diff --git a/CHANGELOG.md b/CHANGELOG.md
index 57f3ffab55a..7073292f293 100644
--- a/CHANGELOG.md
+++ b/CHANGELOG.md
@@ -1040,6 +1040,7 @@ Docs: https://docs.openclaw.ai
 - Slack: collapse routine Socket Mode pong-timeout reconnects into one OpenClaw reconnect line and suppress the duplicate Slack SDK pong warning.
 - Gateway/diagnostics: abort-drain embedded runs after an extended no-progress stall so a single dead session no longer leaves queued Discord/channel turns blocked behind repeated `recovery=none` liveness warnings.
 - Plugins/ClawHub: accept the live artifact resolver `kind`/`sha256` field names alongside the typed `artifactKind`/`artifactSha256` form so `clawhub:` installs of npm-pack and legacy ZIP packages no longer miss downloadable artifacts. Thanks @romneyda.
+- Doctor/session locks: remove fresh session write-lock files when their live PID can be read and proven to belong to a non-OpenClaw process, while preserving active or unknown owners. Fixes #76823. Thanks @renatomaluhy.
 - Control UI/Sessions: avoid full `sessions.list` reloads for chat-turn `sessions.changed` payloads, so large session stores no longer add multi-second delays while chat responses are being delivered. (#76676) Thanks @VACInc.
 - Gateway/watch: run `doctor --fix --non-interactive` once and retry when the dev Gateway child exits during startup, so stale local plugin install/config state does not leave the tmux watch session disappearing without a repair attempt.
 - Doctor/Telegram: warn when selected Telegram quote replies can suppress `streaming.preview.toolProgress`, and document the `replyToMode` trade-off without changing runtime delivery. Fixes #73487. Thanks @GodsBoy.
diff --git a/docs/gateway/doctor.md b/docs/gateway/doctor.md
index 001c9a39559..24c46ec5d5f 100644
--- a/docs/gateway/doctor.md
+++ b/docs/gateway/doctor.md
@@ -319,7 +319,7 @@ That stages grounded durable candidates into the short-term dreaming store while
 
   </Accordion>
   <Accordion title="3c. Session lock cleanup">
-    Doctor scans every agent session directory for stale write-lock files — files left behind when a session exited abnormally. For each lock file found it reports: the path, PID, whether the PID is still alive, lock age, and whether it is considered stale (dead PID or older than 30 minutes). In `--fix` / `--repair` mode it removes stale lock files automatically; otherwise it prints a note and instructs you to rerun with `--fix`.
+    Doctor scans every agent session directory for stale write-lock files — files left behind when a session exited abnormally. For each lock file found it reports: the path, PID, whether the PID is still alive, lock age, and whether it is considered stale (dead PID, older than 30 minutes, or a live PID that can be proven to belong to a non-OpenClaw process). In `--fix` / `--repair` mode it removes stale lock files automatically; otherwise it prints a note and instructs you to rerun with `--fix`.
   </Accordion>
   <Accordion title="3d. Session transcript branch repair">
     Doctor scans agent session JSONL files for the duplicated branch shape created by the 2026.4.24 prompt transcript rewrite bug: an abandoned user turn with OpenClaw internal runtime context plus an active sibling containing the same visible user prompt. In `--fix` / `--repair` mode, doctor backs up each affected file next to the original and rewrites the transcript to the active branch so gateway history and memory readers no longer see duplicate turns.
diff --git a/src/agents/session-write-lock.test.ts b/src/agents/session-write-lock.test.ts
index 45e86edce5b..bc4e73d9884 100644
--- a/src/agents/session-write-lock.test.ts
+++ b/src/agents/session-write-lock.test.ts
@@ -407,6 +407,7 @@ describe("acquireSessionWriteLock", () => {
         staleMs: 30_000,
         nowMs,
         removeStale: true,
+        readOwnerProcessArgs: () => ["node", "/opt/openclaw/openclaw.mjs", "agent"],
       });
 
       expect(result.locks).toHaveLength(3);
@@ -424,6 +425,153 @@ describe("acquireSessionWriteLock", () => {
     }
   });
 
