, string(respBody))
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("token refresh failed (status %d): %s", resp.StatusCode, string(respBody))
 	}
 
 	var result CreateTokenResponse
@@ -735,6 +741,7 @@ func (c *SSOOIDCClient) RefreshToken(ctx context.Context, clientID, clientSecret
 		Provider:     "AWS",
 		ClientID:     clientID,
 		ClientSecret: clientSecret,
+		Region:       defaultIDCRegion,
 	}, nil
 }
 
@@ -850,16 +857,17 @@ func (c *SSOOIDCClient) LoginWithBuilderID(ctx context.Context) (*KiroTokenData,
 				ClientID:     regResp.ClientID,
 				ClientSecret: regResp.ClientSecret,
 				Email:        email,
+				Region:       defaultIDCRegion,
 			}, nil
-		}
-	}
+			}
+			}
 
-	// Close browser on timeout for better UX
-	if err := browser.CloseBrowser(); err != nil {
-		log.Debugf("Failed to close browser on timeout: %v", err)
-	}
-	return nil, fmt.Errorf("authorization timed out")
-}
+			// Close browser on timeout for better UX
+			if err := browser.CloseBrowser(); err != nil {
+			log.Debugf("Failed to close browser on timeout: %v", err)
+			}
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("authorization timed out")
+			}
 
 // FetchUserEmail retrieves the user's email from AWS SSO OIDC userinfo endpoint.
 // Falls back to JWT parsing if userinfo fails.
@@ -1366,6 +1374,7 @@ func (c *SSOOIDCClient) LoginWithBuilderIDAuthCode(ctx context.Context) (*KiroTo
 			ClientID:     regResp.ClientID,
 			ClientSecret: regResp.ClientSecret,
 			Email:        email,
+			Region:       defaultIDCRegion,
 		}, nil
 	}
 }

internal/auth/kiro/token.go

@@ -9,6 +9,8 @@ import (
 
 // KiroTokenStorage holds the persistent token data for Kiro authentication.
 type KiroTokenStorage struct {
+	// Type is the provider type for management UI recognition (must be "kiro")
+	Type string `json:"type"`
 	// AccessToken is the OAuth2 access token for API access
 	AccessToken string `json:"access_token"`
 	// RefreshToken is used to obtain new access tokens
@@ -23,6 +25,16 @@ type KiroTokenStorage struct {
 	Provider string `json:"provider"`
 	// LastRefresh is the timestamp of the last token refresh
 	LastRefresh string `json:"last_refresh"`
+	// ClientID is the OAuth client ID (required for token refresh)
+	ClientID string `json:"client_id,omitempty"`
+	// ClientSecret is the OAuth client secret (required for token refresh)
+	ClientSecret string `json:"client_secret,omitempty"`
+	// Region is the AWS region
+	Region string `json:"region,omitempty"`
+	// StartURL is the AWS Identity Center start URL (for IDC auth)
+	StartURL string `json:"start_url,omitempty"`
+	// Email is the user's email address
+	Email string `json:"email,omitempty"`
 }
 
 // SaveTokenToFile persists the token storage to the specified file path.
@@ -68,5 +80,10 @@ func (s *KiroTokenStorage) ToTokenData() *KiroTokenData {
 		ExpiresAt:    s.ExpiresAt,
 		AuthMethod:   s.AuthMethod,
 		Provider:     s.Provider,
+		ClientID:     s.ClientID,
+		ClientSecret: s.ClientSecret,
+		Region:       s.Region,
+		StartURL:     s.StartURL,
+		Email:        s.Email,
 	}
 }

internal/auth/kiro/token_repository.go

@@ -0,0 +1,274 @@
+package kiro
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"encoding/json"
+	"fmt"
+	"io/fs"
+	"os"
+	"path/filepath"
+	"sort"
+	"strings"
+	"sync"
+	"time"
+
+	log "github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
+)
+
+// FileTokenRepository 实现 TokenRepository 接口，基于文件系统存储
+type FileTokenRepository struct {
+	mu      sync.RWMutex
+	baseDir string
+}
+
+// NewFileTokenRepository 创建一个新的文件 token 存储库
+func NewFileTokenRepository(baseDir string) *FileTokenRepository {
+	return &FileTokenRepository{
+		baseDir: baseDir,
+	}
+}
+
+// SetBaseDir 设置基础目录
+func (r *FileTokenRepository) SetBaseDir(dir string) {
+	r.mu.Lock()
+	r.baseDir = strings.TrimSpace(dir)
+	r.mu.Unlock()
+}
+
+// FindOldestUnverified 查找需要刷新的 token（按最后验证时间排序）
+func (r *FileTokenRepository) FindOldestUnverified(limit int) []*Token {
+	r.mu.RLock()
+	baseDir := r.baseDir
+	r.mu.RUnlock()
+
+	if baseDir == "" {
+		log.Debug("token repository: base directory not configured")
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	var tokens []*Token
+
+	err := filepath.WalkDir(baseDir, func(path string, d fs.DirEntry, walkErr error) error {
+		if walkErr != nil {
+			return nil // 忽略错误，继续遍历
+		}
+		if d.IsDir() {
+			return nil
+		}
+		if !strings.HasSuffix(strings.ToLower(d.Name()), ".json") {
+			return nil
+		}
+
+		// 只处理 kiro 相关的 token 文件
+		if !strings.HasPrefix(d.Name(), "kiro-") {
+			return nil
+		}
+
+		token, err := r.readTokenFile(path)
+		if err != nil {
+			log.Debugf("token repository: failed to read token file %s: %v", path, err)
+			return nil
+		}
+
+		if token != nil && token.RefreshToken != "" {
+			// 检查 token 是否需要刷新（过期前 5 分钟）
+			if token.ExpiresAt.IsZero() || time.Until(token.ExpiresAt) < 5*time.Minute {
+				tokens = append(tokens, token)
+			}
+		}
+
+		return nil
+	})
+
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Warnf("token repository: error walking directory: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	// 按最后验证时间排序（最旧的优先）
+	sort.Slice(tokens, func(i, j int) bool {
+		return tokens[i].LastVerified.Before(tokens[j].LastVerified)
+	})
+
+	// 限制返回数量
+	if limit > 0 && len(tokens) > limit {
+		tokens = tokens[:limit]
+	}
+
+	return tokens
+}
+
+// UpdateToken 更新 token 并持久化到文件
+func (r *FileTokenRepository) UpdateToken(token *Token) error {
+	if token == nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("token repository: token is nil")
+	}
+
+	r.mu.RLock()
+	baseDir := r.baseDir
+	r.mu.RUnlock()
+
+	if baseDir == "" {
+		return fmt.Errorf("token repository: base directory not configured")
+	}
+
+	// 构建文件路径
+	filePath := filepath.Join(baseDir, token.ID)
+	if !strings.HasSuffix(filePath, ".json") {
+		filePath += ".json"
+	}
+
+	// 读取现有文件内容
+	existingData := make(map[string]any)
+	if data, err := os.ReadFile(filePath); err == nil {
+		_ = json.Unmarshal(data, &existingData)
+	}
+
+	// 更新字段
+	existingData["access_token"] = token.AccessToken
+	existingData["refresh_token"] = token.RefreshToken
+	existingData["last_refresh"] = time.Now().Format(time.RFC3339)
+
+	if !token.ExpiresAt.IsZero() {
+		existingData["expires_at"] = token.ExpiresAt.Format(time.RFC3339)
+	}
+
+	// 保持原有的关键字段
+	if token.ClientID != "" {
+		existingData["client_id"] = token.ClientID
+	}
+	if token.ClientSecret != "" {
+		existingData["client_secret"] = token.ClientSecret
+	}
+	if token.AuthMethod != "" {
+		existingData["auth_method"] = token.AuthMethod
+	}
+	if token.Region != "" {
+		existingData["region"] = token.Region
+	}
+	if token.StartURL != "" {
+		existingData["start_url"] = token.StartURL
+	}
+
+	// 序列化并写入文件
+	raw, err := json.MarshalIndent(existingData, "", "  ")
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("token repository: marshal failed: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	// 原子写入：先写入临时文件，再重命名
+	tmpPath := filePath + ".tmp"
+	if err := os.WriteFile(tmpPath, raw, 0o600); err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("token repository: write temp file failed: %w", err)
+	}
+	if err := os.Rename(tmpPath, filePath); err != nil {
+		_ = os.Remove(tmpPath)
+		return fmt.Errorf("token repository: rename failed: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	log.Debugf("token repository: updated token %s", token.ID)
+	return nil
+}
+
+// readTokenFile 从文件读取 token
+func (r *FileTokenRepository) readTokenFile(path string) (*Token, error) {
+	data, err := os.ReadFile(path)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	var metadata map[string]any
+	if err := json.Unmarshal(data, &metadata); err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	// 检查是否是 kiro token
+	tokenType, _ := metadata["type"].(string)
+	if tokenType != "kiro" {
+		return nil, nil
+	}
+
+	// 检查 auth_method (case-insensitive comparison to handle "IdC", "IDC", "idc", etc.)
+	authMethod, _ := metadata["auth_method"].(string)
+	authMethod = strings.ToLower(authMethod)
+	if authMethod != "idc" && authMethod != "builder-id" {
+		return nil, nil // 只处理 IDC 和 Builder ID token
+	}
+
+	token := &Token{
+		ID:         filepath.Base(path),
+		AuthMethod: authMethod,
+	}
+
+	// 解析各字段
+	if v, ok := metadata["access_token"].(string); ok {
+		token.AccessToken = v
+	}
+	if v, ok := metadata["refresh_token"].(string); ok {
+		token.RefreshToken = v
+	}
+	if v, ok := metadata["client_id"].(string); ok {
+		token.ClientID = v
+	}
+	if v, ok := metadata["client_secret"].(string); ok {
+		token.ClientSecret = v
+	}
+	if v, ok := metadata["region"].(string); ok {
+		token.Region = v
+	}
+	if v, ok := metadata["start_url"].(string); ok {
+		token.StartURL = v
+	}
+	if v, ok := metadata["provider"].(string); ok {
+		token.Provider = v
+	}
+
+	// 解析时间字段
+	if v, ok := metadata["expires_at"].(string); ok {
+		if t, err := time.Parse(time.RFC3339, v); err == nil {
+			token.ExpiresAt = t
+		}
+	}
+	if v, ok := metadata["last_refresh"].(string); ok {
+		if t, err := time.Parse(time.RFC3339, v); err == nil {
+			token.LastVerified = t
+		}
+	}
+
+	return token, nil
+}
+
+// ListKiroTokens 列出所有 Kiro token（用于调试）
+func (r *FileTokenRepository) ListKiroTokens(ctx context.Context) ([]*Token, error) {
+	r.mu.RLock()
+	baseDir := r.baseDir
+	r.mu.RUnlock()
+
+	if baseDir == "" {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("token repository: base directory not configured")
+	}
+
+	var tokens []*Token
+
+	err := filepath.WalkDir(baseDir, func(path string, d fs.DirEntry, walkErr error) error {
+		if walkErr != nil {
+			return nil
+		}
+		if d.IsDir() {
+			return nil
+		}
+		if !strings.HasPrefix(d.Name(), "kiro-") || !strings.HasSuffix(d.Name(), ".json") {
+			return nil
+		}
+
+		token, err := r.readTokenFile(path)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil
+		}
+		if token != nil {
+			tokens = append(tokens, token)
+		}
+		return nil
+	})
+
+	return tokens, err
+}

internal/auth/kiro/usage_checker.go

@@ -0,0 +1,243 @@
+// Package kiro provides authentication functionality for AWS CodeWhisperer (Kiro) API.
+// This file implements usage quota checking and monitoring.
+package kiro
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"encoding/json"
+	"fmt"
+	"io"
+	"net/http"
+	"strings"
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/router-for-me/CLIProxyAPI/v6/internal/config"
+	"github.com/router-for-me/CLIProxyAPI/v6/internal/util"
+)
+
+// UsageQuotaResponse represents the API response structure for usage quota checking.
+type UsageQuotaResponse struct {
+	UsageBreakdownList []UsageBreakdownExtended `json:"usageBreakdownList"`
+	SubscriptionInfo   *SubscriptionInfo        `json:"subscriptionInfo,omitempty"`
+	NextDateReset      float64                  `json:"nextDateReset,omitempty"`
+}
+
+// UsageBreakdownExtended represents detailed usage information for quota checking.
+// Note: UsageBreakdown is already defined in codewhisperer_client.go
+type UsageBreakdownExtended struct {
+	ResourceType              string                 `json:"resourceType"`
+	UsageLimitWithPrecision   float64                `json:"usageLimitWithPrecision"`
+	CurrentUsageWithPrecision float64                `json:"currentUsageWithPrecision"`
+	FreeTrialInfo             *FreeTrialInfoExtended `json:"freeTrialInfo,omitempty"`
+}
+
+// FreeTrialInfoExtended represents free trial usage information.
+type FreeTrialInfoExtended struct {
+	FreeTrialStatus           string  `json:"freeTrialStatus"`
+	UsageLimitWithPrecision   float64 `json:"usageLimitWithPrecision"`
+	CurrentUsageWithPrecision float64 `json:"currentUsageWithPrecision"`
+}
+
+// QuotaStatus represents the quota status for a token.
+type QuotaStatus struct {
+	TotalLimit     float64
+	CurrentUsage   float64
+	RemainingQuota float64
+	IsExhausted    bool
+	ResourceType   string
+	NextReset      time.Time
+}
+
+// UsageChecker provides methods for checking token quota usage.
+type UsageChecker struct {
+	httpClient *http.Client
+	endpoint   string
+}
+
+// NewUsageChecker creates a new UsageChecker instance.
+func NewUsageChecker(cfg *config.Config) *UsageChecker {
+	return &UsageChecker{
+		httpClient: util.SetProxy(&cfg.SDKConfig, &http.Client{Timeout: 30 * time.Second}),
+		endpoint:   awsKiroEndpoint,
+	}
+}
+
+// NewUsageCheckerWithClient creates a UsageChecker with a custom HTTP client.
+func NewUsageCheckerWithClient(client *http.Client) *UsageChecker {
+	return &UsageChecker{
+		httpClient: client,
+		endpoint:   awsKiroEndpoint,
+	}
+}
+
+// CheckUsage retrieves usage limits for the given token.
+func (c *UsageChecker) CheckUsage(ctx context.Context, tokenData *KiroTokenData) (*UsageQuotaResponse, error) {
+	if tokenData == nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("token data is nil")
+	}
+
+	if tokenData.AccessToken == "" {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("access token is empty")
+	}
+
+	payload := map[string]interface{}{
+		"origin":       "AI_EDITOR",
+		"profileArn":   tokenData.ProfileArn,
+		"resourceType": "AGENTIC_REQUEST",
+	}
+
+	jsonBody, err := json.Marshal(payload)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to marshal request: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	req, err := http.NewRequestWithContext(ctx, http.MethodPost, c.endpoint, strings.NewReader(string(jsonBody)))
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to create request: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	req.Header.Set("Content-Type", "application/x-amz-json-1.0")
+	req.Header.Set("x-amz-target", targetGetUsage)
+	req.Header.Set("Authorization", "Bearer "+tokenData.AccessToken)
+	req.Header.Set("Accept", "application/json")
+
+	resp, err := c.httpClient.Do(req)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("request failed: %w", err)
+	}
+	defer resp.Body.Close()
+
+	body, err := io.ReadAll(resp.Body)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to read response: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	if resp.StatusCode != http.StatusOK {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("API error (status %d): %s", resp.StatusCode, string(body))
+	}
+
+	var result UsageQuotaResponse
+	if err := json.Unmarshal(body, &result); err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to parse usage response: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	return &result, nil
+}
+
+// CheckUsageByAccessToken retrieves usage limits using an access token and profile ARN directly.
+func (c *UsageChecker) CheckUsageByAccessToken(ctx context.Context, accessToken, profileArn string) (*UsageQuotaResponse, error) {
+	tokenData := &KiroTokenData{
+		AccessToken: accessToken,
+		ProfileArn:  profileArn,
+	}
+	return c.CheckUsage(ctx, tokenData)
+}
+
+// GetRemainingQuota calculates the remaining quota from usage limits.
+func GetRemainingQuota(usage *UsageQuotaResponse) float64 {
+	if usage == nil || len(usage.UsageBreakdownList) == 0 {
+		return 0
+	}
+
+	var totalRemaining float64
+	for _, breakdown := range usage.UsageBreakdownList {
+		remaining := breakdown.UsageLimitWithPrecision - breakdown.CurrentUsageWithPrecision
+		if remaining > 0 {
+			totalRemaining += remaining
+		}
+
+		if breakdown.FreeTrialInfo != nil {
+			freeRemaining := breakdown.FreeTrialInfo.UsageLimitWithPrecision - breakdown.FreeTrialInfo.CurrentUsageWithPrecision
+			if freeRemaining > 0 {
+				totalRemaining += freeRemaining
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	return totalRemaining
+}
+
+// IsQuotaExhausted checks if the quota is exhausted based on usage limits.
+func IsQuotaExhausted(usage *UsageQuotaResponse) bool {
+	if usage == nil || len(usage.UsageBreakdownList) == 0 {
+		return true
+	}
+
+	for _, breakdown := range usage.UsageBreakdownList {
+		if breakdown.CurrentUsageWithPrecision < breakdown.UsageLimitWithPrecision {
+			return false
+		}
+
+		if breakdown.FreeTrialInfo != nil {
+			if breakdown.FreeTrialInfo.CurrentUsageWithPrecision < breakdown.FreeTrialInfo.UsageLimitWithPrecision {
+				return false
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	return true
+}
+
+// GetQuotaStatus retrieves a comprehensive quota status for a token.
+func (c *UsageChecker) GetQuotaStatus(ctx context.Context, tokenData *KiroTokenData) (*QuotaStatus, error) {
+	usage, err := c.CheckUsage(ctx, tokenData)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	status := &QuotaStatus{
+		IsExhausted: IsQuotaExhausted(usage),
+	}
+
+	if len(usage.UsageBreakdownList) > 0 {
+		breakdown := usage.UsageBreakdownList[0]
+		status.TotalLimit = breakdown.UsageLimitWithPrecision
+		status.CurrentUsage = breakdown.CurrentUsageWithPrecision
+		status.RemainingQuota = breakdown.UsageLimitWithPrecision - breakdown.CurrentUsageWithPrecision
+		status.ResourceType = breakdown.ResourceType
+
+		if breakdown.FreeTrialInfo != nil {
+			status.TotalLimit += breakdown.FreeTrialInfo.UsageLimitWithPrecision
+			status.CurrentUsage += breakdown.FreeTrialInfo.CurrentUsageWithPrecision
+			freeRemaining := breakdown.FreeTrialInfo.UsageLimitWithPrecision - breakdown.FreeTrialInfo.CurrentUsageWithPrecision
+			if freeRemaining > 0 {
+				status.RemainingQuota += freeRemaining
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	if usage.NextDateReset > 0 {
+		status.NextReset = time.Unix(int64(usage.NextDateReset/1000), 0)
+	}
+
+	return status, nil
+}
+
+// CalculateAvailableCount calculates the available request count based on usage limits.
+func CalculateAvailableCount(usage *UsageQuotaResponse) float64 {
+	return GetRemainingQuota(usage)
+}
+
+// GetUsagePercentage calculates the usage percentage.
+func GetUsagePercentage(usage *UsageQuotaResponse) float64 {
+	if usage == nil || len(usage.UsageBreakdownList) == 0 {
+		return 100.0
+	}
+
+	var totalLimit, totalUsage float64
+	for _, breakdown := range usage.UsageBreakdownList {
+		totalLimit += breakdown.UsageLimitWithPrecision
+		totalUsage += breakdown.CurrentUsageWithPrecision
+
+		if breakdown.FreeTrialInfo != nil {
+			totalLimit += breakdown.FreeTrialInfo.UsageLimitWithPrecision
+			totalUsage += breakdown.FreeTrialInfo.CurrentUsageWithPrecision
+		}
+	}
+
+	if totalLimit == 0 {
+		return 100.0
+	}
+
+	return (totalUsage / totalLimit) * 100
+}

internal/cache/signature_cache.go

@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ package cache
 import (
 	"crypto/sha256"
 	"encoding/hex"
-	"sort"
+	"strings"
 	"sync"
 	"time"
 )
@@ -16,23 +16,26 @@ type SignatureEntry struct {
 
 const (
 	// SignatureCacheTTL is how long signatures are valid
-	SignatureCacheTTL = 1 * time.Hour
-
-	// MaxEntriesPerSession limits memory usage per session
-	MaxEntriesPerSession = 100
+	SignatureCacheTTL = 3 * time.Hour
 