+  it("cleans fresh live .jsonl lock files owned by a non-OpenClaw process", async () => {
+    const root = await fs.mkdtemp(path.join(os.tmpdir(), "openclaw-lock-"));
+    const sessionsDir = path.join(root, "sessions");
+    await fs.mkdir(sessionsDir, { recursive: true });
+
+    const nowMs = Date.now();
+    const falseLiveLock = path.join(sessionsDir, "false-live.jsonl.lock");
+
+    try {
+      await fs.writeFile(
+        falseLiveLock,
+        JSON.stringify({
+          pid: process.pid,
+          createdAt: new Date(nowMs).toISOString(),
+        }),
+        "utf8",
+      );
+
+      const result = await cleanStaleLockFiles({
+        sessionsDir,
+        staleMs: 30_000,
+        nowMs,
+        removeStale: true,
+        readOwnerProcessArgs: () => ["python", "worker.py"],
+      });
+
+      expect(result.locks).toHaveLength(1);
+      expect(result.cleaned.map((entry) => path.basename(entry.lockPath))).toEqual([
+        "false-live.jsonl.lock",
+      ]);
+      expect(result.cleaned[0]?.staleReasons).toContain("non-openclaw-owner");
+      await expect(fs.access(falseLiveLock)).rejects.toThrow();
+    } finally {
+      await fs.rm(root, { recursive: true, force: true });
+    }
+  });
+
+  it("cleans fresh live .jsonl lock files owned by generic non-OpenClaw entrypoints", async () => {
+    const root = await fs.mkdtemp(path.join(os.tmpdir(), "openclaw-lock-"));
+    const sessionsDir = path.join(root, "sessions");
+    await fs.mkdir(sessionsDir, { recursive: true });
+
+    const nowMs = Date.now();
+    const falseLiveLock = path.join(sessionsDir, "false-live-generic-entry.jsonl.lock");
+
+    try {
+      await fs.writeFile(
+        falseLiveLock,
+        JSON.stringify({
+          pid: process.pid,
+          createdAt: new Date(nowMs).toISOString(),
+        }),
+        "utf8",
+      );
+
+      const result = await cleanStaleLockFiles({
+        sessionsDir,
+        staleMs: 30_000,
+        nowMs,
+        removeStale: true,
+        readOwnerProcessArgs: () => ["node", "/srv/app/dist/index.js"],
+      });
+
+      expect(result.cleaned.map((entry) => path.basename(entry.lockPath))).toEqual([
+        "false-live-generic-entry.jsonl.lock",
+      ]);
+      expect(result.cleaned[0]?.staleReasons).toContain("non-openclaw-owner");
+      await expect(fs.access(falseLiveLock)).rejects.toThrow();
+    } finally {
+      await fs.rm(root, { recursive: true, force: true });
+    }
+  });
+
+  it("keeps fresh live .jsonl lock files with OpenClaw or unknown owners", async () => {
+    const root = await fs.mkdtemp(path.join(os.tmpdir(), "openclaw-lock-"));
+    const sessionsDir = path.join(root, "sessions");
+    await fs.mkdir(sessionsDir, { recursive: true });
+
+    const nowMs = Date.now();
+    const openclawLock = path.join(sessionsDir, "openclaw-live.jsonl.lock");
+    const gatewayLock = path.join(sessionsDir, "gateway-live.jsonl.lock");
+    const unknownLock = path.join(sessionsDir, "unknown-live.jsonl.lock");
+
+    try {
+      await fs.writeFile(
+        openclawLock,
+        JSON.stringify({
+          pid: process.pid,
+          createdAt: new Date(nowMs).toISOString(),
+        }),
+        "utf8",
+      );
+      const openclawResult = await cleanStaleLockFiles({
+        sessionsDir,
+        staleMs: 30_000,
+        nowMs,
+        removeStale: true,
+        readOwnerProcessArgs: () => ["node", "/opt/openclaw/openclaw.mjs", "agent"],
+      });
+
+      expect(openclawResult.cleaned).toEqual([]);
+      await expect(fs.access(openclawLock)).resolves.toBeUndefined();
+
+      await fs.rm(openclawLock, { force: true });
+      await fs.writeFile(
+        gatewayLock,
+        JSON.stringify({
+          pid: process.pid,
+          createdAt: new Date(nowMs).toISOString(),
+        }),
+        "utf8",
+      );
+      const gatewayResult = await cleanStaleLockFiles({
+        sessionsDir,
+        staleMs: 30_000,
+        nowMs,
+        removeStale: true,
+        readOwnerProcessArgs: () => ["node", "dist/index.js", "gateway", "run"],
+      });
+
+      expect(gatewayResult.cleaned).toEqual([]);
+      await expect(fs.access(gatewayLock)).resolves.toBeUndefined();
+
+      await fs.rm(gatewayLock, { force: true });
+      await fs.writeFile(
+        unknownLock,
+        JSON.stringify({
+          pid: process.pid,
+          createdAt: new Date(nowMs).toISOString(),
+        }),
+        "utf8",
+      );
+      const unknownResult = await cleanStaleLockFiles({
+        sessionsDir,
+        staleMs: 30_000,
+        nowMs,
+        removeStale: true,
+        readOwnerProcessArgs: () => null,
+      });
+
+      expect(unknownResult.cleaned).toEqual([]);
+      await expect(fs.access(unknownLock)).resolves.toBeUndefined();
+    } finally {
+      await fs.rm(root, { recursive: true, force: true });
+    }
+  });
+
   it("cleans untracked current-process .jsonl lock files with matching starttime", async () => {
     pinCurrentProcessStartTimeForTest();
     const root = await fs.mkdtemp(path.join(os.tmpdir(), "openclaw-lock-"));
diff --git a/src/agents/session-write-lock.ts b/src/agents/session-write-lock.ts
index ae20cde9268..a548be75929 100644
--- a/src/agents/session-write-lock.ts
+++ b/src/agents/session-write-lock.ts
@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@ import type fsSync from "node:fs";
 import fs from "node:fs/promises";
 import path from "node:path";
 import { createFileLockManager } from "../infra/file-lock-manager.js";
+import { readGatewayProcessArgsSync as readProcessArgsSync } from "../infra/gateway-processes.js";
 import { getProcessStartTime, isPidAlive } from "../shared/pid-alive.js";
 import { SessionWriteLockTimeoutError } from "./session-write-lock-error.js";
 
@@ -28,6 +29,8 @@ export type SessionLockInspection = {
   removed: boolean;
 };
 
+export type SessionLockOwnerProcessArgsReader = (pid: number) => string[] | null;
+
 const CLEANUP_SIGNALS = ["SIGINT", "SIGTERM", "SIGQUIT", "SIGABRT"] as const;
 type CleanupSignal = (typeof CLEANUP_SIGNALS)[number];
 const CLEANUP_STATE_KEY = Symbol.for("openclaw.sessionWriteLockCleanupState");
@@ -295,6 +298,56 @@ async function resolveNormalizedSessionFile(sessionFile: string): Promise<string
   }
 }
 
+function normalizeOwnerProcessArg(arg: string): string {
+  return arg.trim().replaceAll("\\", "/").toLowerCase();
+}
+
+function isOpenClawSessionOwnerArgv(args: string[]): boolean {
+  const normalized = args.map(normalizeOwnerProcessArg).filter(Boolean);
+  if (normalized.length === 0) {
+    return false;
+  }
+  const exe = (normalized[0] ?? "").replace(/\.(bat|cmd|exe)$/i, "");
+  if (exe === "openclaw" || exe.endsWith("/openclaw") || exe.endsWith("/openclaw-gateway")) {
+    return true;
+  }
+  if (
+    normalized.some(
+      (arg) =>
+        arg === "openclaw" ||
+        arg.endsWith("/openclaw") ||
+        arg === "openclaw.mjs" ||
+        arg.endsWith("/openclaw.mjs"),
+    )
+  ) {
+    return true;
+  }
+
+  const entryCandidates = [
+    "dist/index.js",
+    "dist/entry.js",
+    "scripts/run-node.mjs",
+    "src/entry.ts",
+    "src/index.ts",
+  ];
+  const hasOpenClawCommandToken = normalized.some((arg) => arg === "gateway" || arg === "agent");
+  return normalized.some(
+    (arg) => entryCandidates.some((entry) => arg.endsWith(entry)) && hasOpenClawCommandToken,
+  );
+}
+
+function readOwnerProcessArgs(
+  reader: SessionLockOwnerProcessArgsReader,
+  pid: number,
+): string[] | null {
+  try {
+    const args = reader(pid);
+    return Array.isArray(args) ? args : null;
+  } catch {
+    return null;
+  }
+}
+
 function inspectLockPayload(
   payload: LockFilePayload | null,
   staleMs: number,
@@ -342,6 +395,29 @@ function inspectLockPayload(
   };
 }
 