 	// SignatureTextHashLen is the length of the hash key (16 hex chars = 64-bit key space)
 	SignatureTextHashLen = 16
 
 	// MinValidSignatureLen is the minimum length for a signature to be considered valid
 	MinValidSignatureLen = 50
+
+	// CacheCleanupInterval controls how often stale entries are purged
+	CacheCleanupInterval = 10 * time.Minute
 )
 
-// signatureCache stores signatures by sessionId -> textHash -> SignatureEntry
+// signatureCache stores signatures by model group -> textHash -> SignatureEntry
 var signatureCache sync.Map
 
-// sessionCache is the inner map type
-type sessionCache struct {
+// cacheCleanupOnce ensures the background cleanup goroutine starts only once
+var cacheCleanupOnce sync.Once
+
+// groupCache is the inner map type
+type groupCache struct {
 	mu      sync.RWMutex
 	entries map[string]SignatureEntry
 }
@@ -43,122 +46,150 @@ func hashText(text string) string {
 	return hex.EncodeToString(h[:])[:SignatureTextHashLen]
 }
 
-// getOrCreateSession gets or creates a session cache
-func getOrCreateSession(sessionID string) *sessionCache {
-	if val, ok := signatureCache.Load(sessionID); ok {
-		return val.(*sessionCache)
+// getOrCreateGroupCache gets or creates a cache bucket for a model group
+func getOrCreateGroupCache(groupKey string) *groupCache {
+	// Start background cleanup on first access
+	cacheCleanupOnce.Do(startCacheCleanup)
+
+	if val, ok := signatureCache.Load(groupKey); ok {
+		return val.(*groupCache)
 	}
-	sc := &sessionCache{entries: make(map[string]SignatureEntry)}
-	actual, _ := signatureCache.LoadOrStore(sessionID, sc)
-	return actual.(*sessionCache)
+	sc := &groupCache{entries: make(map[string]SignatureEntry)}
+	actual, _ := signatureCache.LoadOrStore(groupKey, sc)
+	return actual.(*groupCache)
 }
 
-// CacheSignature stores a thinking signature for a given session and text.
+// startCacheCleanup launches a background goroutine that periodically
+// removes caches where all entries have expired.
+func startCacheCleanup() {
+	go func() {
+		ticker := time.NewTicker(CacheCleanupInterval)
+		defer ticker.Stop()
+		for range ticker.C {
+			purgeExpiredCaches()
+		}
+	}()
+}
+
+// purgeExpiredCaches removes caches with no valid (non-expired) entries.
+func purgeExpiredCaches() {
+	now := time.Now()
+	signatureCache.Range(func(key, value any) bool {
+		sc := value.(*groupCache)
+		sc.mu.Lock()
+		// Remove expired entries
+		for k, entry := range sc.entries {
+			if now.Sub(entry.Timestamp) > SignatureCacheTTL {
+				delete(sc.entries, k)
+			}
+		}
+		isEmpty := len(sc.entries) == 0
+		sc.mu.Unlock()
+		// Remove cache bucket if empty
+		if isEmpty {
+			signatureCache.Delete(key)
+		}
+		return true
+	})
+}
+
+// CacheSignature stores a thinking signature for a given model group and text.
 // Used for Claude models that require signed thinking blocks in multi-turn conversations.
-func CacheSignature(sessionID, text, signature string) {
-	if sessionID == "" || text == "" || signature == "" {
+func CacheSignature(modelName, text, signature string) {
+	if text == "" || signature == "" {
 		return
 	}
 	if len(signature) < MinValidSignatureLen {
 		return
 	}
 
-	sc := getOrCreateSession(sessionID)
+	groupKey := GetModelGroup(modelName)
 	textHash := hashText(text)
-
+	sc := getOrCreateGroupCache(groupKey)
 	sc.mu.Lock()
 	defer sc.mu.Unlock()
 
-	// Evict expired entries if at capacity
-	if len(sc.entries) >= MaxEntriesPerSession {
-		now := time.Now()
-		for key, entry := range sc.entries {
-			if now.Sub(entry.Timestamp) > SignatureCacheTTL {
-				delete(sc.entries, key)
-			}
-		}
-		// If still at capacity, remove oldest entries
-		if len(sc.entries) >= MaxEntriesPerSession {
-			// Find and remove oldest quarter
-			oldest := make([]struct {
-				key string
-				ts  time.Time
-			}, 0, len(sc.entries))
-			for key, entry := range sc.entries {
-				oldest = append(oldest, struct {
-					key string
-					ts  time.Time
-				}{key, entry.Timestamp})
-			}
-			// Sort by timestamp (oldest first) using sort.Slice
-			sort.Slice(oldest, func(i, j int) bool {
-				return oldest[i].ts.Before(oldest[j].ts)
-			})
-
-			toRemove := len(oldest) / 4
-			if toRemove < 1 {
-				toRemove = 1
-			}
-
-			for i := 0; i < toRemove; i++ {
-				delete(sc.entries, oldest[i].key)
-			}
-		}
-	}
-
 	sc.entries[textHash] = SignatureEntry{
 		Signature: signature,
 		Timestamp: time.Now(),
 	}
 }
 
-// GetCachedSignature retrieves a cached signature for a given session and text.
+// GetCachedSignature retrieves a cached signature for a given model group and text.
 // Returns empty string if not found or expired.
-func GetCachedSignature(sessionID, text string) string {
-	if sessionID == "" || text == "" {
-		return ""
-	}
+func GetCachedSignature(modelName, text string) string {
+	groupKey := GetModelGroup(modelName)
 
-	val, ok := signatureCache.Load(sessionID)
-	if !ok {
+	if text == "" {
+		if groupKey == "gemini" {
+			return "skip_thought_signature_validator"
+		}
 		return ""
 	}
-	sc := val.(*sessionCache)
+	val, ok := signatureCache.Load(groupKey)
+	if !ok {
+		if groupKey == "gemini" {
+			return "skip_thought_signature_validator"
+		}
+		return ""
+	}
+	sc := val.(*groupCache)
 
 	textHash := hashText(text)
 
-	sc.mu.RLock()
-	entry, exists := sc.entries[textHash]
-	sc.mu.RUnlock()
+	now := time.Now()
 
+	sc.mu.Lock()
+	entry, exists := sc.entries[textHash]
 	if !exists {
+		sc.mu.Unlock()
+		if groupKey == "gemini" {
+			return "skip_thought_signature_validator"
+		}
 		return ""
 	}
-
-	// Check if expired
-	if time.Since(entry.Timestamp) > SignatureCacheTTL {
-		sc.mu.Lock()
+	if now.Sub(entry.Timestamp) > SignatureCacheTTL {
 		delete(sc.entries, textHash)
 		sc.mu.Unlock()
+		if groupKey == "gemini" {
+			return "skip_thought_signature_validator"
+		}
 		return ""
 	}
 
+	// Refresh TTL on access (sliding expiration).
+	entry.Timestamp = now
+	sc.entries[textHash] = entry
+	sc.mu.Unlock()
+
 	return entry.Signature
 }
 
-// ClearSignatureCache clears signature cache for a specific session or all sessions.
-func ClearSignatureCache(sessionID string) {
-	if sessionID != "" {
-		signatureCache.Delete(sessionID)
-	} else {
+// ClearSignatureCache clears signature cache for a specific model group or all groups.
+func ClearSignatureCache(modelName string) {
+	if modelName == "" {
 		signatureCache.Range(func(key, _ any) bool {
 			signatureCache.Delete(key)
 			return true
 		})
+		return
 	}
+	groupKey := GetModelGroup(modelName)
+	signatureCache.Delete(groupKey)
 }
 
 // HasValidSignature checks if a signature is valid (non-empty and long enough)
-func HasValidSignature(signature string) bool {
-	return signature != "" && len(signature) >= MinValidSignatureLen
+func HasValidSignature(modelName, signature string) bool {
+	return (signature != "" && len(signature) >= MinValidSignatureLen) || (signature == "skip_thought_signature_validator" && GetModelGroup(modelName) == "gemini")
+}
+
+func GetModelGroup(modelName string) string {
+	if strings.Contains(modelName, "gpt") {
+		return "gpt"
+	} else if strings.Contains(modelName, "claude") {
+		return "claude"
+	} else if strings.Contains(modelName, "gemini") {
+		return "gemini"
+	}
+	return modelName
 }

internal/cache/signature_cache_test.go

@@ -5,38 +5,40 @@ import (
 	"time"
 )
 
+const testModelName = "claude-sonnet-4-5"
+
 func TestCacheSignature_BasicStorageAndRetrieval(t *testing.T) {
 	ClearSignatureCache("")
 
-	sessionID := "test-session-1"
 	text := "This is some thinking text content"
 	signature := "abc123validSignature1234567890123456789012345678901234567890"
 
 	// Store signature
-	CacheSignature(sessionID, text, signature)
+	CacheSignature(testModelName, text, signature)
 
 	// Retrieve signature
-	retrieved := GetCachedSignature(sessionID, text)
+	retrieved := GetCachedSignature(testModelName, text)
 	if retrieved != signature {
 		t.Errorf("Expected signature '%s', got '%s'", signature, retrieved)
 	}
 }
 
-func TestCacheSignature_DifferentSessions(t *testing.T) {
+func TestCacheSignature_DifferentModelGroups(t *testing.T) {
 	ClearSignatureCache("")
 
-	text := "Same text in different sessions"
+	text := "Same text across models"
 	sig1 := "signature1_1234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456"
 	sig2 := "signature2_1234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456"
 
-	CacheSignature("session-a", text, sig1)
-	CacheSignature("session-b", text, sig2)
+	geminiModel := "gemini-3-pro-preview"
+	CacheSignature(testModelName, text, sig1)
+	CacheSignature(geminiModel, text, sig2)
 
-	if GetCachedSignature("session-a", text) != sig1 {
-		t.Error("Session-a signature mismatch")
+	if GetCachedSignature(testModelName, text) != sig1 {
+		t.Error("Claude signature mismatch")
 	}
-	if GetCachedSignature("session-b", text) != sig2 {
-		t.Error("Session-b signature mismatch")
+	if GetCachedSignature(geminiModel, text) != sig2 {
+		t.Error("Gemini signature mismatch")
 	}
 }
 
@@ -44,13 +46,13 @@ func TestCacheSignature_NotFound(t *testing.T) {
 	ClearSignatureCache("")
 
 	// Non-existent session
-	if got := GetCachedSignature("nonexistent", "some text"); got != "" {
+	if got := GetCachedSignature(testModelName, "some text"); got != "" {
 		t.Errorf("Expected empty string for nonexistent session, got '%s'", got)
 	}
 
 	// Existing session but different text
-	CacheSignature("session-x", "text-a", "sigA12345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890")
-	if got := GetCachedSignature("session-x", "text-b"); got != "" {
+	CacheSignature(testModelName, "text-a", "sigA12345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890")
+	if got := GetCachedSignature(testModelName, "text-b"); got != "" {
 		t.Errorf("Expected empty string for different text, got '%s'", got)
 	}
 }
@@ -59,12 +61,11 @@ func TestCacheSignature_EmptyInputs(t *testing.T) {
 	ClearSignatureCache("")
 
 	// All empty/invalid inputs should be no-ops
-	CacheSignature("", "text", "sig12345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890")
-	CacheSignature("session", "", "sig12345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890")
-	CacheSignature("session", "text", "")
-	CacheSignature("session", "text", "short") // Too short
+	CacheSignature(testModelName, "", "sig12345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890")
+	CacheSignature(testModelName, "text", "")
+	CacheSignature(testModelName, "text", "short") // Too short
 
-	if got := GetCachedSignature("session", "text"); got != "" {
+	if got := GetCachedSignature(testModelName, "text"); got != "" {
 		t.Errorf("Expected empty after invalid cache attempts, got '%s'", got)
 	}
 }
@@ -72,31 +73,27 @@ func TestCacheSignature_EmptyInputs(t *testing.T) {
 func TestCacheSignature_ShortSignatureRejected(t *testing.T) {
 	ClearSignatureCache("")
 
-	sessionID := "test-short-sig"
 	text := "Some text"
 	shortSig := "abc123" // Less than 50 chars
 
-	CacheSignature(sessionID, text, shortSig)
+	CacheSignature(testModelName, text, shortSig)
 
-	if got := GetCachedSignature(sessionID, text); got != "" {
+	if got := GetCachedSignature(testModelName, text); got != "" {
 		t.Errorf("Short signature should be rejected, got '%s'", got)
 	}
 }
 
-func TestClearSignatureCache_SpecificSession(t *testing.T) {
+func TestClearSignatureCache_ModelGroup(t *testing.T) {
 	ClearSignatureCache("")
 
 	sig := "validSig1234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456"
-	CacheSignature("session-1", "text", sig)
-	CacheSignature("session-2", "text", sig)
+	CacheSignature(testModelName, "text", sig)
+	CacheSignature(testModelName, "text-2", sig)
 
 	ClearSignatureCache("session-1")
 
-	if got := GetCachedSignature("session-1", "text"); got != "" {
-		t.Error("session-1 should be cleared")
-	}
-	if got := GetCachedSignature("session-2", "text"); got != sig {
-		t.Error("session-2 should still exist")
+	if got := GetCachedSignature(testModelName, "text"); got != sig {
+		t.Error("signature should remain when clearing unknown session")
 	}
 }
 
@@ -104,35 +101,37 @@ func TestClearSignatureCache_AllSessions(t *testing.T) {
 	ClearSignatureCache("")
 
 	sig := "validSig1234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456"
-	CacheSignature("session-1", "text", sig)
-	CacheSignature("session-2", "text", sig)
+	CacheSignature(testModelName, "text", sig)
+	CacheSignature(testModelName, "text-2", sig)
 
 	ClearSignatureCache("")
 
-	if got := GetCachedSignature("session-1", "text"); got != "" {
-		t.Error("session-1 should be cleared")
+	if got := GetCachedSignature(testModelName, "text"); got != "" {
+		t.Error("text should be cleared")
 	}
-	if got := GetCachedSignature("session-2", "text"); got != "" {
-		t.Error("session-2 should be cleared")
+	if got := GetCachedSignature(testModelName, "text-2"); got != "" {
+		t.Error("text-2 should be cleared")
 	}
 }
 
 func TestHasValidSignature(t *testing.T) {
 	tests := []struct {
 		name      string
+		modelName string
 		signature string
 		expected  bool
 	}{
-		{"valid long signature", "abc123validSignature1234567890123456789012345678901234567890", true},
-		{"exactly 50 chars", "12345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890", true},
-		{"49 chars - invalid", "1234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789", false},
-		{"empty string", "", false},
-		{"short signature", "abc", false},
+		{"valid long signature", testModelName, "abc123validSignature1234567890123456789012345678901234567890", true},
+		{"exactly 50 chars", testModelName, "12345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890", true},
+		{"49 chars - invalid", testModelName, "1234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789", false},
+		{"empty string", testModelName, "", false},
+		{"short signature", testModelName, "abc", false},
+		{"gemini sentinel", "gemini-3-pro-preview", "skip_thought_signature_validator", true},
 	}
 
 	for _, tt := range tests {
 		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
-			result := HasValidSignature(tt.signature)
+			result := HasValidSignature(tt.modelName, tt.signature)
 			if result != tt.expected {
 				t.Errorf("HasValidSignature(%q) = %v, expected %v", tt.signature, result, tt.expected)
 			}
@@ -143,21 +142,19 @@ func TestHasValidSignature(t *testing.T) {
 func TestCacheSignature_TextHashCollisionResistance(t *testing.T) {
 	ClearSignatureCache("")
 
-	sessionID := "hash-test-session"
-
 	// Different texts should produce different hashes
 	text1 := "First thinking text"
 	text2 := "Second thinking text"
 	sig1 := "signature1_1234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456"
 	sig2 := "signature2_1234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456"
 
-	CacheSignature(sessionID, text1, sig1)
-	CacheSignature(sessionID, text2, sig2)
+	CacheSignature(testModelName, text1, sig1)
+	CacheSignature(testModelName, text2, sig2)
 
-	if GetCachedSignature(sessionID, text1) != sig1 {
+	if GetCachedSignature(testModelName, text1) != sig1 {
 		t.Error("text1 signature mismatch")
 	}
-	if GetCachedSignature(sessionID, text2) != sig2 {
+	if GetCachedSignature(testModelName, text2) != sig2 {
 		t.Error("text2 signature mismatch")
 	}
 }
@@ -165,13 +162,12 @@ func TestCacheSignature_TextHashCollisionResistance(t *testing.T) {
 func TestCacheSignature_UnicodeText(t *testing.T) {
 	ClearSignatureCache("")
 
-	sessionID := "unicode-session"
 	text := "한글 텍스트와 이모지 🎉 그리고 特殊文字"
 	sig := "unicodeSig123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345"
 
-	CacheSignature(sessionID, text, sig)
+	CacheSignature(testModelName, text, sig)
 
-	if got := GetCachedSignature(sessionID, text); got != sig {
+	if got := GetCachedSignature(testModelName, text); got != sig {
 		t.Errorf("Unicode text signature retrieval failed, got '%s'", got)
 	}
 }
@@ -179,15 +175,14 @@ func TestCacheSignature_UnicodeText(t *testing.T) {
 func TestCacheSignature_Overwrite(t *testing.T) {
 	ClearSignatureCache("")
 
-	sessionID := "overwrite-session"
 	text := "Same text"
 	sig1 := "firstSignature12345678901234567890123456789012345678901"
 	sig2 := "secondSignature1234567890123456789012345678901234567890"
 
-	CacheSignature(sessionID, text, sig1)
-	CacheSignature(sessionID, text, sig2) // Overwrite
+	CacheSignature(testModelName, text, sig1)
+	CacheSignature(testModelName, text, sig2) // Overwrite
 
-	if got := GetCachedSignature(sessionID, text); got != sig2 {
+	if got := GetCachedSignature(testModelName, text); got != sig2 {
 		t.Errorf("Expected overwritten signature '%s', got '%s'", sig2, got)
 	}
 }
@@ -199,14 +194,13 @@ func TestCacheSignature_ExpirationLogic(t *testing.T) {
 
 	// This test verifies the expiration check exists
 	// In a real scenario, we'd mock time.Now()
-	sessionID := "expiration-test"
 	text := "text"
 	sig := "validSig1234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456"
 
-	CacheSignature(sessionID, text, sig)
+	CacheSignature(testModelName, text, sig)
 
 	// Fresh entry should be retrievable
-	if got := GetCachedSignature(sessionID, text); got != sig {
+	if got := GetCachedSignature(testModelName, text); got != sig {
 		t.Errorf("Fresh entry should be retrievable, got '%s'", got)
 	}
 

internal/cmd/anthropic_login.go

@@ -32,15 +32,15 @@ func DoClaudeLogin(cfg *config.Config, options *LoginOptions) {
 	manager := newAuthManager()
 
 	authOpts := &sdkAuth.LoginOptions{
-		NoBrowser: options.NoBrowser,
-		Metadata:  map[string]string{},
-		Prompt:    promptFn,
+		NoBrowser:    options.NoBrowser,
+		CallbackPort: options.CallbackPort,
+		Metadata:     map[string]string{},
+		Prompt:       promptFn,
 	}
 
 	_, savedPath, err := manager.Login(context.Background(), "claude", cfg, authOpts)
 	if err != nil {
-		var authErr *claude.AuthenticationError
-		if errors.As(err, &authErr) {
+		if authErr, ok := errors.AsType[*claude.AuthenticationError](err); ok {
 			log.Error(claude.GetUserFriendlyMessage(authErr))
 			if authErr.Type == claude.ErrPortInUse.Type {
 				os.Exit(claude.ErrPortInUse.Code)

internal/cmd/antigravity_login.go

@@ -22,9 +22,10 @@ func DoAntigravityLogin(cfg *config.Config, options *LoginOptions) {
 
 	manager := newAuthManager()
 	authOpts := &sdkAuth.LoginOptions{
-		NoBrowser: options.NoBrowser,
-		Metadata:  map[string]string{},
-		Prompt:    promptFn,
+		NoBrowser:    options.NoBrowser,
+		CallbackPort: options.CallbackPort,
+		Metadata:     map[string]string{},
+		Prompt:       promptFn,
 	}
 
 	record, savedPath, err := manager.Login(context.Background(), "antigravity", cfg, authOpts)

internal/cmd/auth_manager.go

@@ -19,8 +19,10 @@ func newAuthManager() *sdkAuth.Manager {
 		sdkAuth.NewQwenAuthenticator(),
 		sdkAuth.NewIFlowAuthenticator(),
 		sdkAuth.NewAntigravityAuthenticator(),
+		sdkAuth.NewKimiAuthenticator(),
 		sdkAuth.NewKiroAuthenticator(),
 		sdkAuth.NewGitHubCopilotAuthenticator(),
+		sdkAuth.NewKiloAuthenticator(),
 	)
 	return manager
 }

internal/cmd/iflow_login.go

@@ -24,15 +24,15 @@ func DoIFlowLogin(cfg *config.Config, options *LoginOptions) {
 	}
 
 	authOpts := &sdkAuth.LoginOptions{
-		NoBrowser: options.NoBrowser,
-		Metadata:  map[string]string{},
-		Prompt:    promptFn,
+		NoBrowser:    options.NoBrowser,
+		CallbackPort: options.CallbackPort,
+		Metadata:     map[string]string{},
+		Prompt:       promptFn,
 	}
 
 	_, savedPath, err := manager.Login(context.Background(), "iflow", cfg, authOpts)
 	if err != nil {
-		var emailErr *sdkAuth.EmailRequiredError
-		if errors.As(err, &emailErr) {
+		if emailErr, ok := errors.AsType[*sdkAuth.EmailRequiredError](err); ok {
 			log.Error(emailErr.Error())
 			return
 		}

internal/cmd/kilo_login.go

@@ -0,0 +1,54 @@
+package cmd
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"fmt"
+	"strings"
+
+	"github.com/router-for-me/CLIProxyAPI/v6/internal/config"
+	sdkAuth "github.com/router-for-me/CLIProxyAPI/v6/sdk/auth"
+)
+
+// DoKiloLogin handles the Kilo device flow using the shared authentication manager.
+// It initiates the device-based authentication process for Kilo AI services and saves
+// the authentication tokens to the configured auth directory.
+//
+// Parameters:
+//   - cfg: The application configuration
+//   - options: Login options including browser behavior and prompts
+func DoKiloLogin(cfg *config.Config, options *LoginOptions) {
+	if options == nil {
+		options = &LoginOptions{}
+	}
+
+	manager := newAuthManager()
+
+	promptFn := options.Prompt
+	if promptFn == nil {
+		promptFn = func(prompt string) (string, error) {
+			fmt.Print(prompt)
+			var value string
+			fmt.Scanln(&value)
+			return strings.TrimSpace(value), nil
+		}
+	}
+
+	authOpts := &sdkAuth.LoginOptions{
+		NoBrowser:    options.NoBrowser,
+		CallbackPort: options.CallbackPort,
+		Metadata:     map[string]string{},
+		Prompt:       promptFn,
+	}
+
+	_, savedPath, err := manager.Login(context.Background(), "kilo", cfg, authOpts)
+	if err != nil {
+		fmt.Printf("Kilo authentication failed: %v\n", err)
+		return
+	}
+
+	if savedPath != "" {
+		fmt.Printf("Authentication saved to %s\n", savedPath)
+	}
+
+	fmt.Println("Kilo authentication successful!")
+}

internal/cmd/kimi_login.go

@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+package cmd
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"fmt"
+
+	"github.com/router-for-me/CLIProxyAPI/v6/internal/config"
+	sdkAuth "github.com/router-for-me/CLIProxyAPI/v6/sdk/auth"
+	log "github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
+)
+
+// DoKimiLogin triggers the OAuth device flow for Kimi (Moonshot AI) and saves tokens.
+// It initiates the device flow authentication, displays the verification URL for the user,
+// and waits for authorization before saving the tokens.
+//
+// Parameters:
+//   - cfg: The application configuration containing proxy and auth directory settings
+//   - options: Login options including browser behavior settings
+func DoKimiLogin(cfg *config.Config, options *LoginOptions) {
+	if options == nil {
+		options = &LoginOptions{}
+	}
+
+	manager := newAuthManager()
+	authOpts := &sdkAuth.LoginOptions{
+		NoBrowser: options.NoBrowser,
+		Metadata:  map[string]string{},
+		Prompt:    options.Prompt,
+	}
+
+	record, savedPath, err := manager.Login(context.Background(), "kimi", cfg, authOpts)
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Errorf("Kimi authentication failed: %v", err)
+		return
+	}
+
+	if savedPath != "" {
+		fmt.Printf("Authentication saved to %s\n", savedPath)
+	}
+	if record != nil && record.Label != "" {
+		fmt.Printf("Authenticated as %s\n", record.Label)
+	}
+	fmt.Println("Kimi authentication successful!")
+}

internal/cmd/login.go

@@ -67,10 +67,11 @@ func DoLogin(cfg *config.Config, projectID string, options *LoginOptions) {
 	}
 
 	loginOpts := &sdkAuth.LoginOptions{
-		NoBrowser: options.NoBrowser,
-		ProjectID: trimmedProjectID,
-		Metadata:  map[string]string{},
-		Prompt:    callbackPrompt,
+		NoBrowser:    options.NoBrowser,
+		ProjectID:    trimmedProjectID,
+		CallbackPort: options.CallbackPort,
+		Metadata:     map[string]string{},
+		Prompt:       callbackPrompt,
 	}
 
 	authenticator := sdkAuth.NewGeminiAuthenticator()
@@ -88,8 +89,9 @@ func DoLogin(cfg *config.Config, projectID string, options *LoginOptions) {
 
 	geminiAuth := gemini.NewGeminiAuth()
 	httpClient, errClient := geminiAuth.GetAuthenticatedClient(ctx, storage, cfg, &gemini.WebLoginOptions{
-		NoBrowser: options.NoBrowser,
-		Prompt:    callbackPrompt,
+		NoBrowser:    options.NoBrowser,
+		CallbackPort: options.CallbackPort,
+		Prompt:       callbackPrompt,
 	})
 	if errClient != nil {
 		log.Errorf("Gemini authentication failed: %v", errClient)
@@ -98,41 +100,74 @@ func DoLogin(cfg *config.Config, projectID string, options *LoginOptions) {
 
 	log.Info("Authentication successful.")
 
-	projects, errProjects := fetchGCPProjects(ctx, httpClient)
-	if errProjects != nil {
-		log.Errorf("Failed to get project list: %v", errProjects)
-		return
+	var activatedProjects []string
+
+	useGoogleOne := false
+	if trimmedProjectID == "" && promptFn != nil {
+		fmt.Println("\nSelect login mode:")
+		fmt.Println("  1. Code Assist  (GCP project, manual selection)")
+		fmt.Println("  2. Google One   (personal account, auto-discover project)")
+		choice, errPrompt := promptFn("Enter choice [1/2] (default: 1): ")
+		if errPrompt == nil && strings.TrimSpace(choice) == "2" {
+			useGoogleOne = true
+		}
 	}
 
-	selectedProjectID := promptForProjectSelection(projects, trimmedProjectID, promptFn)
-	projectSelections, errSelection := resolveProjectSelections(selectedProjectID, projects)
-	if errSelection != nil {
-		log.Errorf("Invalid project selection: %v", errSelection)
-		return
-	}
-	if len(projectSelections) == 0 {
-		log.Error("No project selected; aborting login.")
-		return
-	}
-
-	activatedProjects := make([]string, 0, len(projectSelections))
-	for _, candidateID := range projectSelections {
-		log.Infof("Activating project %s", candidateID)
-		if errSetup := performGeminiCLISetup(ctx, httpClient, storage, candidateID); errSetup != nil {
-			var projectErr *projectSelectionRequiredError
-			if errors.As(errSetup, &projectErr) {
-				log.Error("Failed to start user onboarding: A project ID is required.")
-				showProjectSelectionHelp(storage.Email, projects)
-				return
-			}
-			log.Errorf("Failed to complete user setup: %v", errSetup)
+	if useGoogleOne {
+		log.Info("Google One mode: auto-discovering project...")
+		if errSetup := performGeminiCLISetup(ctx, httpClient, storage, ""); errSetup != nil {
+			log.Errorf("Google One auto-discovery failed: %v", errSetup)
 			return
 		}
-		finalID := strings.TrimSpace(storage.ProjectID)
-		if finalID == "" {
-			finalID = candidateID
+		autoProject := strings.TrimSpace(storage.ProjectID)
+		if autoProject == "" {
+			log.Error("Google One auto-discovery returned empty project ID")
+			return
+		}
+		log.Infof("Auto-discovered project: %s", autoProject)
+		activatedProjects = []string{autoProject}
+	} else {
+		projects, errProjects := fetchGCPProjects(ctx, httpClient)
+		if errProjects != nil {
+			log.Errorf("Failed to get project list: %v", errProjects)
+			return
+		}
+
+		selectedProjectID := promptForProjectSelection(projects, trimmedProjectID, promptFn)
+		projectSelections, errSelection := resolveProjectSelections(selectedProjectID, projects)
+		if errSelection != nil {
+			log.Errorf("Invalid project selection: %v", errSelection)
+			return
+		}
+		if len(projectSelections) == 0 {
+			log.Error("No project selected; aborting login.")
+			return
+		}
+
+		seenProjects := make(map[string]bool)
+		for _, candidateID := range projectSelections {
+			log.Infof("Activating project %s", candidateID)
+			if errSetup := performGeminiCLISetup(ctx, httpClient, storage, candidateID); errSetup != nil {
+				if _, ok := errors.AsType[*projectSelectionRequiredError](errSetup); ok {
+					log.Error("Failed to start user onboarding: A project ID is required.")
+					showProjectSelectionHelp(storage.Email, projects)
+					return
+				}
+				log.Errorf("Failed to complete user setup: %v", errSetup)
+				return
+			}
+			finalID := strings.TrimSpace(storage.ProjectID)
+			if finalID == "" {
+				finalID = candidateID
+			}
+
+			if seenProjects[finalID] {
+				log.Infof("Project %s already activated, skipping", finalID)
+				continue
+			}
+			seenProjects[finalID] = true
+			activatedProjects = append(activatedProjects, finalID)
 		}
-		activatedProjects = append(activatedProjects, finalID)
 	}
 
 	storage.Auto = false
@@ -225,7 +260,48 @@ func performGeminiCLISetup(ctx context.Context, httpClient *http.Client, storage
 		}
 	}
 	if projectID == "" {
-		return &projectSelectionRequiredError{}
+		// Auto-discovery: try onboardUser without specifying a project
+		// to let Google auto-provision one (matches Gemini CLI headless behavior
+		// and Antigravity's FetchProjectID pattern).
+		autoOnboardReq := map[string]any{
+			"tierId":   tierID,
+			"metadata": metadata,
+		}
+
+		autoCtx, autoCancel := context.WithTimeout(ctx, 30*time.Second)
+		defer autoCancel()
+		for attempt := 1; ; attempt++ {
+			var onboardResp map[string]any
+			if errOnboard := callGeminiCLI(autoCtx, httpClient, "onboardUser", autoOnboardReq, &onboardResp); errOnboard != nil {
+				return fmt.Errorf("auto-discovery onboardUser: %w", errOnboard)
+			}
+
+			if done, okDone := onboardResp["done"].(bool); okDone && done {
+				if resp, okResp := onboardResp["response"].(map[string]any); okResp {
+					switch v := resp["cloudaicompanionProject"].(type) {
+					case string:
+						projectID = strings.TrimSpace(v)
+					case map[string]any:
+						if id, okID := v["id"].(string); okID {
+							projectID = strings.TrimSpace(id)
+						}
+					}
+				}
+				break
+			}
+
+			log.Debugf("Auto-discovery: onboarding in progress, attempt %d...", attempt)
+			select {
+			case <-autoCtx.Done():
+				return &projectSelectionRequiredError{}
+			case <-time.After(2 * time.Second):
+			}
+		}
+
+		if projectID == "" {
+			return &projectSelectionRequiredError{}
+		}
+		log.Infof("Auto-discovered project ID via onboarding: %s", projectID)
 	}
 
 	onboardReqBody := map[string]any{
@@ -259,7 +335,39 @@ func performGeminiCLISetup(ctx context.Context, httpClient *http.Client, storage
 			finalProjectID := projectID
 			if responseProjectID != "" {
 				if explicitProject && !strings.EqualFold(responseProjectID, projectID) {
-					log.Warnf("Gemini onboarding returned project %s instead of requested %s; keeping requested project ID.", responseProjectID, projectID)
+					// Check if this is a free user (gen-lang-client projects or free/legacy tier)
+					isFreeUser := strings.HasPrefix(projectID, "gen-lang-client-") ||
+						strings.EqualFold(tierID, "FREE") ||
+						strings.EqualFold(tierID, "LEGACY")
+
+					if isFreeUser {
+						// Interactive prompt for free users
+						fmt.Printf("\nGoogle returned a different project ID:\n")
+						fmt.Printf("  Requested (frontend): %s\n", projectID)
+						fmt.Printf("  Returned (backend):   %s\n\n", responseProjectID)
+						fmt.Printf("  Backend project IDs have access to preview models (gemini-3-*).\n")
+						fmt.Printf("  This is normal for free tier users.\n\n")
+						fmt.Printf("Which project ID would you like to use?\n")
+						fmt.Printf("  [1] Backend (recommended): %s\n", responseProjectID)
+						fmt.Printf("  [2] Frontend: %s\n\n", projectID)
+						fmt.Printf("Enter choice [1]: ")
+
+						reader := bufio.NewReader(os.Stdin)
+						choice, _ := reader.ReadString('\n')
+						choice = strings.TrimSpace(choice)
+
+						if choice == "2" {
+							log.Infof("Using frontend project ID: %s", projectID)
+							fmt.Println(". Warning: Frontend project IDs may not have access to preview models.")
+							finalProjectID = projectID
+						} else {
+							log.Infof("Using backend project ID: %s (recommended)", responseProjectID)
+							finalProjectID = responseProjectID
+						}
+					} else {
+						// Pro users: keep requested project ID (original behavior)
+						log.Warnf("Gemini onboarding returned project %s instead of requested %s; keeping requested project ID.", responseProjectID, projectID)
+					}
 				} else {
 					finalProjectID = responseProjectID
 				}
@@ -575,7 +683,7 @@ func updateAuthRecord(record *cliproxyauth.Auth, storage *gemini.GeminiTokenStor
 		return
 	}
 
-	finalName := gemini.CredentialFileName(storage.Email, storage.ProjectID, false)
+	finalName := gemini.CredentialFileName(storage.Email, storage.ProjectID, true)
 
 	if record.Metadata == nil {
 		record.Metadata = make(map[string]any)

internal/cmd/openai_login.go

@@ -19,6 +19,9 @@ type LoginOptions struct {
 	// NoBrowser indicates whether to skip opening the browser automatically.
 	NoBrowser bool
 