+function shouldTreatAsNonOpenClawOwner(params: {
+  payload: LockFilePayload | null;
+  inspected: LockInspectionDetails;
+  heldByThisProcess: boolean;
+  readOwnerProcessArgs: SessionLockOwnerProcessArgsReader;
+}): boolean {
+  if (params.inspected.stale || params.inspected.pid === null || !params.inspected.pidAlive) {
+    return false;
+  }
+  if (params.inspected.pid === process.pid && params.heldByThisProcess) {
+    return false;
+  }
+  if (!isValidLockNumber(params.payload?.pid) || params.payload.pid <= 0) {
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  const args = readOwnerProcessArgs(params.readOwnerProcessArgs, params.payload.pid);
+  if (!args || args.every((arg) => !arg.trim())) {
+    return false;
+  }
+  return !isOpenClawSessionOwnerArgv(args);
+}
+
 function lockInspectionNeedsMtimeStaleFallback(details: LockInspectionDetails): boolean {
   return (
     details.stale &&
@@ -383,6 +459,7 @@ async function removeReportedStaleLockIfStillStale(params: {
   lockPath: string;
   normalizedSessionFile: string;
   staleMs: number;
+  readOwnerProcessArgs?: SessionLockOwnerProcessArgsReader;
 }): Promise<boolean> {
   const nowMs = Date.now();
   const payload = await readLockPayload(params.lockPath);
@@ -392,6 +469,7 @@ async function removeReportedStaleLockIfStillStale(params: {
     nowMs,
     heldByThisProcess: sessionLockHeldByThisProcess(params.normalizedSessionFile),
     reclaimLockWithoutStarttime: true,
+    readOwnerProcessArgs: params.readOwnerProcessArgs ?? readProcessArgsSync,
   });
   if (!(await shouldReclaimContendedLockFile(params.lockPath, inspected, params.staleMs, nowMs))) {
     return false;
@@ -430,24 +508,41 @@ function inspectLockPayloadForSession(params: {
   nowMs: number;
   heldByThisProcess: boolean;
   reclaimLockWithoutStarttime: boolean;
+  readOwnerProcessArgs: SessionLockOwnerProcessArgsReader;
 }): LockInspectionDetails {
   const inspected = inspectLockPayload(params.payload, params.staleMs, params.nowMs);
   if (
-    !shouldTreatAsOrphanSelfLock({
+    shouldTreatAsOrphanSelfLock({
       payload: params.payload,
       heldByThisProcess: params.heldByThisProcess,
       reclaimLockWithoutStarttime: params.reclaimLockWithoutStarttime,
     })
   ) {
-    return inspected;
+    return {
+      ...inspected,
+      stale: true,
+      staleReasons: inspected.staleReasons.includes("orphan-self-pid")
+        ? inspected.staleReasons
+        : [...inspected.staleReasons, "orphan-self-pid"],
+    };
   }
-  return {
-    ...inspected,
-    stale: true,
-    staleReasons: inspected.staleReasons.includes("orphan-self-pid")
-      ? inspected.staleReasons
-      : [...inspected.staleReasons, "orphan-self-pid"],
-  };
+
+  if (
+    shouldTreatAsNonOpenClawOwner({
+      payload: params.payload,
+      inspected,
+      heldByThisProcess: params.heldByThisProcess,
+      readOwnerProcessArgs: params.readOwnerProcessArgs,
+    })
+  ) {
+    return {
+      ...inspected,
+      stale: true,
+      staleReasons: [...inspected.staleReasons, "non-openclaw-owner"],
+    };
+  }
+
+  return inspected;
 }
 
 export async function cleanStaleLockFiles(params: {
@@ -455,6 +550,7 @@ export async function cleanStaleLockFiles(params: {
   staleMs?: number;
   removeStale?: boolean;
   nowMs?: number;
+  readOwnerProcessArgs?: SessionLockOwnerProcessArgsReader;
   log?: {
     warn?: (message: string) => void;
     info?: (message: string) => void;
@@ -464,6 +560,7 @@ export async function cleanStaleLockFiles(params: {
   const staleMs = resolvePositiveMs(params.staleMs, DEFAULT_STALE_MS);
   const removeStale = params.removeStale !== false;
   const nowMs = params.nowMs ?? Date.now();
+  const ownerProcessArgsReader = params.readOwnerProcessArgs ?? readProcessArgsSync;
 
   let entries: fsSync.Dirent[] = [];
   try {
@@ -491,6 +588,7 @@ export async function cleanStaleLockFiles(params: {
       nowMs,
       heldByThisProcess: false,
       reclaimLockWithoutStarttime: false,
+      readOwnerProcessArgs: ownerProcessArgsReader,
     });
     const lockInfo: SessionLockInspection = {
       lockPath,
@@ -558,6 +656,7 @@ export async function acquireSessionWriteLock(params: {
             nowMs,
             heldByThisProcess,
             reclaimLockWithoutStarttime: true,
+            readOwnerProcessArgs: readProcessArgsSync,
           });
           return await shouldReclaimContendedLockFile(lockPath, inspected, staleMs, nowMs);
         },
diff --git a/src/commands/doctor-session-locks.test.ts b/src/commands/doctor-session-locks.test.ts
index 5254703713c..4dd56a5b8c5 100644
--- a/src/commands/doctor-session-locks.test.ts
+++ b/src/commands/doctor-session-locks.test.ts
@@ -48,7 +48,11 @@ describe("noteSessionLockHealth", () => {
       "utf8",
     );
 