+	// CallbackPort overrides the local OAuth callback port when set (>0).
+	CallbackPort int
+
 	// Prompt allows the caller to provide interactive input when needed.
 	Prompt func(prompt string) (string, error)
 }
@@ -43,15 +46,15 @@ func DoCodexLogin(cfg *config.Config, options *LoginOptions) {
 	manager := newAuthManager()
 
 	authOpts := &sdkAuth.LoginOptions{
-		NoBrowser: options.NoBrowser,
-		Metadata:  map[string]string{},
-		Prompt:    promptFn,
+		NoBrowser:    options.NoBrowser,
+		CallbackPort: options.CallbackPort,
+		Metadata:     map[string]string{},
+		Prompt:       promptFn,
 	}
 
 	_, savedPath, err := manager.Login(context.Background(), "codex", cfg, authOpts)
 	if err != nil {
-		var authErr *codex.AuthenticationError
-		if errors.As(err, &authErr) {
+		if authErr, ok := errors.AsType[*codex.AuthenticationError](err); ok {
 			log.Error(codex.GetUserFriendlyMessage(authErr))
 			if authErr.Type == codex.ErrPortInUse.Type {
 				os.Exit(codex.ErrPortInUse.Code)

internal/cmd/qwen_login.go

@@ -36,15 +36,15 @@ func DoQwenLogin(cfg *config.Config, options *LoginOptions) {
 	}
 
 	authOpts := &sdkAuth.LoginOptions{
-		NoBrowser: options.NoBrowser,
-		Metadata:  map[string]string{},
-		Prompt:    promptFn,
+		NoBrowser:    options.NoBrowser,
+		CallbackPort: options.CallbackPort,
+		Metadata:     map[string]string{},
+		Prompt:       promptFn,
 	}
 
 	_, savedPath, err := manager.Login(context.Background(), "qwen", cfg, authOpts)
 	if err != nil {
-		var emailErr *sdkAuth.EmailRequiredError
-		if errors.As(err, &emailErr) {
+		if emailErr, ok := errors.AsType[*sdkAuth.EmailRequiredError](err); ok {
 			log.Error(emailErr.Error())
 			return
 		}

internal/cmd/run.go

@@ -55,6 +55,34 @@ func StartService(cfg *config.Config, configPath string, localPassword string) {
 	}
 }
 
+// StartServiceBackground starts the proxy service in a background goroutine
+// and returns a cancel function for shutdown and a done channel.
+func StartServiceBackground(cfg *config.Config, configPath string, localPassword string) (cancel func(), done <-chan struct{}) {
+	builder := cliproxy.NewBuilder().
+		WithConfig(cfg).
+		WithConfigPath(configPath).
+		WithLocalManagementPassword(localPassword)
+
+	ctx, cancelFn := context.WithCancel(context.Background())
+	doneCh := make(chan struct{})
+
+	service, err := builder.Build()
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Errorf("failed to build proxy service: %v", err)
+		close(doneCh)
+		return cancelFn, doneCh
+	}
+
+	go func() {
+		defer close(doneCh)
+		if err := service.Run(ctx); err != nil && !errors.Is(err, context.Canceled) {
+			log.Errorf("proxy service exited with error: %v", err)
+		}
+	}()
+
+	return cancelFn, doneCh
+}
+
 // WaitForCloudDeploy waits indefinitely for shutdown signals in cloud deploy mode
 // when no configuration file is available.
 func WaitForCloudDeploy() {

internal/config/config.go

@@ -6,17 +6,22 @@ package config
 
 import (
 	"bytes"
+	"encoding/json"
 	"errors"
 	"fmt"
 	"os"
 	"strings"
 	"syscall"
 
+	log "github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
 	"golang.org/x/crypto/bcrypt"
 	"gopkg.in/yaml.v3"
 )
 
-const DefaultPanelGitHubRepository = "https://github.com/router-for-me/Cli-Proxy-API-Management-Center"
+const (
+	DefaultPanelGitHubRepository = "https://github.com/router-for-me/Cli-Proxy-API-Management-Center"
+	DefaultPprofAddr             = "127.0.0.1:8316"
+)
 
 // Config represents the application's configuration, loaded from a YAML file.
 type Config struct {
@@ -39,6 +44,9 @@ type Config struct {
 	// Debug enables or disables debug-level logging and other debug features.
 	Debug bool `yaml:"debug" json:"debug"`
 
+	// Pprof config controls the optional pprof HTTP debug server.
+	Pprof PprofConfig `yaml:"pprof" json:"pprof"`
+
 	// CommercialMode disables high-overhead HTTP middleware features to minimize per-request memory usage.
 	CommercialMode bool `yaml:"commercial-mode" json:"commercial-mode"`
 
@@ -49,6 +57,10 @@ type Config struct {
 	// When exceeded, the oldest log files are deleted until within the limit. Set to 0 to disable.
 	LogsMaxTotalSizeMB int `yaml:"logs-max-total-size-mb" json:"logs-max-total-size-mb"`
 
+	// ErrorLogsMaxFiles limits the number of error log files retained when request logging is disabled.
+	// When exceeded, the oldest error log files are deleted. Default is 10. Set to 0 to disable cleanup.
+	ErrorLogsMaxFiles int `yaml:"error-logs-max-files" json:"error-logs-max-files"`
+
 	// UsageStatisticsEnabled toggles in-memory usage aggregation; when false, usage data is discarded.
 	UsageStatisticsEnabled bool `yaml:"usage-statistics-enabled" json:"usage-statistics-enabled"`
 
@@ -85,6 +97,10 @@ type Config struct {
 	// ClaudeKey defines a list of Claude API key configurations as specified in the YAML configuration file.
 	ClaudeKey []ClaudeKey `yaml:"claude-api-key" json:"claude-api-key"`
 
+	// ClaudeHeaderDefaults configures default header values for Claude API requests.
+	// These are used as fallbacks when the client does not send its own headers.
+	ClaudeHeaderDefaults ClaudeHeaderDefaults `yaml:"claude-header-defaults" json:"claude-header-defaults"`
+
 	// OpenAICompatibility defines OpenAI API compatibility configurations for external providers.
 	OpenAICompatibility []OpenAICompatibility `yaml:"openai-compatibility" json:"openai-compatibility"`
 
@@ -96,15 +112,16 @@ type Config struct {
 	AmpCode AmpCode `yaml:"ampcode" json:"ampcode"`
 
 	// OAuthExcludedModels defines per-provider global model exclusions applied to OAuth/file-backed auth entries.
+	// Supported channels: gemini-cli, vertex, aistudio, antigravity, claude, codex, qwen, iflow, kiro, github-copilot.
 	OAuthExcludedModels map[string][]string `yaml:"oauth-excluded-models,omitempty" json:"oauth-excluded-models,omitempty"`
 
-	// OAuthModelMappings defines global model name mappings for OAuth/file-backed auth channels.
-	// These mappings affect both model listing and model routing for supported channels:
-	// gemini-cli, vertex, aistudio, antigravity, claude, codex, qwen, iflow.
+	// OAuthModelAlias defines global model name aliases for OAuth/file-backed auth channels.
+	// These aliases affect both model listing and model routing for supported channels:
+	// gemini-cli, vertex, aistudio, antigravity, claude, codex, qwen, iflow, kiro, github-copilot.
 	//
 	// NOTE: This does not apply to existing per-credential model alias features under:
 	// gemini-api-key, codex-api-key, claude-api-key, openai-compatibility, vertex-api-key, and ampcode.
-	OAuthModelMappings map[string][]ModelNameMapping `yaml:"oauth-model-mappings,omitempty" json:"oauth-model-mappings,omitempty"`
+	OAuthModelAlias map[string][]OAuthModelAlias `yaml:"oauth-model-alias,omitempty" json:"oauth-model-alias,omitempty"`
 
 	// Payload defines default and override rules for provider payload parameters.
 	Payload PayloadConfig `yaml:"payload" json:"payload"`
@@ -117,6 +134,15 @@ type Config struct {
 	legacyMigrationPending bool `yaml:"-" json:"-"`
 }
 
+// ClaudeHeaderDefaults configures default header values injected into Claude API requests
+// when the client does not send them. Update these when Claude Code releases a new version.
+type ClaudeHeaderDefaults struct {
+	UserAgent      string `yaml:"user-agent" json:"user-agent"`
+	PackageVersion string `yaml:"package-version" json:"package-version"`
+	RuntimeVersion string `yaml:"runtime-version" json:"runtime-version"`
+	Timeout        string `yaml:"timeout" json:"timeout"`
+}
+
 // TLSConfig holds HTTPS server settings.
 type TLSConfig struct {
 	// Enable toggles HTTPS server mode.
@@ -127,6 +153,14 @@ type TLSConfig struct {
 	Key string `yaml:"key" json:"key"`
 }
 
+// PprofConfig holds pprof HTTP server settings.
+type PprofConfig struct {
+	// Enable toggles the pprof HTTP debug server.
+	Enable bool `yaml:"enable" json:"enable"`
+	// Addr is the host:port address for the pprof HTTP server.
+	Addr string `yaml:"addr" json:"addr"`
+}
+
 // RemoteManagement holds management API configuration under 'remote-management'.
 type RemoteManagement struct {
 	// AllowRemote toggles remote (non-localhost) access to management API.
@@ -157,11 +191,11 @@ type RoutingConfig struct {
 	Strategy string `yaml:"strategy,omitempty" json:"strategy,omitempty"`
 }
 
-// ModelNameMapping defines a model ID mapping for a specific channel.
+// OAuthModelAlias defines a model ID alias for a specific channel.
 // It maps the upstream model name (Name) to the client-visible alias (Alias).
 // When Fork is true, the alias is added as an additional model in listings while
 // keeping the original model ID available.
-type ModelNameMapping struct {
+type OAuthModelAlias struct {
 	Name  string `yaml:"name" json:"name"`
 	Alias string `yaml:"alias" json:"alias"`
 	Fork  bool   `yaml:"fork,omitempty" json:"fork,omitempty"`
@@ -228,8 +262,22 @@ type AmpUpstreamAPIKeyEntry struct {
 type PayloadConfig struct {
 	// Default defines rules that only set parameters when they are missing in the payload.
 	Default []PayloadRule `yaml:"default" json:"default"`
+	// DefaultRaw defines rules that set raw JSON values only when they are missing.
+	DefaultRaw []PayloadRule `yaml:"default-raw" json:"default-raw"`
 	// Override defines rules that always set parameters, overwriting any existing values.
 	Override []PayloadRule `yaml:"override" json:"override"`
+	// OverrideRaw defines rules that always set raw JSON values, overwriting any existing values.
+	OverrideRaw []PayloadRule `yaml:"override-raw" json:"override-raw"`
+	// Filter defines rules that remove parameters from the payload by JSON path.
+	Filter []PayloadFilterRule `yaml:"filter" json:"filter"`
+}
+
+// PayloadFilterRule describes a rule to remove specific JSON paths from matching model payloads.
+type PayloadFilterRule struct {
+	// Models lists model entries with name pattern and protocol constraint.
+	Models []PayloadModelRule `yaml:"models" json:"models"`
+	// Params lists JSON paths (gjson/sjson syntax) to remove from the payload.
+	Params []string `yaml:"params" json:"params"`
 }
 
 // PayloadRule describes a single rule targeting a list of models with parameter updates.
@@ -237,6 +285,7 @@ type PayloadRule struct {
 	// Models lists model entries with name pattern and protocol constraint.
 	Models []PayloadModelRule `yaml:"models" json:"models"`
 	// Params maps JSON paths (gjson/sjson syntax) to values written into the payload.
+	// For *-raw rules, values are treated as raw JSON fragments (strings are used as-is).
 	Params map[string]any `yaml:"params" json:"params"`
 }
 
@@ -248,12 +297,35 @@ type PayloadModelRule struct {
 	Protocol string `yaml:"protocol" json:"protocol"`
 }
 
+// CloakConfig configures request cloaking for non-Claude-Code clients.
+// Cloaking disguises API requests to appear as originating from the official Claude Code CLI.
+type CloakConfig struct {
+	// Mode controls cloaking behavior: "auto" (default), "always", or "never".
+	// - "auto": cloak only when client is not Claude Code (based on User-Agent)
+	// - "always": always apply cloaking regardless of client
+	// - "never": never apply cloaking
+	Mode string `yaml:"mode,omitempty" json:"mode,omitempty"`
+
+	// StrictMode controls how system prompts are handled when cloaking.
+	// - false (default): prepend Claude Code prompt to user system messages
+	// - true: strip all user system messages, keep only Claude Code prompt
+	StrictMode bool `yaml:"strict-mode,omitempty" json:"strict-mode,omitempty"`
+
+	// SensitiveWords is a list of words to obfuscate with zero-width characters.
+	// This can help bypass certain content filters.
+	SensitiveWords []string `yaml:"sensitive-words,omitempty" json:"sensitive-words,omitempty"`
+}
+
 // ClaudeKey represents the configuration for a Claude API key,
 // including the API key itself and an optional base URL for the API endpoint.
 type ClaudeKey struct {
 	// APIKey is the authentication key for accessing Claude API services.
 	APIKey string `yaml:"api-key" json:"api-key"`
 
+	// Priority controls selection preference when multiple credentials match.
+	// Higher values are preferred; defaults to 0.
+	Priority int `yaml:"priority,omitempty" json:"priority,omitempty"`
+
 	// Prefix optionally namespaces models for this credential (e.g., "teamA/claude-sonnet-4").
 	Prefix string `yaml:"prefix,omitempty" json:"prefix,omitempty"`
 
@@ -272,8 +344,14 @@ type ClaudeKey struct {
 
 	// ExcludedModels lists model IDs that should be excluded for this provider.
 	ExcludedModels []string `yaml:"excluded-models,omitempty" json:"excluded-models,omitempty"`
+
+	// Cloak configures request cloaking for non-Claude-Code clients.
+	Cloak *CloakConfig `yaml:"cloak,omitempty" json:"cloak,omitempty"`
 }
 
+func (k ClaudeKey) GetAPIKey() string  { return k.APIKey }
+func (k ClaudeKey) GetBaseURL() string { return k.BaseURL }
+
 // ClaudeModel describes a mapping between an alias and the actual upstream model name.
 type ClaudeModel struct {
 	// Name is the upstream model identifier used when issuing requests.
@@ -292,6 +370,10 @@ type CodexKey struct {
 	// APIKey is the authentication key for accessing Codex API services.
 	APIKey string `yaml:"api-key" json:"api-key"`
 
+	// Priority controls selection preference when multiple credentials match.
+	// Higher values are preferred; defaults to 0.
+	Priority int `yaml:"priority,omitempty" json:"priority,omitempty"`
+
 	// Prefix optionally namespaces models for this credential (e.g., "teamA/gpt-5-codex").
 	Prefix string `yaml:"prefix,omitempty" json:"prefix,omitempty"`
 
@@ -299,6 +381,9 @@ type CodexKey struct {
 	// If empty, the default Codex API URL will be used.
 	BaseURL string `yaml:"base-url" json:"base-url"`
 
+	// Websockets enables the Responses API websocket transport for this credential.
+	Websockets bool `yaml:"websockets,omitempty" json:"websockets,omitempty"`
+
 	// ProxyURL overrides the global proxy setting for this API key if provided.
 	ProxyURL string `yaml:"proxy-url" json:"proxy-url"`
 
@@ -312,6 +397,9 @@ type CodexKey struct {
 	ExcludedModels []string `yaml:"excluded-models,omitempty" json:"excluded-models,omitempty"`
 }
 
+func (k CodexKey) GetAPIKey() string  { return k.APIKey }
+func (k CodexKey) GetBaseURL() string { return k.BaseURL }
+
 // CodexModel describes a mapping between an alias and the actual upstream model name.
 type CodexModel struct {
 	// Name is the upstream model identifier used when issuing requests.
@@ -330,6 +418,10 @@ type GeminiKey struct {
 	// APIKey is the authentication key for accessing Gemini API services.
 	APIKey string `yaml:"api-key" json:"api-key"`
 
+	// Priority controls selection preference when multiple credentials match.
+	// Higher values are preferred; defaults to 0.
+	Priority int `yaml:"priority,omitempty" json:"priority,omitempty"`
+
 	// Prefix optionally namespaces models for this credential (e.g., "teamA/gemini-3-pro-preview").
 	Prefix string `yaml:"prefix,omitempty" json:"prefix,omitempty"`
 
@@ -349,6 +441,9 @@ type GeminiKey struct {
 	ExcludedModels []string `yaml:"excluded-models,omitempty" json:"excluded-models,omitempty"`
 }
 
+func (k GeminiKey) GetAPIKey() string  { return k.APIKey }
+func (k GeminiKey) GetBaseURL() string { return k.BaseURL }
+
 // GeminiModel describes a mapping between an alias and the actual upstream model name.
 type GeminiModel struct {
 	// Name is the upstream model identifier used when issuing requests.
@@ -396,6 +491,10 @@ type OpenAICompatibility struct {
 	// Name is the identifier for this OpenAI compatibility configuration.
 	Name string `yaml:"name" json:"name"`
 
+	// Priority controls selection preference when multiple providers or credentials match.
+	// Higher values are preferred; defaults to 0.
+	Priority int `yaml:"priority,omitempty" json:"priority,omitempty"`
+
 	// Prefix optionally namespaces model aliases for this provider (e.g., "teamA/kimi-k2").
 	Prefix string `yaml:"prefix,omitempty" json:"prefix,omitempty"`
 
@@ -431,6 +530,9 @@ type OpenAICompatibilityModel struct {
 	Alias string `yaml:"alias" json:"alias"`
 }
 
+func (m OpenAICompatibilityModel) GetName() string  { return m.Name }
+func (m OpenAICompatibilityModel) GetAlias() string { return m.Alias }
+
 // LoadConfig reads a YAML configuration file from the given path,
 // unmarshals it into a Config struct, applies environment variable overrides,
 // and returns it.
@@ -449,6 +551,16 @@ func LoadConfig(configFile string) (*Config, error) {
 // If optional is true and the file is missing, it returns an empty Config.
 // If optional is true and the file is empty or invalid, it returns an empty Config.
 func LoadConfigOptional(configFile string, optional bool) (*Config, error) {
+	// NOTE: Startup oauth-model-alias migration is intentionally disabled.
+	// Reason: avoid mutating config.yaml during server startup.
+	// Re-enable the block below if automatic startup migration is needed again.
+	// if migrated, err := MigrateOAuthModelAlias(configFile); err != nil {
+	// 	// Log warning but don't fail - config loading should still work
+	// 	fmt.Printf("Warning: oauth-model-alias migration failed: %v\n", err)
+	// } else if migrated {
+	// 	fmt.Println("Migrated oauth-model-mappings to oauth-model-alias")
+	// }
+
 	// Read the entire configuration file into memory.
 	data, err := os.ReadFile(configFile)
 	if err != nil {
@@ -472,8 +584,11 @@ func LoadConfigOptional(configFile string, optional bool) (*Config, error) {
 	cfg.Host = "" // Default empty: binds to all interfaces (IPv4 + IPv6)
 	cfg.LoggingToFile = false
 	cfg.LogsMaxTotalSizeMB = 0
+	cfg.ErrorLogsMaxFiles = 10
 	cfg.UsageStatisticsEnabled = false
 	cfg.DisableCooling = false
+	cfg.Pprof.Enable = false
+	cfg.Pprof.Addr = DefaultPprofAddr
 	cfg.AmpCode.RestrictManagementToLocalhost = false // Default to false: API key auth is sufficient
 	cfg.RemoteManagement.PanelGitHubRepository = DefaultPanelGitHubRepository
 	cfg.IncognitoBrowser = false // Default to normal browser (AWS uses incognito by force)
@@ -485,18 +600,21 @@ func LoadConfigOptional(configFile string, optional bool) (*Config, error) {
 		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to parse config file: %w", err)
 	}
 
-	var legacy legacyConfigData
-	if errLegacy := yaml.Unmarshal(data, &legacy); errLegacy == nil {
-		if cfg.migrateLegacyGeminiKeys(legacy.LegacyGeminiKeys) {
-			cfg.legacyMigrationPending = true
-		}
-		if cfg.migrateLegacyOpenAICompatibilityKeys(legacy.OpenAICompat) {
-			cfg.legacyMigrationPending = true
-		}
-		if cfg.migrateLegacyAmpConfig(&legacy) {
-			cfg.legacyMigrationPending = true
-		}
-	}
+	// NOTE: Startup legacy key migration is intentionally disabled.
+	// Reason: avoid mutating config.yaml during server startup.
+	// Re-enable the block below if automatic startup migration is needed again.
+	// var legacy legacyConfigData
+	// if errLegacy := yaml.Unmarshal(data, &legacy); errLegacy == nil {
+	// 	if cfg.migrateLegacyGeminiKeys(legacy.LegacyGeminiKeys) {
+	// 		cfg.legacyMigrationPending = true
+	// 	}
+	// 	if cfg.migrateLegacyOpenAICompatibilityKeys(legacy.OpenAICompat) {
+	// 		cfg.legacyMigrationPending = true
+	// 	}
+	// 	if cfg.migrateLegacyAmpConfig(&legacy) {
+	// 		cfg.legacyMigrationPending = true
+	// 	}
+	// }
 
 	// Hash remote management key if plaintext is detected (nested)
 	// We consider a value to be already hashed if it looks like a bcrypt hash ($2a$, $2b$, or $2y$ prefix).
@@ -517,12 +635,18 @@ func LoadConfigOptional(configFile string, optional bool) (*Config, error) {
 		cfg.RemoteManagement.PanelGitHubRepository = DefaultPanelGitHubRepository
 	}
 
+	cfg.Pprof.Addr = strings.TrimSpace(cfg.Pprof.Addr)
+	if cfg.Pprof.Addr == "" {
+		cfg.Pprof.Addr = DefaultPprofAddr
+	}
+
 	if cfg.LogsMaxTotalSizeMB < 0 {
 		cfg.LogsMaxTotalSizeMB = 0
 	}
 
-	// Sync request authentication providers with inline API keys for backwards compatibility.
-	syncInlineAccessProvider(&cfg)
+	if cfg.ErrorLogsMaxFiles < 0 {
+		cfg.ErrorLogsMaxFiles = 10
+	}
 
 	// Sanitize Gemini API key configuration and migrate legacy entries.
 	cfg.SanitizeGeminiKeys()
@@ -545,67 +669,152 @@ func LoadConfigOptional(configFile string, optional bool) (*Config, error) {
 	// Normalize OAuth provider model exclusion map.
 	cfg.OAuthExcludedModels = NormalizeOAuthExcludedModels(cfg.OAuthExcludedModels)
 
-	// Normalize global OAuth model name mappings.
-	cfg.SanitizeOAuthModelMappings()
+	// Normalize global OAuth model name aliases.
+	cfg.SanitizeOAuthModelAlias()
 
-	if cfg.legacyMigrationPending {
-		fmt.Println("Detected legacy configuration keys, attempting to persist the normalized config...")
-		if !optional && configFile != "" {
-			if err := SaveConfigPreserveComments(configFile, &cfg); err != nil {
-				return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to persist migrated legacy config: %w", err)
-			}
-			fmt.Println("Legacy configuration normalized and persisted.")
-		} else {
-			fmt.Println("Legacy configuration normalized in memory; persistence skipped.")
-		}
-	}
+	// Validate raw payload rules and drop invalid entries.
+	cfg.SanitizePayloadRules()
+
+	// NOTE: Legacy migration persistence is intentionally disabled together with
+	// startup legacy migration to keep startup read-only for config.yaml.
+	// Re-enable the block below if automatic startup migration is needed again.
+	// if cfg.legacyMigrationPending {
+	// 	fmt.Println("Detected legacy configuration keys, attempting to persist the normalized config...")
+	// 	if !optional && configFile != "" {
+	// 		if err := SaveConfigPreserveComments(configFile, &cfg); err != nil {
+	// 			return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to persist migrated legacy config: %w", err)
+	// 		}
+	// 		fmt.Println("Legacy configuration normalized and persisted.")
+	// 	} else {
+	// 		fmt.Println("Legacy configuration normalized in memory; persistence skipped.")
+	// 	}
+	// }
 
 	// Return the populated configuration struct.
 	return &cfg, nil
 }
 
-// SanitizeOAuthModelMappings normalizes and deduplicates global OAuth model name mappings.
-// It trims whitespace, normalizes channel keys to lower-case, drops empty entries,
-// and ensures (From, To) pairs are unique within each channel.
-func (cfg *Config) SanitizeOAuthModelMappings() {
-	if cfg == nil || len(cfg.OAuthModelMappings) == 0 {
+// SanitizePayloadRules validates raw JSON payload rule params and drops invalid rules.
+func (cfg *Config) SanitizePayloadRules() {
+	if cfg == nil {
 		return
 	}
-	out := make(map[string][]ModelNameMapping, len(cfg.OAuthModelMappings))
-	for rawChannel, mappings := range cfg.OAuthModelMappings {
-		channel := strings.ToLower(strings.TrimSpace(rawChannel))
-		if channel == "" || len(mappings) == 0 {
+	cfg.Payload.DefaultRaw = sanitizePayloadRawRules(cfg.Payload.DefaultRaw, "default-raw")
+	cfg.Payload.OverrideRaw = sanitizePayloadRawRules(cfg.Payload.OverrideRaw, "override-raw")
+}
+
+func sanitizePayloadRawRules(rules []PayloadRule, section string) []PayloadRule {
+	if len(rules) == 0 {
+		return rules
+	}
+	out := make([]PayloadRule, 0, len(rules))
+	for i := range rules {
+		rule := rules[i]
+		if len(rule.Params) == 0 {
 			continue
 		}
-		seenName := make(map[string]struct{}, len(mappings))
-		seenAlias := make(map[string]struct{}, len(mappings))
-		clean := make([]ModelNameMapping, 0, len(mappings))
-		for _, mapping := range mappings {
-			name := strings.TrimSpace(mapping.Name)
-			alias := strings.TrimSpace(mapping.Alias)
+		invalid := false
+		for path, value := range rule.Params {
+			raw, ok := payloadRawString(value)
+			if !ok {
+				continue
+			}
+			trimmed := bytes.TrimSpace(raw)
+			if len(trimmed) == 0 || !json.Valid(trimmed) {
+				log.WithFields(log.Fields{
+					"section":    section,
+					"rule_index": i + 1,
+					"param":      path,
+				}).Warn("payload rule dropped: invalid raw JSON")
+				invalid = true
+				break
+			}
+		}
+		if invalid {
+			continue
+		}
+		out = append(out, rule)
+	}
+	return out
+}
+
+func payloadRawString(value any) ([]byte, bool) {
+	switch typed := value.(type) {
+	case string:
+		return []byte(typed), true
+	case []byte:
+		return typed, true
+	default:
+		return nil, false
+	}
+}
+
+// SanitizeOAuthModelAlias normalizes and deduplicates global OAuth model name aliases.
+// It trims whitespace, normalizes channel keys to lower-case, drops empty entries,
+// allows multiple aliases per upstream name, and ensures aliases are unique within each channel.
+// It also injects default aliases for channels that have built-in defaults (e.g., kiro)
+// when no user-configured aliases exist for those channels.
+func (cfg *Config) SanitizeOAuthModelAlias() {
+	if cfg == nil {
+		return
+	}
+
+	// Inject default Kiro aliases if no user-configured kiro aliases exist
+	if cfg.OAuthModelAlias == nil {
+		cfg.OAuthModelAlias = make(map[string][]OAuthModelAlias)
+	}
+	if _, hasKiro := cfg.OAuthModelAlias["kiro"]; !hasKiro {
+		// Check case-insensitive too
+		found := false
+		for k := range cfg.OAuthModelAlias {
+			if strings.EqualFold(strings.TrimSpace(k), "kiro") {
+				found = true
+				break
+			}
+		}
+		if !found {
+			cfg.OAuthModelAlias["kiro"] = defaultKiroAliases()
+		}
+	}
+
+	if len(cfg.OAuthModelAlias) == 0 {
+		return
+	}
+	out := make(map[string][]OAuthModelAlias, len(cfg.OAuthModelAlias))
+	for rawChannel, aliases := range cfg.OAuthModelAlias {
+		channel := strings.ToLower(strings.TrimSpace(rawChannel))
+		if channel == "" {
+			continue
+		}
+		// Preserve channels that were explicitly set to empty/nil – they act
+		// as "disabled" markers so default injection won't re-add them (#222).
+		if len(aliases) == 0 {
+			out[channel] = nil
+			continue
+		}
+		seenAlias := make(map[string]struct{}, len(aliases))
+		clean := make([]OAuthModelAlias, 0, len(aliases))
+		for _, entry := range aliases {
+			name := strings.TrimSpace(entry.Name)
+			alias := strings.TrimSpace(entry.Alias)
 			if name == "" || alias == "" {
 				continue
 			}
 			if strings.EqualFold(name, alias) {
 				continue
 			}
-			nameKey := strings.ToLower(name)
 			aliasKey := strings.ToLower(alias)
-			if _, ok := seenName[nameKey]; ok {
-				continue
-			}
 			if _, ok := seenAlias[aliasKey]; ok {
 				continue
 			}
-			seenName[nameKey] = struct{}{}
 			seenAlias[aliasKey] = struct{}{}
-			clean = append(clean, ModelNameMapping{Name: name, Alias: alias, Fork: mapping.Fork})
+			clean = append(clean, OAuthModelAlias{Name: name, Alias: alias, Fork: entry.Fork})
 		}
 		if len(clean) > 0 {
 			out[channel] = clean
 		}
 	}
-	cfg.OAuthModelMappings = out
+	cfg.OAuthModelAlias = out
 }
 
 // SanitizeOpenAICompatibility removes OpenAI-compatibility provider entries that are
@@ -722,18 +931,6 @@ func normalizeModelPrefix(prefix string) string {
 	return trimmed
 }
 
-func syncInlineAccessProvider(cfg *Config) {
-	if cfg == nil {
-		return
-	}
-	if len(cfg.APIKeys) == 0 {
-		if provider := cfg.ConfigAPIKeyProvider(); provider != nil && len(provider.APIKeys) > 0 {
-			cfg.APIKeys = append([]string(nil), provider.APIKeys...)
-		}
-	}
-	cfg.Access.Providers = nil
-}
-
 // looksLikeBcrypt returns true if the provided string appears to be a bcrypt hash.
 func looksLikeBcrypt(s string) bool {
 	return len(s) > 4 && (s[:4] == "$2a$" || s[:4] == "$2b$" || s[:4] == "$2y$")
@@ -821,7 +1018,7 @@ func hashSecret(secret string) (string, error) {
 // SaveConfigPreserveComments writes the config back to YAML while preserving existing comments
 // and key ordering by loading the original file into a yaml.Node tree and updating values in-place.
 func SaveConfigPreserveComments(configFile string, cfg *Config) error {
-	persistCfg := sanitizeConfigForPersist(cfg)
+	persistCfg := cfg
 	// Load original YAML as a node tree to preserve comments and ordering.
 	data, err := os.ReadFile(configFile)
 	if err != nil {
@@ -862,6 +1059,7 @@ func SaveConfigPreserveComments(configFile string, cfg *Config) error {
 	removeLegacyGenerativeLanguageKeys(original.Content[0])
 
 	pruneMappingToGeneratedKeys(original.Content[0], generated.Content[0], "oauth-excluded-models")
+	pruneMappingToGeneratedKeys(original.Content[0], generated.Content[0], "oauth-model-alias")
 
 	// Merge generated into original in-place, preserving comments/order of existing nodes.
 	mergeMappingPreserve(original.Content[0], generated.Content[0])
@@ -888,16 +1086,6 @@ func SaveConfigPreserveComments(configFile string, cfg *Config) error {
 	return err
 }
 
-func sanitizeConfigForPersist(cfg *Config) *Config {
-	if cfg == nil {
-		return nil
-	}
-	clone := *cfg
-	clone.SDKConfig = cfg.SDKConfig
-	clone.SDKConfig.Access = AccessConfig{}
-	return &clone
-}
-
 // SaveConfigPreserveCommentsUpdateNestedScalar updates a nested scalar key path like ["a","b"]
 // while preserving comments and positions.
 func SaveConfigPreserveCommentsUpdateNestedScalar(configFile string, path []string, value string) error {
@@ -994,8 +1182,13 @@ func getOrCreateMapValue(mapNode *yaml.Node, key string) *yaml.Node {
 
 // mergeMappingPreserve merges keys from src into dst mapping node while preserving
 // key order and comments of existing keys in dst. New keys are only added if their
-// value is non-zero to avoid polluting the config with defaults.
-func mergeMappingPreserve(dst, src *yaml.Node) {
+// value is non-zero and not a known default to avoid polluting the config with defaults.
+func mergeMappingPreserve(dst, src *yaml.Node, path ...[]string) {
+	var currentPath []string
+	if len(path) > 0 {
+		currentPath = path[0]
+	}
+
 	if dst == nil || src == nil {
 		return
 	}
@@ -1009,16 +1202,19 @@ func mergeMappingPreserve(dst, src *yaml.Node) {
 		sk := src.Content[i]
 		sv := src.Content[i+1]
 		idx := findMapKeyIndex(dst, sk.Value)
+		childPath := appendPath(currentPath, sk.Value)
 		if idx >= 0 {
 			// Merge into existing value node (always update, even to zero values)
 			dv := dst.Content[idx+1]
-			mergeNodePreserve(dv, sv)
+			mergeNodePreserve(dv, sv, childPath)
 		} else {
-			// New key: only add if value is non-zero to avoid polluting config with defaults
-			if isZeroValueNode(sv) {
+			// New key: only add if value is non-zero and not a known default
+			candidate := deepCopyNode(sv)
+			pruneKnownDefaultsInNewNode(childPath, candidate)
+			if isKnownDefaultValue(childPath, candidate) {
 				continue
 			}
-			dst.Content = append(dst.Content, deepCopyNode(sk), deepCopyNode(sv))
+			dst.Content = append(dst.Content, deepCopyNode(sk), candidate)
 		}
 	}
 }
@@ -1026,7 +1222,12 @@ func mergeMappingPreserve(dst, src *yaml.Node) {
 // mergeNodePreserve merges src into dst for scalars, mappings and sequences while
 // reusing destination nodes to keep comments and anchors. For sequences, it updates
 // in-place by index.
-func mergeNodePreserve(dst, src *yaml.Node) {
+func mergeNodePreserve(dst, src *yaml.Node, path ...[]string) {
+	var currentPath []string
+	if len(path) > 0 {
+		currentPath = path[0]
+	}
+
 	if dst == nil || src == nil {
 		return
 	}
@@ -1035,7 +1236,7 @@ func mergeNodePreserve(dst, src *yaml.Node) {
 		if dst.Kind != yaml.MappingNode {
 			copyNodeShallow(dst, src)
 		}
-		mergeMappingPreserve(dst, src)
+		mergeMappingPreserve(dst, src, currentPath)
 	case yaml.SequenceNode:
 		// Preserve explicit null style if dst was null and src is empty sequence
 		if dst.Kind == yaml.ScalarNode && dst.Tag == "!!null" && len(src.Content) == 0 {
@@ -1058,7 +1259,7 @@ func mergeNodePreserve(dst, src *yaml.Node) {
 				dst.Content[i] = deepCopyNode(src.Content[i])
 				continue
 			}
-			mergeNodePreserve(dst.Content[i], src.Content[i])
+			mergeNodePreserve(dst.Content[i], src.Content[i], currentPath)
 			if dst.Content[i] != nil && src.Content[i] != nil &&
 				dst.Content[i].Kind == yaml.MappingNode && src.Content[i].Kind == yaml.MappingNode {
 				pruneMissingMapKeys(dst.Content[i], src.Content[i])
@@ -1100,6 +1301,94 @@ func findMapKeyIndex(mapNode *yaml.Node, key string) int {
 	return -1
 }
 