-    await noteSessionLockHealth({ shouldRepair: false, staleMs: 60_000 });
+    await noteSessionLockHealth({
+      shouldRepair: false,
+      staleMs: 60_000,
+      readOwnerProcessArgs: () => ["node", "/opt/openclaw/openclaw.mjs", "doctor"],
+    });
 
     expect(note).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(1);
     const [message, title] = note.mock.calls[0] as [string, string];
@@ -77,7 +81,11 @@ describe("noteSessionLockHealth", () => {
       "utf8",
     );
 
-    await noteSessionLockHealth({ shouldRepair: true, staleMs: 30_000 });
+    await noteSessionLockHealth({
+      shouldRepair: true,
+      staleMs: 30_000,
+      readOwnerProcessArgs: () => ["node", "/opt/openclaw/openclaw.mjs", "doctor"],
+    });
 
     expect(note).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(1);
     const [message] = note.mock.calls[0] as [string, string];
@@ -87,4 +95,29 @@ describe("noteSessionLockHealth", () => {
     await expectPathMissing(staleLock);
     await expect(fs.access(freshLock)).resolves.toBeUndefined();
   });
+
+  it("removes fresh live locks when the owner is not an OpenClaw process", async () => {
+    const sessionsDir = state.sessionsDir();
+    await fs.mkdir(sessionsDir, { recursive: true });
+
+    const falseLiveLock = path.join(sessionsDir, "false-live.jsonl.lock");
+    await fs.writeFile(
+      falseLiveLock,
+      JSON.stringify({ pid: process.pid, createdAt: new Date().toISOString() }),
+      "utf8",
+    );
+
+    await noteSessionLockHealth({
+      shouldRepair: true,
+      staleMs: 60_000,
+      readOwnerProcessArgs: () => ["python", "worker.py"],
+    });
+
+    expect(note).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(1);
+    const [message] = note.mock.calls[0] as [string, string];
+    expect(message).toContain("stale=yes (non-openclaw-owner)");
+    expect(message).toContain("[removed]");
+    expect(message).toContain("Removed 1 stale session lock file");
+    await expect(fs.access(falseLiveLock)).rejects.toThrow();
+  });
 });
diff --git a/src/commands/doctor-session-locks.ts b/src/commands/doctor-session-locks.ts
index d7331c6cf0b..c7377783c3f 100644
--- a/src/commands/doctor-session-locks.ts
+++ b/src/commands/doctor-session-locks.ts
@@ -1,5 +1,9 @@
 import { resolveAgentSessionDirs } from "../agents/session-dirs.js";
-import { cleanStaleLockFiles, type SessionLockInspection } from "../agents/session-write-lock.js";
+import {
+  cleanStaleLockFiles,
+  type SessionLockInspection,
+  type SessionLockOwnerProcessArgsReader,
+} from "../agents/session-write-lock.js";
 import { resolveStateDir } from "../config/paths.js";
 import { note } from "../terminal/note.js";
 import { shortenHomePath } from "../utils.js";
@@ -35,7 +39,11 @@ function formatLockLine(lock: SessionLockInspection): string {
   return `- ${shortenHomePath(lock.lockPath)} ${pidStatus} ${ageStatus} ${staleStatus}${removedStatus}`;
 }
 
-export async function noteSessionLockHealth(params?: { shouldRepair?: boolean; staleMs?: number }) {
+export async function noteSessionLockHealth(params?: {
+  shouldRepair?: boolean;
+  staleMs?: number;
+  readOwnerProcessArgs?: SessionLockOwnerProcessArgsReader;
+}) {
   const shouldRepair = params?.shouldRepair === true;
   const staleMs = params?.staleMs ?? DEFAULT_STALE_MS;
   let sessionDirs: string[] = [];
@@ -56,6 +64,7 @@ export async function noteSessionLockHealth(params?: { shouldRepair?: boolean; s
       sessionsDir,
       staleMs,
       removeStale: shouldRepair,
+      readOwnerProcessArgs: params?.readOwnerProcessArgs,
     });
     allLocks.push(...result.locks);
   }