+// appendPath appends a key to the path, returning a new slice to avoid modifying the original.
+func appendPath(path []string, key string) []string {
+	if len(path) == 0 {
+		return []string{key}
+	}
+	newPath := make([]string, len(path)+1)
+	copy(newPath, path)
+	newPath[len(path)] = key
+	return newPath
+}
+
+// isKnownDefaultValue returns true if the given node at the specified path
+// represents a known default value that should not be written to the config file.
+// This prevents non-zero defaults from polluting the config.
+func isKnownDefaultValue(path []string, node *yaml.Node) bool {
+	// First check if it's a zero value
+	if isZeroValueNode(node) {
+		return true
+	}
+
+	// Match known non-zero defaults by exact dotted path.
+	if len(path) == 0 {
+		return false
+	}
+
+	fullPath := strings.Join(path, ".")
+
+	// Check string defaults
+	if node.Kind == yaml.ScalarNode && node.Tag == "!!str" {
+		switch fullPath {
+		case "pprof.addr":
+			return node.Value == DefaultPprofAddr
+		case "remote-management.panel-github-repository":
+			return node.Value == DefaultPanelGitHubRepository
+		case "routing.strategy":
+			return node.Value == "round-robin"
+		}
+	}
+
+	// Check integer defaults
+	if node.Kind == yaml.ScalarNode && node.Tag == "!!int" {
+		switch fullPath {
+		case "error-logs-max-files":
+			return node.Value == "10"
+		}
+	}
+
+	return false
+}
+
+// pruneKnownDefaultsInNewNode removes default-valued descendants from a new node
+// before it is appended into the destination YAML tree.
+func pruneKnownDefaultsInNewNode(path []string, node *yaml.Node) {
+	if node == nil {
+		return
+	}
+
+	switch node.Kind {
+	case yaml.MappingNode:
+		filtered := make([]*yaml.Node, 0, len(node.Content))
+		for i := 0; i+1 < len(node.Content); i += 2 {
+			keyNode := node.Content[i]
+			valueNode := node.Content[i+1]
+			if keyNode == nil || valueNode == nil {
+				continue
+			}
+
+			childPath := appendPath(path, keyNode.Value)
+			if isKnownDefaultValue(childPath, valueNode) {
+				continue
+			}
+
+			pruneKnownDefaultsInNewNode(childPath, valueNode)
+			if (valueNode.Kind == yaml.MappingNode || valueNode.Kind == yaml.SequenceNode) &&
+				len(valueNode.Content) == 0 {
+				continue
+			}
+
+			filtered = append(filtered, keyNode, valueNode)
+		}
+		node.Content = filtered
+	case yaml.SequenceNode:
+		for _, child := range node.Content {
+			pruneKnownDefaultsInNewNode(path, child)
+		}
+	}
+}
+
 // isZeroValueNode returns true if the YAML node represents a zero/default value
 // that should not be written as a new key to preserve config cleanliness.
 // For mappings and sequences, recursively checks if all children are zero values.
@@ -1352,6 +1641,16 @@ func pruneMappingToGeneratedKeys(dstRoot, srcRoot *yaml.Node, key string) {
 	}
 	srcIdx := findMapKeyIndex(srcRoot, key)
 	if srcIdx < 0 {
+		// Keep an explicit empty mapping for oauth-model-alias when it was previously present.
+		//
+		// Rationale: LoadConfig runs MigrateOAuthModelAlias before unmarshalling. If the
+		// oauth-model-alias key is missing, migration will add the default antigravity aliases.
+		// When users delete the last channel from oauth-model-alias via the management API,
+		// we want that deletion to persist across hot reloads and restarts.
+		if key == "oauth-model-alias" {
+			dstRoot.Content[dstIdx+1] = &yaml.Node{Kind: yaml.MappingNode, Tag: "!!map"}
+			return
+		}
 		removeMapKey(dstRoot, key)
 		return
 	}

internal/config/oauth_model_alias_migration.go

@@ -0,0 +1,299 @@
+package config
+
+import (
+	"os"
+	"strings"
+
+	"gopkg.in/yaml.v3"
+)
+
+// antigravityModelConversionTable maps old built-in aliases to actual model names
+// for the antigravity channel during migration.
+var antigravityModelConversionTable = map[string]string{
+	"gemini-2.5-computer-use-preview-10-2025": "rev19-uic3-1p",
+	"gemini-3-pro-image-preview":              "gemini-3-pro-image",
+	"gemini-3-pro-preview":                    "gemini-3-pro-high",
+	"gemini-3-flash-preview":                  "gemini-3-flash",
+	"gemini-claude-sonnet-4-5":                "claude-sonnet-4-5",
+	"gemini-claude-sonnet-4-5-thinking":       "claude-sonnet-4-5-thinking",
+	"gemini-claude-opus-4-5-thinking":         "claude-opus-4-5-thinking",
+	"gemini-claude-opus-4-6-thinking":         "claude-opus-4-6-thinking",
+}
+
+// defaultKiroAliases returns the default oauth-model-alias configuration
+// for the kiro channel. Maps kiro-prefixed model names to standard Claude model
+// names so that clients like Claude Code can use standard names directly.
+func defaultKiroAliases() []OAuthModelAlias {
+	return []OAuthModelAlias{
+		// Sonnet 4.5
+		{Name: "kiro-claude-sonnet-4-5", Alias: "claude-sonnet-4-5-20250929", Fork: true},
+		{Name: "kiro-claude-sonnet-4-5", Alias: "claude-sonnet-4-5", Fork: true},
+		// Sonnet 4
+		{Name: "kiro-claude-sonnet-4", Alias: "claude-sonnet-4-20250514", Fork: true},
+		{Name: "kiro-claude-sonnet-4", Alias: "claude-sonnet-4", Fork: true},
+		// Opus 4.6
+		{Name: "kiro-claude-opus-4-6", Alias: "claude-opus-4-6", Fork: true},
+		// Opus 4.5
+		{Name: "kiro-claude-opus-4-5", Alias: "claude-opus-4-5-20251101", Fork: true},
+		{Name: "kiro-claude-opus-4-5", Alias: "claude-opus-4-5", Fork: true},
+		// Haiku 4.5
+		{Name: "kiro-claude-haiku-4-5", Alias: "claude-haiku-4-5-20251001", Fork: true},
+		{Name: "kiro-claude-haiku-4-5", Alias: "claude-haiku-4-5", Fork: true},
+	}
+}
+
+// defaultAntigravityAliases returns the default oauth-model-alias configuration
+// for the antigravity channel when neither field exists.
+func defaultAntigravityAliases() []OAuthModelAlias {
+	return []OAuthModelAlias{
+		{Name: "rev19-uic3-1p", Alias: "gemini-2.5-computer-use-preview-10-2025"},
+		{Name: "gemini-3-pro-image", Alias: "gemini-3-pro-image-preview"},
+		{Name: "gemini-3-pro-high", Alias: "gemini-3-pro-preview"},
+		{Name: "gemini-3-flash", Alias: "gemini-3-flash-preview"},
+		{Name: "claude-sonnet-4-5", Alias: "gemini-claude-sonnet-4-5"},
+		{Name: "claude-sonnet-4-5-thinking", Alias: "gemini-claude-sonnet-4-5-thinking"},
+		{Name: "claude-opus-4-5-thinking", Alias: "gemini-claude-opus-4-5-thinking"},
+		{Name: "claude-opus-4-6-thinking", Alias: "gemini-claude-opus-4-6-thinking"},
+	}
+}
+
+// MigrateOAuthModelAlias checks for and performs migration from oauth-model-mappings
+// to oauth-model-alias at startup. Returns true if migration was performed.
+//
+// Migration flow:
+// 1. Check if oauth-model-alias exists -> skip migration
+// 2. Check if oauth-model-mappings exists -> convert and migrate
+//   - For antigravity channel, convert old built-in aliases to actual model names
+//
+// 3. Neither exists -> add default antigravity config
+func MigrateOAuthModelAlias(configFile string) (bool, error) {
+	data, err := os.ReadFile(configFile)
+	if err != nil {
+		if os.IsNotExist(err) {
+			return false, nil
+		}
+		return false, err
+	}
+	if len(data) == 0 {
+		return false, nil
+	}
+
+	// Parse YAML into node tree to preserve structure
+	var root yaml.Node
+	if err := yaml.Unmarshal(data, &root); err != nil {
+		return false, nil
+	}
+	if root.Kind != yaml.DocumentNode || len(root.Content) == 0 {
+		return false, nil
+	}
+	rootMap := root.Content[0]
+	if rootMap == nil || rootMap.Kind != yaml.MappingNode {
+		return false, nil
+	}
+
+	// Check if oauth-model-alias already exists
+	if findMapKeyIndex(rootMap, "oauth-model-alias") >= 0 {
+		return false, nil
+	}
+
+	// Check if oauth-model-mappings exists
+	oldIdx := findMapKeyIndex(rootMap, "oauth-model-mappings")
+	if oldIdx >= 0 {
+		// Migrate from old field
+		return migrateFromOldField(configFile, &root, rootMap, oldIdx)
+	}
+
+	// Neither field exists - add default antigravity config
+	return addDefaultAntigravityConfig(configFile, &root, rootMap)
+}
+
+// migrateFromOldField converts oauth-model-mappings to oauth-model-alias
+func migrateFromOldField(configFile string, root *yaml.Node, rootMap *yaml.Node, oldIdx int) (bool, error) {
+	if oldIdx+1 >= len(rootMap.Content) {
+		return false, nil
+	}
+	oldValue := rootMap.Content[oldIdx+1]
+	if oldValue == nil || oldValue.Kind != yaml.MappingNode {
+		return false, nil
+	}
+
+	// Parse the old aliases
+	oldAliases := parseOldAliasNode(oldValue)
+	if len(oldAliases) == 0 {
+		// Remove the old field and write
+		removeMapKeyByIndex(rootMap, oldIdx)
+		return writeYAMLNode(configFile, root)
+	}
+
+	// Convert model names for antigravity channel
+	newAliases := make(map[string][]OAuthModelAlias, len(oldAliases))
+	for channel, entries := range oldAliases {
+		converted := make([]OAuthModelAlias, 0, len(entries))
+		for _, entry := range entries {
+			newEntry := OAuthModelAlias{
+				Name:  entry.Name,
+				Alias: entry.Alias,
+				Fork:  entry.Fork,
+			}
+			// Convert model names for antigravity channel
+			if strings.EqualFold(channel, "antigravity") {
+				if actual, ok := antigravityModelConversionTable[entry.Name]; ok {
+					newEntry.Name = actual
+				}
+			}
+			converted = append(converted, newEntry)
+		}
+		newAliases[channel] = converted
+	}
+
+	// For antigravity channel, supplement missing default aliases
+	if antigravityEntries, exists := newAliases["antigravity"]; exists {
+		// Build a set of already configured model names (upstream names)
+		configuredModels := make(map[string]bool, len(antigravityEntries))
+		for _, entry := range antigravityEntries {
+			configuredModels[entry.Name] = true
+		}
+
+		// Add missing default aliases
+		for _, defaultAlias := range defaultAntigravityAliases() {
+			if !configuredModels[defaultAlias.Name] {
+				antigravityEntries = append(antigravityEntries, defaultAlias)
+			}
+		}
+		newAliases["antigravity"] = antigravityEntries
+	}
+
+	// Build new node
+	newNode := buildOAuthModelAliasNode(newAliases)
+
+	// Replace old key with new key and value
+	rootMap.Content[oldIdx].Value = "oauth-model-alias"
+	rootMap.Content[oldIdx+1] = newNode
+
+	return writeYAMLNode(configFile, root)
+}
+
+// addDefaultAntigravityConfig adds the default antigravity configuration
+func addDefaultAntigravityConfig(configFile string, root *yaml.Node, rootMap *yaml.Node) (bool, error) {
+	defaults := map[string][]OAuthModelAlias{
+		"antigravity": defaultAntigravityAliases(),
+	}
+	newNode := buildOAuthModelAliasNode(defaults)
+
+	// Add new key-value pair
+	keyNode := &yaml.Node{Kind: yaml.ScalarNode, Tag: "!!str", Value: "oauth-model-alias"}
+	rootMap.Content = append(rootMap.Content, keyNode, newNode)
+
+	return writeYAMLNode(configFile, root)
+}
+
+// parseOldAliasNode parses the old oauth-model-mappings node structure
+func parseOldAliasNode(node *yaml.Node) map[string][]OAuthModelAlias {
+	if node == nil || node.Kind != yaml.MappingNode {
+		return nil
+	}
+	result := make(map[string][]OAuthModelAlias)
+	for i := 0; i+1 < len(node.Content); i += 2 {
+		channelNode := node.Content[i]
+		entriesNode := node.Content[i+1]
+		if channelNode == nil || entriesNode == nil {
+			continue
+		}
+		channel := strings.ToLower(strings.TrimSpace(channelNode.Value))
+		if channel == "" || entriesNode.Kind != yaml.SequenceNode {
+			continue
+		}
+		entries := make([]OAuthModelAlias, 0, len(entriesNode.Content))
+		for _, entryNode := range entriesNode.Content {
+			if entryNode == nil || entryNode.Kind != yaml.MappingNode {
+				continue
+			}
+			entry := parseAliasEntry(entryNode)
+			if entry.Name != "" && entry.Alias != "" {
+				entries = append(entries, entry)
+			}
+		}
+		if len(entries) > 0 {
+			result[channel] = entries
+		}
+	}
+	return result
+}
+
+// parseAliasEntry parses a single alias entry node
+func parseAliasEntry(node *yaml.Node) OAuthModelAlias {
+	var entry OAuthModelAlias
+	for i := 0; i+1 < len(node.Content); i += 2 {
+		keyNode := node.Content[i]
+		valNode := node.Content[i+1]
+		if keyNode == nil || valNode == nil {
+			continue
+		}
+		switch strings.ToLower(strings.TrimSpace(keyNode.Value)) {
+		case "name":
+			entry.Name = strings.TrimSpace(valNode.Value)
+		case "alias":
+			entry.Alias = strings.TrimSpace(valNode.Value)
+		case "fork":
+			entry.Fork = strings.ToLower(strings.TrimSpace(valNode.Value)) == "true"
+		}
+	}
+	return entry
+}
+
+// buildOAuthModelAliasNode creates a YAML node for oauth-model-alias
+func buildOAuthModelAliasNode(aliases map[string][]OAuthModelAlias) *yaml.Node {
+	node := &yaml.Node{Kind: yaml.MappingNode, Tag: "!!map"}
+	for channel, entries := range aliases {
+		channelNode := &yaml.Node{Kind: yaml.ScalarNode, Tag: "!!str", Value: channel}
+		entriesNode := &yaml.Node{Kind: yaml.SequenceNode, Tag: "!!seq"}
+		for _, entry := range entries {
+			entryNode := &yaml.Node{Kind: yaml.MappingNode, Tag: "!!map"}
+			entryNode.Content = append(entryNode.Content,
+				&yaml.Node{Kind: yaml.ScalarNode, Tag: "!!str", Value: "name"},
+				&yaml.Node{Kind: yaml.ScalarNode, Tag: "!!str", Value: entry.Name},
+				&yaml.Node{Kind: yaml.ScalarNode, Tag: "!!str", Value: "alias"},
+				&yaml.Node{Kind: yaml.ScalarNode, Tag: "!!str", Value: entry.Alias},
+			)
+			if entry.Fork {
+				entryNode.Content = append(entryNode.Content,
+					&yaml.Node{Kind: yaml.ScalarNode, Tag: "!!str", Value: "fork"},
+					&yaml.Node{Kind: yaml.ScalarNode, Tag: "!!bool", Value: "true"},
+				)
+			}
+			entriesNode.Content = append(entriesNode.Content, entryNode)
+		}
+		node.Content = append(node.Content, channelNode, entriesNode)
+	}
+	return node
+}
+
+// removeMapKeyByIndex removes a key-value pair from a mapping node by index
+func removeMapKeyByIndex(mapNode *yaml.Node, keyIdx int) {
+	if mapNode == nil || mapNode.Kind != yaml.MappingNode {
+		return
+	}
+	if keyIdx < 0 || keyIdx+1 >= len(mapNode.Content) {
+		return
+	}
+	mapNode.Content = append(mapNode.Content[:keyIdx], mapNode.Content[keyIdx+2:]...)
+}
+
+// writeYAMLNode writes the YAML node tree back to file
+func writeYAMLNode(configFile string, root *yaml.Node) (bool, error) {
+	f, err := os.Create(configFile)
+	if err != nil {
+		return false, err
+	}
+	defer f.Close()
+
+	enc := yaml.NewEncoder(f)
+	enc.SetIndent(2)
+	if err := enc.Encode(root); err != nil {
+		return false, err
+	}
+	if err := enc.Close(); err != nil {
+		return false, err
+	}
+	return true, nil
+}

internal/config/oauth_model_alias_migration_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,245 @@
+package config
+
+import (
+	"os"
+	"path/filepath"
+	"strings"
+	"testing"
+
+	"gopkg.in/yaml.v3"
+)
+
+func TestMigrateOAuthModelAlias_SkipsIfNewFieldExists(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	dir := t.TempDir()
+	configFile := filepath.Join(dir, "config.yaml")
+
+	content := `oauth-model-alias:
+  gemini-cli:
+    - name: "gemini-2.5-pro"
+      alias: "g2.5p"
+`
+	if err := os.WriteFile(configFile, []byte(content), 0644); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	migrated, err := MigrateOAuthModelAlias(configFile)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+	if migrated {
+		t.Fatal("expected no migration when oauth-model-alias already exists")
+	}
+
+	// Verify file unchanged
+	data, _ := os.ReadFile(configFile)
+	if !strings.Contains(string(data), "oauth-model-alias:") {
+		t.Fatal("file should still contain oauth-model-alias")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestMigrateOAuthModelAlias_MigratesOldField(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	dir := t.TempDir()
+	configFile := filepath.Join(dir, "config.yaml")
+
+	content := `oauth-model-mappings:
+  gemini-cli:
+    - name: "gemini-2.5-pro"
+      alias: "g2.5p"
+      fork: true
+`
+	if err := os.WriteFile(configFile, []byte(content), 0644); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	migrated, err := MigrateOAuthModelAlias(configFile)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+	if !migrated {
+		t.Fatal("expected migration to occur")
+	}
+
+	// Verify new field exists and old field removed
+	data, _ := os.ReadFile(configFile)
+	if strings.Contains(string(data), "oauth-model-mappings:") {
+		t.Fatal("old field should be removed")
+	}
+	if !strings.Contains(string(data), "oauth-model-alias:") {
+		t.Fatal("new field should exist")
+	}
+
+	// Parse and verify structure
+	var root yaml.Node
+	if err := yaml.Unmarshal(data, &root); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestMigrateOAuthModelAlias_ConvertsAntigravityModels(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	dir := t.TempDir()
+	configFile := filepath.Join(dir, "config.yaml")
+
+	// Use old model names that should be converted
+	content := `oauth-model-mappings:
+  antigravity:
+    - name: "gemini-2.5-computer-use-preview-10-2025"
+      alias: "computer-use"
+    - name: "gemini-3-pro-preview"
+      alias: "g3p"
+`
+	if err := os.WriteFile(configFile, []byte(content), 0644); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	migrated, err := MigrateOAuthModelAlias(configFile)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+	if !migrated {
+		t.Fatal("expected migration to occur")
+	}
+
+	// Verify model names were converted
+	data, _ := os.ReadFile(configFile)
+	content = string(data)
+	if !strings.Contains(content, "rev19-uic3-1p") {
+		t.Fatal("expected gemini-2.5-computer-use-preview-10-2025 to be converted to rev19-uic3-1p")
+	}
+	if !strings.Contains(content, "gemini-3-pro-high") {
+		t.Fatal("expected gemini-3-pro-preview to be converted to gemini-3-pro-high")
+	}
+
+	// Verify missing default aliases were supplemented
+	if !strings.Contains(content, "gemini-3-pro-image") {
+		t.Fatal("expected missing default alias gemini-3-pro-image to be added")
+	}
+	if !strings.Contains(content, "gemini-3-flash") {
+		t.Fatal("expected missing default alias gemini-3-flash to be added")
+	}
+	if !strings.Contains(content, "claude-sonnet-4-5") {
+		t.Fatal("expected missing default alias claude-sonnet-4-5 to be added")
+	}
+	if !strings.Contains(content, "claude-sonnet-4-5-thinking") {
+		t.Fatal("expected missing default alias claude-sonnet-4-5-thinking to be added")
+	}
+	if !strings.Contains(content, "claude-opus-4-5-thinking") {
+		t.Fatal("expected missing default alias claude-opus-4-5-thinking to be added")
+	}
+	if !strings.Contains(content, "claude-opus-4-6-thinking") {
+		t.Fatal("expected missing default alias claude-opus-4-6-thinking to be added")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestMigrateOAuthModelAlias_AddsDefaultIfNeitherExists(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	dir := t.TempDir()
+	configFile := filepath.Join(dir, "config.yaml")
+
+	content := `debug: true
+port: 8080
+`
+	if err := os.WriteFile(configFile, []byte(content), 0644); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	migrated, err := MigrateOAuthModelAlias(configFile)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+	if !migrated {
+		t.Fatal("expected migration to add default config")
+	}
+
+	// Verify default antigravity config was added
+	data, _ := os.ReadFile(configFile)
+	content = string(data)
+	if !strings.Contains(content, "oauth-model-alias:") {
+		t.Fatal("expected oauth-model-alias to be added")
+	}
+	if !strings.Contains(content, "antigravity:") {
+		t.Fatal("expected antigravity channel to be added")
+	}
+	if !strings.Contains(content, "rev19-uic3-1p") {
+		t.Fatal("expected default antigravity aliases to include rev19-uic3-1p")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestMigrateOAuthModelAlias_PreservesOtherConfig(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	dir := t.TempDir()
+	configFile := filepath.Join(dir, "config.yaml")
+
+	content := `debug: true
+port: 8080
+oauth-model-mappings:
+  gemini-cli:
+    - name: "test"
+      alias: "t"
+api-keys:
+  - "key1"
+  - "key2"
+`
+	if err := os.WriteFile(configFile, []byte(content), 0644); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	migrated, err := MigrateOAuthModelAlias(configFile)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+	if !migrated {
+		t.Fatal("expected migration to occur")
+	}
+
+	// Verify other config preserved
+	data, _ := os.ReadFile(configFile)
+	content = string(data)
+	if !strings.Contains(content, "debug: true") {
+		t.Fatal("expected debug field to be preserved")
+	}
+	if !strings.Contains(content, "port: 8080") {
+		t.Fatal("expected port field to be preserved")
+	}
+	if !strings.Contains(content, "api-keys:") {
+		t.Fatal("expected api-keys field to be preserved")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestMigrateOAuthModelAlias_NonexistentFile(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	migrated, err := MigrateOAuthModelAlias("/nonexistent/path/config.yaml")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("unexpected error for nonexistent file: %v", err)
+	}
+	if migrated {
+		t.Fatal("expected no migration for nonexistent file")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestMigrateOAuthModelAlias_EmptyFile(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	dir := t.TempDir()
+	configFile := filepath.Join(dir, "config.yaml")
+
+	if err := os.WriteFile(configFile, []byte(""), 0644); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	migrated, err := MigrateOAuthModelAlias(configFile)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+	if migrated {
+		t.Fatal("expected no migration for empty file")
+	}
+}

internal/config/oauth_model_alias_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,185 @@
+package config
+
+import "testing"
+
+func TestSanitizeOAuthModelAlias_PreservesForkFlag(t *testing.T) {
+	cfg := &Config{
+		OAuthModelAlias: map[string][]OAuthModelAlias{
+			" CoDeX ": {
+				{Name: " gpt-5 ", Alias: " g5 ", Fork: true},
+				{Name: "gpt-6", Alias: "g6"},
+			},
+		},
+	}
+
+	cfg.SanitizeOAuthModelAlias()
+
+	aliases := cfg.OAuthModelAlias["codex"]
+	if len(aliases) != 2 {
+		t.Fatalf("expected 2 sanitized aliases, got %d", len(aliases))
+	}
+	if aliases[0].Name != "gpt-5" || aliases[0].Alias != "g5" || !aliases[0].Fork {
+		t.Fatalf("expected first alias to be gpt-5->g5 fork=true, got name=%q alias=%q fork=%v", aliases[0].Name, aliases[0].Alias, aliases[0].Fork)
+	}
+	if aliases[1].Name != "gpt-6" || aliases[1].Alias != "g6" || aliases[1].Fork {
+		t.Fatalf("expected second alias to be gpt-6->g6 fork=false, got name=%q alias=%q fork=%v", aliases[1].Name, aliases[1].Alias, aliases[1].Fork)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestSanitizeOAuthModelAlias_AllowsMultipleAliasesForSameName(t *testing.T) {
+	cfg := &Config{
+		OAuthModelAlias: map[string][]OAuthModelAlias{
+			"antigravity": {
+				{Name: "gemini-claude-opus-4-5-thinking", Alias: "claude-opus-4-5-20251101", Fork: true},
+				{Name: "gemini-claude-opus-4-5-thinking", Alias: "claude-opus-4-5-20251101-thinking", Fork: true},
+				{Name: "gemini-claude-opus-4-5-thinking", Alias: "claude-opus-4-5", Fork: true},
+			},
+		},
+	}
+
+	cfg.SanitizeOAuthModelAlias()
+
+	aliases := cfg.OAuthModelAlias["antigravity"]
+	expected := []OAuthModelAlias{
+		{Name: "gemini-claude-opus-4-5-thinking", Alias: "claude-opus-4-5-20251101", Fork: true},
+		{Name: "gemini-claude-opus-4-5-thinking", Alias: "claude-opus-4-5-20251101-thinking", Fork: true},
+		{Name: "gemini-claude-opus-4-5-thinking", Alias: "claude-opus-4-5", Fork: true},
+	}
+	if len(aliases) != len(expected) {
+		t.Fatalf("expected %d sanitized aliases, got %d", len(expected), len(aliases))
+	}
+	for i, exp := range expected {
+		if aliases[i].Name != exp.Name || aliases[i].Alias != exp.Alias || aliases[i].Fork != exp.Fork {
+			t.Fatalf("expected alias %d to be name=%q alias=%q fork=%v, got name=%q alias=%q fork=%v", i, exp.Name, exp.Alias, exp.Fork, aliases[i].Name, aliases[i].Alias, aliases[i].Fork)
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+func TestSanitizeOAuthModelAlias_InjectsDefaultKiroAliases(t *testing.T) {
+	// When no kiro aliases are configured, defaults should be injected
+	cfg := &Config{
+		OAuthModelAlias: map[string][]OAuthModelAlias{
+			"codex": {
+				{Name: "gpt-5", Alias: "g5"},
+			},
+		},
+	}
+
+	cfg.SanitizeOAuthModelAlias()
+
+	kiroAliases := cfg.OAuthModelAlias["kiro"]
+	if len(kiroAliases) == 0 {
+		t.Fatal("expected default kiro aliases to be injected")
+	}
+
+	// Check that standard Claude model names are present
+	aliasSet := make(map[string]bool)
+	for _, a := range kiroAliases {
+		aliasSet[a.Alias] = true
+	}
+	expectedAliases := []string{
+		"claude-sonnet-4-5-20250929",
+		"claude-sonnet-4-5",
+		"claude-sonnet-4-20250514",
+		"claude-sonnet-4",
+		"claude-opus-4-6",
+		"claude-opus-4-5-20251101",
+		"claude-opus-4-5",
+		"claude-haiku-4-5-20251001",
+		"claude-haiku-4-5",
+	}
+	for _, expected := range expectedAliases {
+		if !aliasSet[expected] {
+			t.Fatalf("expected default kiro alias %q to be present", expected)
+		}
+	}
+
+	// All should have fork=true
+	for _, a := range kiroAliases {
+		if !a.Fork {
+			t.Fatalf("expected all default kiro aliases to have fork=true, got fork=false for %q", a.Alias)
+		}
+	}
+
+	// Codex aliases should still be preserved
+	if len(cfg.OAuthModelAlias["codex"]) != 1 {
+		t.Fatal("expected codex aliases to be preserved")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestSanitizeOAuthModelAlias_DoesNotOverrideUserKiroAliases(t *testing.T) {
+	// When user has configured kiro aliases, defaults should NOT be injected
+	cfg := &Config{
+		OAuthModelAlias: map[string][]OAuthModelAlias{
+			"kiro": {
+				{Name: "kiro-claude-sonnet-4", Alias: "my-custom-sonnet", Fork: true},
+			},
+		},
+	}
+
+	cfg.SanitizeOAuthModelAlias()
+
+	kiroAliases := cfg.OAuthModelAlias["kiro"]
+	if len(kiroAliases) != 1 {
+		t.Fatalf("expected 1 user-configured kiro alias, got %d", len(kiroAliases))
+	}
+	if kiroAliases[0].Alias != "my-custom-sonnet" {
+		t.Fatalf("expected user alias to be preserved, got %q", kiroAliases[0].Alias)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestSanitizeOAuthModelAlias_DoesNotReinjectAfterExplicitDeletion(t *testing.T) {
+	// When user explicitly deletes kiro aliases (key exists with nil value),
+	// defaults should NOT be re-injected on subsequent sanitize calls (#222).
+	cfg := &Config{
+		OAuthModelAlias: map[string][]OAuthModelAlias{
+			"kiro":  nil, // explicitly deleted
+			"codex": {{Name: "gpt-5", Alias: "g5"}},
+		},
+	}
+
+	cfg.SanitizeOAuthModelAlias()
+
+	kiroAliases := cfg.OAuthModelAlias["kiro"]
+	if len(kiroAliases) != 0 {
+		t.Fatalf("expected kiro aliases to remain empty after explicit deletion, got %d aliases", len(kiroAliases))
+	}
+	// The key itself must still be present to prevent re-injection on next reload
+	if _, exists := cfg.OAuthModelAlias["kiro"]; !exists {
+		t.Fatal("expected kiro key to be preserved as nil marker after sanitization")
+	}
+	// Other channels should be unaffected
+	if len(cfg.OAuthModelAlias["codex"]) != 1 {
+		t.Fatal("expected codex aliases to be preserved")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestSanitizeOAuthModelAlias_DoesNotReinjectAfterExplicitDeletionEmpty(t *testing.T) {
+	// Same as above but with empty slice instead of nil (PUT with empty body).
+	cfg := &Config{
+		OAuthModelAlias: map[string][]OAuthModelAlias{
+			"kiro": {}, // explicitly set to empty
+		},
+	}
+
+	cfg.SanitizeOAuthModelAlias()
+
+	if len(cfg.OAuthModelAlias["kiro"]) != 0 {
+		t.Fatalf("expected kiro aliases to remain empty, got %d aliases", len(cfg.OAuthModelAlias["kiro"]))
+	}
+	if _, exists := cfg.OAuthModelAlias["kiro"]; !exists {
+		t.Fatal("expected kiro key to be preserved")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestSanitizeOAuthModelAlias_InjectsDefaultKiroWhenEmpty(t *testing.T) {
+	// When OAuthModelAlias is nil, kiro defaults should still be injected
+	cfg := &Config{}
+
+	cfg.SanitizeOAuthModelAlias()
+
+	kiroAliases := cfg.OAuthModelAlias["kiro"]
+	if len(kiroAliases) == 0 {
+		t.Fatal("expected default kiro aliases to be injected when OAuthModelAlias is nil")
+	}
+}

internal/config/oauth_model_mappings_test.go

@@ -1,27 +0,0 @@
-package config
-
-import "testing"
-
-func TestSanitizeOAuthModelMappings_PreservesForkFlag(t *testing.T) {
-	cfg := &Config{
-		OAuthModelMappings: map[string][]ModelNameMapping{
-			" CoDeX ": {
-				{Name: " gpt-5 ", Alias: " g5 ", Fork: true},
-				{Name: "gpt-6", Alias: "g6"},
-			},
-		},
-	}
-
-	cfg.SanitizeOAuthModelMappings()
-
-	mappings := cfg.OAuthModelMappings["codex"]
-	if len(mappings) != 2 {
-		t.Fatalf("expected 2 sanitized mappings, got %d", len(mappings))
-	}
-	if mappings[0].Name != "gpt-5" || mappings[0].Alias != "g5" || !mappings[0].Fork {
-		t.Fatalf("expected first mapping to be gpt-5->g5 fork=true, got name=%q alias=%q fork=%v", mappings[0].Name, mappings[0].Alias, mappings[0].Fork)
-	}
-	if mappings[1].Name != "gpt-6" || mappings[1].Alias != "g6" || mappings[1].Fork {
-		t.Fatalf("expected second mapping to be gpt-6->g6 fork=false, got name=%q alias=%q fork=%v", mappings[1].Name, mappings[1].Alias, mappings[1].Fork)
-	}
-}

internal/config/sdk_config.go

@@ -20,11 +20,16 @@ type SDKConfig struct {
 	// APIKeys is a list of keys for authenticating clients to this proxy server.
 	APIKeys []string `yaml:"api-keys" json:"api-keys"`
 
-	// Access holds request authentication provider configuration.
-	Access AccessConfig `yaml:"auth,omitempty" json:"auth,omitempty"`
+	// PassthroughHeaders controls whether upstream response headers are forwarded to downstream clients.
+	// Default is false (disabled).
+	PassthroughHeaders bool `yaml:"passthrough-headers" json:"passthrough-headers"`
 
 	// Streaming configures server-side streaming behavior (keep-alives and safe bootstrap retries).
 	Streaming StreamingConfig `yaml:"streaming" json:"streaming"`
+
+	// NonStreamKeepAliveInterval controls how often blank lines are emitted for non-streaming responses.
+	// <= 0 disables keep-alives. Value is in seconds.
+	NonStreamKeepAliveInterval int `yaml:"nonstream-keepalive-interval,omitempty" json:"nonstream-keepalive-interval,omitempty"`
 }
 
 // StreamingConfig holds server streaming behavior configuration.
@@ -38,65 +43,3 @@ type StreamingConfig struct {
 	// <= 0 disables bootstrap retries. Default is 0.
 	BootstrapRetries int `yaml:"bootstrap-retries,omitempty" json:"bootstrap-retries,omitempty"`
 }
-
-// AccessConfig groups request authentication providers.
-type AccessConfig struct {
-	// Providers lists configured authentication providers.
-	Providers []AccessProvider `yaml:"providers,omitempty" json:"providers,omitempty"`
-}
-
-// AccessProvider describes a request authentication provider entry.
-type AccessProvider struct {
-	// Name is the instance identifier for the provider.
-	Name string `yaml:"name" json:"name"`
-
-	// Type selects the provider implementation registered via the SDK.
-	Type string `yaml:"type" json:"type"`
-
-	// SDK optionally names a third-party SDK module providing this provider.
-	SDK string `yaml:"sdk,omitempty" json:"sdk,omitempty"`
-
-	// APIKeys lists inline keys for providers that require them.
-	APIKeys []string `yaml:"api-keys,omitempty" json:"api-keys,omitempty"`
-
-	// Config passes provider-specific options to the implementation.
-	Config map[string]any `yaml:"config,omitempty" json:"config,omitempty"`
-}
-
-const (
-	// AccessProviderTypeConfigAPIKey is the built-in provider validating inline API keys.
-	AccessProviderTypeConfigAPIKey = "config-api-key"
-
-	// DefaultAccessProviderName is applied when no provider name is supplied.
-	DefaultAccessProviderName = "config-inline"
-)
-
-// ConfigAPIKeyProvider returns the first inline API key provider if present.
-func (c *SDKConfig) ConfigAPIKeyProvider() *AccessProvider {
-	if c == nil {
-		return nil
-	}
-	for i := range c.Access.Providers {
-		if c.Access.Providers[i].Type == AccessProviderTypeConfigAPIKey {
-			if c.Access.Providers[i].Name == "" {
-				c.Access.Providers[i].Name = DefaultAccessProviderName
-			}
-			return &c.Access.Providers[i]
-		}
-	}
-	return nil
-}
-
-// MakeInlineAPIKeyProvider constructs an inline API key provider configuration.
-// It returns nil when no keys are supplied.
-func MakeInlineAPIKeyProvider(keys []string) *AccessProvider {
-	if len(keys) == 0 {
-		return nil
-	}
-	provider := &AccessProvider{
-		Name:    DefaultAccessProviderName,
-		Type:    AccessProviderTypeConfigAPIKey,
-		APIKeys: append([]string(nil), keys...),
-	}
-	return provider
-}

internal/config/vertex_compat.go

@@ -13,6 +13,10 @@ type VertexCompatKey struct {
 	// Maps to the x-goog-api-key header.
 	APIKey string `yaml:"api-key" json:"api-key"`
 
+	// Priority controls selection preference when multiple credentials match.
+	// Higher values are preferred; defaults to 0.
+	Priority int `yaml:"priority,omitempty" json:"priority,omitempty"`
+
 	// Prefix optionally namespaces model aliases for this credential (e.g., "teamA/vertex-pro").
 	Prefix string `yaml:"prefix,omitempty" json:"prefix,omitempty"`
 
@@ -32,6 +36,9 @@ type VertexCompatKey struct {
 	Models []VertexCompatModel `yaml:"models,omitempty" json:"models,omitempty"`
 }
 
+func (k VertexCompatKey) GetAPIKey() string  { return k.APIKey }
+func (k VertexCompatKey) GetBaseURL() string { return k.BaseURL }
+
 // VertexCompatModel represents a model configuration for Vertex compatibility,
 // including the actual model name and its alias for API routing.
 type VertexCompatModel struct {

internal/constant/constant.go

@@ -27,4 +27,7 @@ const (
 
 	// Kiro represents the AWS CodeWhisperer (Kiro) provider identifier.
 	Kiro = "kiro"
+
+	// Kilo represents the Kilo AI provider identifier.
+	Kilo = "kilo"
 )

internal/logging/gin_logger.go

@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@
 package logging
 
 import (
+	"errors"
 	"fmt"
 	"net/http"
 	"runtime/debug"
@@ -112,6 +113,11 @@ func isAIAPIPath(path string) bool {
 //   - gin.HandlerFunc: A middleware handler for panic recovery
 func GinLogrusRecovery() gin.HandlerFunc {
 	return gin.CustomRecovery(func(c *gin.Context, recovered interface{}) {
+		if err, ok := recovered.(error); ok && errors.Is(err, http.ErrAbortHandler) {
+			// Let net/http handle ErrAbortHandler so the connection is aborted without noisy stack logs.
+			panic(http.ErrAbortHandler)
+		}
+
 		log.WithFields(log.Fields{
 			"panic": recovered,
 			"stack": string(debug.Stack()),

internal/logging/gin_logger_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,60 @@
+package logging
+
+import (
+	"errors"
+	"net/http"
+	"net/http/httptest"
+	"testing"
+
+	"github.com/gin-gonic/gin"
+)
+
+func TestGinLogrusRecoveryRepanicsErrAbortHandler(t *testing.T) {
+	gin.SetMode(gin.TestMode)
+
+	engine := gin.New()
+	engine.Use(GinLogrusRecovery())
+	engine.GET("/abort", func(c *gin.Context) {
+		panic(http.ErrAbortHandler)
+	})
+
+	req := httptest.NewRequest(http.MethodGet, "/abort", nil)
+	recorder := httptest.NewRecorder()
+
+	defer func() {
+		recovered := recover()
+		if recovered == nil {
+			t.Fatalf("expected panic, got nil")
+		}
+		err, ok := recovered.(error)
+		if !ok {
+			t.Fatalf("expected error panic, got %T", recovered)
+		}
+		if !errors.Is(err, http.ErrAbortHandler) {
+			t.Fatalf("expected ErrAbortHandler, got %v", err)
+		}
+		if err != http.ErrAbortHandler {
+			t.Fatalf("expected exact ErrAbortHandler sentinel, got %v", err)
+		}
+	}()
+
+	engine.ServeHTTP(recorder, req)
+}
+
+func TestGinLogrusRecoveryHandlesRegularPanic(t *testing.T) {
+	gin.SetMode(gin.TestMode)
+
+	engine := gin.New()
+	engine.Use(GinLogrusRecovery())
+	engine.GET("/panic", func(c *gin.Context) {
+		panic("boom")
+	})
+
+	req := httptest.NewRequest(http.MethodGet, "/panic", nil)
+	recorder := httptest.NewRecorder()
+
+	engine.ServeHTTP(recorder, req)
+	if recorder.Code != http.StatusInternalServerError {
+		t.Fatalf("expected 500, got %d", recorder.Code)
+	}
+}

internal/logging/global_logger.go

@@ -29,6 +29,9 @@ var (
 // Format: [2025-12-23 20:14:04] [debug] [manager.go:524] | a1b2c3d4 | Use API key sk-9...0RHO for model gpt-5.2
 type LogFormatter struct{}
 
+// logFieldOrder defines the display order for common log fields.
+var logFieldOrder = []string{"provider", "model", "mode", "budget", "level", "original_mode", "original_value", "min", "max", "clamped_to", "error"}
+
 // Format renders a single log entry with custom formatting.
 func (m *LogFormatter) Format(entry *log.Entry) ([]byte, error) {
 	var buffer *bytes.Buffer
@@ -52,11 +55,25 @@ func (m *LogFormatter) Format(entry *log.Entry) ([]byte, error) {
 	}
 	levelStr := fmt.Sprintf("%-5s", level)
 
+	// Build fields string (only print fields in logFieldOrder)
+	var fieldsStr string
+	if len(entry.Data) > 0 {
+		var fields []string
+		for _, k := range logFieldOrder {
+			if v, ok := entry.Data[k]; ok {
+				fields = append(fields, fmt.Sprintf("%s=%v", k, v))
+			}
+		}
+		if len(fields) > 0 {
+			fieldsStr = " " + strings.Join(fields, " ")
+		}
+	}
+
 	var formatted string
 	if entry.Caller != nil {
-		formatted = fmt.Sprintf("[%s] [%s] [%s] [%s:%d] %s\n", timestamp, reqID, levelStr, filepath.Base(entry.Caller.File), entry.Caller.Line, message)
+		formatted = fmt.Sprintf("[%s] [%s] [%s] [%s:%d] %s%s\n", timestamp, reqID, levelStr, filepath.Base(entry.Caller.File), entry.Caller.Line, message, fieldsStr)
 	} else {
-		formatted = fmt.Sprintf("[%s] [%s] [%s] %s\n", timestamp, reqID, levelStr, message)
+		formatted = fmt.Sprintf("[%s] [%s] [%s] %s%s\n", timestamp, reqID, levelStr, message, fieldsStr)
 	}
 	buffer.WriteString(formatted)
 
@@ -105,6 +122,27 @@ func isDirWritable(dir string) bool {
 	return true
 }
 
+// ResolveLogDirectory determines the directory used for application logs.
+func ResolveLogDirectory(cfg *config.Config) string {
+	logDir := "logs"
+	if base := util.WritablePath(); base != "" {
+		return filepath.Join(base, "logs")
+	}
+	if cfg == nil {
+		return logDir
+	}
+	if !isDirWritable(logDir) {
+		authDir, err := util.ResolveAuthDir(cfg.AuthDir)
+		if err != nil {
+			log.Warnf("Failed to resolve auth-dir %q for log directory: %v", cfg.AuthDir, err)
+		}
+		if authDir != "" {
+			logDir = filepath.Join(authDir, "logs")
+		}
+	}
+	return logDir
+}
+
 // ConfigureLogOutput switches the global log destination between rotating files and stdout.
 // When logsMaxTotalSizeMB > 0, a background cleaner removes the oldest log files in the logs directory
 // until the total size is within the limit.
@@ -114,12 +152,7 @@ func ConfigureLogOutput(cfg *config.Config) error {
 	writerMu.Lock()
 	defer writerMu.Unlock()
 
-	logDir := "logs"
-	if base := util.WritablePath(); base != "" {
-		logDir = filepath.Join(base, "logs")
-	} else if !isDirWritable(logDir) {
-		logDir = filepath.Join(cfg.AuthDir, "logs")
-	}
+	logDir := ResolveLogDirectory(cfg)
 
 	protectedPath := ""
 	if cfg.LoggingToFile {

internal/logging/request_logger.go

@@ -44,10 +44,12 @@ type RequestLogger interface {
 	//   - apiRequest: The API request data
 	//   - apiResponse: The API response data
 	//   - requestID: Optional request ID for log file naming
+	//   - requestTimestamp: When the request was received
+	//   - apiResponseTimestamp: When the API response was received
 	//
 	// Returns:
 	//   - error: An error if logging fails, nil otherwise
-	LogRequest(url, method string, requestHeaders map[string][]string, body []byte, statusCode int, responseHeaders map[string][]string, response, apiRequest, apiResponse []byte, apiResponseErrors []*interfaces.ErrorMessage, requestID string) error
+	LogRequest(url, method string, requestHeaders map[string][]string, body []byte, statusCode int, responseHeaders map[string][]string, response, apiRequest, apiResponse []byte, apiResponseErrors []*interfaces.ErrorMessage, requestID string, requestTimestamp, apiResponseTimestamp time.Time) error
 
 	// LogStreamingRequest initiates logging for a streaming request and returns a writer for chunks.
 	//
@@ -109,6 +111,12 @@ type StreamingLogWriter interface {
 	//   - error: An error if writing fails, nil otherwise
 	WriteAPIResponse(apiResponse []byte) error
 
+	// SetFirstChunkTimestamp sets the TTFB timestamp captured when first chunk was received.
+	//
+	// Parameters:
+	//   - timestamp: The time when first response chunk was received
+	SetFirstChunkTimestamp(timestamp time.Time)
+
 	// Close finalizes the log file and cleans up resources.
 	//
 	// Returns:
@@ -124,6 +132,9 @@ type FileRequestLogger struct {
 
 	// logsDir is the directory where log files are stored.
 	logsDir string
+
+	// errorLogsMaxFiles limits the number of error log files retained.
+	errorLogsMaxFiles int
 }
 
 // NewFileRequestLogger creates a new file-based request logger.
@@ -133,10 +144,11 @@ type FileRequestLogger struct {
 //   - logsDir: The directory where log files should be stored (can be relative)
 //   - configDir: The directory of the configuration file; when logsDir is
 //     relative, it will be resolved relative to this directory
+//   - errorLogsMaxFiles: Maximum number of error log files to retain (0 = no cleanup)
 //
 // Returns:
 //   - *FileRequestLogger: A new file-based request logger instance
-func NewFileRequestLogger(enabled bool, logsDir string, configDir string) *FileRequestLogger {
+func NewFileRequestLogger(enabled bool, logsDir string, configDir string, errorLogsMaxFiles int) *FileRequestLogger {
 	// Resolve logsDir relative to the configuration file directory when it's not absolute.
 	if !filepath.IsAbs(logsDir) {
 		// If configDir is provided, resolve logsDir relative to it.
@@ -145,8 +157,9 @@ func NewFileRequestLogger(enabled bool, logsDir string, configDir string) *FileR
 		}
 	}
 	return &FileRequestLogger{
-		enabled: enabled,
-		logsDir: logsDir,
+		enabled:           enabled,
+		logsDir:           logsDir,
+		errorLogsMaxFiles: errorLogsMaxFiles,
 	}
 }
 
@@ -167,6 +180,11 @@ func (l *FileRequestLogger) SetEnabled(enabled bool) {
 	l.enabled = enabled
 }
 
+// SetErrorLogsMaxFiles updates the maximum number of error log files to retain.
+func (l *FileRequestLogger) SetErrorLogsMaxFiles(maxFiles int) {
+	l.errorLogsMaxFiles = maxFiles
+}
+
 // LogRequest logs a complete non-streaming request/response cycle to a file.
 //
 // Parameters:
@@ -180,20 +198,22 @@ func (l *FileRequestLogger) SetEnabled(enabled bool) {
 //   - apiRequest: The API request data
 //   - apiResponse: The API response data
 //   - requestID: Optional request ID for log file naming
+//   - requestTimestamp: When the request was received
+//   - apiResponseTimestamp: When the API response was received
 //
 // Returns:
 //   - error: An error if logging fails, nil otherwise
-func (l *FileRequestLogger) LogRequest(url, method string, requestHeaders map[string][]string, body []byte, statusCode int, responseHeaders map[string][]string, response, apiRequest, apiResponse []byte, apiResponseErrors []*interfaces.ErrorMessage, requestID string) error {
-	return l.logRequest(url, method, requestHeaders, body, statusCode, responseHeaders, response, apiRequest, apiResponse, apiResponseErrors, false, requestID)
+func (l *FileRequestLogger) LogRequest(url, method string, requestHeaders map[string][]string, body []byte, statusCode int, responseHeaders map[string][]string, response, apiRequest, apiResponse []byte, apiResponseErrors []*interfaces.ErrorMessage, requestID string, requestTimestamp, apiResponseTimestamp time.Time) error {
+	return l.logRequest(url, method, requestHeaders, body, statusCode, responseHeaders, response, apiRequest, apiResponse, apiResponseErrors, false, requestID, requestTimestamp, apiResponseTimestamp)
 }
 
 // LogRequestWithOptions logs a request with optional forced logging behavior.
 // The force flag allows writing error logs even when regular request logging is disabled.
-func (l *FileRequestLogger) LogRequestWithOptions(url, method string, requestHeaders map[string][]string, body []byte, statusCode int, responseHeaders map[string][]string, response, apiRequest, apiResponse []byte, apiResponseErrors []*interfaces.ErrorMessage, force bool, requestID string) error {
-	return l.logRequest(url, method, requestHeaders, body, statusCode, responseHeaders, response, apiRequest, apiResponse, apiResponseErrors, force, requestID)
+func (l *FileRequestLogger) LogRequestWithOptions(url, method string, requestHeaders map[string][]string, body []byte, statusCode int, responseHeaders map[string][]string, response, apiRequest, apiResponse []byte, apiResponseErrors []*interfaces.ErrorMessage, force bool, requestID string, requestTimestamp, apiResponseTimestamp time.Time) error {
+	return l.logRequest(url, method, requestHeaders, body, statusCode, responseHeaders, response, apiRequest, apiResponse, apiResponseErrors, force, requestID, requestTimestamp, apiResponseTimestamp)
 }
 
-func (l *FileRequestLogger) logRequest(url, method string, requestHeaders map[string][]string, body []byte, statusCode int, responseHeaders map[string][]string, response, apiRequest, apiResponse []byte, apiResponseErrors []*interfaces.ErrorMessage, force bool, requestID string) error {
+func (l *FileRequestLogger) logRequest(url, method string, requestHeaders map[string][]string, body []byte, statusCode int, responseHeaders map[string][]string, response, apiRequest, apiResponse []byte, apiResponseErrors []*interfaces.ErrorMessage, force bool, requestID string, requestTimestamp, apiResponseTimestamp time.Time) error {
 	if !l.enabled && !force {
 		return nil
 	}
@@ -247,6 +267,8 @@ func (l *FileRequestLogger) logRequest(url, method string, requestHeaders map[st
 		responseHeaders,
 		responseToWrite,
 		decompressErr,
+		requestTimestamp,
+		apiResponseTimestamp,
 	)
 	if errClose := logFile.Close(); errClose != nil {
 		log.WithError(errClose).Warn("failed to close request log file")
@@ -421,8 +443,12 @@ func (l *FileRequestLogger) sanitizeForFilename(path string) string {
 	return sanitized
 }
 
-// cleanupOldErrorLogs keeps only the newest 10 forced error log files.
+// cleanupOldErrorLogs keeps only the newest errorLogsMaxFiles forced error log files.
 func (l *FileRequestLogger) cleanupOldErrorLogs() error {
+	if l.errorLogsMaxFiles <= 0 {
+		return nil
+	}
+
 	entries, errRead := os.ReadDir(l.logsDir)
 	if errRead != nil {
 		return errRead
@@ -450,7 +476,7 @@ func (l *FileRequestLogger) cleanupOldErrorLogs() error {
 		files = append(files, logFile{name: name, modTime: info.ModTime()})
 	}
 
-	if len(files) <= 10 {
+	if len(files) <= l.errorLogsMaxFiles {
 		return nil
 	}
 
@@ -458,7 +484,7 @@ func (l *FileRequestLogger) cleanupOldErrorLogs() error {
 		return files[i].modTime.After(files[j].modTime)
 	})
 
-	for _, file := range files[10:] {
+	for _, file := range files[l.errorLogsMaxFiles:] {
 		if errRemove := os.Remove(filepath.Join(l.logsDir, file.name)); errRemove != nil {
 			log.WithError(errRemove).Warnf("failed to remove old error log: %s", file.name)
 		}
@@ -499,17 +525,22 @@ func (l *FileRequestLogger) writeNonStreamingLog(
 	responseHeaders map[string][]string,
 	response []byte,
 	decompressErr error,
+	requestTimestamp time.Time,
+	apiResponseTimestamp time.Time,
 ) error {
-	if errWrite := writeRequestInfoWithBody(w, url, method, requestHeaders, requestBody, requestBodyPath, time.Now()); errWrite != nil {
+	if requestTimestamp.IsZero() {
+		requestTimestamp = time.Now()
+	}
+	if errWrite := writeRequestInfoWithBody(w, url, method, requestHeaders, requestBody, requestBodyPath, requestTimestamp); errWrite != nil {
 		return errWrite
 	}
-	if errWrite := writeAPISection(w, "=== API REQUEST ===\n", "=== API REQUEST", apiRequest); errWrite != nil {
+	if errWrite := writeAPISection(w, "=== API REQUEST ===\n", "=== API REQUEST", apiRequest, time.Time{}); errWrite != nil {
 		return errWrite
 	}
 	if errWrite := writeAPIErrorResponses(w, apiResponseErrors); errWrite != nil {
 		return errWrite
 	}
-	if errWrite := writeAPISection(w, "=== API RESPONSE ===\n", "=== API RESPONSE", apiResponse); errWrite != nil {
+	if errWrite := writeAPISection(w, "=== API RESPONSE ===\n", "=== API RESPONSE", apiResponse, apiResponseTimestamp); errWrite != nil {
 		return errWrite
 	}
 	return writeResponseSection(w, statusCode, true, responseHeaders, bytes.NewReader(response), decompressErr, true)
@@ -583,7 +614,7 @@ func writeRequestInfoWithBody(
 	return nil
 }
 
-func writeAPISection(w io.Writer, sectionHeader string, sectionPrefix string, payload []byte) error {
+func writeAPISection(w io.Writer, sectionHeader string, sectionPrefix string, payload []byte, timestamp time.Time) error {
 	if len(payload) == 0 {
 		return nil
 	}
@@ -601,6 +632,11 @@ func writeAPISection(w io.Writer, sectionHeader string, sectionPrefix string, pa
 		if _, errWrite := io.WriteString(w, sectionHeader); errWrite != nil {
 			return errWrite
 		}
+		if !timestamp.IsZero() {
+			if _, errWrite := io.WriteString(w, fmt.Sprintf("Timestamp: %s\n", timestamp.Format(time.RFC3339Nano))); errWrite != nil {
+				return errWrite
+			}
+		}
 		if _, errWrite := w.Write(payload); errWrite != nil {
 			return errWrite
 		}
@@ -974,6 +1010,9 @@ type FileStreamingLogWriter struct {
 
 	// apiResponse stores the upstream API response data.
 	apiResponse []byte
+
+	// apiResponseTimestamp captures when the API response was received.
+	apiResponseTimestamp time.Time
 }
 
 // WriteChunkAsync writes a response chunk asynchronously (non-blocking).
@@ -1053,6 +1092,12 @@ func (w *FileStreamingLogWriter) WriteAPIResponse(apiResponse []byte) error {
 	return nil
 }
 
+func (w *FileStreamingLogWriter) SetFirstChunkTimestamp(timestamp time.Time) {
+	if !timestamp.IsZero() {
+		w.apiResponseTimestamp = timestamp
+	}
+}
+
 // Close finalizes the log file and cleans up resources.
 // It writes all buffered data to the file in the correct order:
 // API REQUEST -> API RESPONSE -> RESPONSE (status, headers, body chunks)
@@ -1140,10 +1185,10 @@ func (w *FileStreamingLogWriter) writeFinalLog(logFile *os.File) error {
 	if errWrite := writeRequestInfoWithBody(logFile, w.url, w.method, w.requestHeaders, nil, w.requestBodyPath, w.timestamp); errWrite != nil {
 		return errWrite
 	}
-	if errWrite := writeAPISection(logFile, "=== API REQUEST ===\n", "=== API REQUEST", w.apiRequest); errWrite != nil {
+	if errWrite := writeAPISection(logFile, "=== API REQUEST ===\n", "=== API REQUEST", w.apiRequest, time.Time{}); errWrite != nil {
 		return errWrite
 	}
-	if errWrite := writeAPISection(logFile, "=== API RESPONSE ===\n", "=== API RESPONSE", w.apiResponse); errWrite != nil {
+	if errWrite := writeAPISection(logFile, "=== API RESPONSE ===\n", "=== API RESPONSE", w.apiResponse, w.apiResponseTimestamp); errWrite != nil {
 		return errWrite
 	}
 
@@ -1220,6 +1265,8 @@ func (w *NoOpStreamingLogWriter) WriteAPIResponse(_ []byte) error {
 	return nil
 }
 
+func (w *NoOpStreamingLogWriter) SetFirstChunkTimestamp(_ time.Time) {}
+
 // Close is a no-op implementation that does nothing and always returns nil.
 //
 // Returns: