Merge branch 'main' into plus

internal/api/handlers/management/api_tools.go

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 package management
 
 import (
+	"bytes"
 	"context"
 	"encoding/json"
 	"fmt"
@@ -10,6 +11,7 @@ import (
 	"strings"
 	"time"
 
+	"github.com/fxamacker/cbor/v2"
 	"github.com/gin-gonic/gin"
 	"github.com/router-for-me/CLIProxyAPI/v6/internal/runtime/geminicli"
 	coreauth "github.com/router-for-me/CLIProxyAPI/v6/sdk/cliproxy/auth"
@@ -53,6 +55,7 @@ type apiCallResponse struct {
 	StatusCode int                 `json:"status_code"`
 	Header     map[string][]string `json:"header"`
 	Body       string              `json:"body"`
+	Quota      *QuotaSnapshots     `json:"quota,omitempty"`
 }
 
 // APICall makes a generic HTTP request on behalf of the management API caller.
@@ -69,7 +72,7 @@ type apiCallResponse struct {
 //	- Authorization: Bearer <key>
 //	- X-Management-Key: <key>
 //
-// Request JSON:
+// Request JSON (supports both application/json and application/cbor):
 //   - auth_index / authIndex / AuthIndex (optional):
 //     The credential "auth_index" from GET /v0/management/auth-files (or other endpoints returning it).
 //     If omitted or not found, credential-specific proxy/token substitution is skipped.
@@ -89,10 +92,14 @@ type apiCallResponse struct {
 //  2. Global config proxy-url
 //  3. Direct connect (environment proxies are not used)
 //
-// Response JSON (returned with HTTP 200 when the APICall itself succeeds):
-//   - status_code: Upstream HTTP status code.
-//   - header: Upstream response headers.
-//   - body: Upstream response body as string.
+// Response (returned with HTTP 200 when the APICall itself succeeds):
+//
+//	Format matches request Content-Type (application/json or application/cbor)
+//	- status_code: Upstream HTTP status code.
+//	- header: Upstream response headers.
+//	- body: Upstream response body as string.
+//	- quota (optional): For GitHub Copilot enterprise accounts, contains quota_snapshots
+//	  with details for chat, completions, and premium_interactions.
 //
 // Example:
 //
@@ -106,10 +113,28 @@ type apiCallResponse struct {
 //	  -H "Content-Type: application/json" \
 //	  -d '{"auth_index":"<AUTH_INDEX>","method":"POST","url":"https://api.example.com/v1/fetchAvailableModels","header":{"Authorization":"Bearer $TOKEN$","Content-Type":"application/json","User-Agent":"cliproxyapi"},"data":"{}"}'
 func (h *Handler) APICall(c *gin.Context) {
+	// Detect content type
+	contentType := strings.ToLower(strings.TrimSpace(c.GetHeader("Content-Type")))
+	isCBOR := strings.Contains(contentType, "application/cbor")
+
 	var body apiCallRequest
-	if errBindJSON := c.ShouldBindJSON(&body); errBindJSON != nil {
-		c.JSON(http.StatusBadRequest, gin.H{"error": "invalid body"})
-		return
+
+	// Parse request body based on content type
+	if isCBOR {
+		rawBody, errRead := io.ReadAll(c.Request.Body)
+		if errRead != nil {
+			c.JSON(http.StatusBadRequest, gin.H{"error": "failed to read request body"})
+			return
+		}
+		if errUnmarshal := cbor.Unmarshal(rawBody, &body); errUnmarshal != nil {
+			c.JSON(http.StatusBadRequest, gin.H{"error": "invalid cbor body"})
+			return
+		}
+	} else {
+		if errBindJSON := c.ShouldBindJSON(&body); errBindJSON != nil {
+			c.JSON(http.StatusBadRequest, gin.H{"error": "invalid body"})
+			return
+		}
 	}
 
 	method := strings.ToUpper(strings.TrimSpace(body.Method))
@@ -163,9 +188,21 @@ func (h *Handler) APICall(c *gin.Context) {
 		reqHeaders[key] = strings.ReplaceAll(value, "$TOKEN$", token)
 	}
 
+	// When caller indicates CBOR in request headers, convert JSON string payload to CBOR bytes.
+	useCBORPayload := headerContainsValue(reqHeaders, "Content-Type", "application/cbor")
+
 	var requestBody io.Reader
 	if body.Data != "" {
-		requestBody = strings.NewReader(body.Data)
+		if useCBORPayload {
+			cborPayload, errEncode := encodeJSONStringToCBOR(body.Data)
+			if errEncode != nil {
+				c.JSON(http.StatusBadRequest, gin.H{"error": "invalid json data for cbor content-type"})
+				return
+			}
+			requestBody = bytes.NewReader(cborPayload)
+		} else {
+			requestBody = strings.NewReader(body.Data)
+		}
 	}
 
 	req, errNewRequest := http.NewRequestWithContext(c.Request.Context(), method, urlStr, requestBody)
@@ -208,11 +245,38 @@ func (h *Handler) APICall(c *gin.Context) {
 		return
 	}
 
-	c.JSON(http.StatusOK, apiCallResponse{
+	// For CBOR upstream responses, decode into plain text or JSON string before returning.
+	responseBodyText := string(respBody)
+	if headerContainsValue(reqHeaders, "Accept", "application/cbor") || strings.Contains(strings.ToLower(resp.Header.Get("Content-Type")), "application/cbor") {
+		if decodedBody, errDecode := decodeCBORBodyToTextOrJSON(respBody); errDecode == nil {
+			responseBodyText = decodedBody
+		}
+	}
+
+	response := apiCallResponse{
 		StatusCode: resp.StatusCode,
 		Header:     resp.Header,
-		Body:       string(respBody),
-	})
+		Body:       responseBodyText,
+	}
+
+	// If this is a GitHub Copilot token endpoint response, try to enrich with quota information
+	if resp.StatusCode == http.StatusOK &&
+		strings.Contains(urlStr, "copilot_internal") &&
+		strings.Contains(urlStr, "/token") {
+		response = h.enrichCopilotTokenResponse(c.Request.Context(), response, auth, urlStr)
+	}
+
+	// Return response in the same format as the request
+	if isCBOR {
+		cborData, errMarshal := cbor.Marshal(response)
+		if errMarshal != nil {
+			c.JSON(http.StatusInternalServerError, gin.H{"error": "failed to encode cbor response"})
+			return
+		}
+		c.Data(http.StatusOK, "application/cbor", cborData)
+	} else {
+		c.JSON(http.StatusOK, response)
+	}
 }
 
 func firstNonEmptyString(values ...*string) string {
@@ -666,3 +730,421 @@ func buildProxyTransport(proxyStr string) *http.Transport {
 	}
 	return transport
 }
+
+// headerContainsValue checks whether a header map contains a target value (case-insensitive key and value).
+func headerContainsValue(headers map[string]string, targetKey, targetValue string) bool {
+	if len(headers) == 0 {
+		return false
+	}
+	for key, value := range headers {
+		if !strings.EqualFold(strings.TrimSpace(key), strings.TrimSpace(targetKey)) {
+			continue
+		}
+		if strings.Contains(strings.ToLower(value), strings.ToLower(strings.TrimSpace(targetValue))) {
+			return true
+		}
+	}
+	return false
+}
+
+// encodeJSONStringToCBOR converts a JSON string payload into CBOR bytes.
+func encodeJSONStringToCBOR(jsonString string) ([]byte, error) {
+	var payload any
+	if errUnmarshal := json.Unmarshal([]byte(jsonString), &payload); errUnmarshal != nil {
+		return nil, errUnmarshal
+	}
+	return cbor.Marshal(payload)
+}
+
+// decodeCBORBodyToTextOrJSON decodes CBOR bytes to plain text (for string payloads) or JSON string.
+func decodeCBORBodyToTextOrJSON(raw []byte) (string, error) {
+	if len(raw) == 0 {
+		return "", nil
+	}
+
+	var payload any
+	if errUnmarshal := cbor.Unmarshal(raw, &payload); errUnmarshal != nil {
+		return "", errUnmarshal
+	}
+
+	jsonCompatible := cborValueToJSONCompatible(payload)
+	switch typed := jsonCompatible.(type) {
+	case string:
+		return typed, nil
+	case []byte:
+		return string(typed), nil
+	default:
+		jsonBytes, errMarshal := json.Marshal(jsonCompatible)
+		if errMarshal != nil {
+			return "", errMarshal
+		}
+		return string(jsonBytes), nil
+	}
+}
+
+// cborValueToJSONCompatible recursively converts CBOR-decoded values into JSON-marshalable values.
+func cborValueToJSONCompatible(value any) any {
+	switch typed := value.(type) {
+	case map[any]any:
+		out := make(map[string]any, len(typed))
+		for key, item := range typed {
+			out[fmt.Sprint(key)] = cborValueToJSONCompatible(item)
+		}
+		return out
+	case map[string]any:
+		out := make(map[string]any, len(typed))
+		for key, item := range typed {
+			out[key] = cborValueToJSONCompatible(item)
+		}
+		return out
+	case []any:
+		out := make([]any, len(typed))
+		for i, item := range typed {
+			out[i] = cborValueToJSONCompatible(item)
+		}
+		return out
+	default:
+		return typed
+	}
+}
+
+// QuotaDetail represents quota information for a specific resource type
+type QuotaDetail struct {
+	Entitlement      float64 `json:"entitlement"`
+	OverageCount     float64 `json:"overage_count"`
+	OveragePermitted bool    `json:"overage_permitted"`
+	PercentRemaining float64 `json:"percent_remaining"`
+	QuotaID          string  `json:"quota_id"`
+	QuotaRemaining   float64 `json:"quota_remaining"`
+	Remaining        float64 `json:"remaining"`
+	Unlimited        bool    `json:"unlimited"`
+}
+
+// QuotaSnapshots contains quota details for different resource types
+type QuotaSnapshots struct {
+	Chat                QuotaDetail `json:"chat"`
+	Completions         QuotaDetail `json:"completions"`
+	PremiumInteractions QuotaDetail `json:"premium_interactions"`
+}
+
+// CopilotUsageResponse represents the GitHub Copilot usage information
+type CopilotUsageResponse struct {
+	AccessTypeSKU         string         `json:"access_type_sku"`
+	AnalyticsTrackingID   string         `json:"analytics_tracking_id"`
+	AssignedDate          string         `json:"assigned_date"`
+	CanSignupForLimited   bool           `json:"can_signup_for_limited"`
+	ChatEnabled           bool           `json:"chat_enabled"`
+	CopilotPlan           string         `json:"copilot_plan"`
+	OrganizationLoginList []interface{}  `json:"organization_login_list"`
+	OrganizationList      []interface{}  `json:"organization_list"`
+	QuotaResetDate        string         `json:"quota_reset_date"`
+	QuotaSnapshots        QuotaSnapshots `json:"quota_snapshots"`
+}
+
+type copilotQuotaRequest struct {
+	AuthIndexSnake  *string `json:"auth_index"`
+	AuthIndexCamel  *string `json:"authIndex"`
+	AuthIndexPascal *string `json:"AuthIndex"`
+}
+
+// GetCopilotQuota fetches GitHub Copilot quota information from the /copilot_internal/user endpoint.
+//
+// Endpoint:
+//
+//	GET /v0/management/copilot-quota
+//
+// Query Parameters (optional):
+//   - auth_index: The credential "auth_index" from GET /v0/management/auth-files.
+//     If omitted, uses the first available GitHub Copilot credential.
+//
+// Response:
+//
+//	Returns the CopilotUsageResponse with quota_snapshots containing detailed quota information
+//	for chat, completions, and premium_interactions.
+//
+// Example:
+//
+//	curl -sS -X GET "http://127.0.0.1:8317/v0/management/copilot-quota?auth_index=<AUTH_INDEX>" \
+//	  -H "Authorization: Bearer <MANAGEMENT_KEY>"
+func (h *Handler) GetCopilotQuota(c *gin.Context) {
+	authIndex := strings.TrimSpace(c.Query("auth_index"))
+	if authIndex == "" {
+		authIndex = strings.TrimSpace(c.Query("authIndex"))
+	}
+	if authIndex == "" {
+		authIndex = strings.TrimSpace(c.Query("AuthIndex"))
+	}
+
+	auth := h.findCopilotAuth(authIndex)
+	if auth == nil {
+		c.JSON(http.StatusBadRequest, gin.H{"error": "no github copilot credential found"})
+		return
+	}
+
+	token, tokenErr := h.resolveTokenForAuth(c.Request.Context(), auth)
+	if tokenErr != nil {
+		c.JSON(http.StatusBadRequest, gin.H{"error": "failed to refresh copilot token"})
+		return
+	}
+	if token == "" {
+		c.JSON(http.StatusBadRequest, gin.H{"error": "copilot token not found"})
+		return
+	}
+
+	apiURL := "https://api.github.com/copilot_internal/user"
+	req, errNewRequest := http.NewRequestWithContext(c.Request.Context(), http.MethodGet, apiURL, nil)
+	if errNewRequest != nil {
+		c.JSON(http.StatusInternalServerError, gin.H{"error": "failed to build request"})
+		return
+	}
+
+	req.Header.Set("Authorization", "Bearer "+token)
+	req.Header.Set("User-Agent", "CLIProxyAPIPlus")
+	req.Header.Set("Accept", "application/json")
+
+	httpClient := &http.Client{
+		Timeout:   defaultAPICallTimeout,
+		Transport: h.apiCallTransport(auth),
+	}
+
+	resp, errDo := httpClient.Do(req)
+	if errDo != nil {
+		log.WithError(errDo).Debug("copilot quota request failed")
+		c.JSON(http.StatusBadGateway, gin.H{"error": "request failed"})
+		return
+	}
+	defer func() {
+		if errClose := resp.Body.Close(); errClose != nil {
+			log.Errorf("response body close error: %v", errClose)
+		}
+	}()
+
+	respBody, errReadAll := io.ReadAll(resp.Body)
+	if errReadAll != nil {
+		c.JSON(http.StatusBadGateway, gin.H{"error": "failed to read response"})
+		return
+	}
+
+	if resp.StatusCode != http.StatusOK {
+		c.JSON(http.StatusBadGateway, gin.H{
+			"error":       "github api request failed",
+			"status_code": resp.StatusCode,
+			"body":        string(respBody),
+		})
+		return
+	}
+
+	var usage CopilotUsageResponse
+	if errUnmarshal := json.Unmarshal(respBody, &usage); errUnmarshal != nil {
+		c.JSON(http.StatusInternalServerError, gin.H{"error": "failed to parse response"})
+		return
+	}
+
+	c.JSON(http.StatusOK, usage)
+}
+
+// findCopilotAuth locates a GitHub Copilot credential by auth_index or returns the first available one
+func (h *Handler) findCopilotAuth(authIndex string) *coreauth.Auth {
+	if h == nil || h.authManager == nil {
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	auths := h.authManager.List()
+	var firstCopilot *coreauth.Auth
+
+	for _, auth := range auths {
+		if auth == nil {
+			continue
+		}
+
+		provider := strings.ToLower(strings.TrimSpace(auth.Provider))
+		if provider != "copilot" && provider != "github" && provider != "github-copilot" {
+			continue
+		}
+
+		if firstCopilot == nil {
+			firstCopilot = auth
+		}
+
+		if authIndex != "" {
+			auth.EnsureIndex()
+			if auth.Index == authIndex {
+				return auth
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	return firstCopilot
+}
+
+// enrichCopilotTokenResponse fetches quota information and adds it to the Copilot token response body
+func (h *Handler) enrichCopilotTokenResponse(ctx context.Context, response apiCallResponse, auth *coreauth.Auth, originalURL string) apiCallResponse {
+	if auth == nil || response.Body == "" {
+		return response
+	}
+
+	// Parse the token response to check if it's enterprise (null limited_user_quotas)
+	var tokenResp map[string]interface{}
+	if err := json.Unmarshal([]byte(response.Body), &tokenResp); err != nil {
+		log.WithError(err).Debug("enrichCopilotTokenResponse: failed to parse copilot token response")
+		return response
+	}
+
+	// Get the GitHub token to call the copilot_internal/user endpoint
+	token, tokenErr := h.resolveTokenForAuth(ctx, auth)
+	if tokenErr != nil {
+		log.WithError(tokenErr).Debug("enrichCopilotTokenResponse: failed to resolve token")
+		return response
+	}
+	if token == "" {
+		return response
+	}
+
+	// Fetch quota information from /copilot_internal/user
+	// Derive the base URL from the original token request to support proxies and test servers
+	parsedURL, errParse := url.Parse(originalURL)
+	if errParse != nil {
+		log.WithError(errParse).Debug("enrichCopilotTokenResponse: failed to parse URL")
+		return response
+	}
+	quotaURL := fmt.Sprintf("%s://%s/copilot_internal/user", parsedURL.Scheme, parsedURL.Host)
+
+	req, errNewRequest := http.NewRequestWithContext(ctx, http.MethodGet, quotaURL, nil)
+	if errNewRequest != nil {
+		log.WithError(errNewRequest).Debug("enrichCopilotTokenResponse: failed to build request")
+		return response
+	}
+
+	req.Header.Set("Authorization", "Bearer "+token)
+	req.Header.Set("User-Agent", "CLIProxyAPIPlus")
+	req.Header.Set("Accept", "application/json")
+
+	httpClient := &http.Client{
+		Timeout:   defaultAPICallTimeout,
+		Transport: h.apiCallTransport(auth),
+	}
+
+	quotaResp, errDo := httpClient.Do(req)
+	if errDo != nil {
+		log.WithError(errDo).Debug("enrichCopilotTokenResponse: quota fetch HTTP request failed")
+		return response
+	}
+
+	defer func() {
+		if errClose := quotaResp.Body.Close(); errClose != nil {
+			log.Errorf("quota response body close error: %v", errClose)
+		}
+	}()
+
+	if quotaResp.StatusCode != http.StatusOK {
+		return response
+	}
+
+	quotaBody, errReadAll := io.ReadAll(quotaResp.Body)
+	if errReadAll != nil {
+		log.WithError(errReadAll).Debug("enrichCopilotTokenResponse: failed to read response")
+		return response
+	}
+
+	// Parse the quota response
+	var quotaData CopilotUsageResponse
+	if err := json.Unmarshal(quotaBody, &quotaData); err != nil {
+		log.WithError(err).Debug("enrichCopilotTokenResponse: failed to parse response")
+		return response
+	}
+
+	// Check if this is an enterprise account by looking for quota_snapshots in the response
+	// Enterprise accounts have quota_snapshots, non-enterprise have limited_user_quotas
+	var quotaRaw map[string]interface{}
+	if err := json.Unmarshal(quotaBody, &quotaRaw); err == nil {
+		if _, hasQuotaSnapshots := quotaRaw["quota_snapshots"]; hasQuotaSnapshots {
+			// Enterprise account - has quota_snapshots
+			tokenResp["quota_snapshots"] = quotaData.QuotaSnapshots
+			tokenResp["access_type_sku"] = quotaData.AccessTypeSKU
+			tokenResp["copilot_plan"] = quotaData.CopilotPlan
+
+			// Add quota reset date for enterprise (quota_reset_date_utc)
+			if quotaResetDateUTC, ok := quotaRaw["quota_reset_date_utc"]; ok {
+				tokenResp["quota_reset_date"] = quotaResetDateUTC
+			} else if quotaData.QuotaResetDate != "" {
+				tokenResp["quota_reset_date"] = quotaData.QuotaResetDate
+			}
+		} else {
+			// Non-enterprise account - build quota from limited_user_quotas and monthly_quotas
+			var quotaSnapshots QuotaSnapshots
+
+			// Get monthly quotas (total entitlement) and limited_user_quotas (remaining)
+			monthlyQuotas, hasMonthly := quotaRaw["monthly_quotas"].(map[string]interface{})
+			limitedQuotas, hasLimited := quotaRaw["limited_user_quotas"].(map[string]interface{})
+
+			// Process chat quota
+			if hasMonthly && hasLimited {
+				if chatTotal, ok := monthlyQuotas["chat"].(float64); ok {
+					chatRemaining := chatTotal // default to full if no limited quota
+					if chatLimited, ok := limitedQuotas["chat"].(float64); ok {
+						chatRemaining = chatLimited
+					}
+					percentRemaining := 0.0
+					if chatTotal > 0 {
+						percentRemaining = (chatRemaining / chatTotal) * 100.0
+					}
+					quotaSnapshots.Chat = QuotaDetail{
+						Entitlement:      chatTotal,
+						Remaining:        chatRemaining,
+						QuotaRemaining:   chatRemaining,
+						PercentRemaining: percentRemaining,
+						QuotaID:          "chat",
+						Unlimited:        false,
+					}
+				}
+
+				// Process completions quota
+				if completionsTotal, ok := monthlyQuotas["completions"].(float64); ok {
+					completionsRemaining := completionsTotal // default to full if no limited quota
+					if completionsLimited, ok := limitedQuotas["completions"].(float64); ok {
+						completionsRemaining = completionsLimited
+					}
+					percentRemaining := 0.0
+					if completionsTotal > 0 {
+						percentRemaining = (completionsRemaining / completionsTotal) * 100.0
+					}
+					quotaSnapshots.Completions = QuotaDetail{
+						Entitlement:      completionsTotal,
+						Remaining:        completionsRemaining,
+						QuotaRemaining:   completionsRemaining,
+						PercentRemaining: percentRemaining,
+						QuotaID:          "completions",
+						Unlimited:        false,
+					}
+				}
+			}
+
+			// Premium interactions don't exist for non-enterprise, leave as zero values
+			quotaSnapshots.PremiumInteractions = QuotaDetail{
+				QuotaID:   "premium_interactions",
+				Unlimited: false,
+			}
+
+			// Add quota_snapshots to the token response
+			tokenResp["quota_snapshots"] = quotaSnapshots
+			tokenResp["access_type_sku"] = quotaData.AccessTypeSKU
+			tokenResp["copilot_plan"] = quotaData.CopilotPlan
+
+			// Add quota reset date for non-enterprise (limited_user_reset_date)
+			if limitedResetDate, ok := quotaRaw["limited_user_reset_date"]; ok {
+				tokenResp["quota_reset_date"] = limitedResetDate
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	// Re-serialize the enriched response
+	enrichedBody, errMarshal := json.Marshal(tokenResp)
+	if errMarshal != nil {
+		log.WithError(errMarshal).Debug("failed to marshal enriched response")
+		return response
+	}
+
+	response.Body = string(enrichedBody)
+
+	return response
+}

internal/api/handlers/management/api_tools_cbor_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,149 @@
+package management
+
+import (
+	"bytes"
+	"encoding/json"
+	"net/http"
+	"net/http/httptest"
+	"testing"
+
+	"github.com/fxamacker/cbor/v2"
+	"github.com/gin-gonic/gin"
+)
+
+func TestAPICall_CBOR_Support(t *testing.T) {
+	gin.SetMode(gin.TestMode)
+
+	// Create a test handler
+	h := &Handler{}
+
+	// Create test request data
+	reqData := apiCallRequest{
+		Method: "GET",
+		URL:    "https://httpbin.org/get",
+		Header: map[string]string{
+			"User-Agent": "test-client",
+		},
+	}
+
+	t.Run("JSON request and response", func(t *testing.T) {
+		// Marshal request as JSON
+		jsonData, err := json.Marshal(reqData)
+		if err != nil {
+			t.Fatalf("Failed to marshal JSON: %v", err)
+		}
+
+		// Create HTTP request
+		req := httptest.NewRequest(http.MethodPost, "/v0/management/api-call", bytes.NewReader(jsonData))
+		req.Header.Set("Content-Type", "application/json")
+
+		// Create response recorder
+		w := httptest.NewRecorder()
+
+		// Create Gin context
+		c, _ := gin.CreateTestContext(w)
+		c.Request = req
+
+		// Call handler
+		h.APICall(c)
+
+		// Verify response
+		if w.Code != http.StatusOK && w.Code != http.StatusBadGateway {
+			t.Logf("Response status: %d", w.Code)
+			t.Logf("Response body: %s", w.Body.String())
+		}
+
+		// Check content type
+		contentType := w.Header().Get("Content-Type")
+		if w.Code == http.StatusOK && !contains(contentType, "application/json") {
+			t.Errorf("Expected JSON response, got: %s", contentType)
+		}
+	})
+
+	t.Run("CBOR request and response", func(t *testing.T) {
+		// Marshal request as CBOR
+		cborData, err := cbor.Marshal(reqData)
+		if err != nil {
+			t.Fatalf("Failed to marshal CBOR: %v", err)
+		}
+
+		// Create HTTP request
+		req := httptest.NewRequest(http.MethodPost, "/v0/management/api-call", bytes.NewReader(cborData))
+		req.Header.Set("Content-Type", "application/cbor")
+
+		// Create response recorder
+		w := httptest.NewRecorder()
+
+		// Create Gin context
+		c, _ := gin.CreateTestContext(w)
+		c.Request = req
+
+		// Call handler
+		h.APICall(c)
+
+		// Verify response
+		if w.Code != http.StatusOK && w.Code != http.StatusBadGateway {
+			t.Logf("Response status: %d", w.Code)
+			t.Logf("Response body: %s", w.Body.String())
+		}
+
+		// Check content type
+		contentType := w.Header().Get("Content-Type")
+		if w.Code == http.StatusOK && !contains(contentType, "application/cbor") {
+			t.Errorf("Expected CBOR response, got: %s", contentType)
+		}
+
+		// Try to decode CBOR response
+		if w.Code == http.StatusOK {
+			var response apiCallResponse
+			if err := cbor.Unmarshal(w.Body.Bytes(), &response); err != nil {
+				t.Errorf("Failed to unmarshal CBOR response: %v", err)
+			} else {
+				t.Logf("CBOR response decoded successfully: status_code=%d", response.StatusCode)
+			}
+		}
+	})
+
+	t.Run("CBOR encoding and decoding consistency", func(t *testing.T) {
+		// Test data
+		testReq := apiCallRequest{
+			Method: "POST",
+			URL:    "https://example.com/api",
+			Header: map[string]string{
+				"Authorization": "Bearer $TOKEN$",
+				"Content-Type":  "application/json",
+			},
+			Data: `{"key":"value"}`,
+		}
+
+		// Encode to CBOR
+		cborData, err := cbor.Marshal(testReq)
+		if err != nil {
+			t.Fatalf("Failed to marshal to CBOR: %v", err)
+		}
+
+		// Decode from CBOR
+		var decoded apiCallRequest
+		if err := cbor.Unmarshal(cborData, &decoded); err != nil {
+			t.Fatalf("Failed to unmarshal from CBOR: %v", err)
+		}
+
+		// Verify fields
+		if decoded.Method != testReq.Method {
+			t.Errorf("Method mismatch: got %s, want %s", decoded.Method, testReq.Method)
+		}
+		if decoded.URL != testReq.URL {
+			t.Errorf("URL mismatch: got %s, want %s", decoded.URL, testReq.URL)
+		}
+		if decoded.Data != testReq.Data {
+			t.Errorf("Data mismatch: got %s, want %s", decoded.Data, testReq.Data)
+		}
+		if len(decoded.Header) != len(testReq.Header) {
+			t.Errorf("Header count mismatch: got %d, want %d", len(decoded.Header), len(testReq.Header))
+		}
+	})
+}
+
+func contains(s, substr string) bool {
+	return len(s) > 0 && len(substr) > 0 && (s == substr || len(s) >= len(substr) && s[:len(substr)] == substr || bytes.Contains([]byte(s), []byte(substr)))
+}

internal/api/handlers/management/auth_files_gitlab_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,164 @@
+package management
+
+import (
+	"encoding/json"
+	"net/http"
+	"net/http/httptest"
+	"os"
+	"path/filepath"
+	"strings"
+	"testing"
+
+	"github.com/gin-gonic/gin"
+	"github.com/router-for-me/CLIProxyAPI/v6/internal/config"
+	coreauth "github.com/router-for-me/CLIProxyAPI/v6/sdk/cliproxy/auth"
+)
+
+func TestRequestGitLabPATToken_SavesAuthRecord(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Setenv("MANAGEMENT_PASSWORD", "")
+	gin.SetMode(gin.TestMode)
+
+	upstream := httptest.NewServer(http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
+		if got := r.Header.Get("Authorization"); got != "Bearer glpat-test-token" {
+			t.Fatalf("authorization header = %q, want Bearer glpat-test-token", got)
+		}
+
+		w.Header().Set("Content-Type", "application/json")
+		switch r.URL.Path {
+		case "/api/v4/user":
+			_ = json.NewEncoder(w).Encode(map[string]any{
+				"id":       42,
+				"username": "gitlab-user",
+				"name":     "GitLab User",
+				"email":    "gitlab@example.com",
+			})
+		case "/api/v4/personal_access_tokens/self":
+			_ = json.NewEncoder(w).Encode(map[string]any{
+				"id":      7,
+				"name":    "management-center",
+				"scopes":  []string{"api", "read_user"},
+				"user_id": 42,
+			})
+		case "/api/v4/code_suggestions/direct_access":
+			_ = json.NewEncoder(w).Encode(map[string]any{
+				"base_url":   "https://cloud.gitlab.example.com",
+				"token":      "gateway-token",
+				"expires_at": 1893456000,
+				"headers": map[string]string{
+					"X-Gitlab-Realm": "saas",
+				},
+				"model_details": map[string]any{
+					"model_provider": "anthropic",
+					"model_name":     "claude-sonnet-4-5",
+				},
+			})
+		default:
+			http.NotFound(w, r)
+		}
+	}))
+	defer upstream.Close()
+
+	store := &memoryAuthStore{}
+	h := NewHandlerWithoutConfigFilePath(&config.Config{AuthDir: t.TempDir()}, coreauth.NewManager(nil, nil, nil))
+	h.tokenStore = store
+
+	rec := httptest.NewRecorder()
+	ctx, _ := gin.CreateTestContext(rec)
+	ctx.Request = httptest.NewRequest(http.MethodPost, "/v0/management/gitlab-auth-url", strings.NewReader(`{"base_url":"`+upstream.URL+`","personal_access_token":"glpat-test-token"}`))
+	ctx.Request.Header.Set("Content-Type", "application/json")
+
+	h.RequestGitLabPATToken(ctx)
+
+	if rec.Code != http.StatusOK {
+		t.Fatalf("expected status %d, got %d with body %s", http.StatusOK, rec.Code, rec.Body.String())
+	}
+
+	var resp map[string]any
+	if err := json.Unmarshal(rec.Body.Bytes(), &resp); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("decode response: %v", err)
+	}
+	if got := resp["status"]; got != "ok" {
+		t.Fatalf("status = %#v, want ok", got)
+	}
+	if got := resp["model_provider"]; got != "anthropic" {
+		t.Fatalf("model_provider = %#v, want anthropic", got)
+	}
+	if got := resp["model_name"]; got != "claude-sonnet-4-5" {
+		t.Fatalf("model_name = %#v, want claude-sonnet-4-5", got)
+	}
+
+	store.mu.Lock()
+	defer store.mu.Unlock()
+	if len(store.items) != 1 {
+		t.Fatalf("expected 1 saved auth record, got %d", len(store.items))
+	}
+	var saved *coreauth.Auth
+	for _, item := range store.items {
+		saved = item
+	}
+	if saved == nil {
+		t.Fatal("expected saved auth record")
+	}
+	if saved.Provider != "gitlab" {
+		t.Fatalf("provider = %q, want gitlab", saved.Provider)
+	}
+	if got := saved.Metadata["auth_kind"]; got != "personal_access_token" {
+		t.Fatalf("auth_kind = %#v, want personal_access_token", got)
+	}
+	if got := saved.Metadata["model_provider"]; got != "anthropic" {
+		t.Fatalf("saved model_provider = %#v, want anthropic", got)
+	}
+	if got := saved.Metadata["duo_gateway_token"]; got != "gateway-token" {
+		t.Fatalf("saved duo_gateway_token = %#v, want gateway-token", got)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestPostOAuthCallback_GitLabWritesPendingCallbackFile(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Setenv("MANAGEMENT_PASSWORD", "")
+	gin.SetMode(gin.TestMode)
+
+	authDir := t.TempDir()
+	state := "gitlab-state-123"
+	RegisterOAuthSession(state, "gitlab")
+	t.Cleanup(func() { CompleteOAuthSession(state) })
+
+	h := NewHandlerWithoutConfigFilePath(&config.Config{AuthDir: authDir}, coreauth.NewManager(nil, nil, nil))
+
+	rec := httptest.NewRecorder()
+	ctx, _ := gin.CreateTestContext(rec)
+	ctx.Request = httptest.NewRequest(http.MethodPost, "/v0/management/oauth-callback", strings.NewReader(`{"provider":"gitlab","redirect_url":"http://localhost:17171/auth/callback?code=test-code&state=`+state+`"}`))
+	ctx.Request.Header.Set("Content-Type", "application/json")
+
+	h.PostOAuthCallback(ctx)
+
+	if rec.Code != http.StatusOK {
+		t.Fatalf("expected status %d, got %d with body %s", http.StatusOK, rec.Code, rec.Body.String())
+	}
+
+	filePath := filepath.Join(authDir, ".oauth-gitlab-"+state+".oauth")
+	data, err := os.ReadFile(filePath)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("read callback file: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	var payload map[string]string
+	if err := json.Unmarshal(data, &payload); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("decode callback payload: %v", err)
+	}
+	if got := payload["code"]; got != "test-code" {
+		t.Fatalf("callback code = %q, want test-code", got)
+	}
+	if got := payload["state"]; got != state {
+		t.Fatalf("callback state = %q, want %q", got, state)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestNormalizeOAuthProvider_GitLab(t *testing.T) {
+	provider, err := NormalizeOAuthProvider("gitlab")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("NormalizeOAuthProvider returned error: %v", err)
+	}
+	if provider != "gitlab" {
+		t.Fatalf("provider = %q, want gitlab", provider)
+	}
+}

internal/api/handlers/management/config_basic.go

@@ -19,8 +19,8 @@ import (
 )
 
 const (
-	latestReleaseURL       = "https://api.github.com/repos/router-for-me/CLIProxyAPI/releases/latest"
-	latestReleaseUserAgent = "CLIProxyAPI"
+	latestReleaseURL       = "https://api.github.com/repos/router-for-me/CLIProxyAPIPlus/releases/latest"
+	latestReleaseUserAgent = "CLIProxyAPIPlus"
 )
 
 func (h *Handler) GetConfig(c *gin.Context) {

internal/api/handlers/management/config_lists.go

@@ -761,18 +761,22 @@ func (h *Handler) PatchOAuthModelAlias(c *gin.Context) {
 	normalizedMap := sanitizedOAuthModelAlias(map[string][]config.OAuthModelAlias{channel: body.Aliases})
 	normalized := normalizedMap[channel]
 	if len(normalized) == 0 {
+		// Only delete if channel exists, otherwise just create empty entry
+		if h.cfg.OAuthModelAlias != nil {
+			if _, ok := h.cfg.OAuthModelAlias[channel]; ok {
+				delete(h.cfg.OAuthModelAlias, channel)
+				if len(h.cfg.OAuthModelAlias) == 0 {
+					h.cfg.OAuthModelAlias = nil
+				}
+				h.persist(c)
+				return
+			}
+		}
+		// Create new channel with empty aliases
 		if h.cfg.OAuthModelAlias == nil {
-			c.JSON(404, gin.H{"error": "channel not found"})
-			return
-		}
-		if _, ok := h.cfg.OAuthModelAlias[channel]; !ok {
-			c.JSON(404, gin.H{"error": "channel not found"})
-			return
-		}
-		delete(h.cfg.OAuthModelAlias, channel)
-		if len(h.cfg.OAuthModelAlias) == 0 {
-			h.cfg.OAuthModelAlias = nil
+			h.cfg.OAuthModelAlias = make(map[string][]config.OAuthModelAlias)
 		}
+		h.cfg.OAuthModelAlias[channel] = []config.OAuthModelAlias{}
 		h.persist(c)
 		return
 	}
@@ -800,10 +804,10 @@ func (h *Handler) DeleteOAuthModelAlias(c *gin.Context) {
 		c.JSON(404, gin.H{"error": "channel not found"})
 		return
 	}
-	delete(h.cfg.OAuthModelAlias, channel)
-	if len(h.cfg.OAuthModelAlias) == 0 {
-		h.cfg.OAuthModelAlias = nil
-	}
+	// Set to nil instead of deleting the key so that the "explicitly disabled"
+	// marker survives config reload and prevents SanitizeOAuthModelAlias from
+	// re-injecting default aliases (fixes #222).
+	h.cfg.OAuthModelAlias[channel] = nil
 	h.persist(c)
 }
 

internal/api/handlers/management/oauth_sessions.go

@@ -158,7 +158,12 @@ func (s *oauthSessionStore) IsPending(state, provider string) bool {
 		return false
 	}
 	if session.Status != "" {
-		return false
+		if !strings.EqualFold(session.Provider, "kiro") {
+			return false
+		}
+		if !strings.HasPrefix(session.Status, "device_code|") && !strings.HasPrefix(session.Status, "auth_url|") {
+			return false
+		}
 	}
 	if provider == "" {
 		return true
@@ -223,6 +228,8 @@ func NormalizeOAuthProvider(provider string) (string, error) {
 		return "anthropic", nil
 	case "codex", "openai":
 		return "codex", nil
+	case "gitlab":
+		return "gitlab", nil
 	case "gemini", "google":
 		return "gemini", nil
 	case "iflow", "i-flow":
@@ -231,6 +238,10 @@ func NormalizeOAuthProvider(provider string) (string, error) {
 		return "antigravity", nil
 	case "qwen":
 		return "qwen", nil
+	case "kiro":
+		return "kiro", nil
+	case "github":
+		return "github", nil
 	default:
 		return "", errUnsupportedOAuthFlow
 	}

internal/api/modules/amp/proxy.go

@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@ import (
 	"errors"
 	"fmt"
 	"io"
+	"net"
 	"net/http"
 	"net/http/httputil"
 	"net/url"
@@ -108,7 +109,15 @@ func createReverseProxy(upstreamURL string, secretSource SecretSource) (*httputi
 	// Modify incoming responses to handle gzip without Content-Encoding
 	// This addresses the same issue as inline handler gzip handling, but at the proxy level
 	proxy.ModifyResponse = func(resp *http.Response) error {
-		// Only process successful responses
+		// Log upstream error responses for diagnostics (502, 503, etc.)
+		// These are NOT proxy connection errors - the upstream responded with an error status
+		if resp.StatusCode >= 500 {
+			log.Errorf("amp upstream responded with error [%d] for %s %s", resp.StatusCode, resp.Request.Method, resp.Request.URL.Path)
+		} else if resp.StatusCode >= 400 {
+			log.Warnf("amp upstream responded with client error [%d] for %s %s", resp.StatusCode, resp.Request.Method, resp.Request.URL.Path)
+		}
+
+		// Only process successful responses for gzip decompression
 		if resp.StatusCode < 200 || resp.StatusCode >= 300 {
 			return nil
 		}
@@ -192,13 +201,29 @@ func createReverseProxy(upstreamURL string, secretSource SecretSource) (*httputi
 		return nil
 	}
 
-	// Error handler for proxy failures
+	// Error handler for proxy failures with detailed error classification for diagnostics
 	proxy.ErrorHandler = func(rw http.ResponseWriter, req *http.Request, err error) {
-		// Client-side cancellations are common during polling; suppress logging in this case
+		// Classify the error type for better diagnostics
+		var errType string
+		if errors.Is(err, context.DeadlineExceeded) {
+			errType = "timeout"
+		} else if errors.Is(err, context.Canceled) {
+			errType = "canceled"
+		} else if netErr, ok := err.(net.Error); ok && netErr.Timeout() {
+			errType = "dial_timeout"
+		} else if _, ok := err.(net.Error); ok {
+			errType = "network_error"
+		} else {
+			errType = "connection_error"
+		}
+
+		// Don't log as error for context canceled - it's usually client closing connection
 		if errors.Is(err, context.Canceled) {
 			return
+		} else {
+			log.Errorf("amp upstream proxy error [%s] for %s %s: %v", errType, req.Method, req.URL.Path, err)
 		}
-		log.Errorf("amp upstream proxy error for %s %s: %v", req.Method, req.URL.Path, err)
+
 		rw.Header().Set("Content-Type", "application/json")
 		rw.WriteHeader(http.StatusBadGateway)
 		_, _ = rw.Write([]byte(`{"error":"amp_upstream_proxy_error","message":"Failed to reach Amp upstream"}`))

internal/api/modules/amp/response_rewriter.go

@@ -35,6 +35,8 @@ func NewResponseRewriter(w gin.ResponseWriter, originalModel string) *ResponseRe
 const maxBufferedResponseBytes = 2 * 1024 * 1024 // 2MB safety cap
 
 func looksLikeSSEChunk(data []byte) bool {
+	// Fallback detection: some upstreams may omit/lie about Content-Type, causing SSE to be buffered.
+	// We conservatively detect SSE by checking for "data:" / "event:" at the start of any line.
 	for _, line := range bytes.Split(data, []byte("\n")) {
 		trimmed := bytes.TrimSpace(line)
 		if bytes.HasPrefix(trimmed, []byte("data:")) ||
@@ -51,8 +53,10 @@ func (rw *ResponseRewriter) enableStreaming(reason string) error {
 	}
 	rw.isStreaming = true
 
+	// Flush any previously buffered data to avoid reordering or data loss.
 	if rw.body != nil && rw.body.Len() > 0 {
 		buf := rw.body.Bytes()
+		// Copy before Reset() to keep bytes stable.
 		toFlush := make([]byte, len(buf))
 		copy(toFlush, buf)
 		rw.body.Reset()
@@ -69,7 +73,9 @@ func (rw *ResponseRewriter) enableStreaming(reason string) error {
 	return nil
 }
 
+// Write intercepts response writes and buffers them for model name replacement
 func (rw *ResponseRewriter) Write(data []byte) (int, error) {
+	// Detect streaming on first write (header-based)
 	if !rw.isStreaming && rw.body.Len() == 0 {
 		contentType := rw.Header().Get("Content-Type")
 		rw.isStreaming = strings.Contains(contentType, "text/event-stream") ||
@@ -77,11 +83,13 @@ func (rw *ResponseRewriter) Write(data []byte) (int, error) {
 	}
 
 	if !rw.isStreaming {
+		// Content-based fallback: detect SSE-like chunks even if Content-Type is missing/wrong.
 		if looksLikeSSEChunk(data) {
 			if err := rw.enableStreaming("sse heuristic"); err != nil {
 				return 0, err
 			}
 		} else if rw.body.Len()+len(data) > maxBufferedResponseBytes {
+			// Safety cap: avoid unbounded buffering on large responses.
 			log.Warnf("amp response rewriter: buffer exceeded %d bytes, switching to streaming", maxBufferedResponseBytes)
 			if err := rw.enableStreaming("buffer limit"); err != nil {
 				return 0, err

internal/api/server.go

@@ -24,6 +24,7 @@ import (
 	"github.com/router-for-me/CLIProxyAPI/v6/internal/api/middleware"
 	"github.com/router-for-me/CLIProxyAPI/v6/internal/api/modules"
 	ampmodule "github.com/router-for-me/CLIProxyAPI/v6/internal/api/modules/amp"
+	"github.com/router-for-me/CLIProxyAPI/v6/internal/auth/kiro"
 	"github.com/router-for-me/CLIProxyAPI/v6/internal/config"
 	"github.com/router-for-me/CLIProxyAPI/v6/internal/logging"
 	"github.com/router-for-me/CLIProxyAPI/v6/internal/managementasset"
@@ -301,6 +302,11 @@ func NewServer(cfg *config.Config, authManager *auth.Manager, accessManager *sdk
 		s.registerManagementRoutes()
 	}
 
+	// === CLIProxyAPIPlus 扩展: 注册 Kiro OAuth Web 路由 ===
+	kiroOAuthHandler := kiro.NewOAuthWebHandler(cfg)
+	kiroOAuthHandler.RegisterRoutes(engine)
+	log.Info("Kiro OAuth Web routes registered at /v0/oauth/kiro/*")
+
 	if optionState.keepAliveEnabled {
 		s.enableKeepAlive(optionState.keepAliveTimeout, optionState.keepAliveOnTimeout)
 	}
@@ -362,6 +368,12 @@ func (s *Server) setupRoutes() {
 			},
 		})
 	})
+
+	// Event logging endpoint - handles Claude Code telemetry requests
+	// Returns 200 OK to prevent 404 errors in logs
+	s.engine.POST("/api/event_logging/batch", func(c *gin.Context) {
+		c.JSON(http.StatusOK, gin.H{"status": "ok"})
+	})
 	s.engine.POST("/v1internal:method", geminiCLIHandlers.CLIHandler)
 
 	// OAuth callback endpoints (reuse main server port)
@@ -395,6 +407,20 @@ func (s *Server) setupRoutes() {
 		c.String(http.StatusOK, oauthCallbackSuccessHTML)
 	})
 
+	s.engine.GET("/gitlab/callback", func(c *gin.Context) {
+		code := c.Query("code")
+		state := c.Query("state")
+		errStr := c.Query("error")
+		if errStr == "" {
+			errStr = c.Query("error_description")
+		}
+		if state != "" {
+			_, _ = managementHandlers.WriteOAuthCallbackFileForPendingSession(s.cfg.AuthDir, "gitlab", state, code, errStr)
+		}
+		c.Header("Content-Type", "text/html; charset=utf-8")
+		c.String(http.StatusOK, oauthCallbackSuccessHTML)
+	})
+
 	s.engine.GET("/google/callback", func(c *gin.Context) {
 		code := c.Query("code")
 		state := c.Query("state")
@@ -437,6 +463,20 @@ func (s *Server) setupRoutes() {
 		c.String(http.StatusOK, oauthCallbackSuccessHTML)
 	})
 
+	s.engine.GET("/kiro/callback", func(c *gin.Context) {
+		code := c.Query("code")
+		state := c.Query("state")
+		errStr := c.Query("error")
+		if errStr == "" {
+			errStr = c.Query("error_description")
+		}
+		if state != "" {
+			_, _ = managementHandlers.WriteOAuthCallbackFileForPendingSession(s.cfg.AuthDir, "kiro", state, code, errStr)
+		}
+		c.Header("Content-Type", "text/html; charset=utf-8")
+		c.String(http.StatusOK, oauthCallbackSuccessHTML)
+	})
+
 	// Management routes are registered lazily by registerManagementRoutes when a secret is configured.
 }
 
@@ -533,6 +573,8 @@ func (s *Server) registerManagementRoutes() {
 		mgmt.PUT("/quota-exceeded/switch-preview-model", s.mgmt.PutSwitchPreviewModel)
 		mgmt.PATCH("/quota-exceeded/switch-preview-model", s.mgmt.PutSwitchPreviewModel)
 
+		mgmt.GET("/copilot-quota", s.mgmt.GetCopilotQuota)
+
 		mgmt.GET("/api-keys", s.mgmt.GetAPIKeys)
 		mgmt.PUT("/api-keys", s.mgmt.PutAPIKeys)
 		mgmt.PATCH("/api-keys", s.mgmt.PatchAPIKeys)
@@ -636,12 +678,18 @@ func (s *Server) registerManagementRoutes() {
 
 		mgmt.GET("/anthropic-auth-url", s.mgmt.RequestAnthropicToken)
 		mgmt.GET("/codex-auth-url", s.mgmt.RequestCodexToken)
+		mgmt.GET("/gitlab-auth-url", s.mgmt.RequestGitLabToken)
+		mgmt.POST("/gitlab-auth-url", s.mgmt.RequestGitLabPATToken)
 		mgmt.GET("/gemini-cli-auth-url", s.mgmt.RequestGeminiCLIToken)
 		mgmt.GET("/antigravity-auth-url", s.mgmt.RequestAntigravityToken)
 		mgmt.GET("/qwen-auth-url", s.mgmt.RequestQwenToken)
+		mgmt.GET("/kilo-auth-url", s.mgmt.RequestKiloToken)
 		mgmt.GET("/kimi-auth-url", s.mgmt.RequestKimiToken)
 		mgmt.GET("/iflow-auth-url", s.mgmt.RequestIFlowToken)
 		mgmt.POST("/iflow-auth-url", s.mgmt.RequestIFlowCookieToken)
+		mgmt.GET("/kiro-auth-url", s.mgmt.RequestKiroToken)
+		mgmt.GET("/cursor-auth-url", s.mgmt.RequestCursorToken)
+		mgmt.GET("/github-auth-url", s.mgmt.RequestGitHubToken)
 		mgmt.POST("/oauth-callback", s.mgmt.PostOAuthCallback)
 		mgmt.GET("/get-auth-status", s.mgmt.GetAuthStatus)
 	}

internal/auth/claude/oauth_server.go

@@ -242,6 +242,11 @@ func (s *OAuthServer) handleSuccess(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
 		platformURL = "https://console.anthropic.com/"
 	}
 
+	// Validate platformURL to prevent XSS - only allow http/https URLs
+	if !isValidURL(platformURL) {
+		platformURL = "https://console.anthropic.com/"
+	}
+
 	// Generate success page HTML with dynamic content
 	successHTML := s.generateSuccessHTML(setupRequired, platformURL)
 
@@ -251,6 +256,12 @@ func (s *OAuthServer) handleSuccess(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
 	}
 }
 
+// isValidURL checks if the URL is a valid http/https URL to prevent XSS
+func isValidURL(urlStr string) bool {
+	urlStr = strings.TrimSpace(urlStr)
+	return strings.HasPrefix(urlStr, "https://") || strings.HasPrefix(urlStr, "http://")
+}
+
 // generateSuccessHTML creates the HTML content for the success page.
 // It customizes the page based on whether additional setup is required
 // and includes a link to the platform.

internal/auth/codebuddy/codebuddy_auth.go

@@ -0,0 +1,335 @@
+package codebuddy
+
+import (
+	"bytes"
+	"context"
+	"encoding/base64"
+	"encoding/json"
+	"fmt"
+	"io"
+	"net/http"
+	"net/url"
+	"strings"
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/google/uuid"
+	log "github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
+
+	"github.com/router-for-me/CLIProxyAPI/v6/internal/config"
+	"github.com/router-for-me/CLIProxyAPI/v6/internal/util"
+)
+
+const (
+	BaseURL       = "https://copilot.tencent.com"
+	DefaultDomain = "www.codebuddy.cn"
+	UserAgent     = "CLI/2.63.2 CodeBuddy/2.63.2"
+
+	codeBuddyStatePath   = "/v2/plugin/auth/state"
+	codeBuddyTokenPath   = "/v2/plugin/auth/token"
+	codeBuddyRefreshPath = "/v2/plugin/auth/token/refresh"
+	pollInterval         = 5 * time.Second
+	maxPollDuration      = 5 * time.Minute
+	codeLoginPending     = 11217
+	codeSuccess          = 0
+)
+
+type CodeBuddyAuth struct {
+	httpClient *http.Client
+	cfg        *config.Config
+	baseURL    string
+}
+
+func NewCodeBuddyAuth(cfg *config.Config) *CodeBuddyAuth {
+	httpClient := &http.Client{Timeout: 30 * time.Second}
+	if cfg != nil {
+		httpClient = util.SetProxy(&cfg.SDKConfig, httpClient)
+	}
+	return &CodeBuddyAuth{httpClient: httpClient, cfg: cfg, baseURL: BaseURL}
+}
+
+// AuthState holds the state and auth URL returned by the auth state API.
+type AuthState struct {
+	State   string
+	AuthURL string
+}
+
+// FetchAuthState calls POST /v2/plugin/auth/state?platform=CLI to get the state and login URL.
+func (a *CodeBuddyAuth) FetchAuthState(ctx context.Context) (*AuthState, error) {
+	stateURL := fmt.Sprintf("%s%s?platform=CLI", a.baseURL, codeBuddyStatePath)
+	body := []byte("{}")
+
+	req, err := http.NewRequestWithContext(ctx, http.MethodPost, stateURL, bytes.NewReader(body))
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("codebuddy: failed to create auth state request: %w", err)
+	}
+
+requestID := uuid.NewString()
+	req.Header.Set("Accept", "application/json, text/plain, */*")
+	req.Header.Set("Content-Type", "application/json")
+	req.Header.Set("X-Requested-With", "XMLHttpRequest")
+	req.Header.Set("X-Domain", "copilot.tencent.com")
+	req.Header.Set("X-No-Authorization", "true")
+	req.Header.Set("X-No-User-Id", "true")
+	req.Header.Set("X-No-Enterprise-Id", "true")
+	req.Header.Set("X-No-Department-Info", "true")
+	req.Header.Set("X-Product", "SaaS")
+	req.Header.Set("User-Agent", UserAgent)
+	req.Header.Set("X-Request-ID", requestID)
+
+	resp, err := a.httpClient.Do(req)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("codebuddy: auth state request failed: %w", err)
+	}
+	defer func() {
+		if errClose := resp.Body.Close(); errClose != nil {
+			log.Errorf("codebuddy auth state: close body error: %v", errClose)
+		}
+	}()
+
+	bodyBytes, err := io.ReadAll(resp.Body)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("codebuddy: failed to read auth state response: %w", err)
+	}
+	if resp.StatusCode != http.StatusOK {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("codebuddy: auth state request returned status %d: %s", resp.StatusCode, string(bodyBytes))
+	}
+
+	var result struct {
+		Code int    `json:"code"`
+		Msg  string `json:"msg"`
+		Data *struct {
+			State   string `json:"state"`
+			AuthURL string `json:"authUrl"`
+		} `json:"data"`
+	}
+	if err = json.Unmarshal(bodyBytes, &result); err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("codebuddy: failed to parse auth state response: %w", err)
+	}
+	if result.Code != codeSuccess {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("codebuddy: auth state request failed with code %d: %s", result.Code, result.Msg)
+	}
+	if result.Data == nil || result.Data.State == "" || result.Data.AuthURL == "" {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("codebuddy: auth state response missing state or authUrl")
+	}
+
+	return &AuthState{
+		State:   result.Data.State,
+		AuthURL: result.Data.AuthURL,
+	}, nil
+}
+
+type pollResponse struct {
+	Code      int    `json:"code"`
+	Msg       string `json:"msg"`
+	RequestID string `json:"requestId"`
+	Data      *struct {
+		AccessToken  string `json:"accessToken"`
+		RefreshToken string `json:"refreshToken"`
+		ExpiresIn    int64  `json:"expiresIn"`
+		TokenType    string `json:"tokenType"`
+		Domain       string `json:"domain"`
+	} `json:"data"`
+}
+
+// doPollRequest performs a single polling request, safely reading and closing the response body
+func (a *CodeBuddyAuth) doPollRequest(ctx context.Context, pollURL string) ([]byte, int, error) {
+	req, err := http.NewRequestWithContext(ctx, http.MethodGet, pollURL, nil)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, 0, fmt.Errorf("%w: %v", ErrTokenFetchFailed, err)
+	}
+	a.applyPollHeaders(req)
+
+	resp, err := a.httpClient.Do(req)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, 0, err
+	}
+	defer func() {
+		if errClose := resp.Body.Close(); errClose != nil {
+			log.Errorf("codebuddy poll: close body error: %v", errClose)
+		}
+	}()
+	body, err := io.ReadAll(resp.Body)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, resp.StatusCode, fmt.Errorf("codebuddy poll: failed to read response body: %w", err)
+	}
+	return body, resp.StatusCode, nil
+}
+
+// PollForToken polls until the user completes browser authorization and returns auth data.
+func (a *CodeBuddyAuth) PollForToken(ctx context.Context, state string) (*CodeBuddyTokenStorage, error) {
+	deadline := time.Now().Add(maxPollDuration)
+	pollURL := fmt.Sprintf("%s%s?state=%s", a.baseURL, codeBuddyTokenPath, url.QueryEscape(state))
+
+	for time.Now().Before(deadline) {
+		select {
+		case <-ctx.Done():
+			return nil, ctx.Err()
+		case <-time.After(pollInterval):
+		}
+
+		body, statusCode, err := a.doPollRequest(ctx, pollURL)
+		if err != nil {
+			log.Debugf("codebuddy poll: request error: %v", err)
+			continue
+		}
+
+		if statusCode != http.StatusOK {
+			log.Debugf("codebuddy poll: unexpected status %d", statusCode)
+			continue
+		}
+
+		var result pollResponse
+		if err := json.Unmarshal(body, &result); err != nil {
+			continue
+		}
+
+		switch result.Code {
+		case codeSuccess:
+			if result.Data == nil {
+				return nil, fmt.Errorf("%w: empty data in response", ErrTokenFetchFailed)
+			}
+			userID, _ := a.DecodeUserID(result.Data.AccessToken)
+			return &CodeBuddyTokenStorage{
+				AccessToken:  result.Data.AccessToken,
+				RefreshToken: result.Data.RefreshToken,
+				ExpiresIn:    result.Data.ExpiresIn,
+				TokenType:    result.Data.TokenType,
+				Domain:       result.Data.Domain,
+				UserID:       userID,
+				Type:         "codebuddy",
+			}, nil
+		case codeLoginPending:
+			// continue polling
+		default:
+			// TODO: when the CodeBuddy API error code for user denial is known,
+			// return ErrAccessDenied here instead of ErrTokenFetchFailed.
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("%w: server returned code %d: %s", ErrTokenFetchFailed, result.Code, result.Msg)
+		}
+	}
+	return nil, ErrPollingTimeout
+}
+
+// DecodeUserID decodes the sub field from a JWT access token as the user ID.
+func (a *CodeBuddyAuth) DecodeUserID(accessToken string) (string, error) {
+	parts := strings.Split(accessToken, ".")
+	if len(parts) < 2 {
+		return "", ErrJWTDecodeFailed
+	}
+	payload, err := base64.RawURLEncoding.DecodeString(parts[1])
+	if err != nil {
+		return "", fmt.Errorf("%w: %v", ErrJWTDecodeFailed, err)
+	}
+	var claims struct {
+		Sub string `json:"sub"`
+	}
+	if err := json.Unmarshal(payload, &claims); err != nil {
+		return "", fmt.Errorf("%w: %v", ErrJWTDecodeFailed, err)
+	}
+	if claims.Sub == "" {
+		return "", fmt.Errorf("%w: sub claim is empty", ErrJWTDecodeFailed)
+	}
+	return claims.Sub, nil
+}
+
+// RefreshToken exchanges a refresh token for a new access token.
+// It calls POST /v2/plugin/auth/token/refresh with the required headers.
+func (a *CodeBuddyAuth) RefreshToken(ctx context.Context, accessToken, refreshToken, userID, domain string) (*CodeBuddyTokenStorage, error) {
+	if domain == "" {
+		domain = DefaultDomain
+	}
+	refreshURL := fmt.Sprintf("%s%s", a.baseURL, codeBuddyRefreshPath)
+	body := []byte("{}")
+
+	req, err := http.NewRequestWithContext(ctx, http.MethodPost, refreshURL, bytes.NewReader(body))
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("codebuddy: failed to create refresh request: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	requestID := strings.ReplaceAll(uuid.New().String(), "-", "")
+	req.Header.Set("Accept", "application/json, text/plain, */*")
+	req.Header.Set("Content-Type", "application/json")
+	req.Header.Set("X-Requested-With", "XMLHttpRequest")
+	req.Header.Set("X-Domain", domain)
+	req.Header.Set("X-Refresh-Token", refreshToken)
+	req.Header.Set("X-Auth-Refresh-Source", "plugin")
+	req.Header.Set("X-Request-ID", requestID)
+	req.Header.Set("Authorization", "Bearer "+accessToken)
+	req.Header.Set("X-User-Id", userID)
+	req.Header.Set("X-Product", "SaaS")
+	req.Header.Set("User-Agent", UserAgent)
+
+	resp, err := a.httpClient.Do(req)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("codebuddy: refresh request failed: %w", err)
+	}
+	defer func() {
+		if errClose := resp.Body.Close(); errClose != nil {
+			log.Errorf("codebuddy refresh: close body error: %v", errClose)
+		}
+	}()
+
+	bodyBytes, err := io.ReadAll(resp.Body)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("codebuddy: failed to read refresh response: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	if resp.StatusCode == http.StatusUnauthorized || resp.StatusCode == http.StatusForbidden {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("codebuddy: refresh token rejected (status %d)", resp.StatusCode)
+	}
+	if resp.StatusCode != http.StatusOK {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("codebuddy: refresh failed with status %d: %s", resp.StatusCode, string(bodyBytes))
+	}
+
+	var result struct {
+		Code int    `json:"code"`
+		Msg  string `json:"msg"`
+		Data *struct {
+			AccessToken      string `json:"accessToken"`
+			RefreshToken     string `json:"refreshToken"`
+			ExpiresIn        int64  `json:"expiresIn"`
+			RefreshExpiresIn int64  `json:"refreshExpiresIn"`
+			TokenType        string `json:"tokenType"`
+			Domain           string `json:"domain"`
+		} `json:"data"`
+	}
+	if err = json.Unmarshal(bodyBytes, &result); err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("codebuddy: failed to parse refresh response: %w", err)
+	}
+	if result.Code != codeSuccess {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("codebuddy: refresh failed with code %d: %s", result.Code, result.Msg)
+	}
+	if result.Data == nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("codebuddy: empty data in refresh response")
+	}
+
+	newUserID, _ := a.DecodeUserID(result.Data.AccessToken)
+	if newUserID == "" {
+		newUserID = userID
+	}
+	tokenDomain := result.Data.Domain
+	if tokenDomain == "" {
+		tokenDomain = domain
+	}
+
+	return &CodeBuddyTokenStorage{
+		AccessToken:      result.Data.AccessToken,
+		RefreshToken:     result.Data.RefreshToken,
+		ExpiresIn:        result.Data.ExpiresIn,
+		RefreshExpiresIn: result.Data.RefreshExpiresIn,
+		TokenType:        result.Data.TokenType,
+		Domain:           tokenDomain,
+		UserID:           newUserID,
+		Type:             "codebuddy",
+	}, nil
+}
+
+func (a *CodeBuddyAuth) applyPollHeaders(req *http.Request) {
+	req.Header.Set("Accept", "application/json, text/plain, */*")
+	req.Header.Set("User-Agent", UserAgent)
+	req.Header.Set("X-Requested-With", "XMLHttpRequest")
+	req.Header.Set("X-No-Authorization", "true")
+	req.Header.Set("X-No-User-Id", "true")
+	req.Header.Set("X-No-Enterprise-Id", "true")
+	req.Header.Set("X-No-Department-Info", "true")
+	req.Header.Set("X-Product", "SaaS")
+}

internal/auth/codebuddy/codebuddy_auth_http_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,285 @@
+package codebuddy
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"encoding/base64"
+	"encoding/json"
+	"net/http"
+	"net/http/httptest"
+	"testing"
+)
+
+// newTestAuth creates a CodeBuddyAuth pointing at the given test server.
+func newTestAuth(serverURL string) *CodeBuddyAuth {
+	return &CodeBuddyAuth{
+		httpClient: http.DefaultClient,
+		baseURL:    serverURL,
+	}
+}
+
+// fakeJWT builds a minimal JWT with the given sub claim for testing.
+func fakeJWT(sub string) string {
+	header := base64.RawURLEncoding.EncodeToString([]byte(`{"alg":"RS256"}`))
+	payload, _ := json.Marshal(map[string]any{"sub": sub, "iat": 1234567890})
+	encodedPayload := base64.RawURLEncoding.EncodeToString(payload)
+	return header + "." + encodedPayload + ".sig"
+}
+
+// --- FetchAuthState tests ---
+
+func TestFetchAuthState_Success(t *testing.T) {
+	srv := httptest.NewServer(http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
+		if r.Method != http.MethodPost {
+			t.Errorf("expected POST, got %s", r.Method)
+		}
+		if got := r.URL.Path; got != codeBuddyStatePath {
+			t.Errorf("expected path %s, got %s", codeBuddyStatePath, got)
+		}
+		if got := r.URL.Query().Get("platform"); got != "CLI" {
+			t.Errorf("expected platform=CLI, got %s", got)
+		}
+		if got := r.Header.Get("User-Agent"); got != UserAgent {
+			t.Errorf("expected User-Agent %s, got %s", UserAgent, got)
+		}
+		w.Header().Set("Content-Type", "application/json")
+		_ = json.NewEncoder(w).Encode(map[string]any{
+			"code": 0,
+			"msg":  "ok",
+			"data": map[string]any{
+				"state":   "test-state-abc",
+				"authUrl": "https://example.com/login?state=test-state-abc",
+			},
+		})
+	}))
+	defer srv.Close()
+
+	auth := newTestAuth(srv.URL)
+	result, err := auth.FetchAuthState(context.Background())
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+	if result.State != "test-state-abc" {
+		t.Errorf("expected state 'test-state-abc', got '%s'", result.State)
+	}
+	if result.AuthURL != "https://example.com/login?state=test-state-abc" {
+		t.Errorf("unexpected authURL: %s", result.AuthURL)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestFetchAuthState_NonOKStatus(t *testing.T) {
+	srv := httptest.NewServer(http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, _ *http.Request) {
+		w.WriteHeader(http.StatusInternalServerError)
+		_, _ = w.Write([]byte("internal error"))
+	}))
+	defer srv.Close()
+
+	auth := newTestAuth(srv.URL)
+	_, err := auth.FetchAuthState(context.Background())
+	if err == nil {
+		t.Fatal("expected error for non-200 status")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestFetchAuthState_APIErrorCode(t *testing.T) {
+	srv := httptest.NewServer(http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, _ *http.Request) {
+		_ = json.NewEncoder(w).Encode(map[string]any{
+			"code": 10001,
+			"msg":  "rate limited",
+		})
+	}))
+	defer srv.Close()
+
+	auth := newTestAuth(srv.URL)
+	_, err := auth.FetchAuthState(context.Background())
+	if err == nil {
+		t.Fatal("expected error for non-zero code")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestFetchAuthState_MissingData(t *testing.T) {
+	srv := httptest.NewServer(http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, _ *http.Request) {
+		_ = json.NewEncoder(w).Encode(map[string]any{
+			"code": 0,
+			"msg":  "ok",
+			"data": map[string]any{
+				"state":   "",
+				"authUrl": "",
+			},
+		})
+	}))
+	defer srv.Close()
+
+	auth := newTestAuth(srv.URL)
+	_, err := auth.FetchAuthState(context.Background())
+	if err == nil {
+		t.Fatal("expected error for empty state/authUrl")
+	}
+}
+
+// --- RefreshToken tests ---
+
+func TestRefreshToken_Success(t *testing.T) {
+	newAccessToken := fakeJWT("refreshed-user-456")
+	srv := httptest.NewServer(http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
+		if r.Method != http.MethodPost {
+			t.Errorf("expected POST, got %s", r.Method)
+		}
+		if got := r.URL.Path; got != codeBuddyRefreshPath {
+			t.Errorf("expected path %s, got %s", codeBuddyRefreshPath, got)
+		}
+		if got := r.Header.Get("X-Refresh-Token"); got != "old-refresh-token" {
+			t.Errorf("expected X-Refresh-Token 'old-refresh-token', got '%s'", got)
+		}
+		if got := r.Header.Get("Authorization"); got != "Bearer old-access-token" {
+			t.Errorf("expected Authorization 'Bearer old-access-token', got '%s'", got)
+		}
+		if got := r.Header.Get("X-User-Id"); got != "user-123" {
+			t.Errorf("expected X-User-Id 'user-123', got '%s'", got)
+		}
+		if got := r.Header.Get("X-Domain"); got != "custom.domain.com" {
+			t.Errorf("expected X-Domain 'custom.domain.com', got '%s'", got)
+		}
+		w.Header().Set("Content-Type", "application/json")
+		_ = json.NewEncoder(w).Encode(map[string]any{
+			"code": 0,
+			"msg":  "ok",
+			"data": map[string]any{
+				"accessToken":      newAccessToken,
+				"refreshToken":     "new-refresh-token",
+				"expiresIn":        3600,
+				"refreshExpiresIn": 86400,
+				"tokenType":        "bearer",
+				"domain":           "custom.domain.com",
+			},
+		})
+	}))
+	defer srv.Close()
+
+	auth := newTestAuth(srv.URL)
+	storage, err := auth.RefreshToken(context.Background(), "old-access-token", "old-refresh-token", "user-123", "custom.domain.com")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+	if storage.AccessToken != newAccessToken {
+		t.Errorf("expected new access token, got '%s'", storage.AccessToken)
+	}
+	if storage.RefreshToken != "new-refresh-token" {
+		t.Errorf("expected 'new-refresh-token', got '%s'", storage.RefreshToken)
+	}
+	if storage.UserID != "refreshed-user-456" {
+		t.Errorf("expected userID 'refreshed-user-456', got '%s'", storage.UserID)
+	}
+	if storage.ExpiresIn != 3600 {
+		t.Errorf("expected expiresIn 3600, got %d", storage.ExpiresIn)
+	}
+	if storage.RefreshExpiresIn != 86400 {
+		t.Errorf("expected refreshExpiresIn 86400, got %d", storage.RefreshExpiresIn)
+	}
+	if storage.Domain != "custom.domain.com" {
+		t.Errorf("expected domain 'custom.domain.com', got '%s'", storage.Domain)
+	}
+	if storage.Type != "codebuddy" {
+		t.Errorf("expected type 'codebuddy', got '%s'", storage.Type)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestRefreshToken_DefaultDomain(t *testing.T) {
+	var receivedDomain string
+	srv := httptest.NewServer(http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
+		receivedDomain = r.Header.Get("X-Domain")
+		_ = json.NewEncoder(w).Encode(map[string]any{
+			"code": 0,
+			"msg":  "ok",
+			"data": map[string]any{
+				"accessToken":  fakeJWT("user-1"),
+				"refreshToken": "rt",
+				"expiresIn":    3600,
+				"tokenType":    "bearer",
+				"domain":       DefaultDomain,
+			},
+		})
+	}))
+	defer srv.Close()
+
+	auth := newTestAuth(srv.URL)
+	_, err := auth.RefreshToken(context.Background(), "at", "rt", "uid", "")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+	if receivedDomain != DefaultDomain {
+		t.Errorf("expected default domain '%s', got '%s'", DefaultDomain, receivedDomain)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestRefreshToken_Unauthorized(t *testing.T) {
+	srv := httptest.NewServer(http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, _ *http.Request) {
+		w.WriteHeader(http.StatusUnauthorized)
+	}))
+	defer srv.Close()
+
+	auth := newTestAuth(srv.URL)
+	_, err := auth.RefreshToken(context.Background(), "at", "rt", "uid", "d")
+	if err == nil {
+		t.Fatal("expected error for 401 response")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestRefreshToken_Forbidden(t *testing.T) {
+	srv := httptest.NewServer(http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, _ *http.Request) {
+		w.WriteHeader(http.StatusForbidden)
+	}))
+	defer srv.Close()
+
+	auth := newTestAuth(srv.URL)
+	_, err := auth.RefreshToken(context.Background(), "at", "rt", "uid", "d")
+	if err == nil {
+		t.Fatal("expected error for 403 response")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestRefreshToken_APIErrorCode(t *testing.T) {
+	srv := httptest.NewServer(http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, _ *http.Request) {
+		_ = json.NewEncoder(w).Encode(map[string]any{
+			"code": 40001,
+			"msg":  "invalid refresh token",
+		})
+	}))
+	defer srv.Close()
+
+	auth := newTestAuth(srv.URL)
+	_, err := auth.RefreshToken(context.Background(), "at", "rt", "uid", "d")
+	if err == nil {
+		t.Fatal("expected error for non-zero API code")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestRefreshToken_FallbackUserIDAndDomain(t *testing.T) {
+	// When the new access token cannot be decoded for userID, it should fall back to the provided one.
+	// When the response domain is empty, it should fall back to the request domain.
+	srv := httptest.NewServer(http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, _ *http.Request) {
+		_ = json.NewEncoder(w).Encode(map[string]any{
+			"code": 0,
+			"msg":  "ok",
+			"data": map[string]any{
+				"accessToken":  "not-a-valid-jwt",
+				"refreshToken": "new-rt",
+				"expiresIn":    7200,
+				"tokenType":    "bearer",
+				"domain":       "",
+			},
+		})
+	}))
+	defer srv.Close()
+
+	auth := newTestAuth(srv.URL)
+	storage, err := auth.RefreshToken(context.Background(), "at", "rt", "original-uid", "original.domain.com")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+	if storage.UserID != "original-uid" {
+		t.Errorf("expected fallback userID 'original-uid', got '%s'", storage.UserID)
+	}
+	if storage.Domain != "original.domain.com" {
+		t.Errorf("expected fallback domain 'original.domain.com', got '%s'", storage.Domain)
+	}
+}

internal/auth/codebuddy/codebuddy_auth_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+package codebuddy_test
+
+import (
+	"testing"
+
+	"github.com/router-for-me/CLIProxyAPI/v6/internal/auth/codebuddy"
+)
+
+func TestDecodeUserID_ValidJWT(t *testing.T) {
+	// JWT payload: {"sub":"test-user-id-123","iat":1234567890}
+	// base64url encode: eyJzdWIiOiJ0ZXN0LXVzZXItaWQtMTIzIiwiaWF0IjoxMjM0NTY3ODkwfQ
+	token := "eyJhbGciOiJSUzI1NiJ9.eyJzdWIiOiJ0ZXN0LXVzZXItaWQtMTIzIiwiaWF0IjoxMjM0NTY3ODkwfQ.sig"
+	auth := codebuddy.NewCodeBuddyAuth(nil)
+	userID, err := auth.DecodeUserID(token)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+	if userID != "test-user-id-123" {
+		t.Errorf("expected 'test-user-id-123', got '%s'", userID)
+	}
+}
+

internal/auth/codebuddy/errors.go

@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+package codebuddy
+
+import "errors"
+
+var (
+	ErrPollingTimeout   = errors.New("codebuddy: polling timeout, user did not authorize in time")
+	ErrAccessDenied     = errors.New("codebuddy: access denied by user")
+	ErrTokenFetchFailed = errors.New("codebuddy: failed to fetch token from server")
+	ErrJWTDecodeFailed  = errors.New("codebuddy: failed to decode JWT token")
+)
+
+func GetUserFriendlyMessage(err error) string {
+	switch {
+	case errors.Is(err, ErrPollingTimeout):
+		return "Authentication timed out. Please try again."
+	case errors.Is(err, ErrAccessDenied):
+		return "Access denied. Please try again and approve the login request."
+	case errors.Is(err, ErrJWTDecodeFailed):
+		return "Failed to decode token. Please try logging in again."
+	case errors.Is(err, ErrTokenFetchFailed):
+		return "Failed to fetch token from server. Please try again."
+	default:
+		return "Authentication failed: " + err.Error()
+	}
+}

internal/auth/codebuddy/token.go

@@ -0,0 +1,65 @@
+// Package codebuddy provides authentication and token management functionality
+// for CodeBuddy AI services. It handles OAuth2 token storage, serialization,
+// and retrieval for maintaining authenticated sessions with the CodeBuddy API.
+package codebuddy
+
+import (
+	"encoding/json"
+	"fmt"
+	"os"
+	"path/filepath"
+
+	"github.com/router-for-me/CLIProxyAPI/v6/internal/misc"
+)
+
+// CodeBuddyTokenStorage stores OAuth token information for CodeBuddy API authentication.
+// It maintains compatibility with the existing auth system while adding CodeBuddy-specific fields
+// for managing access tokens and user account information.
+type CodeBuddyTokenStorage struct {
+	// AccessToken is the OAuth2 access token used for authenticating API requests.
+	AccessToken string `json:"access_token"`
+	// RefreshToken is the OAuth2 refresh token used to obtain new access tokens.
+	RefreshToken string `json:"refresh_token"`
+	// ExpiresIn is the number of seconds until the access token expires.
+	ExpiresIn int64 `json:"expires_in"`
+	// RefreshExpiresIn is the number of seconds until the refresh token expires.
+	RefreshExpiresIn int64 `json:"refresh_expires_in,omitempty"`
+	// TokenType is the type of token, typically "bearer".
+	TokenType string `json:"token_type"`
+	// Domain is the CodeBuddy service domain/region.
+	Domain string `json:"domain"`
+	// UserID is the user ID associated with this token.
+	UserID string `json:"user_id"`
+	// Type indicates the authentication provider type, always "codebuddy" for this storage.
+	Type string `json:"type"`
+}
+
+// SaveTokenToFile serializes the CodeBuddy token storage to a JSON file.
+// This method creates the necessary directory structure and writes the token
+// data in JSON format to the specified file path for persistent storage.
+//
+// Parameters:
+//   - authFilePath: The full path where the token file should be saved
+//
+// Returns:
+//   - error: An error if the operation fails, nil otherwise
+func (s *CodeBuddyTokenStorage) SaveTokenToFile(authFilePath string) error {
+	misc.LogSavingCredentials(authFilePath)
+	s.Type = "codebuddy"
+	if err := os.MkdirAll(filepath.Dir(authFilePath), 0700); err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("failed to create directory: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	f, err := os.OpenFile(authFilePath, os.O_WRONLY|os.O_CREATE|os.O_TRUNC, 0600)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("failed to create token file: %w", err)
+	}
+	defer func() {
+		_ = f.Close()
+	}()
+
+	if err = json.NewEncoder(f).Encode(s); err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("failed to write token to file: %w", err)
+	}
+	return nil
+}

internal/auth/codex/oauth_server.go

@@ -239,6 +239,11 @@ func (s *OAuthServer) handleSuccess(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
 		platformURL = "https://platform.openai.com"
 	}
 
+	// Validate platformURL to prevent XSS - only allow http/https URLs
+	if !isValidURL(platformURL) {
+		platformURL = "https://platform.openai.com"
+	}
+
 	// Generate success page HTML with dynamic content
 	successHTML := s.generateSuccessHTML(setupRequired, platformURL)
 
@@ -248,6 +253,12 @@ func (s *OAuthServer) handleSuccess(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
 	}
 }
 
+// isValidURL checks if the URL is a valid http/https URL to prevent XSS
+func isValidURL(urlStr string) bool {
+	urlStr = strings.TrimSpace(urlStr)
+	return strings.HasPrefix(urlStr, "https://") || strings.HasPrefix(urlStr, "http://")
+}
+
 // generateSuccessHTML creates the HTML content for the success page.
 // It customizes the page based on whether additional setup is required
 // and includes a link to the platform.

internal/auth/copilot/copilot_auth.go

@@ -0,0 +1,394 @@
+// Package copilot provides authentication and token management for GitHub Copilot API.
+// It handles the OAuth2 device flow for secure authentication with the Copilot API.
+package copilot
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"encoding/json"
+	"fmt"
+	"io"
+	"net/http"
+	"net/url"
+	"strings"
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/router-for-me/CLIProxyAPI/v6/internal/config"
+	"github.com/router-for-me/CLIProxyAPI/v6/internal/util"
+	log "github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
+)
+
+const (
+	// copilotAPITokenURL is the endpoint for getting Copilot API tokens from GitHub token.
+	copilotAPITokenURL = "https://api.github.com/copilot_internal/v2/token"
+	// copilotAPIEndpoint is the base URL for making API requests.
+	copilotAPIEndpoint = "https://api.githubcopilot.com"
+
+	// Common HTTP header values for Copilot API requests.
+	copilotUserAgent       = "GithubCopilot/1.0"
+	copilotEditorVersion   = "vscode/1.100.0"
+	copilotPluginVersion   = "copilot/1.300.0"
+	copilotIntegrationID   = "vscode-chat"
+	copilotOpenAIIntent    = "conversation-panel"
+)
+
+// CopilotAPIToken represents the Copilot API token response.
+type CopilotAPIToken struct {
+	// Token is the JWT token for authenticating with the Copilot API.
+	Token string `json:"token"`
+	// ExpiresAt is the Unix timestamp when the token expires.
+	ExpiresAt int64 `json:"expires_at"`
+	// Endpoints contains the available API endpoints.
+	Endpoints struct {
+		API           string `json:"api"`
+		Proxy         string `json:"proxy"`
+		OriginTracker string `json:"origin-tracker"`
+		Telemetry     string `json:"telemetry"`
+	} `json:"endpoints,omitempty"`
+	// ErrorDetails contains error information if the request failed.
+	ErrorDetails *struct {
+		URL              string `json:"url"`
+		Message          string `json:"message"`
+		DocumentationURL string `json:"documentation_url"`
+	} `json:"error_details,omitempty"`
+}
+
+// CopilotAuth handles GitHub Copilot authentication flow.
+// It provides methods for device flow authentication and token management.
+type CopilotAuth struct {
+	httpClient   *http.Client
+	deviceClient *DeviceFlowClient
+	cfg          *config.Config
+}
+
+// NewCopilotAuth creates a new CopilotAuth service instance.
+// It initializes an HTTP client with proxy settings from the provided configuration.
+func NewCopilotAuth(cfg *config.Config) *CopilotAuth {
+	return &CopilotAuth{
+		httpClient:   util.SetProxy(&cfg.SDKConfig, &http.Client{Timeout: 30 * time.Second}),
+		deviceClient: NewDeviceFlowClient(cfg),
+		cfg:          cfg,
+	}
+}
+
+// StartDeviceFlow initiates the device flow authentication.
+// Returns the device code response containing the user code and verification URI.
+func (c *CopilotAuth) StartDeviceFlow(ctx context.Context) (*DeviceCodeResponse, error) {
+	return c.deviceClient.RequestDeviceCode(ctx)
+}
+
+// WaitForAuthorization polls for user authorization and returns the auth bundle.
+func (c *CopilotAuth) WaitForAuthorization(ctx context.Context, deviceCode *DeviceCodeResponse) (*CopilotAuthBundle, error) {
+	tokenData, err := c.deviceClient.PollForToken(ctx, deviceCode)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	// Fetch the GitHub username
+	userInfo, err := c.deviceClient.FetchUserInfo(ctx, tokenData.AccessToken)
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Warnf("copilot: failed to fetch user info: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	username := userInfo.Login
+	if username == "" {
+		username = "github-user"
+	}
+
+	return &CopilotAuthBundle{
+		TokenData: tokenData,
+		Username:  username,
+		Email:     userInfo.Email,
+		Name:      userInfo.Name,
+	}, nil
+}
+
+// GetCopilotAPIToken exchanges a GitHub access token for a Copilot API token.
+// This token is used to make authenticated requests to the Copilot API.
+func (c *CopilotAuth) GetCopilotAPIToken(ctx context.Context, githubAccessToken string) (*CopilotAPIToken, error) {
+	if githubAccessToken == "" {
+		return nil, NewAuthenticationError(ErrTokenExchangeFailed, fmt.Errorf("github access token is empty"))
+	}
+
+	req, err := http.NewRequestWithContext(ctx, http.MethodGet, copilotAPITokenURL, nil)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, NewAuthenticationError(ErrTokenExchangeFailed, err)
+	}
+
+	req.Header.Set("Authorization", "token "+githubAccessToken)
+	req.Header.Set("Accept", "application/json")
+	req.Header.Set("User-Agent", copilotUserAgent)
+	req.Header.Set("Editor-Version", copilotEditorVersion)
+	req.Header.Set("Editor-Plugin-Version", copilotPluginVersion)
+
+	resp, err := c.httpClient.Do(req)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, NewAuthenticationError(ErrTokenExchangeFailed, err)
+	}
+	defer func() {
+		if errClose := resp.Body.Close(); errClose != nil {
+			log.Errorf("copilot api token: close body error: %v", errClose)
+		}
+	}()
+
+	bodyBytes, err := io.ReadAll(resp.Body)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, NewAuthenticationError(ErrTokenExchangeFailed, err)
+	}
+
+	if !isHTTPSuccess(resp.StatusCode) {
+		return nil, NewAuthenticationError(ErrTokenExchangeFailed,
+			fmt.Errorf("status %d: %s", resp.StatusCode, string(bodyBytes)))
+	}
+
+	var apiToken CopilotAPIToken
+	if err = json.Unmarshal(bodyBytes, &apiToken); err != nil {
+		return nil, NewAuthenticationError(ErrTokenExchangeFailed, err)
+	}
+
+	if apiToken.Token == "" {
+		return nil, NewAuthenticationError(ErrTokenExchangeFailed, fmt.Errorf("empty copilot api token"))
+	}
+
+	return &apiToken, nil
+}
+
+// ValidateToken checks if a GitHub access token is valid by attempting to fetch user info.
+func (c *CopilotAuth) ValidateToken(ctx context.Context, accessToken string) (bool, string, error) {
+	if accessToken == "" {
+		return false, "", nil
+	}
+
+	userInfo, err := c.deviceClient.FetchUserInfo(ctx, accessToken)
+	if err != nil {
+		return false, "", err
+	}
+
+	return true, userInfo.Login, nil
+}
+
+// CreateTokenStorage creates a new CopilotTokenStorage from auth bundle.
+func (c *CopilotAuth) CreateTokenStorage(bundle *CopilotAuthBundle) *CopilotTokenStorage {
+	return &CopilotTokenStorage{
+		AccessToken: bundle.TokenData.AccessToken,
+		TokenType:   bundle.TokenData.TokenType,
+		Scope:       bundle.TokenData.Scope,
+		Username:    bundle.Username,
+		Email:       bundle.Email,
+		Name:        bundle.Name,
+		Type:        "github-copilot",
+	}
+}
+
+// LoadAndValidateToken loads a token from storage and validates it.
+// Returns the storage if valid, or an error if the token is invalid or expired.
+func (c *CopilotAuth) LoadAndValidateToken(ctx context.Context, storage *CopilotTokenStorage) (bool, error) {
+	if storage == nil || storage.AccessToken == "" {
+		return false, fmt.Errorf("no token available")
+	}
+
+	// Check if we can still use the GitHub token to get a Copilot API token
+	apiToken, err := c.GetCopilotAPIToken(ctx, storage.AccessToken)
+	if err != nil {
+		return false, err
+	}
+
+	// Check if the API token is expired
+	if apiToken.ExpiresAt > 0 && time.Now().Unix() >= apiToken.ExpiresAt {
+		return false, fmt.Errorf("copilot api token expired")
+	}
+
+	return true, nil
+}
+
+// GetAPIEndpoint returns the Copilot API endpoint URL.
+func (c *CopilotAuth) GetAPIEndpoint() string {
+	return copilotAPIEndpoint
+}
+
+// MakeAuthenticatedRequest creates an authenticated HTTP request to the Copilot API.
+func (c *CopilotAuth) MakeAuthenticatedRequest(ctx context.Context, method, url string, body io.Reader, apiToken *CopilotAPIToken) (*http.Request, error) {
+	req, err := http.NewRequestWithContext(ctx, method, url, body)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to create request: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	req.Header.Set("Authorization", "Bearer "+apiToken.Token)
+	req.Header.Set("Content-Type", "application/json")
+	req.Header.Set("Accept", "application/json")
+	req.Header.Set("User-Agent", copilotUserAgent)
+	req.Header.Set("Editor-Version", copilotEditorVersion)
+	req.Header.Set("Editor-Plugin-Version", copilotPluginVersion)
+	req.Header.Set("Openai-Intent", copilotOpenAIIntent)
+	req.Header.Set("Copilot-Integration-Id", copilotIntegrationID)
+
+	return req, nil
+}
+
+// CopilotModelEntry represents a single model entry returned by the Copilot /models API.
+type CopilotModelEntry struct {
+	ID           string         `json:"id"`
+	Object       string         `json:"object"`
+	Created      int64          `json:"created"`
+	OwnedBy      string         `json:"owned_by"`
+	Name         string         `json:"name,omitempty"`
+	Version      string         `json:"version,omitempty"`
+	Capabilities map[string]any `json:"capabilities,omitempty"`
+}
+
+// CopilotModelLimits holds the token limits returned by the Copilot /models API
+// under capabilities.limits. These limits vary by account type (individual vs
+// business) and are the authoritative source for enforcing prompt size.
+type CopilotModelLimits struct {
+	// MaxContextWindowTokens is the total context window (prompt + output).
+	MaxContextWindowTokens int
+	// MaxPromptTokens is the hard limit on input/prompt tokens.
+	// Exceeding this triggers a 400 error from the Copilot API.
+	MaxPromptTokens int
+	// MaxOutputTokens is the maximum number of output/completion tokens.
+	MaxOutputTokens int
+}
+
+// Limits extracts the token limits from the model's capabilities map.
+// Returns nil if no limits are available or the structure is unexpected.
+//
+// Expected Copilot API shape:
+//
+//	"capabilities": {
+//	    "limits": {
+//	        "max_context_window_tokens": 200000,
+//	        "max_prompt_tokens": 168000,
+//	        "max_output_tokens": 32000
+//	    }
+//	}
+func (e *CopilotModelEntry) Limits() *CopilotModelLimits {
+	if e.Capabilities == nil {
+		return nil
+	}
+	limitsRaw, ok := e.Capabilities["limits"]
+	if !ok {
+		return nil
+	}
+	limitsMap, ok := limitsRaw.(map[string]any)
+	if !ok {
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	result := &CopilotModelLimits{
+		MaxContextWindowTokens: anyToInt(limitsMap["max_context_window_tokens"]),
+		MaxPromptTokens:        anyToInt(limitsMap["max_prompt_tokens"]),
+		MaxOutputTokens:        anyToInt(limitsMap["max_output_tokens"]),
+	}
+
+	// Only return if at least one field is populated.
+	if result.MaxContextWindowTokens == 0 && result.MaxPromptTokens == 0 && result.MaxOutputTokens == 0 {
+		return nil
+	}
+	return result
+}
+
+// anyToInt converts a JSON-decoded numeric value to int.
+// Go's encoding/json decodes numbers into float64 when the target is any/interface{}.
+func anyToInt(v any) int {
+	switch n := v.(type) {
+	case float64:
+		return int(n)
+	case float32:
+		return int(n)
+	case int:
+		return n
+	case int64:
+		return int(n)
+	default:
+		return 0
+	}
+}
+
+// CopilotModelsResponse represents the response from the Copilot /models endpoint.
+type CopilotModelsResponse struct {
+	Data   []CopilotModelEntry `json:"data"`
+	Object string              `json:"object"`
+}
+
+// maxModelsResponseSize is the maximum allowed response size from the /models endpoint (2 MB).
+const maxModelsResponseSize = 2 * 1024 * 1024
+
+// allowedCopilotAPIHosts is the set of hosts that are considered safe for Copilot API requests.
+var allowedCopilotAPIHosts = map[string]bool{
+	"api.githubcopilot.com":          true,
+	"api.individual.githubcopilot.com": true,
+	"api.business.githubcopilot.com":   true,
+	"copilot-proxy.githubusercontent.com": true,
+}
+
+// ListModels fetches the list of available models from the Copilot API.
+// It requires a valid Copilot API token (not the GitHub access token).
+func (c *CopilotAuth) ListModels(ctx context.Context, apiToken *CopilotAPIToken) ([]CopilotModelEntry, error) {
+	if apiToken == nil || apiToken.Token == "" {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("copilot: api token is required for listing models")
+	}
+
+	// Build models URL, validating the endpoint host to prevent SSRF.
+	modelsURL := copilotAPIEndpoint + "/models"
+	if ep := strings.TrimRight(apiToken.Endpoints.API, "/"); ep != "" {
+		parsed, err := url.Parse(ep)
+		if err == nil && parsed.Scheme == "https" && allowedCopilotAPIHosts[parsed.Host] {
+			modelsURL = ep + "/models"
+		} else {
+			log.Warnf("copilot: ignoring untrusted API endpoint %q, using default", ep)
+		}
+	}
+
+	req, err := c.MakeAuthenticatedRequest(ctx, http.MethodGet, modelsURL, nil, apiToken)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("copilot: failed to create models request: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	resp, err := c.httpClient.Do(req)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("copilot: models request failed: %w", err)
+	}
+	defer func() {
+		if errClose := resp.Body.Close(); errClose != nil {
+			log.Errorf("copilot list models: close body error: %v", errClose)
+		}
+	}()
+
+	// Limit response body to prevent memory exhaustion.
+	limitedReader := io.LimitReader(resp.Body, maxModelsResponseSize)
+	bodyBytes, err := io.ReadAll(limitedReader)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("copilot: failed to read models response: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	if !isHTTPSuccess(resp.StatusCode) {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("copilot: list models failed with status %d: %s", resp.StatusCode, string(bodyBytes))
+	}
+
+	var modelsResp CopilotModelsResponse
+	if err = json.Unmarshal(bodyBytes, &modelsResp); err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("copilot: failed to parse models response: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	return modelsResp.Data, nil
+}
+
+// ListModelsWithGitHubToken is a convenience method that exchanges a GitHub access token
+// for a Copilot API token and then fetches the available models.
+func (c *CopilotAuth) ListModelsWithGitHubToken(ctx context.Context, githubAccessToken string) ([]CopilotModelEntry, error) {
+	apiToken, err := c.GetCopilotAPIToken(ctx, githubAccessToken)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("copilot: failed to get API token for model listing: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	return c.ListModels(ctx, apiToken)
+}
+
+// buildChatCompletionURL builds the URL for chat completions API.
+func buildChatCompletionURL() string {
+	return copilotAPIEndpoint + "/chat/completions"
+}
+
+// isHTTPSuccess checks if the status code indicates success (2xx).
+func isHTTPSuccess(statusCode int) bool {
+	return statusCode >= 200 && statusCode < 300
+}

internal/auth/copilot/errors.go

@@ -0,0 +1,187 @@
+package copilot
+
+import (
+	"errors"
+	"fmt"
+	"net/http"
+)
+
+// OAuthError represents an OAuth-specific error.
+type OAuthError struct {
+	// Code is the OAuth error code.
+	Code string `json:"error"`
+	// Description is a human-readable description of the error.
+	Description string `json:"error_description,omitempty"`
+	// URI is a URI identifying a human-readable web page with information about the error.
+	URI string `json:"error_uri,omitempty"`
+	// StatusCode is the HTTP status code associated with the error.
+	StatusCode int `json:"-"`
+}
+
+// Error returns a string representation of the OAuth error.
+func (e *OAuthError) Error() string {
+	if e.Description != "" {
+		return fmt.Sprintf("OAuth error %s: %s", e.Code, e.Description)
+	}
+	return fmt.Sprintf("OAuth error: %s", e.Code)
+}
+
+// NewOAuthError creates a new OAuth error with the specified code, description, and status code.
+func NewOAuthError(code, description string, statusCode int) *OAuthError {
+	return &OAuthError{
+		Code:        code,
+		Description: description,
+		StatusCode:  statusCode,
+	}
+}
+
+// AuthenticationError represents authentication-related errors.
+type AuthenticationError struct {
+	// Type is the type of authentication error.
+	Type string `json:"type"`
+	// Message is a human-readable message describing the error.
+	Message string `json:"message"`
+	// Code is the HTTP status code associated with the error.
+	Code int `json:"code"`
+	// Cause is the underlying error that caused this authentication error.
+	Cause error `json:"-"`
+}
+
+// Error returns a string representation of the authentication error.
+func (e *AuthenticationError) Error() string {
+	if e.Cause != nil {
+		return fmt.Sprintf("%s: %s (caused by: %v)", e.Type, e.Message, e.Cause)
+	}
+	return fmt.Sprintf("%s: %s", e.Type, e.Message)
+}
+
+// Unwrap returns the underlying cause of the error.
+func (e *AuthenticationError) Unwrap() error {
+	return e.Cause
+}
+
+// Common authentication error types for GitHub Copilot device flow.
+var (
+	// ErrDeviceCodeFailed represents an error when requesting the device code fails.
+	ErrDeviceCodeFailed = &AuthenticationError{
+		Type:    "device_code_failed",
+		Message: "Failed to request device code from GitHub",
+		Code:    http.StatusBadRequest,
+	}
+
+	// ErrDeviceCodeExpired represents an error when the device code has expired.
+	ErrDeviceCodeExpired = &AuthenticationError{
+		Type:    "device_code_expired",
+		Message: "Device code has expired. Please try again.",
+		Code:    http.StatusGone,
+	}
+
+	// ErrAuthorizationPending represents a pending authorization state (not an error, used for polling).
+	ErrAuthorizationPending = &AuthenticationError{
+		Type:    "authorization_pending",
+		Message: "Authorization is pending. Waiting for user to authorize.",
+		Code:    http.StatusAccepted,
+	}
+
+	// ErrSlowDown represents a request to slow down polling.
+	ErrSlowDown = &AuthenticationError{
+		Type:    "slow_down",
+		Message: "Polling too frequently. Slowing down.",
+		Code:    http.StatusTooManyRequests,
+	}
+
+	// ErrAccessDenied represents an error when the user denies authorization.
+	ErrAccessDenied = &AuthenticationError{
+		Type:    "access_denied",
+		Message: "User denied authorization",
+		Code:    http.StatusForbidden,
+	}
+
+	// ErrTokenExchangeFailed represents an error when token exchange fails.
+	ErrTokenExchangeFailed = &AuthenticationError{
+		Type:    "token_exchange_failed",
+		Message: "Failed to exchange device code for access token",
+		Code:    http.StatusBadRequest,
+	}
+
+	// ErrPollingTimeout represents an error when polling times out.
+	ErrPollingTimeout = &AuthenticationError{
+		Type:    "polling_timeout",
+		Message: "Timeout waiting for user authorization",
+		Code:    http.StatusRequestTimeout,
+	}
+
+	// ErrUserInfoFailed represents an error when fetching user info fails.
+	ErrUserInfoFailed = &AuthenticationError{
+		Type:    "user_info_failed",
+		Message: "Failed to fetch GitHub user information",
+		Code:    http.StatusBadRequest,
+	}
+)
+
+// NewAuthenticationError creates a new authentication error with a cause based on a base error.
+func NewAuthenticationError(baseErr *AuthenticationError, cause error) *AuthenticationError {
+	return &AuthenticationError{
+		Type:    baseErr.Type,
+		Message: baseErr.Message,
+		Code:    baseErr.Code,
+		Cause:   cause,
+	}
+}
+
+// IsAuthenticationError checks if an error is an authentication error.
+func IsAuthenticationError(err error) bool {
+	var authenticationError *AuthenticationError
+	ok := errors.As(err, &authenticationError)
+	return ok
+}
+
+// IsOAuthError checks if an error is an OAuth error.
+func IsOAuthError(err error) bool {
+	var oAuthError *OAuthError
+	ok := errors.As(err, &oAuthError)
+	return ok
+}
+
+// GetUserFriendlyMessage returns a user-friendly error message based on the error type.
+func GetUserFriendlyMessage(err error) string {
+	var authErr *AuthenticationError
+	if errors.As(err, &authErr) {
+		switch authErr.Type {
+		case "device_code_failed":
+			return "Failed to start GitHub authentication. Please check your network connection and try again."
+		case "device_code_expired":
+			return "The authentication code has expired. Please try again."
+		case "authorization_pending":
+			return "Waiting for you to authorize the application on GitHub."
+		case "slow_down":
+			return "Please wait a moment before trying again."
+		case "access_denied":
+			return "Authentication was cancelled or denied."
+		case "token_exchange_failed":
+			return "Failed to complete authentication. Please try again."
+		case "polling_timeout":
+			return "Authentication timed out. Please try again."
+		case "user_info_failed":
+			return "Failed to get your GitHub account information. Please try again."
+		default:
+			return "Authentication failed. Please try again."
+		}
+	}
+
+	var oauthErr *OAuthError
+	if errors.As(err, &oauthErr) {
+		switch oauthErr.Code {
+		case "access_denied":
+			return "Authentication was cancelled or denied."
+		case "invalid_request":
+			return "Invalid authentication request. Please try again."
+		case "server_error":
+			return "GitHub server error. Please try again later."
+		default:
+			return fmt.Sprintf("Authentication failed: %s", oauthErr.Description)
+		}
+	}
+
+	return "An unexpected error occurred. Please try again."
+}

internal/auth/copilot/oauth.go

@@ -0,0 +1,271 @@
+package copilot
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"encoding/json"
+	"errors"
+	"fmt"
+	"io"
+	"net/http"
+	"net/url"
+	"strings"
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/router-for-me/CLIProxyAPI/v6/internal/config"
+	"github.com/router-for-me/CLIProxyAPI/v6/internal/util"
+	log "github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
+)
+
+const (
+	// copilotClientID is GitHub's Copilot CLI OAuth client ID.
+	copilotClientID = "Iv1.b507a08c87ecfe98"
+	// copilotDeviceCodeURL is the endpoint for requesting device codes.
+	copilotDeviceCodeURL = "https://github.com/login/device/code"
+	// copilotTokenURL is the endpoint for exchanging device codes for tokens.
+	copilotTokenURL = "https://github.com/login/oauth/access_token"
+	// copilotUserInfoURL is the endpoint for fetching GitHub user information.
+	copilotUserInfoURL = "https://api.github.com/user"
+	// defaultPollInterval is the default interval for polling token endpoint.
+	defaultPollInterval = 5 * time.Second
+	// maxPollDuration is the maximum time to wait for user authorization.
+	maxPollDuration = 15 * time.Minute
+)
+
+// DeviceFlowClient handles the OAuth2 device flow for GitHub Copilot.
+type DeviceFlowClient struct {
+	httpClient *http.Client
+	cfg        *config.Config
+}
+
+// NewDeviceFlowClient creates a new device flow client.
+func NewDeviceFlowClient(cfg *config.Config) *DeviceFlowClient {
+	client := &http.Client{Timeout: 30 * time.Second}
+	if cfg != nil {
+		client = util.SetProxy(&cfg.SDKConfig, client)
+	}
+	return &DeviceFlowClient{
+		httpClient: client,
+		cfg:        cfg,
+	}
+}
+
+// RequestDeviceCode initiates the device flow by requesting a device code from GitHub.
+func (c *DeviceFlowClient) RequestDeviceCode(ctx context.Context) (*DeviceCodeResponse, error) {
+	data := url.Values{}
+	data.Set("client_id", copilotClientID)
+	data.Set("scope", "read:user user:email")
+
+	req, err := http.NewRequestWithContext(ctx, http.MethodPost, copilotDeviceCodeURL, strings.NewReader(data.Encode()))
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, NewAuthenticationError(ErrDeviceCodeFailed, err)
+	}
+	req.Header.Set("Content-Type", "application/x-www-form-urlencoded")
+	req.Header.Set("Accept", "application/json")
+
+	resp, err := c.httpClient.Do(req)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, NewAuthenticationError(ErrDeviceCodeFailed, err)
+	}
+	defer func() {
+		if errClose := resp.Body.Close(); errClose != nil {
+			log.Errorf("copilot device code: close body error: %v", errClose)
+		}
+	}()
+
+	if !isHTTPSuccess(resp.StatusCode) {
+		bodyBytes, _ := io.ReadAll(resp.Body)
+		return nil, NewAuthenticationError(ErrDeviceCodeFailed, fmt.Errorf("status %d: %s", resp.StatusCode, string(bodyBytes)))
+	}
+
+	var deviceCode DeviceCodeResponse
+	if err = json.NewDecoder(resp.Body).Decode(&deviceCode); err != nil {
+		return nil, NewAuthenticationError(ErrDeviceCodeFailed, err)
+	}
+
+	return &deviceCode, nil
+}
+
+// PollForToken polls the token endpoint until the user authorizes or the device code expires.
+func (c *DeviceFlowClient) PollForToken(ctx context.Context, deviceCode *DeviceCodeResponse) (*CopilotTokenData, error) {
+	if deviceCode == nil {
+		return nil, NewAuthenticationError(ErrTokenExchangeFailed, fmt.Errorf("device code is nil"))
+	}
+
+	interval := time.Duration(deviceCode.Interval) * time.Second
+	if interval < defaultPollInterval {
+		interval = defaultPollInterval
+	}
+
+	deadline := time.Now().Add(maxPollDuration)
+	if deviceCode.ExpiresIn > 0 {
+		codeDeadline := time.Now().Add(time.Duration(deviceCode.ExpiresIn) * time.Second)
+		if codeDeadline.Before(deadline) {
+			deadline = codeDeadline
+		}
+	}
+
+	ticker := time.NewTicker(interval)
+	defer ticker.Stop()
+
+	for {
+		select {
+		case <-ctx.Done():
+			return nil, NewAuthenticationError(ErrPollingTimeout, ctx.Err())
+		case <-ticker.C:
+			if time.Now().After(deadline) {
+				return nil, ErrPollingTimeout
+			}
+
+			token, err := c.exchangeDeviceCode(ctx, deviceCode.DeviceCode)
+			if err != nil {
+				var authErr *AuthenticationError
+				if errors.As(err, &authErr) {
+					switch authErr.Type {
+					case ErrAuthorizationPending.Type:
+						// Continue polling
+						continue
+					case ErrSlowDown.Type:
+						// Increase interval and continue
+						interval += 5 * time.Second
+						ticker.Reset(interval)
+						continue
+					case ErrDeviceCodeExpired.Type:
+						return nil, err
+					case ErrAccessDenied.Type:
+						return nil, err
+					}
+				}
+				return nil, err
+			}
+			return token, nil
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+// exchangeDeviceCode attempts to exchange the device code for an access token.
+func (c *DeviceFlowClient) exchangeDeviceCode(ctx context.Context, deviceCode string) (*CopilotTokenData, error) {
+	data := url.Values{}
+	data.Set("client_id", copilotClientID)
+	data.Set("device_code", deviceCode)
+	data.Set("grant_type", "urn:ietf:params:oauth:grant-type:device_code")
+
+	req, err := http.NewRequestWithContext(ctx, http.MethodPost, copilotTokenURL, strings.NewReader(data.Encode()))
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, NewAuthenticationError(ErrTokenExchangeFailed, err)
+	}
+	req.Header.Set("Content-Type", "application/x-www-form-urlencoded")
+	req.Header.Set("Accept", "application/json")
+
+	resp, err := c.httpClient.Do(req)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, NewAuthenticationError(ErrTokenExchangeFailed, err)
+	}
+	defer func() {
+		if errClose := resp.Body.Close(); errClose != nil {
+			log.Errorf("copilot token exchange: close body error: %v", errClose)
+		}
+	}()
+
+	bodyBytes, err := io.ReadAll(resp.Body)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, NewAuthenticationError(ErrTokenExchangeFailed, err)
+	}
+
+	// GitHub returns 200 for both success and error cases in device flow
+	// Check for OAuth error response first
+	var oauthResp struct {
+		Error            string `json:"error"`
+		ErrorDescription string `json:"error_description"`
+		AccessToken      string `json:"access_token"`
+		TokenType        string `json:"token_type"`
+		Scope            string `json:"scope"`
+	}
+
+	if err = json.Unmarshal(bodyBytes, &oauthResp); err != nil {
+		return nil, NewAuthenticationError(ErrTokenExchangeFailed, err)
+	}
+
+	if oauthResp.Error != "" {
+		switch oauthResp.Error {
+		case "authorization_pending":
+			return nil, ErrAuthorizationPending
+		case "slow_down":
+			return nil, ErrSlowDown
+		case "expired_token":
+			return nil, ErrDeviceCodeExpired
+		case "access_denied":
+			return nil, ErrAccessDenied
+		default:
+			return nil, NewOAuthError(oauthResp.Error, oauthResp.ErrorDescription, resp.StatusCode)
+		}
+	}
+
+	if oauthResp.AccessToken == "" {
+		return nil, NewAuthenticationError(ErrTokenExchangeFailed, fmt.Errorf("empty access token"))
+	}
+
+	return &CopilotTokenData{
+		AccessToken: oauthResp.AccessToken,
+		TokenType:   oauthResp.TokenType,
+		Scope:       oauthResp.Scope,
+	}, nil
+}
+
+// GitHubUserInfo holds GitHub user profile information.
+type GitHubUserInfo struct {
+	// Login is the GitHub username.
+	Login string
+	// Email is the primary email address (may be empty if not public).
+	Email string
+	// Name is the display name.
+	Name string
+}
+
+// FetchUserInfo retrieves the GitHub user profile for the authenticated user.
+func (c *DeviceFlowClient) FetchUserInfo(ctx context.Context, accessToken string) (GitHubUserInfo, error) {
+	if accessToken == "" {
+		return GitHubUserInfo{}, NewAuthenticationError(ErrUserInfoFailed, fmt.Errorf("access token is empty"))
+	}
+
+	req, err := http.NewRequestWithContext(ctx, http.MethodGet, copilotUserInfoURL, nil)
+	if err != nil {
+		return GitHubUserInfo{}, NewAuthenticationError(ErrUserInfoFailed, err)
+	}
+	req.Header.Set("Authorization", "Bearer "+accessToken)
+	req.Header.Set("Accept", "application/json")
+	req.Header.Set("User-Agent", "CLIProxyAPI")
+
+	resp, err := c.httpClient.Do(req)
+	if err != nil {
+		return GitHubUserInfo{}, NewAuthenticationError(ErrUserInfoFailed, err)
+	}
+	defer func() {
+		if errClose := resp.Body.Close(); errClose != nil {
+			log.Errorf("copilot user info: close body error: %v", errClose)
+		}
+	}()
+
+	if !isHTTPSuccess(resp.StatusCode) {
+		bodyBytes, _ := io.ReadAll(resp.Body)
+		return GitHubUserInfo{}, NewAuthenticationError(ErrUserInfoFailed, fmt.Errorf("status %d: %s", resp.StatusCode, string(bodyBytes)))
+	}
+
+	var raw struct {
+		Login string `json:"login"`
+		Email string `json:"email"`
+		Name  string `json:"name"`
+	}
+	if err = json.NewDecoder(resp.Body).Decode(&raw); err != nil {
+		return GitHubUserInfo{}, NewAuthenticationError(ErrUserInfoFailed, err)
+	}
+
+	if raw.Login == "" {
+		return GitHubUserInfo{}, NewAuthenticationError(ErrUserInfoFailed, fmt.Errorf("empty username"))
+	}
+
+	return GitHubUserInfo{
+		Login: raw.Login,
+		Email: raw.Email,
+		Name:  raw.Name,
+	}, nil
+}

internal/auth/copilot/oauth_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,213 @@
+package copilot
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"encoding/json"
+	"net/http"
+	"net/http/httptest"
+	"strings"
+	"testing"
+)
+
+// roundTripFunc lets us inject a custom transport for testing.
+type roundTripFunc func(*http.Request) (*http.Response, error)
+
+func (f roundTripFunc) RoundTrip(r *http.Request) (*http.Response, error) { return f(r) }
+
+// newTestClient returns an *http.Client whose requests are redirected to the given test server,
+// regardless of the original URL host.
+func newTestClient(srv *httptest.Server) *http.Client {
+	return &http.Client{
+		Transport: roundTripFunc(func(req *http.Request) (*http.Response, error) {
+			req2 := req.Clone(req.Context())
+			req2.URL.Scheme = "http"
+			req2.URL.Host = strings.TrimPrefix(srv.URL, "http://")
+			return srv.Client().Transport.RoundTrip(req2)
+		}),
+	}
+}
+
+// TestFetchUserInfo_FullProfile verifies that FetchUserInfo returns login, email, and name.
+func TestFetchUserInfo_FullProfile(t *testing.T) {
+	srv := httptest.NewServer(http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
+		if !strings.HasPrefix(r.Header.Get("Authorization"), "Bearer ") {
+			w.WriteHeader(http.StatusUnauthorized)
+			return
+		}
+		w.Header().Set("Content-Type", "application/json")
+		_ = json.NewEncoder(w).Encode(map[string]string{
+			"login": "octocat",
+			"email": "octocat@github.com",
+			"name":  "The Octocat",
+		})
+	}))
+	defer srv.Close()
+
+	client := &DeviceFlowClient{httpClient: newTestClient(srv)}
+	info, err := client.FetchUserInfo(context.Background(), "test-token")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+	if info.Login != "octocat" {
+		t.Errorf("Login: got %q, want %q", info.Login, "octocat")
+	}
+	if info.Email != "octocat@github.com" {
+		t.Errorf("Email: got %q, want %q", info.Email, "octocat@github.com")
+	}
+	if info.Name != "The Octocat" {
+		t.Errorf("Name: got %q, want %q", info.Name, "The Octocat")
+	}
+}
+
+// TestFetchUserInfo_EmptyEmail verifies graceful handling when email is absent (private account).
+func TestFetchUserInfo_EmptyEmail(t *testing.T) {
+	srv := httptest.NewServer(http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
+		w.Header().Set("Content-Type", "application/json")
+		// GitHub returns null for private emails.
+		_, _ = w.Write([]byte(`{"login":"privateuser","email":null,"name":"Private User"}`))
+	}))
+	defer srv.Close()
+
+	client := &DeviceFlowClient{httpClient: newTestClient(srv)}
+	info, err := client.FetchUserInfo(context.Background(), "test-token")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+	if info.Login != "privateuser" {
+		t.Errorf("Login: got %q, want %q", info.Login, "privateuser")
+	}
+	if info.Email != "" {
+		t.Errorf("Email: got %q, want empty string", info.Email)
+	}
+	if info.Name != "Private User" {
+		t.Errorf("Name: got %q, want %q", info.Name, "Private User")
+	}
+}
+
+// TestFetchUserInfo_EmptyToken verifies error is returned for empty access token.
+func TestFetchUserInfo_EmptyToken(t *testing.T) {
+	client := &DeviceFlowClient{httpClient: http.DefaultClient}
+	_, err := client.FetchUserInfo(context.Background(), "")
+	if err == nil {
+		t.Fatal("expected error for empty token, got nil")
+	}
+}
+
+// TestFetchUserInfo_EmptyLogin verifies error is returned when API returns no login.
+func TestFetchUserInfo_EmptyLogin(t *testing.T) {
+	srv := httptest.NewServer(http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
+		w.Header().Set("Content-Type", "application/json")
+		_, _ = w.Write([]byte(`{"email":"someone@example.com","name":"No Login"}`))
+	}))
+	defer srv.Close()
+
+	client := &DeviceFlowClient{httpClient: newTestClient(srv)}
+	_, err := client.FetchUserInfo(context.Background(), "test-token")
+	if err == nil {
+		t.Fatal("expected error for empty login, got nil")
+	}
+}
+
+// TestFetchUserInfo_HTTPError verifies error is returned on non-2xx response.
+func TestFetchUserInfo_HTTPError(t *testing.T) {
+	srv := httptest.NewServer(http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
+		w.WriteHeader(http.StatusUnauthorized)
+		_, _ = w.Write([]byte(`{"message":"Bad credentials"}`))
+	}))
+	defer srv.Close()
+
+	client := &DeviceFlowClient{httpClient: newTestClient(srv)}
+	_, err := client.FetchUserInfo(context.Background(), "bad-token")
+	if err == nil {
+		t.Fatal("expected error for 401 response, got nil")
+	}
+}
+
+// TestCopilotTokenStorage_EmailNameFields verifies Email and Name serialise correctly.
+func TestCopilotTokenStorage_EmailNameFields(t *testing.T) {
+	ts := &CopilotTokenStorage{
+		AccessToken: "ghu_abc",
+		TokenType:   "bearer",
+		Scope:       "read:user user:email",
+		Username:    "octocat",
+		Email:       "octocat@github.com",
+		Name:        "The Octocat",
+		Type:        "github-copilot",
+	}
+
+	data, err := json.Marshal(ts)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("marshal error: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	var out map[string]any
+	if err = json.Unmarshal(data, &out); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("unmarshal error: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	for _, key := range []string{"access_token", "username", "email", "name", "type"} {
+		if _, ok := out[key]; !ok {
+			t.Errorf("expected key %q in JSON output, not found", key)
+		}
+	}
+	if out["email"] != "octocat@github.com" {
+		t.Errorf("email: got %v, want %q", out["email"], "octocat@github.com")
+	}
+	if out["name"] != "The Octocat" {
+		t.Errorf("name: got %v, want %q", out["name"], "The Octocat")
+	}
+}
+
+// TestCopilotTokenStorage_OmitEmptyEmailName verifies email/name are omitted when empty (omitempty).
+func TestCopilotTokenStorage_OmitEmptyEmailName(t *testing.T) {
+	ts := &CopilotTokenStorage{
+		AccessToken: "ghu_abc",
+		Username:    "octocat",
+		Type:        "github-copilot",
+	}
+
+	data, err := json.Marshal(ts)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("marshal error: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	var out map[string]any
+	if err = json.Unmarshal(data, &out); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("unmarshal error: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	if _, ok := out["email"]; ok {
+		t.Error("email key should be omitted when empty (omitempty), but was present")
+	}
+	if _, ok := out["name"]; ok {
+		t.Error("name key should be omitted when empty (omitempty), but was present")
+	}
+}
+
+// TestCopilotAuthBundle_EmailNameFields verifies bundle carries email and name through the pipeline.
+func TestCopilotAuthBundle_EmailNameFields(t *testing.T) {
+	bundle := &CopilotAuthBundle{
+		TokenData: &CopilotTokenData{AccessToken: "ghu_abc"},
+		Username:  "octocat",
+		Email:     "octocat@github.com",
+		Name:      "The Octocat",
+	}
+	if bundle.Email != "octocat@github.com" {
+		t.Errorf("bundle.Email: got %q, want %q", bundle.Email, "octocat@github.com")
+	}
+	if bundle.Name != "The Octocat" {
+		t.Errorf("bundle.Name: got %q, want %q", bundle.Name, "The Octocat")
+	}
+}
+
+// TestGitHubUserInfo_Struct verifies the exported GitHubUserInfo struct fields are accessible.
+func TestGitHubUserInfo_Struct(t *testing.T) {
+	info := GitHubUserInfo{
+		Login: "octocat",
+		Email: "octocat@github.com",
+		Name:  "The Octocat",
+	}
+	if info.Login == "" || info.Email == "" || info.Name == "" {
+		t.Error("GitHubUserInfo fields should not be empty")
+	}
+}

internal/auth/copilot/token.go

@@ -0,0 +1,101 @@
+// Package copilot provides authentication and token management functionality
+// for GitHub Copilot AI services. It handles OAuth2 device flow token storage,
+// serialization, and retrieval for maintaining authenticated sessions with the Copilot API.
+package copilot
+
+import (
+	"encoding/json"
+	"fmt"
+	"os"
+	"path/filepath"
+
+	"github.com/router-for-me/CLIProxyAPI/v6/internal/misc"
+)
+
+// CopilotTokenStorage stores OAuth2 token information for GitHub Copilot API authentication.
+// It maintains compatibility with the existing auth system while adding Copilot-specific fields
+// for managing access tokens and user account information.
+type CopilotTokenStorage struct {
+	// AccessToken is the OAuth2 access token used for authenticating API requests.
+	AccessToken string `json:"access_token"`
+	// TokenType is the type of token, typically "bearer".
+	TokenType string `json:"token_type"`
+	// Scope is the OAuth2 scope granted to the token.
+	Scope string `json:"scope"`
+	// ExpiresAt is the timestamp when the access token expires (if provided).
+	ExpiresAt string `json:"expires_at,omitempty"`
+	// Username is the GitHub username associated with this token.
+	Username string `json:"username"`
+	// Email is the GitHub email address associated with this token.
+	Email string `json:"email,omitempty"`
+	// Name is the GitHub display name associated with this token.
+	Name string `json:"name,omitempty"`
+	// Type indicates the authentication provider type, always "github-copilot" for this storage.
+	Type string `json:"type"`
+}
+
+// CopilotTokenData holds the raw OAuth token response from GitHub.
+type CopilotTokenData struct {
+	// AccessToken is the OAuth2 access token.
+	AccessToken string `json:"access_token"`
+	// TokenType is the type of token, typically "bearer".
+	TokenType string `json:"token_type"`
+	// Scope is the OAuth2 scope granted to the token.
+	Scope string `json:"scope"`
+}
+
+// CopilotAuthBundle bundles authentication data for storage.
+type CopilotAuthBundle struct {
+	// TokenData contains the OAuth token information.
+	TokenData *CopilotTokenData
+	// Username is the GitHub username.
+	Username string
+	// Email is the GitHub email address.
+	Email string
+	// Name is the GitHub display name.
+	Name string
+}
+
+// DeviceCodeResponse represents GitHub's device code response.
+type DeviceCodeResponse struct {
+	// DeviceCode is the device verification code.
+	DeviceCode string `json:"device_code"`
+	// UserCode is the code the user must enter at the verification URI.
+	UserCode string `json:"user_code"`
+	// VerificationURI is the URL where the user should enter the code.
+	VerificationURI string `json:"verification_uri"`
+	// ExpiresIn is the number of seconds until the device code expires.
+	ExpiresIn int `json:"expires_in"`
+	// Interval is the minimum number of seconds to wait between polling requests.
+	Interval int `json:"interval"`
+}
+
+// SaveTokenToFile serializes the Copilot token storage to a JSON file.
+// This method creates the necessary directory structure and writes the token
+// data in JSON format to the specified file path for persistent storage.
+//
+// Parameters:
+//   - authFilePath: The full path where the token file should be saved
+//
+// Returns:
+//   - error: An error if the operation fails, nil otherwise
+func (ts *CopilotTokenStorage) SaveTokenToFile(authFilePath string) error {
+	misc.LogSavingCredentials(authFilePath)
+	ts.Type = "github-copilot"
+	if err := os.MkdirAll(filepath.Dir(authFilePath), 0700); err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("failed to create directory: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	f, err := os.Create(authFilePath)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("failed to create token file: %w", err)
+	}
+	defer func() {
+		_ = f.Close()
+	}()
+
+	if err = json.NewEncoder(f).Encode(ts); err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("failed to write token to file: %w", err)
+	}
+	return nil
+}

internal/auth/cursor/filename.go

@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+package cursor
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+	"strings"
+)
+
+// CredentialFileName returns the filename used to persist Cursor credentials.
+// Priority: explicit label > auto-generated from JWT sub hash.
+// If both label and subHash are empty, falls back to "cursor.json".
+func CredentialFileName(label, subHash string) string {
+	label = strings.TrimSpace(label)
+	subHash = strings.TrimSpace(subHash)
+	if label != "" {
+		return fmt.Sprintf("cursor.%s.json", label)
+	}
+	if subHash != "" {
+		return fmt.Sprintf("cursor.%s.json", subHash)
+	}
+	return "cursor.json"
+}
+
+// DisplayLabel returns a human-readable label for the Cursor account.
+func DisplayLabel(label, subHash string) string {
+	label = strings.TrimSpace(label)
+	if label != "" {
+		return "Cursor " + label
+	}
+	if subHash != "" {
+		return "Cursor " + subHash
+	}
+	return "Cursor User"
+}

internal/auth/cursor/oauth.go

@@ -0,0 +1,249 @@
+// Package cursor implements Cursor OAuth PKCE authentication and token refresh.
+package cursor
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"crypto/rand"
+	"crypto/sha256"
+	"encoding/base64"
+	"encoding/json"
+	"fmt"
+	"io"
+	"math"
+	"net/http"
+	"strings"
+	"time"
+)
+
+const (
+	CursorLoginURL   = "https://cursor.com/loginDeepControl"
+	CursorPollURL    = "https://api2.cursor.sh/auth/poll"
+	CursorRefreshURL = "https://api2.cursor.sh/auth/exchange_user_api_key"
+
+	pollMaxAttempts      = 150
+	pollBaseDelay        = 1 * time.Second
+	pollMaxDelay         = 10 * time.Second
+	pollBackoffMultiply  = 1.2
+	maxConsecutiveErrors = 10
+)
+
+// AuthParams holds the PKCE parameters for Cursor login.
+type AuthParams struct {
+	Verifier  string
+	Challenge string
+	UUID      string
+	LoginURL  string
+}
+
+// TokenPair holds the access and refresh tokens from Cursor.
+type TokenPair struct {
+	AccessToken  string `json:"accessToken"`
+	RefreshToken string `json:"refreshToken"`
+}
+
+// GeneratePKCE creates a PKCE verifier and challenge pair.
+func GeneratePKCE() (verifier, challenge string, err error) {
+	verifierBytes := make([]byte, 96)
+	if _, err = rand.Read(verifierBytes); err != nil {
+		return "", "", fmt.Errorf("cursor: failed to generate PKCE verifier: %w", err)
+	}
+	verifier = base64.RawURLEncoding.EncodeToString(verifierBytes)
+
+	h := sha256.Sum256([]byte(verifier))
+	challenge = base64.RawURLEncoding.EncodeToString(h[:])
+	return verifier, challenge, nil
+}
+
+// GenerateAuthParams creates the full set of auth params for Cursor login.
+func GenerateAuthParams() (*AuthParams, error) {
+	verifier, challenge, err := GeneratePKCE()
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	uuidBytes := make([]byte, 16)
+	if _, err = rand.Read(uuidBytes); err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("cursor: failed to generate UUID: %w", err)
+	}
+	uuid := fmt.Sprintf("%x-%x-%x-%x-%x",
+		uuidBytes[0:4], uuidBytes[4:6], uuidBytes[6:8], uuidBytes[8:10], uuidBytes[10:16])
+
+	loginURL := fmt.Sprintf("%s?challenge=%s&uuid=%s&mode=login&redirectTarget=cli",
+		CursorLoginURL, challenge, uuid)
+
+	return &AuthParams{
+		Verifier:  verifier,
+		Challenge: challenge,
+		UUID:      uuid,
+		LoginURL:  loginURL,
+	}, nil
+}
+
+// PollForAuth polls the Cursor auth endpoint until the user completes login.
+func PollForAuth(ctx context.Context, uuid, verifier string) (*TokenPair, error) {
+	delay := pollBaseDelay
+	consecutiveErrors := 0
+
+	client := &http.Client{Timeout: 10 * time.Second}
+
+	for attempt := 0; attempt < pollMaxAttempts; attempt++ {
+		select {
+		case <-ctx.Done():
+			return nil, ctx.Err()
+		case <-time.After(delay):
+		}
+
+		url := fmt.Sprintf("%s?uuid=%s&verifier=%s", CursorPollURL, uuid, verifier)
+		req, err := http.NewRequestWithContext(ctx, http.MethodGet, url, nil)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("cursor: failed to create poll request: %w", err)
+		}
+
+		resp, err := client.Do(req)
+		if err != nil {
+			consecutiveErrors++
+			if consecutiveErrors >= maxConsecutiveErrors {
+				return nil, fmt.Errorf("cursor: too many consecutive poll errors (last: %v)", err)
+			}
+			delay = minDuration(time.Duration(float64(delay)*pollBackoffMultiply), pollMaxDelay)
+			continue
+		}
+
+		body, _ := io.ReadAll(resp.Body)
+		resp.Body.Close()
+
+		if resp.StatusCode == http.StatusNotFound {
+			// Still waiting for user to authorize
+			consecutiveErrors = 0
+			delay = minDuration(time.Duration(float64(delay)*pollBackoffMultiply), pollMaxDelay)
+			continue
+		}
+
+		if resp.StatusCode >= 200 && resp.StatusCode < 300 {
+			var tokens TokenPair
+			if err := json.Unmarshal(body, &tokens); err != nil {
+				return nil, fmt.Errorf("cursor: failed to parse auth response: %w", err)
+			}
+			return &tokens, nil
+		}
+
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("cursor: poll failed with status %d: %s", resp.StatusCode, string(body))
+	}
+
+	return nil, fmt.Errorf("cursor: authentication polling timeout (waited ~%.0f seconds)",
+		float64(pollMaxAttempts)*pollMaxDelay.Seconds()/2)
+}
+
+// RefreshToken refreshes a Cursor access token using the refresh token.
+func RefreshToken(ctx context.Context, refreshToken string) (*TokenPair, error) {
+	client := &http.Client{Timeout: 10 * time.Second}
+
+	req, err := http.NewRequestWithContext(ctx, http.MethodPost, CursorRefreshURL,
+		strings.NewReader("{}"))
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("cursor: failed to create refresh request: %w", err)
+	}
+	req.Header.Set("Authorization", "Bearer "+refreshToken)
+	req.Header.Set("Content-Type", "application/json")
+
+	resp, err := client.Do(req)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("cursor: token refresh request failed: %w", err)
+	}
+	defer resp.Body.Close()
+
+	body, _ := io.ReadAll(resp.Body)
+
+	if resp.StatusCode < 200 || resp.StatusCode >= 300 {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("cursor: token refresh failed (status %d): %s", resp.StatusCode, string(body))
+	}
+
+	var tokens TokenPair
+	if err := json.Unmarshal(body, &tokens); err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("cursor: failed to parse refresh response: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	// Keep original refresh token if not returned
+	if tokens.RefreshToken == "" {
+		tokens.RefreshToken = refreshToken
+	}
+
+	return &tokens, nil
+}
+
+// ParseJWTSub extracts the "sub" claim from a Cursor JWT access token.
+// Cursor JWTs contain "sub" like "auth0|user_XXXX" which uniquely identifies
+// the account. Returns empty string if parsing fails.
+func ParseJWTSub(token string) string {
+	decoded := decodeJWTPayload(token)
+	if decoded == nil {
+		return ""
+	}
+	var claims struct {
+		Sub string `json:"sub"`
+	}
+	if err := json.Unmarshal(decoded, &claims); err != nil {
+		return ""
+	}
+	return claims.Sub
+}
+
+// SubToShortHash converts a JWT sub claim to a short hex hash for use in filenames.
+// e.g. "auth0|user_2x..." → "a3f8b2c1"
+func SubToShortHash(sub string) string {
+	if sub == "" {
+		return ""
+	}
+	h := sha256.Sum256([]byte(sub))
+	return fmt.Sprintf("%x", h[:4]) // 8 hex chars
+}
+
+// decodeJWTPayload decodes the payload (middle) part of a JWT.
+func decodeJWTPayload(token string) []byte {
+	parts := strings.Split(token, ".")
+	if len(parts) != 3 {
+		return nil
+	}
+	payload := parts[1]
+	switch len(payload) % 4 {
+	case 2:
+		payload += "=="
+	case 3:
+		payload += "="
+	}
+	payload = strings.ReplaceAll(payload, "-", "+")
+	payload = strings.ReplaceAll(payload, "_", "/")
+	decoded, err := base64.StdEncoding.DecodeString(payload)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil
+	}
+	return decoded
+}
+
+// GetTokenExpiry extracts the JWT expiry from an access token with a 5-minute safety margin.
+// Falls back to 1 hour from now if the token can't be parsed.
+func GetTokenExpiry(token string) time.Time {
+	decoded := decodeJWTPayload(token)
+	if decoded == nil {
+		return time.Now().Add(1 * time.Hour)
+	}
+
+	var claims struct {
+		Exp float64 `json:"exp"`
+	}
+	if err := json.Unmarshal(decoded, &claims); err != nil || claims.Exp == 0 {
+		return time.Now().Add(1 * time.Hour)
+	}
+
+	sec, frac := math.Modf(claims.Exp)
+	expiry := time.Unix(int64(sec), int64(frac*1e9))
+	// Subtract 5-minute safety margin
+	return expiry.Add(-5 * time.Minute)
+}
+
+func minDuration(a, b time.Duration) time.Duration {
+	if a < b {
+		return a
+	}
+	return b
+}

internal/auth/cursor/proto/connect.go

@@ -0,0 +1,84 @@
+package proto
+
+import (
+	"encoding/binary"
+	"encoding/json"
+	"fmt"
+)
+
+const (
+	// ConnectEndStreamFlag marks the end-of-stream frame (trailers).
+	ConnectEndStreamFlag byte = 0x02
+	// ConnectCompressionFlag indicates the payload is compressed (not supported).
+	ConnectCompressionFlag byte = 0x01
+	// ConnectFrameHeaderSize is the fixed 5-byte frame header.
+	ConnectFrameHeaderSize = 5
+)
+
+// FrameConnectMessage wraps a protobuf payload in a Connect frame.
+// Frame format: [1 byte flags][4 bytes payload length (big-endian)][payload]
+func FrameConnectMessage(data []byte, flags byte) []byte {
+	frame := make([]byte, ConnectFrameHeaderSize+len(data))
+	frame[0] = flags
+	binary.BigEndian.PutUint32(frame[1:5], uint32(len(data)))
+	copy(frame[5:], data)
+	return frame
+}
+
+// ParseConnectFrame extracts one frame from a buffer.
+// Returns (flags, payload, bytesConsumed, ok).
+// ok is false when the buffer is too short for a complete frame.
+func ParseConnectFrame(buf []byte) (flags byte, payload []byte, consumed int, ok bool) {
+	if len(buf) < ConnectFrameHeaderSize {
+		return 0, nil, 0, false
+	}
+	flags = buf[0]
+	length := binary.BigEndian.Uint32(buf[1:5])
+	total := ConnectFrameHeaderSize + int(length)
+	if len(buf) < total {
+		return 0, nil, 0, false
+	}
+	return flags, buf[5:total], total, true
+}
+
+// ConnectError is a structured error from the Connect protocol end-of-stream trailer.
+// The Code field contains the server-defined error code (e.g. gRPC standard codes
+// like "resource_exhausted", "unauthenticated", "permission_denied", "unavailable").
+type ConnectError struct {
+	Code    string // server-defined error code
+	Message string // human-readable error description
+}
+
+func (e *ConnectError) Error() string {
+	return fmt.Sprintf("Connect error %s: %s", e.Code, e.Message)
+}
+
+// ParseConnectEndStream parses a Connect end-of-stream frame payload (JSON).
+// Returns nil if there is no error in the trailer.
+// On error, returns a *ConnectError with the server's error code and message.
+func ParseConnectEndStream(data []byte) error {
+	if len(data) == 0 {
+		return nil
+	}
+	var trailer struct {
+		Error *struct {
+			Code    string `json:"code"`
+			Message string `json:"message"`
+		} `json:"error"`
+	}
+	if err := json.Unmarshal(data, &trailer); err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("failed to parse Connect end stream: %w", err)
+	}
+	if trailer.Error != nil {
+		code := trailer.Error.Code
+		if code == "" {
+			code = "unknown"
+		}
+		msg := trailer.Error.Message
+		if msg == "" {
+			msg = "Unknown error"
+		}
+		return &ConnectError{Code: code, Message: msg}
+	}
+	return nil
+}

internal/auth/cursor/proto/decode.go

@@ -0,0 +1,564 @@
+package proto
+
+import (
+	"encoding/hex"
+	"fmt"
+
+	log "github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
+	"google.golang.org/protobuf/encoding/protowire"
+)
+
+// ServerMessageType identifies the kind of decoded server message.
+type ServerMessageType int
+
+const (
+	ServerMsgUnknown           ServerMessageType = iota
+	ServerMsgTextDelta                           // Text content delta
+	ServerMsgThinkingDelta                       // Thinking/reasoning delta
+	ServerMsgThinkingCompleted                   // Thinking completed
+	ServerMsgKvGetBlob                           // Server wants a blob
+	ServerMsgKvSetBlob                           // Server wants to store a blob
+	ServerMsgExecRequestCtx                      // Server requests context (tools, etc.)
+	ServerMsgExecMcpArgs                         // Server wants MCP tool execution
+	ServerMsgExecShellArgs                       // Rejected: shell command
+	ServerMsgExecReadArgs                        // Rejected: file read
+	ServerMsgExecWriteArgs                       // Rejected: file write
+	ServerMsgExecDeleteArgs                      // Rejected: file delete
+	ServerMsgExecLsArgs                          // Rejected: directory listing
+	ServerMsgExecGrepArgs                        // Rejected: grep search
+	ServerMsgExecFetchArgs                       // Rejected: HTTP fetch
+	ServerMsgExecDiagnostics                     // Respond with empty diagnostics
+	ServerMsgExecShellStream                     // Rejected: shell stream
+	ServerMsgExecBgShellSpawn                    // Rejected: background shell
+	ServerMsgExecWriteShellStdin                 // Rejected: write shell stdin
+	ServerMsgExecOther                           // Other exec types (respond with empty)
+	ServerMsgTurnEnded                           // Turn has ended (no more output)
+	ServerMsgHeartbeat                           // Server heartbeat
+	ServerMsgTokenDelta                          // Token usage delta
+	ServerMsgCheckpoint                          // Conversation checkpoint update
+)
+
+// DecodedServerMessage holds parsed data from an AgentServerMessage.
+type DecodedServerMessage struct {
+	Type ServerMessageType
+
+	// For text/thinking deltas
+	Text string
+
+	// For KV messages
+	KvId     uint32
+	BlobId   []byte // hex-encoded blob ID
+	BlobData []byte // for setBlobArgs
+
+	// For exec messages
+	ExecMsgId uint32
+	ExecId    string
+
+	// For MCP args
+	McpToolName   string
+	McpToolCallId string
+	McpArgs       map[string][]byte // arg name -> protobuf-encoded value
+
+	// For rejection context
+	Path             string
+	Command          string
+	WorkingDirectory string
+	Url              string
+
+	// For other exec - the raw field number for building a response
+	ExecFieldNumber int
+
+	// For TokenDeltaUpdate
+	TokenDelta int64
+
+	// For conversation checkpoint update (raw bytes, not decoded)
+	CheckpointData []byte
+}
+
+// DecodeAgentServerMessage parses an AgentServerMessage and returns
+// a structured representation of the first meaningful message found.
+func DecodeAgentServerMessage(data []byte) (*DecodedServerMessage, error) {
+	msg := &DecodedServerMessage{Type: ServerMsgUnknown}
+
+	for len(data) > 0 {
+		num, typ, n := protowire.ConsumeTag(data)
+		if n < 0 {
+			return msg, fmt.Errorf("invalid tag")
+		}
+		data = data[n:]
+
+		switch typ {
+		case protowire.BytesType:
+			val, n := protowire.ConsumeBytes(data)
+			if n < 0 {
+				return msg, fmt.Errorf("invalid bytes field %d", num)
+			}
+			data = data[n:]
+
+			// Debug: log top-level ASM fields
+			log.Debugf("DecodeAgentServerMessage: found ASM field %d, len=%d", num, len(val))
+
+			switch num {
+			case ASM_InteractionUpdate:
+				log.Debugf("DecodeAgentServerMessage: calling decodeInteractionUpdate")
+				decodeInteractionUpdate(val, msg)
+			case ASM_ExecServerMessage:
+				log.Debugf("DecodeAgentServerMessage: calling decodeExecServerMessage")
+				decodeExecServerMessage(val, msg)
+			case ASM_KvServerMessage:
+				decodeKvServerMessage(val, msg)
+			case ASM_ConversationCheckpoint:
+				msg.Type = ServerMsgCheckpoint
+				msg.CheckpointData = append([]byte(nil), val...) // copy raw bytes
+				log.Debugf("DecodeAgentServerMessage: captured checkpoint %d bytes", len(val))
+			}
+
+		case protowire.VarintType:
+			_, n := protowire.ConsumeVarint(data)
+			if n < 0 {
+				return msg, fmt.Errorf("invalid varint field %d", num)
+			}
+			data = data[n:]
+
+		default:
+			// Skip unknown wire types
+			n := protowire.ConsumeFieldValue(num, typ, data)
+			if n < 0 {
+				return msg, fmt.Errorf("invalid field %d", num)
+			}
+			data = data[n:]
+		}
+	}
+
+	return msg, nil
+}
+
+func decodeInteractionUpdate(data []byte, msg *DecodedServerMessage) {
+	log.Debugf("decodeInteractionUpdate: input len=%d, hex=%x", len(data), data)
+	for len(data) > 0 {
+		num, typ, n := protowire.ConsumeTag(data)
+		if n < 0 {
+			log.Debugf("decodeInteractionUpdate: invalid tag, remaining=%x", data)
+			return
+		}
+		data = data[n:]
+		log.Debugf("decodeInteractionUpdate: field=%d wire=%d remaining=%d bytes", num, typ, len(data))
+
+		if typ == protowire.BytesType {
+			val, n := protowire.ConsumeBytes(data)
+			if n < 0 {
+				log.Debugf("decodeInteractionUpdate: invalid bytes field %d", num)
+				return
+			}
+			data = data[n:]
+			log.Debugf("decodeInteractionUpdate: field %d content len=%d, first 20 bytes: %x", num, len(val), val[:min(20, len(val))])
+
+			switch num {
+			case IU_TextDelta:
+				msg.Type = ServerMsgTextDelta
+				msg.Text = decodeStringField(val, TDU_Text)
+				log.Debugf("decodeInteractionUpdate: TextDelta text=%q", msg.Text)
+			case IU_ThinkingDelta:
+				msg.Type = ServerMsgThinkingDelta
+				msg.Text = decodeStringField(val, TKD_Text)
+				log.Debugf("decodeInteractionUpdate: ThinkingDelta text=%q", msg.Text)
+			case IU_ThinkingCompleted:
+				msg.Type = ServerMsgThinkingCompleted
+				log.Debugf("decodeInteractionUpdate: ThinkingCompleted")
+			case 2:
+				// tool_call_started - ignore but log
+				log.Debugf("decodeInteractionUpdate: ToolCallStarted (ignored)")
+			case 3:
+				// tool_call_completed - ignore but log
+				log.Debugf("decodeInteractionUpdate: ToolCallCompleted (ignored)")
+			case 8:
+				// token_delta - extract token count
+				msg.Type = ServerMsgTokenDelta
+				msg.TokenDelta = decodeVarintField(val, 1)
+				log.Debugf("decodeInteractionUpdate: TokenDeltaUpdate tokens=%d", msg.TokenDelta)
+			case 13:
+				// heartbeat from server
+				msg.Type = ServerMsgHeartbeat
+			case 14:
+				// turn_ended - critical: model finished generating
+				msg.Type = ServerMsgTurnEnded
+				log.Debugf("decodeInteractionUpdate: TurnEndedUpdate - stream should end")
+			case 16:
+				// step_started - ignore
+				log.Debugf("decodeInteractionUpdate: StepStartedUpdate (ignored)")
+			case 17:
+				// step_completed - ignore
+				log.Debugf("decodeInteractionUpdate: StepCompletedUpdate (ignored)")
+			default:
+				log.Debugf("decodeInteractionUpdate: unknown field %d", num)
+			}
+		} else {
+			n := protowire.ConsumeFieldValue(num, typ, data)
+			if n < 0 {
+				return
+			}
+			data = data[n:]
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+func decodeKvServerMessage(data []byte, msg *DecodedServerMessage) {
+	for len(data) > 0 {
+		num, typ, n := protowire.ConsumeTag(data)
+		if n < 0 {
+			return
+		}
+		data = data[n:]
+
+		switch typ {
+		case protowire.VarintType:
+			val, n := protowire.ConsumeVarint(data)
+			if n < 0 {
+				return
+			}
+			data = data[n:]
+			if num == KSM_Id {
+				msg.KvId = uint32(val)
+			}
+
+		case protowire.BytesType:
+			val, n := protowire.ConsumeBytes(data)
+			if n < 0 {
+				return
+			}
+			data = data[n:]
+
+			switch num {
+			case KSM_GetBlobArgs:
+				msg.Type = ServerMsgKvGetBlob
+				msg.BlobId = decodeBytesField(val, GBA_BlobId)
+			case KSM_SetBlobArgs:
+				msg.Type = ServerMsgKvSetBlob
+				decodeSetBlobArgs(val, msg)
+			}
+
+		default:
+			n := protowire.ConsumeFieldValue(num, typ, data)
+			if n < 0 {
+				return
+			}
+			data = data[n:]
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+func decodeSetBlobArgs(data []byte, msg *DecodedServerMessage) {
+	for len(data) > 0 {
+		num, typ, n := protowire.ConsumeTag(data)
+		if n < 0 {
+			return
+		}
+		data = data[n:]
+
+		if typ == protowire.BytesType {
+			val, n := protowire.ConsumeBytes(data)
+			if n < 0 {
+				return
+			}
+			data = data[n:]
+			switch num {
+			case SBA_BlobId:
+				msg.BlobId = val
+			case SBA_BlobData:
+				msg.BlobData = val
+			}
+		} else {
+			n := protowire.ConsumeFieldValue(num, typ, data)
+			if n < 0 {
+				return
+			}
+			data = data[n:]
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+func decodeExecServerMessage(data []byte, msg *DecodedServerMessage) {
+	for len(data) > 0 {
+		num, typ, n := protowire.ConsumeTag(data)
+		if n < 0 {
+			return
+		}
+		data = data[n:]
+
+		switch typ {
+		case protowire.VarintType:
+			val, n := protowire.ConsumeVarint(data)
+			if n < 0 {
+				return
+			}
+			data = data[n:]
+			if num == ESM_Id {
+				msg.ExecMsgId = uint32(val)
+				log.Debugf("decodeExecServerMessage: ESM_Id = %d", val)
+			}
+
+		case protowire.BytesType:
+			val, n := protowire.ConsumeBytes(data)
+			if n < 0 {
+				return
+			}
+			data = data[n:]
+
+			// Debug: log all fields found in ExecServerMessage
+			log.Debugf("decodeExecServerMessage: found field %d, len=%d, first 20 bytes: %x", num, len(val), val[:min(20, len(val))])
+
+			switch num {
+			case ESM_ExecId:
+				msg.ExecId = string(val)
+				log.Debugf("decodeExecServerMessage: ESM_ExecId = %q", msg.ExecId)
+			case ESM_RequestContextArgs:
+				msg.Type = ServerMsgExecRequestCtx
+			case ESM_McpArgs:
+				msg.Type = ServerMsgExecMcpArgs
+				decodeMcpArgs(val, msg)
+			case ESM_ShellArgs:
+				msg.Type = ServerMsgExecShellArgs
+				decodeShellArgs(val, msg)
+			case ESM_ShellStreamArgs:
+				msg.Type = ServerMsgExecShellStream
+				decodeShellArgs(val, msg)
+			case ESM_ReadArgs:
+				msg.Type = ServerMsgExecReadArgs
+				msg.Path = decodeStringField(val, RA_Path)
+			case ESM_WriteArgs:
+				msg.Type = ServerMsgExecWriteArgs
+				msg.Path = decodeStringField(val, WA_Path)
+			case ESM_DeleteArgs:
+				msg.Type = ServerMsgExecDeleteArgs
+				msg.Path = decodeStringField(val, DA_Path)
+			case ESM_LsArgs:
+				msg.Type = ServerMsgExecLsArgs
+				msg.Path = decodeStringField(val, LA_Path)
+			case ESM_GrepArgs:
+				msg.Type = ServerMsgExecGrepArgs
+			case ESM_FetchArgs:
+				msg.Type = ServerMsgExecFetchArgs
+				msg.Url = decodeStringField(val, FA_Url)
+			case ESM_DiagnosticsArgs:
+				msg.Type = ServerMsgExecDiagnostics
+			case ESM_BackgroundShellSpawn:
+				msg.Type = ServerMsgExecBgShellSpawn
+				decodeShellArgs(val, msg) // same structure
+			case ESM_WriteShellStdinArgs:
+				msg.Type = ServerMsgExecWriteShellStdin
+			default:
+				// Unknown exec types - only set if we haven't identified the type yet
+				// (other fields like span_context (19) come after the exec type field)
+				if msg.Type == ServerMsgUnknown {
+					msg.Type = ServerMsgExecOther
+					msg.ExecFieldNumber = int(num)
+				}
+			}
+
+		default:
+			n := protowire.ConsumeFieldValue(num, typ, data)
+			if n < 0 {
+				return
+			}
+			data = data[n:]
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+func decodeMcpArgs(data []byte, msg *DecodedServerMessage) {
+	msg.McpArgs = make(map[string][]byte)
+	for len(data) > 0 {
+		num, typ, n := protowire.ConsumeTag(data)
+		if n < 0 {
+			return
+		}
+		data = data[n:]
+
+		if typ == protowire.BytesType {
+			val, n := protowire.ConsumeBytes(data)
+			if n < 0 {
+				return
+			}
+			data = data[n:]
+
+			switch num {
+			case MCA_Name:
+				msg.McpToolName = string(val)
+			case MCA_Args:
+				// Map entries are encoded as submessages with key=1, value=2
+				decodeMapEntry(val, msg.McpArgs)
+			case MCA_ToolCallId:
+				msg.McpToolCallId = string(val)
+			case MCA_ToolName:
+				// ToolName takes precedence if present
+				if msg.McpToolName == "" || string(val) != "" {
+					msg.McpToolName = string(val)
+				}
+			}
+		} else {
+			n := protowire.ConsumeFieldValue(num, typ, data)
+			if n < 0 {
+				return
+			}
+			data = data[n:]
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+func decodeMapEntry(data []byte, m map[string][]byte) {
+	var key string
+	var value []byte
+	for len(data) > 0 {
+		num, typ, n := protowire.ConsumeTag(data)
+		if n < 0 {
+			return
+		}
+		data = data[n:]
+
+		if typ == protowire.BytesType {
+			val, n := protowire.ConsumeBytes(data)
+			if n < 0 {
+				return
+			}
+			data = data[n:]
+			if num == 1 {
+				key = string(val)
+			} else if num == 2 {
+				value = append([]byte(nil), val...)
+			}
+		} else {
+			n := protowire.ConsumeFieldValue(num, typ, data)
+			if n < 0 {
+				return
+			}
+			data = data[n:]
+		}
+	}
+	if key != "" {
+		m[key] = value
+	}
+}
+
+func decodeShellArgs(data []byte, msg *DecodedServerMessage) {
+	for len(data) > 0 {
+		num, typ, n := protowire.ConsumeTag(data)
+		if n < 0 {
+			return
+		}
+		data = data[n:]
+
+		if typ == protowire.BytesType {
+			val, n := protowire.ConsumeBytes(data)
+			if n < 0 {
+				return
+			}
+			data = data[n:]
+			switch num {
+			case SHA_Command:
+				msg.Command = string(val)
+			case SHA_WorkingDirectory:
+				msg.WorkingDirectory = string(val)
+			}
+		} else {
+			n := protowire.ConsumeFieldValue(num, typ, data)
+			if n < 0 {
+				return
+			}
+			data = data[n:]
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+// --- Helper decoders ---
+
+// decodeStringField extracts a string from the first matching field in a submessage.
+func decodeStringField(data []byte, targetField protowire.Number) string {
+	for len(data) > 0 {
+		num, typ, n := protowire.ConsumeTag(data)
+		if n < 0 {
+			return ""
+		}
+		data = data[n:]
+
+		if typ == protowire.BytesType {
+			val, n := protowire.ConsumeBytes(data)
+			if n < 0 {
+				return ""
+			}
+			data = data[n:]
+			if num == targetField {
+				return string(val)
+			}
+		} else {
+			n := protowire.ConsumeFieldValue(num, typ, data)
+			if n < 0 {
+				return ""
+			}
+			data = data[n:]
+		}
+	}
+	return ""
+}
+
+// decodeBytesField extracts bytes from the first matching field in a submessage.
+func decodeBytesField(data []byte, targetField protowire.Number) []byte {
+	for len(data) > 0 {
+		num, typ, n := protowire.ConsumeTag(data)
+		if n < 0 {
+			return nil
+		}
+		data = data[n:]
+
+		if typ == protowire.BytesType {
+			val, n := protowire.ConsumeBytes(data)
+			if n < 0 {
+				return nil
+			}
+			data = data[n:]
+			if num == targetField {
+				return append([]byte(nil), val...)
+			}
+		} else {
+			n := protowire.ConsumeFieldValue(num, typ, data)
+			if n < 0 {
+				return nil
+			}
+			data = data[n:]
+		}
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+// decodeVarintField extracts an int64 from the first matching varint field in a submessage.
+func decodeVarintField(data []byte, targetField protowire.Number) int64 {
+	for len(data) > 0 {
+		num, typ, n := protowire.ConsumeTag(data)
+		if n < 0 {
+			return 0
+		}
+		data = data[n:]
+		if typ == protowire.VarintType {
+			val, n := protowire.ConsumeVarint(data)
+			if n < 0 {
+				return 0
+			}
+			data = data[n:]
+			if num == targetField {
+				return int64(val)
+			}
+		} else {
+			n := protowire.ConsumeFieldValue(num, typ, data)
+			if n < 0 {
+				return 0
+			}
+			data = data[n:]
+		}
+	}
+	return 0
+}
+
+// BlobIdHex returns the hex string of a blob ID for use as a map key.
+func BlobIdHex(blobId []byte) string {
+	return hex.EncodeToString(blobId)
+}
+

internal/auth/cursor/proto/encode.go

@@ -0,0 +1,664 @@
+// Package proto provides protobuf encoding for Cursor's gRPC API,
+// using dynamicpb with the embedded FileDescriptorProto from agent.proto.
+// This mirrors the cursor-auth TS plugin's use of @bufbuild/protobuf create()+toBinary().
+package proto
+
+import (
+	"crypto/sha256"
+	"encoding/hex"
+	"encoding/json"
+	"fmt"
+
+	log "github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
+	"google.golang.org/protobuf/encoding/protowire"
+	"google.golang.org/protobuf/proto"
+	"google.golang.org/protobuf/reflect/protoreflect"
+	"google.golang.org/protobuf/types/dynamicpb"
+	"google.golang.org/protobuf/types/known/structpb"
+)
+
+// --- Public types ---
+
+// RunRequestParams holds all data needed to build an AgentRunRequest.
+type RunRequestParams struct {
+	ModelId        string
+	SystemPrompt   string
+	UserText       string
+	MessageId      string
+	ConversationId string
+	Images         []ImageData
+	Turns          []TurnData
+	McpTools       []McpToolDef
+	BlobStore      map[string][]byte // hex(sha256) -> data, populated during encoding
+	RawCheckpoint  []byte            // if non-nil, use as conversation_state directly (from server checkpoint)
+}
+
+type ImageData struct {
+	MimeType string
+	Data     []byte
+}
+
+type TurnData struct {
+	UserText      string
+	AssistantText string
+}
+
+type McpToolDef struct {
+	Name        string
+	Description string
+	InputSchema json.RawMessage
+}
+
+// --- Helper: create a dynamic message and set fields ---
+
+func newMsg(name string) *dynamicpb.Message {
+	return dynamicpb.NewMessage(Msg(name))
+}
+
+func field(msg *dynamicpb.Message, name string) protoreflect.FieldDescriptor {
+	return msg.Descriptor().Fields().ByName(protoreflect.Name(name))
+}
+
+func setStr(msg *dynamicpb.Message, name, val string) {
+	if val != "" {
+		msg.Set(field(msg, name), protoreflect.ValueOfString(val))
+	}
+}
+
+func setBytes(msg *dynamicpb.Message, name string, val []byte) {
+	if len(val) > 0 {
+		msg.Set(field(msg, name), protoreflect.ValueOfBytes(val))
+	}
+}
+
+func setUint32(msg *dynamicpb.Message, name string, val uint32) {
+	msg.Set(field(msg, name), protoreflect.ValueOfUint32(val))
+}
+
+func setBool(msg *dynamicpb.Message, name string, val bool) {
+	msg.Set(field(msg, name), protoreflect.ValueOfBool(val))
+}
+
+func setMsg(msg *dynamicpb.Message, name string, sub *dynamicpb.Message) {
+	msg.Set(field(msg, name), protoreflect.ValueOfMessage(sub.ProtoReflect()))
+}
+
+func marshal(msg *dynamicpb.Message) []byte {
+	b, err := proto.Marshal(msg)
+	if err != nil {
+		panic("cursor proto marshal: " + err.Error())
+	}
+	return b
+}
+
+// --- Encode functions mirroring cursor-fetch.ts ---
+
+// EncodeHeartbeat returns an encoded AgentClientMessage with clientHeartbeat.
+// Mirrors: create(AgentClientMessageSchema, { message: { case: 'clientHeartbeat', value: create(ClientHeartbeatSchema, {}) } })
+func EncodeHeartbeat() []byte {
+	hb := newMsg("ClientHeartbeat")
+	acm := newMsg("AgentClientMessage")
+	setMsg(acm, "client_heartbeat", hb)
+	return marshal(acm)
+}
+
+// EncodeRunRequest builds a full AgentClientMessage wrapping an AgentRunRequest.
+// Mirrors buildCursorRequest() in cursor-fetch.ts.
+// If p.RawCheckpoint is set, it is used directly as the conversation_state bytes
+// (from a previous conversation_checkpoint_update), skipping manual turn construction.
+func EncodeRunRequest(p *RunRequestParams) []byte {
+	if p.RawCheckpoint != nil {
+		return encodeRunRequestWithCheckpoint(p)
+	}
+
+	if p.BlobStore == nil {
+		p.BlobStore = make(map[string][]byte)
+	}
+
+	// --- Conversation turns ---
+	// Each turn is serialized as bytes (ConversationTurnStructure → bytes)
+	var turnBytes [][]byte
+	for _, turn := range p.Turns {
+		// UserMessage for this turn
+		um := newMsg("UserMessage")
+		setStr(um, "text", turn.UserText)
+		setStr(um, "message_id", generateId())
+		umBytes := marshal(um)
+
+		// Steps (assistant response)
+		var stepBytes [][]byte
+		if turn.AssistantText != "" {
+			am := newMsg("AssistantMessage")
+			setStr(am, "text", turn.AssistantText)
+			step := newMsg("ConversationStep")
+			setMsg(step, "assistant_message", am)
+			stepBytes = append(stepBytes, marshal(step))
+		}
+
+		// AgentConversationTurnStructure (fields are bytes, not submessages)
+		agentTurn := newMsg("AgentConversationTurnStructure")
+		setBytes(agentTurn, "user_message", umBytes)
+		for _, sb := range stepBytes {
+			stepsField := field(agentTurn, "steps")
+			list := agentTurn.Mutable(stepsField).List()
+			list.Append(protoreflect.ValueOfBytes(sb))
+		}
+
+		// ConversationTurnStructure (oneof turn → agentConversationTurn)
+		cts := newMsg("ConversationTurnStructure")
+		setMsg(cts, "agent_conversation_turn", agentTurn)
+		turnBytes = append(turnBytes, marshal(cts))
+	}
+
+	// --- System prompt blob ---
+	systemJSON, _ := json.Marshal(map[string]string{"role": "system", "content": p.SystemPrompt})
+	blobId := sha256Sum(systemJSON)
+	p.BlobStore[hex.EncodeToString(blobId)] = systemJSON
+
+	// --- ConversationStateStructure ---
+	css := newMsg("ConversationStateStructure")
+	// rootPromptMessagesJson: repeated bytes
+	rootField := field(css, "root_prompt_messages_json")
+	rootList := css.Mutable(rootField).List()
+	rootList.Append(protoreflect.ValueOfBytes(blobId))
+	// turns: repeated bytes (field 8) + turns_old (field 2) for compatibility
+	turnsField := field(css, "turns")
+	turnsList := css.Mutable(turnsField).List()
+	for _, tb := range turnBytes {
+		turnsList.Append(protoreflect.ValueOfBytes(tb))
+	}
+	turnsOldField := field(css, "turns_old")
+	if turnsOldField != nil {
+		turnsOldList := css.Mutable(turnsOldField).List()
+		for _, tb := range turnBytes {
+			turnsOldList.Append(protoreflect.ValueOfBytes(tb))
+		}
+	}
+
+	// --- UserMessage (current) ---
+	userMessage := newMsg("UserMessage")
+	setStr(userMessage, "text", p.UserText)
+	setStr(userMessage, "message_id", p.MessageId)
+
+	// Images via SelectedContext
+	if len(p.Images) > 0 {
+		sc := newMsg("SelectedContext")
+		imgsField := field(sc, "selected_images")
+		imgsList := sc.Mutable(imgsField).List()
+		for _, img := range p.Images {
+			si := newMsg("SelectedImage")
+			setStr(si, "uuid", generateId())
+			setStr(si, "mime_type", img.MimeType)
+			setBytes(si, "data", img.Data)
+			imgsList.Append(protoreflect.ValueOfMessage(si.ProtoReflect()))
+		}
+		setMsg(userMessage, "selected_context", sc)
+	}
+
+	// --- UserMessageAction ---
+	uma := newMsg("UserMessageAction")
+	setMsg(uma, "user_message", userMessage)
+
+	// --- ConversationAction ---
+	ca := newMsg("ConversationAction")
+	setMsg(ca, "user_message_action", uma)
+
+	// --- ModelDetails ---
+	md := newMsg("ModelDetails")
+	setStr(md, "model_id", p.ModelId)
+	setStr(md, "display_model_id", p.ModelId)
+	setStr(md, "display_name", p.ModelId)
+
+	// --- AgentRunRequest ---
+	arr := newMsg("AgentRunRequest")
+	setMsg(arr, "conversation_state", css)
+	setMsg(arr, "action", ca)
+	setMsg(arr, "model_details", md)
+	setStr(arr, "conversation_id", p.ConversationId)
+
+	// McpTools
+	if len(p.McpTools) > 0 {
+		mcpTools := newMsg("McpTools")
+		toolsField := field(mcpTools, "mcp_tools")
+		toolsList := mcpTools.Mutable(toolsField).List()
+		for _, tool := range p.McpTools {
+			td := newMsg("McpToolDefinition")
+			setStr(td, "name", tool.Name)
+			setStr(td, "description", tool.Description)
+			if len(tool.InputSchema) > 0 {
+				setBytes(td, "input_schema", jsonToProtobufValueBytes(tool.InputSchema))
+			}
+			setStr(td, "provider_identifier", "proxy")
+			setStr(td, "tool_name", tool.Name)
+			toolsList.Append(protoreflect.ValueOfMessage(td.ProtoReflect()))
+		}
+		setMsg(arr, "mcp_tools", mcpTools)
+	}
+
+	// --- AgentClientMessage ---
+	acm := newMsg("AgentClientMessage")
+	setMsg(acm, "run_request", arr)
+
+	return marshal(acm)
+}
+
+// encodeRunRequestWithCheckpoint builds an AgentClientMessage using a raw checkpoint
+// as conversation_state. The checkpoint bytes are embedded directly without deserialization.
+func encodeRunRequestWithCheckpoint(p *RunRequestParams) []byte {
+	// Build UserMessage
+	userMessage := newMsg("UserMessage")
+	setStr(userMessage, "text", p.UserText)
+	setStr(userMessage, "message_id", p.MessageId)
+	if len(p.Images) > 0 {
+		sc := newMsg("SelectedContext")
+		imgsField := field(sc, "selected_images")
+		imgsList := sc.Mutable(imgsField).List()
+		for _, img := range p.Images {
+			si := newMsg("SelectedImage")
+			setStr(si, "uuid", generateId())
+			setStr(si, "mime_type", img.MimeType)
+			setBytes(si, "data", img.Data)
+			imgsList.Append(protoreflect.ValueOfMessage(si.ProtoReflect()))
+		}
+		setMsg(userMessage, "selected_context", sc)
+	}
+
+	// Build ConversationAction with UserMessageAction
+	uma := newMsg("UserMessageAction")
+	setMsg(uma, "user_message", userMessage)
+	ca := newMsg("ConversationAction")
+	setMsg(ca, "user_message_action", uma)
+	caBytes := marshal(ca)
+
+	// Build ModelDetails
+	md := newMsg("ModelDetails")
+	setStr(md, "model_id", p.ModelId)
+	setStr(md, "display_model_id", p.ModelId)
+	setStr(md, "display_name", p.ModelId)
+	mdBytes := marshal(md)
+
+	// Build McpTools
+	var mcpToolsBytes []byte
+	if len(p.McpTools) > 0 {
+		mcpTools := newMsg("McpTools")
+		toolsField := field(mcpTools, "mcp_tools")
+		toolsList := mcpTools.Mutable(toolsField).List()
+		for _, tool := range p.McpTools {
+			td := newMsg("McpToolDefinition")
+			setStr(td, "name", tool.Name)
+			setStr(td, "description", tool.Description)
+			if len(tool.InputSchema) > 0 {
+				setBytes(td, "input_schema", jsonToProtobufValueBytes(tool.InputSchema))
+			}
+			setStr(td, "provider_identifier", "proxy")
+			setStr(td, "tool_name", tool.Name)
+			toolsList.Append(protoreflect.ValueOfMessage(td.ProtoReflect()))
+		}
+		mcpToolsBytes = marshal(mcpTools)
+	}
+
+	// Manually assemble AgentRunRequest using protowire to embed raw checkpoint
+	var arrBuf []byte
+	// field 1: conversation_state = raw checkpoint bytes (length-delimited)
+	arrBuf = protowire.AppendTag(arrBuf, ARR_ConversationState, protowire.BytesType)
+	arrBuf = protowire.AppendBytes(arrBuf, p.RawCheckpoint)
+	// field 2: action = ConversationAction
+	arrBuf = protowire.AppendTag(arrBuf, ARR_Action, protowire.BytesType)
+	arrBuf = protowire.AppendBytes(arrBuf, caBytes)
+	// field 3: model_details = ModelDetails
+	arrBuf = protowire.AppendTag(arrBuf, ARR_ModelDetails, protowire.BytesType)
+	arrBuf = protowire.AppendBytes(arrBuf, mdBytes)
+	// field 4: mcp_tools = McpTools
+	if len(mcpToolsBytes) > 0 {
+		arrBuf = protowire.AppendTag(arrBuf, ARR_McpTools, protowire.BytesType)
+		arrBuf = protowire.AppendBytes(arrBuf, mcpToolsBytes)
+	}
+	// field 5: conversation_id = string
+	if p.ConversationId != "" {
+		arrBuf = protowire.AppendTag(arrBuf, ARR_ConversationId, protowire.BytesType)
+		arrBuf = protowire.AppendString(arrBuf, p.ConversationId)
+	}
+
+	// Wrap in AgentClientMessage field 1 (run_request)
+	var acmBuf []byte
+	acmBuf = protowire.AppendTag(acmBuf, ACM_RunRequest, protowire.BytesType)
+	acmBuf = protowire.AppendBytes(acmBuf, arrBuf)
+
+	log.Debugf("cursor encode: built RunRequest with checkpoint (%d bytes), total=%d bytes", len(p.RawCheckpoint), len(acmBuf))
+	return acmBuf
+}
+
+// ResumeRequestParams holds data for a ResumeAction request.
+type ResumeRequestParams struct {
+	ModelId        string
+	ConversationId string
+	McpTools       []McpToolDef
+}
+
+// EncodeResumeRequest builds an AgentClientMessage with ResumeAction.
+// Used to resume a conversation by conversation_id without re-sending full history.
+func EncodeResumeRequest(p *ResumeRequestParams) []byte {
+	// RequestContext with tools
+	rc := newMsg("RequestContext")
+	if len(p.McpTools) > 0 {
+		toolsField := field(rc, "tools")
+		toolsList := rc.Mutable(toolsField).List()
+		for _, tool := range p.McpTools {
+			td := newMsg("McpToolDefinition")
+			setStr(td, "name", tool.Name)
+			setStr(td, "description", tool.Description)
+			if len(tool.InputSchema) > 0 {
+				setBytes(td, "input_schema", jsonToProtobufValueBytes(tool.InputSchema))
+			}
+			setStr(td, "provider_identifier", "proxy")
+			setStr(td, "tool_name", tool.Name)
+			toolsList.Append(protoreflect.ValueOfMessage(td.ProtoReflect()))
+		}
+	}
+
+	// ResumeAction
+	ra := newMsg("ResumeAction")
+	setMsg(ra, "request_context", rc)
+
+	// ConversationAction with resume_action
+	ca := newMsg("ConversationAction")
+	setMsg(ca, "resume_action", ra)
+
+	// ModelDetails
+	md := newMsg("ModelDetails")
+	setStr(md, "model_id", p.ModelId)
+	setStr(md, "display_model_id", p.ModelId)
+	setStr(md, "display_name", p.ModelId)
+
+	// AgentRunRequest — no conversation_state needed for resume
+	arr := newMsg("AgentRunRequest")
+	setMsg(arr, "action", ca)
+	setMsg(arr, "model_details", md)
+	setStr(arr, "conversation_id", p.ConversationId)
+
+	// McpTools at top level
+	if len(p.McpTools) > 0 {
+		mcpTools := newMsg("McpTools")
+		toolsField := field(mcpTools, "mcp_tools")
+		toolsList := mcpTools.Mutable(toolsField).List()
+		for _, tool := range p.McpTools {
+			td := newMsg("McpToolDefinition")
+			setStr(td, "name", tool.Name)
+			setStr(td, "description", tool.Description)
+			if len(tool.InputSchema) > 0 {
+				setBytes(td, "input_schema", jsonToProtobufValueBytes(tool.InputSchema))
+			}
+			setStr(td, "provider_identifier", "proxy")
+			setStr(td, "tool_name", tool.Name)
+			toolsList.Append(protoreflect.ValueOfMessage(td.ProtoReflect()))
+		}
+		setMsg(arr, "mcp_tools", mcpTools)
+	}
+
+	acm := newMsg("AgentClientMessage")
+	setMsg(acm, "run_request", arr)
+	return marshal(acm)
+}
+
+// --- KV response encoders ---
+// Mirrors handleKvMessage() in cursor-fetch.ts
+
+// EncodeKvGetBlobResult responds to a getBlobArgs request.
+func EncodeKvGetBlobResult(kvId uint32, blobData []byte) []byte {
+	result := newMsg("GetBlobResult")
+	if blobData != nil {
+		setBytes(result, "blob_data", blobData)
+	}
+
+	kvc := newMsg("KvClientMessage")
+	setUint32(kvc, "id", kvId)
+	setMsg(kvc, "get_blob_result", result)
+
+	acm := newMsg("AgentClientMessage")
+	setMsg(acm, "kv_client_message", kvc)
+	return marshal(acm)
+}
+
+// EncodeKvSetBlobResult responds to a setBlobArgs request.
+func EncodeKvSetBlobResult(kvId uint32) []byte {
+	result := newMsg("SetBlobResult")
+
+	kvc := newMsg("KvClientMessage")
+	setUint32(kvc, "id", kvId)
+	setMsg(kvc, "set_blob_result", result)
+
+	acm := newMsg("AgentClientMessage")
+	setMsg(acm, "kv_client_message", kvc)
+	return marshal(acm)
+}
+
+// --- Exec response encoders ---
+// Mirrors handleExecMessage() and sendExec() in cursor-fetch.ts
+
+// EncodeExecRequestContextResult responds to requestContextArgs with tool definitions.
+func EncodeExecRequestContextResult(execMsgId uint32, execId string, tools []McpToolDef) []byte {
+	// RequestContext with tools
+	rc := newMsg("RequestContext")
+	if len(tools) > 0 {
+		toolsField := field(rc, "tools")
+		toolsList := rc.Mutable(toolsField).List()
+		for _, tool := range tools {
+			td := newMsg("McpToolDefinition")
+			setStr(td, "name", tool.Name)
+			setStr(td, "description", tool.Description)
+			if len(tool.InputSchema) > 0 {
+				setBytes(td, "input_schema", jsonToProtobufValueBytes(tool.InputSchema))
+			}
+			setStr(td, "provider_identifier", "proxy")
+			setStr(td, "tool_name", tool.Name)
+			toolsList.Append(protoreflect.ValueOfMessage(td.ProtoReflect()))
+		}
+	}
+
+	// RequestContextSuccess
+	rcs := newMsg("RequestContextSuccess")
+	setMsg(rcs, "request_context", rc)
+
+	// RequestContextResult (oneof success)
+	rcr := newMsg("RequestContextResult")
+	setMsg(rcr, "success", rcs)
+
+	return encodeExecClientMsg(execMsgId, execId, "request_context_result", rcr)
+}
+
+// EncodeExecMcpResult responds with MCP tool result.
+func EncodeExecMcpResult(execMsgId uint32, execId string, content string, isError bool) []byte {
+	textContent := newMsg("McpTextContent")
+	setStr(textContent, "text", content)
+
+	contentItem := newMsg("McpToolResultContentItem")
+	setMsg(contentItem, "text", textContent)
+
+	success := newMsg("McpSuccess")
+	contentField := field(success, "content")
+	contentList := success.Mutable(contentField).List()
+	contentList.Append(protoreflect.ValueOfMessage(contentItem.ProtoReflect()))
+	setBool(success, "is_error", isError)
+
+	result := newMsg("McpResult")
+	setMsg(result, "success", success)
+
+	return encodeExecClientMsg(execMsgId, execId, "mcp_result", result)
+}
+
+// EncodeExecMcpError responds with MCP error.
+func EncodeExecMcpError(execMsgId uint32, execId string, errMsg string) []byte {
+	mcpErr := newMsg("McpError")
+	setStr(mcpErr, "error", errMsg)
+
+	result := newMsg("McpResult")
+	setMsg(result, "error", mcpErr)
+
+	return encodeExecClientMsg(execMsgId, execId, "mcp_result", result)
+}
+
+// --- Rejection encoders (mirror handleExecMessage rejections) ---
+
+func EncodeExecReadRejected(execMsgId uint32, execId string, path, reason string) []byte {
+	rej := newMsg("ReadRejected")
+	setStr(rej, "path", path)
+	setStr(rej, "reason", reason)
+	result := newMsg("ReadResult")
+	setMsg(result, "rejected", rej)
+	return encodeExecClientMsg(execMsgId, execId, "read_result", result)
+}
+
+func EncodeExecShellRejected(execMsgId uint32, execId string, command, workDir, reason string) []byte {
+	rej := newMsg("ShellRejected")
+	setStr(rej, "command", command)
+	setStr(rej, "working_directory", workDir)
+	setStr(rej, "reason", reason)
+	result := newMsg("ShellResult")
+	setMsg(result, "rejected", rej)
+	return encodeExecClientMsg(execMsgId, execId, "shell_result", result)
+}
+
+func EncodeExecWriteRejected(execMsgId uint32, execId string, path, reason string) []byte {
+	rej := newMsg("WriteRejected")
+	setStr(rej, "path", path)
+	setStr(rej, "reason", reason)
+	result := newMsg("WriteResult")
+	setMsg(result, "rejected", rej)
+	return encodeExecClientMsg(execMsgId, execId, "write_result", result)
+}
+
+func EncodeExecDeleteRejected(execMsgId uint32, execId string, path, reason string) []byte {
+	rej := newMsg("DeleteRejected")
+	setStr(rej, "path", path)
+	setStr(rej, "reason", reason)
+	result := newMsg("DeleteResult")
+	setMsg(result, "rejected", rej)
+	return encodeExecClientMsg(execMsgId, execId, "delete_result", result)
+}
+
+func EncodeExecLsRejected(execMsgId uint32, execId string, path, reason string) []byte {
+	rej := newMsg("LsRejected")
+	setStr(rej, "path", path)
+	setStr(rej, "reason", reason)
+	result := newMsg("LsResult")
+	setMsg(result, "rejected", rej)
+	return encodeExecClientMsg(execMsgId, execId, "ls_result", result)
+}
+
+func EncodeExecGrepError(execMsgId uint32, execId string, errMsg string) []byte {
+	grepErr := newMsg("GrepError")
+	setStr(grepErr, "error", errMsg)
+	result := newMsg("GrepResult")
+	setMsg(result, "error", grepErr)
+	return encodeExecClientMsg(execMsgId, execId, "grep_result", result)
+}
+
+func EncodeExecFetchError(execMsgId uint32, execId string, url, errMsg string) []byte {
+	fetchErr := newMsg("FetchError")
+	setStr(fetchErr, "url", url)
+	setStr(fetchErr, "error", errMsg)
+	result := newMsg("FetchResult")
+	setMsg(result, "error", fetchErr)
+	return encodeExecClientMsg(execMsgId, execId, "fetch_result", result)
+}
+
+func EncodeExecDiagnosticsResult(execMsgId uint32, execId string) []byte {
+	result := newMsg("DiagnosticsResult")
+	return encodeExecClientMsg(execMsgId, execId, "diagnostics_result", result)
+}
+
+func EncodeExecBackgroundShellSpawnRejected(execMsgId uint32, execId string, command, workDir, reason string) []byte {
+	rej := newMsg("ShellRejected")
+	setStr(rej, "command", command)
+	setStr(rej, "working_directory", workDir)
+	setStr(rej, "reason", reason)
+	result := newMsg("BackgroundShellSpawnResult")
+	setMsg(result, "rejected", rej)
+	return encodeExecClientMsg(execMsgId, execId, "background_shell_spawn_result", result)
+}
+
+func EncodeExecWriteShellStdinError(execMsgId uint32, execId string, errMsg string) []byte {
+	wsErr := newMsg("WriteShellStdinError")
+	setStr(wsErr, "error", errMsg)
+	result := newMsg("WriteShellStdinResult")
+	setMsg(result, "error", wsErr)
+	return encodeExecClientMsg(execMsgId, execId, "write_shell_stdin_result", result)
+}
+
+// encodeExecClientMsg wraps an exec result in AgentClientMessage.
+// Mirrors sendExec() in cursor-fetch.ts.
+func encodeExecClientMsg(id uint32, execId string, resultFieldName string, resultMsg *dynamicpb.Message) []byte {
+	ecm := newMsg("ExecClientMessage")
+	setUint32(ecm, "id", id)
+	// Force set exec_id even if empty - Cursor requires this field to be set
+	ecm.Set(field(ecm, "exec_id"), protoreflect.ValueOfString(execId))
+
+	// Debug: check if field exists
+	fd := field(ecm, resultFieldName)
+	if fd == nil {
+		panic(fmt.Sprintf("field %q NOT FOUND in ExecClientMessage! Available fields: %v", resultFieldName, listFields(ecm)))
+	}
+
+	// Debug: log the actual field being set
+	log.Debugf("encodeExecClientMsg: setting field %q (number=%d, kind=%s)", fd.Name(), fd.Number(), fd.Kind())
+
+	ecm.Set(fd, protoreflect.ValueOfMessage(resultMsg.ProtoReflect()))
+
+	acm := newMsg("AgentClientMessage")
+	setMsg(acm, "exec_client_message", ecm)
+	return marshal(acm)
+}
+
+func listFields(msg *dynamicpb.Message) []string {
+	var names []string
+	for i := 0; i < msg.Descriptor().Fields().Len(); i++ {
+		names = append(names, string(msg.Descriptor().Fields().Get(i).Name()))
+	}
+	return names
+}
+
+// --- Utilities ---
+
+// jsonToProtobufValueBytes converts a JSON schema (json.RawMessage) to protobuf Value binary.
+// This mirrors the TS pattern: toBinary(ValueSchema, fromJson(ValueSchema, jsonSchema))
+func jsonToProtobufValueBytes(jsonData json.RawMessage) []byte {
+	if len(jsonData) == 0 {
+		return nil
+	}
+	var v interface{}
+	if err := json.Unmarshal(jsonData, &v); err != nil {
+		return jsonData // fallback to raw JSON if parsing fails
+	}
+	pbVal, err := structpb.NewValue(v)
+	if err != nil {
+		return jsonData // fallback
+	}
+	b, err := proto.Marshal(pbVal)
+	if err != nil {
+		return jsonData // fallback
+	}
+	return b
+}
+
+// ProtobufValueBytesToJSON converts protobuf Value binary back to JSON.
+// This mirrors the TS pattern: toJson(ValueSchema, fromBinary(ValueSchema, value))
+func ProtobufValueBytesToJSON(data []byte) (interface{}, error) {
+	val := &structpb.Value{}
+	if err := proto.Unmarshal(data, val); err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	return val.AsInterface(), nil
+}
+
+func sha256Sum(data []byte) []byte {
+	h := sha256.Sum256(data)
+	return h[:]
+}
+
+var idCounter uint64
+
+func generateId() string {
+	idCounter++
+	h := sha256.Sum256([]byte{byte(idCounter), byte(idCounter >> 8), byte(idCounter >> 16)})
+	return hex.EncodeToString(h[:16])
+}

internal/auth/cursor/proto/fieldnumbers.go

@@ -0,0 +1,332 @@
+// Package proto provides hand-rolled protobuf encode/decode for Cursor's gRPC API.
+// Field numbers are extracted from the TypeScript generated proto/agent_pb.ts in alma-plugins/cursor-auth.
+package proto
+
+// AgentClientMessage (msg 118) oneof "message"
+const (
+	ACM_RunRequest              = 1 // AgentRunRequest
+	ACM_ExecClientMessage       = 2 // ExecClientMessage
+	ACM_KvClientMessage         = 3 // KvClientMessage
+	ACM_ConversationAction      = 4 // ConversationAction
+	ACM_ExecClientControlMsg    = 5 // ExecClientControlMessage
+	ACM_InteractionResponse     = 6 // InteractionResponse
+	ACM_ClientHeartbeat         = 7 // ClientHeartbeat
+)
+
+// AgentServerMessage (msg 119) oneof "message"
+const (
+	ASM_InteractionUpdate         = 1 // InteractionUpdate
+	ASM_ExecServerMessage         = 2 // ExecServerMessage
+	ASM_ConversationCheckpoint    = 3 // ConversationStateStructure
+	ASM_KvServerMessage           = 4 // KvServerMessage
+	ASM_ExecServerControlMessage  = 5 // ExecServerControlMessage
+	ASM_InteractionQuery          = 7 // InteractionQuery
+)
+
+// AgentRunRequest (msg 91)
+const (
+	ARR_ConversationState = 1 // ConversationStateStructure
+	ARR_Action            = 2 // ConversationAction
+	ARR_ModelDetails      = 3 // ModelDetails
+	ARR_McpTools          = 4 // McpTools
+	ARR_ConversationId    = 5 // string (optional)
+)
+
+// ConversationStateStructure (msg 83)
+const (
+	CSS_RootPromptMessagesJson = 1  // repeated bytes
+	CSS_TurnsOld               = 2  // repeated bytes (deprecated)
+	CSS_Todos                  = 3  // repeated bytes
+	CSS_PendingToolCalls       = 4  // repeated string
+	CSS_Turns                  = 8  // repeated bytes (CURRENT field for turns)
+	CSS_PreviousWorkspaceUris  = 9  // repeated string
+	CSS_SelfSummaryCount       = 17 // uint32
+	CSS_ReadPaths              = 18 // repeated string
+)
+
+// ConversationAction (msg 54) oneof "action"
+const (
+	CA_UserMessageAction = 1 // UserMessageAction
+)
+
+// UserMessageAction (msg 55)
+const (
+	UMA_UserMessage = 1 // UserMessage
+)
+
+// UserMessage (msg 63)
+const (
+	UM_Text            = 1 // string
+	UM_MessageId       = 2 // string
+	UM_SelectedContext = 3 // SelectedContext (optional)
+)
+
+// SelectedContext
+const (
+	SC_SelectedImages = 1 // repeated SelectedImage
+)
+
+// SelectedImage
+const (
+	SI_BlobId   = 1 // bytes (oneof dataOrBlobId)
+	SI_Uuid     = 2 // string
+	SI_Path     = 3 // string
+	SI_MimeType = 7 // string
+	SI_Data     = 8 // bytes (oneof dataOrBlobId)
+)
+
+// ModelDetails (msg 88)
+const (
+	MD_ModelId        = 1 // string
+	MD_ThinkingDetails = 2 // ThinkingDetails (optional)
+	MD_DisplayModelId = 3 // string
+	MD_DisplayName    = 4 // string
+)
+
+// McpTools (msg 307)
+const (
+	MT_McpTools = 1 // repeated McpToolDefinition
+)
+
+// McpToolDefinition (msg 306)
+const (
+	MTD_Name               = 1 // string
+	MTD_Description        = 2 // string
+	MTD_InputSchema        = 3 // bytes
+	MTD_ProviderIdentifier = 4 // string
+	MTD_ToolName           = 5 // string
+)
+
+// ConversationTurnStructure (msg 70) oneof "turn"
+const (
+	CTS_AgentConversationTurn = 1 // AgentConversationTurnStructure
+)
+
+// AgentConversationTurnStructure (msg 72)
+const (
+	ACTS_UserMessage = 1 // bytes (serialized UserMessage)
+	ACTS_Steps       = 2 // repeated bytes (serialized ConversationStep)
+)
+
+// ConversationStep (msg 53) oneof "message"
+const (
+	CS_AssistantMessage = 1 // AssistantMessage
+)
+
+// AssistantMessage
+const (
+	AM_Text = 1 // string
+)
+
+// --- Server-side message fields ---
+
+// InteractionUpdate oneof "message"
+const (
+	IU_TextDelta         = 1  // TextDeltaUpdate
+	IU_ThinkingDelta     = 4  // ThinkingDeltaUpdate
+	IU_ThinkingCompleted = 5  // ThinkingCompletedUpdate
+)
+
+// TextDeltaUpdate (msg 92)
+const (
+	TDU_Text = 1 // string
+)
+
+// ThinkingDeltaUpdate (msg 97)
+const (
+	TKD_Text = 1 // string
+)
+
+// KvServerMessage (msg 271)
+const (
+	KSM_Id          = 1 // uint32
+	KSM_GetBlobArgs = 2 // GetBlobArgs
+	KSM_SetBlobArgs = 3 // SetBlobArgs
+)
+
+// GetBlobArgs (msg 267)
+const (
+	GBA_BlobId = 1 // bytes
+)
+
+// SetBlobArgs (msg 269)
+const (
+	SBA_BlobId   = 1 // bytes
+	SBA_BlobData = 2 // bytes
+)
+
+// KvClientMessage (msg 272)
+const (
+	KCM_Id            = 1 // uint32
+	KCM_GetBlobResult = 2 // GetBlobResult
+	KCM_SetBlobResult = 3 // SetBlobResult
+)
+
+// GetBlobResult (msg 268)
+const (
+	GBR_BlobData = 1 // bytes (optional)
+)
+
+// ExecServerMessage
+const (
+	ESM_Id      = 1  // uint32
+	ESM_ExecId  = 15 // string
+	// oneof message:
+	ESM_ShellArgs              = 2  // ShellArgs
+	ESM_WriteArgs              = 3  // WriteArgs
+	ESM_DeleteArgs             = 4  // DeleteArgs
+	ESM_GrepArgs               = 5  // GrepArgs
+	ESM_ReadArgs               = 7  // ReadArgs (NOTE: 6 is skipped)
+	ESM_LsArgs                 = 8  // LsArgs
+	ESM_DiagnosticsArgs        = 9  // DiagnosticsArgs
+	ESM_RequestContextArgs     = 10 // RequestContextArgs
+	ESM_McpArgs                = 11 // McpArgs
+	ESM_ShellStreamArgs        = 14 // ShellArgs (stream variant)
+	ESM_BackgroundShellSpawn   = 16 // BackgroundShellSpawnArgs
+	ESM_FetchArgs              = 20 // FetchArgs
+	ESM_WriteShellStdinArgs    = 23 // WriteShellStdinArgs
+)
+
+// ExecClientMessage
+const (
+	ECM_Id     = 1  // uint32
+	ECM_ExecId = 15 // string
+	// oneof message (mirrors server fields):
+	ECM_ShellResult              = 2
+	ECM_WriteResult              = 3
+	ECM_DeleteResult             = 4
+	ECM_GrepResult               = 5
+	ECM_ReadResult               = 7
+	ECM_LsResult                 = 8
+	ECM_DiagnosticsResult        = 9
+	ECM_RequestContextResult     = 10
+	ECM_McpResult                = 11
+	ECM_ShellStream              = 14
+	ECM_BackgroundShellSpawnRes  = 16
+	ECM_FetchResult              = 20
+	ECM_WriteShellStdinResult    = 23
+)
+
+// McpArgs
+const (
+	MCA_Name               = 1 // string
+	MCA_Args               = 2 // map<string, bytes>
+	MCA_ToolCallId         = 3 // string
+	MCA_ProviderIdentifier = 4 // string
+	MCA_ToolName           = 5 // string
+)
+
+// RequestContextResult oneof "result"
+const (
+	RCR_Success = 1 // RequestContextSuccess
+	RCR_Error   = 2 // RequestContextError
+)
+
+// RequestContextSuccess (msg 337)
+const (
+	RCS_RequestContext = 1 // RequestContext
+)
+
+// RequestContext
+const (
+	RC_Rules = 2 // repeated CursorRule
+	RC_Tools = 7 // repeated McpToolDefinition
+)
+
+// McpResult oneof "result"
+const (
+	MCR_Success  = 1 // McpSuccess
+	MCR_Error    = 2 // McpError
+	MCR_Rejected = 3 // McpRejected
+)
+
+// McpSuccess (msg 290)
+const (
+	MCS_Content = 1 // repeated McpToolResultContentItem
+	MCS_IsError = 2 // bool
+)
+
+// McpToolResultContentItem oneof "content"
+const (
+	MTRCI_Text = 1 // McpTextContent
+)
+
+// McpTextContent (msg 287)
+const (
+	MTC_Text = 1 // string
+)
+
+// McpError (msg 291)
+const (
+	MCE_Error = 1 // string
+)
+
+// --- Rejection messages ---
+
+// ReadRejected: path=1, reason=2
+// ShellRejected: command=1, workingDirectory=2, reason=3, isReadonly=4
+// WriteRejected: path=1, reason=2
+// DeleteRejected: path=1, reason=2
+// LsRejected: path=1, reason=2
+// GrepError: error=1
+// FetchError: url=1, error=2
+// WriteShellStdinError: error=1
+
+// ReadResult oneof: success=1, error=2, rejected=3
+// ShellResult oneof: success=1 (+ various), rejected=?
+// The TS code uses specific result field numbers from the oneof:
+const (
+	RR_Rejected = 3 // ReadResult.rejected
+	SR_Rejected = 5 // ShellResult.rejected (from TS: ShellResult has success/various/rejected)
+	WR_Rejected = 5 // WriteResult.rejected
+	DR_Rejected = 3 // DeleteResult.rejected
+	LR_Rejected = 3 // LsResult.rejected
+	GR_Error    = 2 // GrepResult.error
+	FR_Error    = 2 // FetchResult.error
+	BSSR_Rejected = 2 // BackgroundShellSpawnResult.rejected (error field)
+	WSSR_Error    = 2 // WriteShellStdinResult.error
+)
+
+// --- Rejection struct fields ---
+const (
+	REJ_Path             = 1
+	REJ_Reason           = 2
+	SREJ_Command         = 1
+	SREJ_WorkingDir      = 2
+	SREJ_Reason          = 3
+	SREJ_IsReadonly      = 4
+	GERR_Error           = 1
+	FERR_Url             = 1
+	FERR_Error           = 2
+)
+
+// ReadArgs
+const (
+	RA_Path = 1 // string
+)
+
+// WriteArgs
+const (
+	WA_Path = 1 // string
+)
+
+// DeleteArgs
+const (
+	DA_Path = 1 // string
+)
+
+// LsArgs
+const (
+	LA_Path = 1 // string
+)
+
+// ShellArgs
+const (
+	SHA_Command          = 1 // string
+	SHA_WorkingDirectory = 2 // string
+)
+
+// FetchArgs
+const (
+	FA_Url = 1 // string
+)

internal/auth/cursor/proto/h2stream.go

@@ -0,0 +1,313 @@
+package proto
+
+import (
+	"crypto/tls"
+	"fmt"
+	"io"
+	"net"
+	"sync"
+	"time"
+
+	log "github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
+	"golang.org/x/net/http2"
+	"golang.org/x/net/http2/hpack"
+)
+
+const (
+	defaultInitialWindowSize = 65535 // HTTP/2 default
+	maxFramePayload          = 16384 // HTTP/2 default max frame size
+)
+
+// H2Stream provides bidirectional HTTP/2 streaming for the Connect protocol.
+// Go's net/http does not support full-duplex HTTP/2, so we use the low-level framer.
+type H2Stream struct {
+	framer   *http2.Framer
+	conn     net.Conn
+	streamID uint32
+	mu       sync.Mutex
+	id       string // unique identifier for debugging
+	frameNum int64  // sequential frame counter for debugging
+
+	dataCh chan []byte
+	doneCh chan struct{}
+	err    error
+
+	// Send-side flow control
+	sendWindow   int32      // available bytes we can send on this stream
+	connWindow   int32      // available bytes on the connection level
+	windowCond   *sync.Cond // signaled when window is updated
+	windowMu     sync.Mutex // protects sendWindow, connWindow
+}
+
+// ID returns the unique identifier for this stream (for logging).
+func (s *H2Stream) ID() string { return s.id }
+
+// FrameNum returns the current frame number for debugging.
+func (s *H2Stream) FrameNum() int64 {
+	s.mu.Lock()
+	defer s.mu.Unlock()
+	return s.frameNum
+}
+
+// DialH2Stream establishes a TLS+HTTP/2 connection and opens a new stream.
+func DialH2Stream(host string, headers map[string]string) (*H2Stream, error) {
+	tlsConn, err := tls.Dial("tcp", host+":443", &tls.Config{
+		NextProtos: []string{"h2"},
+	})
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("h2: TLS dial failed: %w", err)
+	}
+	if tlsConn.ConnectionState().NegotiatedProtocol != "h2" {
+		tlsConn.Close()
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("h2: server did not negotiate h2")
+	}
+
+	framer := http2.NewFramer(tlsConn, tlsConn)
+
+	// Client connection preface
+	if _, err := tlsConn.Write([]byte(http2.ClientPreface)); err != nil {
+		tlsConn.Close()
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("h2: preface write failed: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	// Send initial SETTINGS (tell server how much WE can receive)
+	if err := framer.WriteSettings(
+		http2.Setting{ID: http2.SettingInitialWindowSize, Val: 4 * 1024 * 1024},
+		http2.Setting{ID: http2.SettingMaxConcurrentStreams, Val: 100},
+	); err != nil {
+		tlsConn.Close()
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("h2: settings write failed: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	// Connection-level window update (for receiving)
+	if err := framer.WriteWindowUpdate(0, 3*1024*1024); err != nil {
+		tlsConn.Close()
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("h2: window update failed: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	// Read and handle initial server frames (SETTINGS, WINDOW_UPDATE)
+	// Track server's initial window size (how much WE can send)
+	serverInitialWindowSize := int32(defaultInitialWindowSize)
+	connWindowSize := int32(defaultInitialWindowSize) // connection-level send window
+	for i := 0; i < 10; i++ {
+		f, err := framer.ReadFrame()
+		if err != nil {
+			tlsConn.Close()
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("h2: initial frame read failed: %w", err)
+		}
+		switch sf := f.(type) {
+		case *http2.SettingsFrame:
+			if !sf.IsAck() {
+				sf.ForeachSetting(func(s http2.Setting) error {
+					if s.ID == http2.SettingInitialWindowSize {
+						serverInitialWindowSize = int32(s.Val)
+						log.Debugf("h2: server initial window size: %d", s.Val)
+					}
+					return nil
+				})
+				framer.WriteSettingsAck()
+			} else {
+				goto handshakeDone
+			}
+		case *http2.WindowUpdateFrame:
+			if sf.StreamID == 0 {
+				connWindowSize += int32(sf.Increment)
+				log.Debugf("h2: initial conn window update: +%d, total=%d", sf.Increment, connWindowSize)
+			}
+		default:
+			// unexpected but continue
+		}
+	}
+handshakeDone:
+
+	// Build HEADERS
+	streamID := uint32(1)
+	var hdrBuf []byte
+	enc := hpack.NewEncoder(&sliceWriter{buf: &hdrBuf})
+	enc.WriteField(hpack.HeaderField{Name: ":method", Value: "POST"})
+	enc.WriteField(hpack.HeaderField{Name: ":scheme", Value: "https"})
+	enc.WriteField(hpack.HeaderField{Name: ":authority", Value: host})
+	if p, ok := headers[":path"]; ok {
+		enc.WriteField(hpack.HeaderField{Name: ":path", Value: p})
+	}
+	for k, v := range headers {
+		if len(k) > 0 && k[0] == ':' {
+			continue
+		}
+		enc.WriteField(hpack.HeaderField{Name: k, Value: v})
+	}
+
+	if err := framer.WriteHeaders(http2.HeadersFrameParam{
+		StreamID:      streamID,
+		BlockFragment: hdrBuf,
+		EndStream:     false,
+		EndHeaders:    true,
+	}); err != nil {
+		tlsConn.Close()
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("h2: headers write failed: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	s := &H2Stream{
+		framer:     framer,
+		conn:       tlsConn,
+		streamID:   streamID,
+		dataCh:     make(chan []byte, 256),
+		doneCh:     make(chan struct{}),
+		id:         fmt.Sprintf("%d-%s", streamID, time.Now().Format("150405.000")),
+		frameNum:   0,
+		sendWindow: serverInitialWindowSize,
+		connWindow: connWindowSize,
+	}
+	s.windowCond = sync.NewCond(&s.windowMu)
+	go s.readLoop()
+	return s, nil
+}
+
+// Write sends a DATA frame on the stream, respecting flow control.
+func (s *H2Stream) Write(data []byte) error {
+	for len(data) > 0 {
+		chunk := data
+		if len(chunk) > maxFramePayload {
+			chunk = data[:maxFramePayload]
+		}
+
+		// Wait for flow control window
+		s.windowMu.Lock()
+		for s.sendWindow <= 0 || s.connWindow <= 0 {
+			s.windowCond.Wait()
+		}
+		// Limit chunk to available window
+		allowed := int(s.sendWindow)
+		if int(s.connWindow) < allowed {
+			allowed = int(s.connWindow)
+		}
+		if len(chunk) > allowed {
+			chunk = chunk[:allowed]
+		}
+		s.sendWindow -= int32(len(chunk))
+		s.connWindow -= int32(len(chunk))
+		s.windowMu.Unlock()
+
+		s.mu.Lock()
+		err := s.framer.WriteData(s.streamID, false, chunk)
+		s.mu.Unlock()
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		data = data[len(chunk):]
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+// Data returns the channel of received data chunks.
+func (s *H2Stream) Data() <-chan []byte { return s.dataCh }
+
+// Done returns a channel closed when the stream ends.
+func (s *H2Stream) Done() <-chan struct{} { return s.doneCh }
+
+// Err returns the error (if any) that caused the stream to close.
+// Returns nil for a clean shutdown (EOF / StreamEnded).
+func (s *H2Stream) Err() error { return s.err }
+
+// Close tears down the connection.
+func (s *H2Stream) Close() {
+	s.conn.Close()
+	// Unblock any writers waiting on flow control
+	s.windowCond.Broadcast()
+}
+
+func (s *H2Stream) readLoop() {
+	defer close(s.doneCh)
+	defer close(s.dataCh)
+
+	for {
+		f, err := s.framer.ReadFrame()
+		if err != nil {
+			if err != io.EOF {
+				s.err = err
+				log.Debugf("h2stream[%s]: readLoop error: %v", s.id, err)
+			}
+			return
+		}
+
+		// Increment frame counter
+		s.mu.Lock()
+		s.frameNum++
+		s.mu.Unlock()
+
+		switch frame := f.(type) {
+		case *http2.DataFrame:
+			if frame.StreamID == s.streamID && len(frame.Data()) > 0 {
+				cp := make([]byte, len(frame.Data()))
+				copy(cp, frame.Data())
+				s.dataCh <- cp
+
+				// Flow control: send WINDOW_UPDATE for received data
+				s.mu.Lock()
+				s.framer.WriteWindowUpdate(0, uint32(len(cp)))
+				s.framer.WriteWindowUpdate(s.streamID, uint32(len(cp)))
+				s.mu.Unlock()
+			}
+			if frame.StreamEnded() {
+				return
+			}
+
+		case *http2.HeadersFrame:
+			if frame.StreamEnded() {
+				return
+			}
+
+		case *http2.RSTStreamFrame:
+			s.err = fmt.Errorf("h2: RST_STREAM code=%d", frame.ErrCode)
+			log.Debugf("h2stream[%s]: received RST_STREAM code=%d", s.id, frame.ErrCode)
+			return
+
+		case *http2.GoAwayFrame:
+			s.err = fmt.Errorf("h2: GOAWAY code=%d", frame.ErrCode)
+			return
+
+		case *http2.PingFrame:
+			if !frame.IsAck() {
+				s.mu.Lock()
+				s.framer.WritePing(true, frame.Data)
+				s.mu.Unlock()
+			}
+
+		case *http2.SettingsFrame:
+			if !frame.IsAck() {
+				// Check for window size changes
+				frame.ForeachSetting(func(setting http2.Setting) error {
+					if setting.ID == http2.SettingInitialWindowSize {
+						s.windowMu.Lock()
+						delta := int32(setting.Val) - s.sendWindow
+						s.sendWindow += delta
+						s.windowMu.Unlock()
+						s.windowCond.Broadcast()
+					}
+					return nil
+				})
+				s.mu.Lock()
+				s.framer.WriteSettingsAck()
+				s.mu.Unlock()
+			}
+
+		case *http2.WindowUpdateFrame:
+			// Update send-side flow control window
+			s.windowMu.Lock()
+			if frame.StreamID == 0 {
+				s.connWindow += int32(frame.Increment)
+			} else if frame.StreamID == s.streamID {
+				s.sendWindow += int32(frame.Increment)
+			}
+			s.windowMu.Unlock()
+			s.windowCond.Broadcast()
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+type sliceWriter struct{ buf *[]byte }
+
+func (w *sliceWriter) Write(p []byte) (int, error) {
+	*w.buf = append(*w.buf, p...)
+	return len(p), nil
+}

internal/auth/gitlab/gitlab.go

@@ -0,0 +1,492 @@
+package gitlab
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"crypto/rand"
+	"crypto/sha256"
+	"encoding/base64"
+	"encoding/json"
+	"fmt"
+	"io"
+	"net"
+	"net/http"
+	"net/url"
+	"strconv"
+	"strings"
+	"sync"
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/router-for-me/CLIProxyAPI/v6/internal/config"
+	"github.com/router-for-me/CLIProxyAPI/v6/internal/util"
+	log "github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
+)
+
+const (
+	DefaultBaseURL      = "https://gitlab.com"
+	DefaultCallbackPort = 17171
+	defaultOAuthScope   = "api read_user"
+)
+
+type PKCECodes struct {
+	CodeVerifier  string
+	CodeChallenge string
+}
+
+type OAuthResult struct {
+	Code  string
+	State string
+	Error string
+}
+
+type OAuthServer struct {
+	server     *http.Server
+	port       int
+	resultChan chan *OAuthResult
+	errorChan  chan error
+	mu         sync.Mutex
+	running    bool
+}
+
+type TokenResponse struct {
+	AccessToken  string `json:"access_token"`
+	TokenType    string `json:"token_type"`
+	RefreshToken string `json:"refresh_token"`
+	Scope        string `json:"scope"`
+	CreatedAt    int64  `json:"created_at"`
+	ExpiresIn    int    `json:"expires_in"`
+}
+
+type User struct {
+	ID          int64  `json:"id"`
+	Username    string `json:"username"`
+	Name        string `json:"name"`
+	Email       string `json:"email"`
+	PublicEmail string `json:"public_email"`
+}
+
+type PersonalAccessTokenSelf struct {
+	ID     int64    `json:"id"`
+	Name   string   `json:"name"`
+	Scopes []string `json:"scopes"`
+	UserID int64    `json:"user_id"`
+}
+
+type ModelDetails struct {
+	ModelProvider string `json:"model_provider"`
+	ModelName     string `json:"model_name"`
+}
+
+type DirectAccessResponse struct {
+	BaseURL      string            `json:"base_url"`
+	Token        string            `json:"token"`
+	ExpiresAt    int64             `json:"expires_at"`
+	Headers      map[string]string `json:"headers"`
+	ModelDetails *ModelDetails     `json:"model_details,omitempty"`
+}
+
+type DiscoveredModel struct {
+	ModelProvider string
+	ModelName     string
+}
+
+type AuthClient struct {
+	httpClient *http.Client
+}
+
+func NewAuthClient(cfg *config.Config) *AuthClient {
+	client := &http.Client{}
+	if cfg != nil {
+		client = util.SetProxy(&cfg.SDKConfig, client)
+	}
+	return &AuthClient{httpClient: client}
+}
+
+func NormalizeBaseURL(raw string) string {
+	value := strings.TrimSpace(raw)
+	if value == "" {
+		return DefaultBaseURL
+	}
+	if !strings.Contains(value, "://") {
+		value = "https://" + value
+	}
+	value = strings.TrimRight(value, "/")
+	return value
+}
+
+func TokenExpiry(now time.Time, token *TokenResponse) time.Time {
+	if token == nil {
+		return time.Time{}
+	}
+	if token.CreatedAt > 0 && token.ExpiresIn > 0 {
+		return time.Unix(token.CreatedAt+int64(token.ExpiresIn), 0).UTC()
+	}
+	if token.ExpiresIn > 0 {
+		return now.UTC().Add(time.Duration(token.ExpiresIn) * time.Second)
+	}
+	return time.Time{}
+}
+
+func GeneratePKCECodes() (*PKCECodes, error) {
+	verifierBytes := make([]byte, 32)
+	if _, err := rand.Read(verifierBytes); err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("gitlab pkce generation failed: %w", err)
+	}
+	verifier := base64.RawURLEncoding.EncodeToString(verifierBytes)
+	sum := sha256.Sum256([]byte(verifier))
+	challenge := base64.RawURLEncoding.EncodeToString(sum[:])
+	return &PKCECodes{
+		CodeVerifier:  verifier,
+		CodeChallenge: challenge,
+	}, nil
+}
+
+func NewOAuthServer(port int) *OAuthServer {
+	return &OAuthServer{
+		port:       port,
+		resultChan: make(chan *OAuthResult, 1),
+		errorChan:  make(chan error, 1),
+	}
+}
+
+func (s *OAuthServer) Start() error {
+	s.mu.Lock()
+	defer s.mu.Unlock()
+
+	if s.running {
+		return fmt.Errorf("gitlab oauth server already running")
+	}
+	if !s.isPortAvailable() {
+		return fmt.Errorf("port %d is already in use", s.port)
+	}
+
+	mux := http.NewServeMux()
+	mux.HandleFunc("/auth/callback", s.handleCallback)
+
+	s.server = &http.Server{
+		Addr:         fmt.Sprintf(":%d", s.port),
+		Handler:      mux,
+		ReadTimeout:  10 * time.Second,
+		WriteTimeout: 10 * time.Second,
+	}
+	s.running = true
+
+	go func() {
+		if err := s.server.ListenAndServe(); err != nil && err != http.ErrServerClosed {
+			s.errorChan <- err
+		}
+	}()
+
+	time.Sleep(100 * time.Millisecond)
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (s *OAuthServer) Stop(ctx context.Context) error {
+	s.mu.Lock()
+	defer s.mu.Unlock()
+	if !s.running || s.server == nil {
+		return nil
+	}
+	defer func() {
+		s.running = false
+		s.server = nil
+	}()
+	return s.server.Shutdown(ctx)
+}
+
+func (s *OAuthServer) WaitForCallback(timeout time.Duration) (*OAuthResult, error) {
+	select {
+	case result := <-s.resultChan:
+		return result, nil
+	case err := <-s.errorChan:
+		return nil, err
+	case <-time.After(timeout):
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("timeout waiting for OAuth callback")
+	}
+}
+
+func (s *OAuthServer) handleCallback(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
+	if r.Method != http.MethodGet {
+		http.Error(w, "method not allowed", http.StatusMethodNotAllowed)
+		return
+	}
+	query := r.URL.Query()
+	if errParam := strings.TrimSpace(query.Get("error")); errParam != "" {
+		s.sendResult(&OAuthResult{Error: errParam})
+		http.Error(w, errParam, http.StatusBadRequest)
+		return
+	}
+	code := strings.TrimSpace(query.Get("code"))
+	state := strings.TrimSpace(query.Get("state"))
+	if code == "" || state == "" {
+		s.sendResult(&OAuthResult{Error: "missing_code_or_state"})
+		http.Error(w, "missing code or state", http.StatusBadRequest)
+		return
+	}
+	s.sendResult(&OAuthResult{Code: code, State: state})
+	_, _ = w.Write([]byte("GitLab authentication received. You can close this tab."))
+}
+
+func (s *OAuthServer) sendResult(result *OAuthResult) {
+	select {
+	case s.resultChan <- result:
+	default:
+		log.Debug("gitlab oauth result channel full, dropping callback result")
+	}
+}
+
+func (s *OAuthServer) isPortAvailable() bool {
+	listener, err := net.Listen("tcp", fmt.Sprintf(":%d", s.port))
+	if err != nil {
+		return false
+	}
+	_ = listener.Close()
+	return true
+}
+
+func RedirectURL(port int) string {
+	return fmt.Sprintf("http://localhost:%d/auth/callback", port)
+}
+
+func (c *AuthClient) GenerateAuthURL(baseURL, clientID, redirectURI, state string, pkce *PKCECodes) (string, error) {
+	if pkce == nil {
+		return "", fmt.Errorf("gitlab auth URL generation failed: PKCE codes are required")
+	}
+	if strings.TrimSpace(clientID) == "" {
+		return "", fmt.Errorf("gitlab auth URL generation failed: client ID is required")
+	}
+	baseURL = NormalizeBaseURL(baseURL)
+	params := url.Values{
+		"client_id":             {strings.TrimSpace(clientID)},
+		"response_type":         {"code"},
+		"redirect_uri":          {strings.TrimSpace(redirectURI)},
+		"scope":                 {defaultOAuthScope},
+		"state":                 {strings.TrimSpace(state)},
+		"code_challenge":        {pkce.CodeChallenge},
+		"code_challenge_method": {"S256"},
+	}
+	return fmt.Sprintf("%s/oauth/authorize?%s", baseURL, params.Encode()), nil
+}
+
+func (c *AuthClient) ExchangeCodeForTokens(ctx context.Context, baseURL, clientID, clientSecret, redirectURI, code, codeVerifier string) (*TokenResponse, error) {
+	form := url.Values{
+		"grant_type":    {"authorization_code"},
+		"client_id":     {strings.TrimSpace(clientID)},
+		"code":          {strings.TrimSpace(code)},
+		"redirect_uri":  {strings.TrimSpace(redirectURI)},
+		"code_verifier": {strings.TrimSpace(codeVerifier)},
+	}
+	if secret := strings.TrimSpace(clientSecret); secret != "" {
+		form.Set("client_secret", secret)
+	}
+	return c.postToken(ctx, NormalizeBaseURL(baseURL)+"/oauth/token", form)
+}
+
+func (c *AuthClient) RefreshTokens(ctx context.Context, baseURL, clientID, clientSecret, refreshToken string) (*TokenResponse, error) {
+	form := url.Values{
+		"grant_type":    {"refresh_token"},
+		"refresh_token": {strings.TrimSpace(refreshToken)},
+	}
+	if clientID = strings.TrimSpace(clientID); clientID != "" {
+		form.Set("client_id", clientID)
+	}
+	if secret := strings.TrimSpace(clientSecret); secret != "" {
+		form.Set("client_secret", secret)
+	}
+	return c.postToken(ctx, NormalizeBaseURL(baseURL)+"/oauth/token", form)
+}
+
+func (c *AuthClient) postToken(ctx context.Context, tokenURL string, form url.Values) (*TokenResponse, error) {
+	req, err := http.NewRequestWithContext(ctx, http.MethodPost, tokenURL, strings.NewReader(form.Encode()))
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("gitlab token request failed: %w", err)
+	}
+	req.Header.Set("Content-Type", "application/x-www-form-urlencoded")
+	req.Header.Set("Accept", "application/json")
+
+	resp, err := c.httpClient.Do(req)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("gitlab token request failed: %w", err)
+	}
+	defer func() { _ = resp.Body.Close() }()
+
+	body, err := io.ReadAll(resp.Body)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("gitlab token response read failed: %w", err)
+	}
+	if resp.StatusCode < 200 || resp.StatusCode >= 300 {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("gitlab token request failed with status %d: %s", resp.StatusCode, strings.TrimSpace(string(body)))
+	}
+	var token TokenResponse
+	if err := json.Unmarshal(body, &token); err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("gitlab token response decode failed: %w", err)
+	}
+	return &token, nil
+}
+
+func (c *AuthClient) GetCurrentUser(ctx context.Context, baseURL, token string) (*User, error) {
+	req, err := http.NewRequestWithContext(ctx, http.MethodGet, NormalizeBaseURL(baseURL)+"/api/v4/user", nil)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("gitlab user request failed: %w", err)
+	}
+	req.Header.Set("Authorization", "Bearer "+strings.TrimSpace(token))
+	req.Header.Set("Accept", "application/json")
+
+	resp, err := c.httpClient.Do(req)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("gitlab user request failed: %w", err)
+	}
+	defer func() { _ = resp.Body.Close() }()
+
+	body, err := io.ReadAll(resp.Body)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("gitlab user response read failed: %w", err)
+	}
+	if resp.StatusCode < 200 || resp.StatusCode >= 300 {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("gitlab user request failed with status %d: %s", resp.StatusCode, strings.TrimSpace(string(body)))
+	}
+
+	var user User
+	if err := json.Unmarshal(body, &user); err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("gitlab user response decode failed: %w", err)
+	}
+	return &user, nil
+}
+
+func (c *AuthClient) GetPersonalAccessTokenSelf(ctx context.Context, baseURL, token string) (*PersonalAccessTokenSelf, error) {
+	req, err := http.NewRequestWithContext(ctx, http.MethodGet, NormalizeBaseURL(baseURL)+"/api/v4/personal_access_tokens/self", nil)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("gitlab PAT self request failed: %w", err)
+	}
+	req.Header.Set("Authorization", "Bearer "+strings.TrimSpace(token))
+	req.Header.Set("Accept", "application/json")
+
+	resp, err := c.httpClient.Do(req)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("gitlab PAT self request failed: %w", err)
+	}
+	defer func() { _ = resp.Body.Close() }()
+
+	body, err := io.ReadAll(resp.Body)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("gitlab PAT self response read failed: %w", err)
+	}
+	if resp.StatusCode < 200 || resp.StatusCode >= 300 {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("gitlab PAT self request failed with status %d: %s", resp.StatusCode, strings.TrimSpace(string(body)))
+	}
+
+	var pat PersonalAccessTokenSelf
+	if err := json.Unmarshal(body, &pat); err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("gitlab PAT self response decode failed: %w", err)
+	}
+	return &pat, nil
+}
+
+func (c *AuthClient) FetchDirectAccess(ctx context.Context, baseURL, token string) (*DirectAccessResponse, error) {
+	req, err := http.NewRequestWithContext(ctx, http.MethodPost, NormalizeBaseURL(baseURL)+"/api/v4/code_suggestions/direct_access", nil)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("gitlab direct access request failed: %w", err)
+	}
+	req.Header.Set("Authorization", "Bearer "+strings.TrimSpace(token))
+	req.Header.Set("Accept", "application/json")
+
+	resp, err := c.httpClient.Do(req)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("gitlab direct access request failed: %w", err)
+	}
+	defer func() { _ = resp.Body.Close() }()
+
+	body, err := io.ReadAll(resp.Body)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("gitlab direct access response read failed: %w", err)
+	}
+	if resp.StatusCode < 200 || resp.StatusCode >= 300 {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("gitlab direct access request failed with status %d: %s", resp.StatusCode, strings.TrimSpace(string(body)))
+	}
+
+	var direct DirectAccessResponse
+	if err := json.Unmarshal(body, &direct); err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("gitlab direct access response decode failed: %w", err)
+	}
+	if direct.Headers == nil {
+		direct.Headers = make(map[string]string)
+	}
+	return &direct, nil
+}
+
+func ExtractDiscoveredModels(metadata map[string]any) []DiscoveredModel {
+	if len(metadata) == 0 {
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	models := make([]DiscoveredModel, 0, 4)
+	seen := make(map[string]struct{})
+	appendModel := func(provider, name string) {
+		provider = strings.TrimSpace(provider)
+		name = strings.TrimSpace(name)
+		if name == "" {
+			return
+		}
+		key := strings.ToLower(name)
+		if _, ok := seen[key]; ok {
+			return
+		}
+		seen[key] = struct{}{}
+		models = append(models, DiscoveredModel{
+			ModelProvider: provider,
+			ModelName:     name,
+		})
+	}
+
+	if raw, ok := metadata["model_details"]; ok {
+		appendDiscoveredModels(raw, appendModel)
+	}
+	appendModel(stringValue(metadata["model_provider"]), stringValue(metadata["model_name"]))
+
+	for _, key := range []string{"models", "supported_models", "discovered_models"} {
+		if raw, ok := metadata[key]; ok {
+			appendDiscoveredModels(raw, appendModel)
+		}
+	}
+
+	return models
+}
+
+func appendDiscoveredModels(raw any, appendModel func(provider, name string)) {
+	switch typed := raw.(type) {
+	case map[string]any:
+		appendModel(stringValue(typed["model_provider"]), stringValue(typed["model_name"]))
+		appendModel(stringValue(typed["provider"]), stringValue(typed["name"]))
+		if nested, ok := typed["models"]; ok {
+			appendDiscoveredModels(nested, appendModel)
+		}
+	case []any:
+		for _, item := range typed {
+			appendDiscoveredModels(item, appendModel)
+		}
+	case []string:
+		for _, item := range typed {
+			appendModel("", item)
+		}
+	case string:
+		appendModel("", typed)
+	}
+}
+
+func stringValue(raw any) string {
+	switch typed := raw.(type) {
+	case string:
+		return strings.TrimSpace(typed)
+	case fmt.Stringer:
+		return strings.TrimSpace(typed.String())
+	case json.Number:
+		return typed.String()
+	case int:
+		return strconv.Itoa(typed)
+	case int64:
+		return strconv.FormatInt(typed, 10)
+	case float64:
+		return strconv.FormatInt(int64(typed), 10)
+	default:
+		return ""
+	}
+}

internal/auth/gitlab/gitlab_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,138 @@
+package gitlab
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"encoding/json"
+	"net/http"
+	"net/http/httptest"
+	"net/url"
+	"strings"
+	"testing"
+)
+
+func TestAuthClientGenerateAuthURLIncludesPKCE(t *testing.T) {
+	client := NewAuthClient(nil)
+	pkce, err := GeneratePKCECodes()
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("GeneratePKCECodes() error = %v", err)
+	}
+
+	rawURL, err := client.GenerateAuthURL("https://gitlab.example.com", "client-id", RedirectURL(17171), "state-123", pkce)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("GenerateAuthURL() error = %v", err)
+	}
+
+	parsed, err := url.Parse(rawURL)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("Parse(authURL) error = %v", err)
+	}
+	if got := parsed.Path; got != "/oauth/authorize" {
+		t.Fatalf("expected /oauth/authorize path, got %q", got)
+	}
+	query := parsed.Query()
+	if got := query.Get("client_id"); got != "client-id" {
+		t.Fatalf("expected client_id, got %q", got)
+	}
+	if got := query.Get("scope"); got != defaultOAuthScope {
+		t.Fatalf("expected scope %q, got %q", defaultOAuthScope, got)
+	}
+	if got := query.Get("code_challenge_method"); got != "S256" {
+		t.Fatalf("expected PKCE method S256, got %q", got)
+	}
+	if got := query.Get("code_challenge"); got == "" {
+		t.Fatal("expected non-empty code_challenge")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestAuthClientExchangeCodeForTokens(t *testing.T) {
+	srv := httptest.NewServer(http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
+		if r.URL.Path != "/oauth/token" {
+			t.Fatalf("unexpected path %q", r.URL.Path)
+		}
+		if err := r.ParseForm(); err != nil {
+			t.Fatalf("ParseForm() error = %v", err)
+		}
+		if got := r.Form.Get("grant_type"); got != "authorization_code" {
+			t.Fatalf("expected authorization_code grant, got %q", got)
+		}
+		if got := r.Form.Get("code_verifier"); got != "verifier-123" {
+			t.Fatalf("expected code_verifier, got %q", got)
+		}
+		_ = json.NewEncoder(w).Encode(map[string]any{
+			"access_token":  "oauth-access",
+			"refresh_token": "oauth-refresh",
+			"token_type":    "Bearer",
+			"scope":         "api read_user",
+			"created_at":    1710000000,
+			"expires_in":    3600,
+		})
+	}))
+	defer srv.Close()
+
+	client := NewAuthClient(nil)
+	token, err := client.ExchangeCodeForTokens(context.Background(), srv.URL, "client-id", "client-secret", RedirectURL(17171), "auth-code", "verifier-123")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("ExchangeCodeForTokens() error = %v", err)
+	}
+	if token.AccessToken != "oauth-access" {
+		t.Fatalf("expected access token, got %q", token.AccessToken)
+	}
+	if token.RefreshToken != "oauth-refresh" {
+		t.Fatalf("expected refresh token, got %q", token.RefreshToken)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestExtractDiscoveredModels(t *testing.T) {
+	models := ExtractDiscoveredModels(map[string]any{
+		"model_details": map[string]any{
+			"model_provider": "anthropic",
+			"model_name":     "claude-sonnet-4-5",
+		},
+		"supported_models": []any{
+			map[string]any{"model_provider": "openai", "model_name": "gpt-4.1"},
+			"claude-sonnet-4-5",
+		},
+	})
+	if len(models) != 2 {
+		t.Fatalf("expected 2 unique models, got %d", len(models))
+	}
+	if models[0].ModelName != "claude-sonnet-4-5" {
+		t.Fatalf("unexpected first model %q", models[0].ModelName)
+	}
+	if models[1].ModelName != "gpt-4.1" {
+		t.Fatalf("unexpected second model %q", models[1].ModelName)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestFetchDirectAccessDecodesModelDetails(t *testing.T) {
+	srv := httptest.NewServer(http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
+		if r.URL.Path != "/api/v4/code_suggestions/direct_access" {
+			t.Fatalf("unexpected path %q", r.URL.Path)
+		}
+		if got := r.Header.Get("Authorization"); !strings.Contains(got, "token-123") {
+			t.Fatalf("expected bearer token, got %q", got)
+		}
+		_ = json.NewEncoder(w).Encode(map[string]any{
+			"base_url":   "https://cloud.gitlab.example.com",
+			"token":      "gateway-token",
+			"expires_at": 1710003600,
+			"headers": map[string]string{
+				"X-Gitlab-Realm": "saas",
+			},
+			"model_details": map[string]any{
+				"model_provider": "anthropic",
+				"model_name":     "claude-sonnet-4-5",
+			},
+		})
+	}))
+	defer srv.Close()
+
+	client := NewAuthClient(nil)
+	direct, err := client.FetchDirectAccess(context.Background(), srv.URL, "token-123")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("FetchDirectAccess() error = %v", err)
+	}
+	if direct.ModelDetails == nil || direct.ModelDetails.ModelName != "claude-sonnet-4-5" {
+		t.Fatalf("expected model details, got %+v", direct.ModelDetails)
+	}
+}

internal/auth/iflow/iflow_auth.go

@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@ import (
 	"io"
 	"net/http"
 	"net/url"
+	"os"
 	"strings"
 	"time"
 
@@ -28,10 +29,21 @@ const (
 	iFlowAPIKeyEndpoint = "https://platform.iflow.cn/api/openapi/apikey"
 
 	// Client credentials provided by iFlow for the Code Assist integration.
-	iFlowOAuthClientID     = "10009311001"
-	iFlowOAuthClientSecret = "4Z3YjXycVsQvyGF1etiNlIBB4RsqSDtW"
+	iFlowOAuthClientID = "10009311001"
+	// Default client secret (can be overridden via IFLOW_CLIENT_SECRET env var)
+	defaultIFlowClientSecret = "4Z3YjXycVsQvyGF1etiNlIBB4RsqSDtW"
 )
 
+// getIFlowClientSecret returns the iFlow OAuth client secret.
+// It first checks the IFLOW_CLIENT_SECRET environment variable,
+// falling back to the default value if not set.
+func getIFlowClientSecret() string {
+	if secret := os.Getenv("IFLOW_CLIENT_SECRET"); secret != "" {
+		return secret
+	}
+	return defaultIFlowClientSecret
+}
+
 // DefaultAPIBaseURL is the canonical chat completions endpoint.
 const DefaultAPIBaseURL = "https://apis.iflow.cn/v1"
 
@@ -72,7 +84,7 @@ func (ia *IFlowAuth) ExchangeCodeForTokens(ctx context.Context, code, redirectUR
 	form.Set("code", code)
 	form.Set("redirect_uri", redirectURI)
 	form.Set("client_id", iFlowOAuthClientID)
-	form.Set("client_secret", iFlowOAuthClientSecret)
+	form.Set("client_secret", getIFlowClientSecret())
 
 	req, err := ia.newTokenRequest(ctx, form)
 	if err != nil {
@@ -88,7 +100,7 @@ func (ia *IFlowAuth) RefreshTokens(ctx context.Context, refreshToken string) (*I
 	form.Set("grant_type", "refresh_token")
 	form.Set("refresh_token", refreshToken)
 	form.Set("client_id", iFlowOAuthClientID)
-	form.Set("client_secret", iFlowOAuthClientSecret)
+	form.Set("client_secret", getIFlowClientSecret())
 
 	req, err := ia.newTokenRequest(ctx, form)
 	if err != nil {
@@ -104,7 +116,7 @@ func (ia *IFlowAuth) newTokenRequest(ctx context.Context, form url.Values) (*htt
 		return nil, fmt.Errorf("iflow token: create request failed: %w", err)
 	}
 
-	basic := base64.StdEncoding.EncodeToString([]byte(iFlowOAuthClientID + ":" + iFlowOAuthClientSecret))
+	basic := base64.StdEncoding.EncodeToString([]byte(iFlowOAuthClientID + ":" + getIFlowClientSecret()))
 	req.Header.Set("Content-Type", "application/x-www-form-urlencoded")
 	req.Header.Set("Accept", "application/json")
 	req.Header.Set("Authorization", "Basic "+basic)

internal/auth/kilo/kilo_auth.go

@@ -0,0 +1,168 @@
+// Package kilo provides authentication and token management functionality
+// for Kilo AI services.
+package kilo
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"encoding/json"
+	"fmt"
+	"net/http"
+	"time"
+)
+
+const (
+	// BaseURL is the base URL for the Kilo AI API.
+	BaseURL = "https://api.kilo.ai/api"
+)
+
+// DeviceAuthResponse represents the response from initiating device flow.
+type DeviceAuthResponse struct {
+	Code            string `json:"code"`
+	VerificationURL string `json:"verificationUrl"`
+	ExpiresIn       int    `json:"expiresIn"`
+}
+
+// DeviceStatusResponse represents the response when polling for device flow status.
+type DeviceStatusResponse struct {
+	Status    string `json:"status"`
+	Token     string `json:"token"`
+	UserEmail string `json:"userEmail"`
+}
+
+// Profile represents the user profile from Kilo AI.
+type Profile struct {
+	Email string         `json:"email"`
+	Orgs  []Organization `json:"organizations"`
+}
+
+// Organization represents a Kilo AI organization.
+type Organization struct {
+	ID   string `json:"id"`
+	Name string `json:"name"`
+}
+
+// Defaults represents default settings for an organization or user.
+type Defaults struct {
+	Model string `json:"model"`
+}
+
+// KiloAuth provides methods for handling the Kilo AI authentication flow.
+type KiloAuth struct {
+	client *http.Client
+}
+
+// NewKiloAuth creates a new instance of KiloAuth.
+func NewKiloAuth() *KiloAuth {
+	return &KiloAuth{
+		client: &http.Client{Timeout: 30 * time.Second},
+	}
+}
+
+// InitiateDeviceFlow starts the device authentication flow.
+func (k *KiloAuth) InitiateDeviceFlow(ctx context.Context) (*DeviceAuthResponse, error) {
+	resp, err := k.client.Post(BaseURL+"/device-auth/codes", "application/json", nil)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	defer resp.Body.Close()
+
+	if resp.StatusCode != http.StatusCreated && resp.StatusCode != http.StatusOK {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to initiate device flow: status %d", resp.StatusCode)
+	}
+
+	var data DeviceAuthResponse
+	if err := json.NewDecoder(resp.Body).Decode(&data); err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	return &data, nil
+}
+
+// PollForToken polls for the device flow completion.
+func (k *KiloAuth) PollForToken(ctx context.Context, code string) (*DeviceStatusResponse, error) {
+	ticker := time.NewTicker(5 * time.Second)
+	defer ticker.Stop()
+
+	for {
+		select {
+		case <-ctx.Done():
+			return nil, ctx.Err()
+		case <-ticker.C:
+			resp, err := k.client.Get(BaseURL + "/device-auth/codes/" + code)
+			if err != nil {
+				return nil, err
+			}
+			defer resp.Body.Close()
+
+			var data DeviceStatusResponse
+			if err := json.NewDecoder(resp.Body).Decode(&data); err != nil {
+				return nil, err
+			}
+
+			switch data.Status {
+			case "approved":
+				return &data, nil
+			case "denied", "expired":
+				return nil, fmt.Errorf("device flow %s", data.Status)
+			case "pending":
+				continue
+			default:
+				return nil, fmt.Errorf("unknown status: %s", data.Status)
+			}
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+// GetProfile fetches the user's profile.
+func (k *KiloAuth) GetProfile(ctx context.Context, token string) (*Profile, error) {
+	req, err := http.NewRequestWithContext(ctx, "GET", BaseURL+"/profile", nil)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to create get profile request: %w", err)
+	}
+	req.Header.Set("Authorization", "Bearer "+token)
+
+	resp, err := k.client.Do(req)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	defer resp.Body.Close()
+
+	if resp.StatusCode != http.StatusOK {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to get profile: status %d", resp.StatusCode)
+	}
+
+	var profile Profile
+	if err := json.NewDecoder(resp.Body).Decode(&profile); err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	return &profile, nil
+}
+
+// GetDefaults fetches default settings for an organization.
+func (k *KiloAuth) GetDefaults(ctx context.Context, token, orgID string) (*Defaults, error) {
+	url := BaseURL + "/defaults"
+	if orgID != "" {
+		url = BaseURL + "/organizations/" + orgID + "/defaults"
+	}
+
+	req, err := http.NewRequestWithContext(ctx, "GET", url, nil)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to create get defaults request: %w", err)
+	}
+	req.Header.Set("Authorization", "Bearer "+token)
+
+	resp, err := k.client.Do(req)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	defer resp.Body.Close()
+
+	if resp.StatusCode != http.StatusOK {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to get defaults: status %d", resp.StatusCode)
+	}
+
+	var defaults Defaults
+	if err := json.NewDecoder(resp.Body).Decode(&defaults); err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	return &defaults, nil
+}

internal/auth/kilo/kilo_token.go

@@ -0,0 +1,60 @@
+// Package kilo provides authentication and token management functionality
+// for Kilo AI services.
+package kilo
+
+import (
+	"encoding/json"
+	"fmt"
+	"os"
+	"path/filepath"
+
+	"github.com/router-for-me/CLIProxyAPI/v6/internal/misc"
+	log "github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
+)
+
+// KiloTokenStorage stores token information for Kilo AI authentication.
+type KiloTokenStorage struct {
+	// Token is the Kilo access token.
+	Token string `json:"kilocodeToken"`
+
+	// OrganizationID is the Kilo organization ID.
+	OrganizationID string `json:"kilocodeOrganizationId"`
+
+	// Model is the default model to use.
+	Model string `json:"kilocodeModel"`
+
+	// Email is the email address of the authenticated user.
+	Email string `json:"email"`
+
+	// Type indicates the authentication provider type, always "kilo" for this storage.
+	Type string `json:"type"`
+}
+
+// SaveTokenToFile serializes the Kilo token storage to a JSON file.
+func (ts *KiloTokenStorage) SaveTokenToFile(authFilePath string) error {
+	misc.LogSavingCredentials(authFilePath)
+	ts.Type = "kilo"
+	if err := os.MkdirAll(filepath.Dir(authFilePath), 0700); err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("failed to create directory: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	f, err := os.Create(authFilePath)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("failed to create token file: %w", err)
+	}
+	defer func() {
+		if errClose := f.Close(); errClose != nil {
+			log.Errorf("failed to close file: %v", errClose)
+		}
+	}()
+
+	if err = json.NewEncoder(f).Encode(ts); err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("failed to write token to file: %w", err)
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+// CredentialFileName returns the filename used to persist Kilo credentials.
+func CredentialFileName(email string) string {
+	return fmt.Sprintf("kilo-%s.json", email)
+}

internal/auth/kiro/aws.go

@@ -0,0 +1,681 @@
+// Package kiro provides authentication functionality for AWS CodeWhisperer (Kiro) API.
+// It includes interfaces and implementations for token storage and authentication methods.
+package kiro
+
+import (
+	"encoding/base64"
+	"encoding/json"
+	"errors"
+	"fmt"
+	"net/url"
+	"os"
+	"path/filepath"
+	"strings"
+	"time"
+
+	log "github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
+)
+
+// PKCECodes holds PKCE verification codes for OAuth2 PKCE flow
+type PKCECodes struct {
+	// CodeVerifier is the cryptographically random string used to correlate
+	// the authorization request to the token request
+	CodeVerifier string `json:"code_verifier"`
+	// CodeChallenge is the SHA256 hash of the code verifier, base64url-encoded
+	CodeChallenge string `json:"code_challenge"`
+}
+
+// KiroTokenData holds OAuth token information from AWS CodeWhisperer (Kiro)
+type KiroTokenData struct {
+	// AccessToken is the OAuth2 access token for API access
+	AccessToken string `json:"accessToken"`
+	// RefreshToken is used to obtain new access tokens
+	RefreshToken string `json:"refreshToken"`
+	// ProfileArn is the AWS CodeWhisperer profile ARN
+	ProfileArn string `json:"profileArn"`
+	// ExpiresAt is the timestamp when the token expires
+	ExpiresAt string `json:"expiresAt"`
+	// AuthMethod indicates the authentication method used (e.g., "builder-id", "social", "idc")
+	AuthMethod string `json:"authMethod"`
+	// Provider indicates the OAuth provider (e.g., "AWS", "Google", "Enterprise")
+	Provider string `json:"provider"`
+	// ClientID is the OIDC client ID (needed for token refresh)
+	ClientID string `json:"clientId,omitempty"`
+	// ClientSecret is the OIDC client secret (needed for token refresh)
+	ClientSecret string `json:"clientSecret,omitempty"`
+	// ClientIDHash is the hash of client ID used to locate device registration file
+	// (Enterprise Kiro IDE stores clientId/clientSecret in ~/.aws/sso/cache/{clientIdHash}.json)
+	ClientIDHash string `json:"clientIdHash,omitempty"`
+	// Email is the user's email address (used for file naming)
+	Email string `json:"email,omitempty"`
+	// StartURL is the IDC/Identity Center start URL (only for IDC auth method)
+	StartURL string `json:"startUrl,omitempty"`
+	// Region is the OIDC region for IDC login and token refresh
+	Region string `json:"region,omitempty"`
+}
+
+// KiroAuthBundle aggregates authentication data after OAuth flow completion
+type KiroAuthBundle struct {
+	// TokenData contains the OAuth tokens from the authentication flow
+	TokenData KiroTokenData `json:"token_data"`
+	// LastRefresh is the timestamp of the last token refresh
+	LastRefresh string `json:"last_refresh"`
+}
+
+// KiroUsageInfo represents usage information from CodeWhisperer API
+type KiroUsageInfo struct {
+	// SubscriptionTitle is the subscription plan name (e.g., "KIRO FREE")
+	SubscriptionTitle string `json:"subscription_title"`
+	// CurrentUsage is the current credit usage
+	CurrentUsage float64 `json:"current_usage"`
+	// UsageLimit is the maximum credit limit
+	UsageLimit float64 `json:"usage_limit"`
+	// NextReset is the timestamp of the next usage reset
+	NextReset string `json:"next_reset"`
+}
+
+// KiroModel represents a model available through the CodeWhisperer API
+type KiroModel struct {
+	// ModelID is the unique identifier for the model
+	ModelID string `json:"modelId"`
+	// ModelName is the human-readable name
+	ModelName string `json:"modelName"`
+	// Description is the model description
+	Description string `json:"description"`
+	// RateMultiplier is the credit multiplier for this model
+	RateMultiplier float64 `json:"rateMultiplier"`
+	// RateUnit is the unit for rate calculation (e.g., "credit")
+	RateUnit string `json:"rateUnit"`
+	// MaxInputTokens is the maximum input token limit
+	MaxInputTokens int `json:"maxInputTokens,omitempty"`
+}
+
+// KiroIDETokenFile is the default path to Kiro IDE's token file
+const KiroIDETokenFile = ".aws/sso/cache/kiro-auth-token.json"
+
+// Default retry configuration for file reading
+const (
+	defaultTokenReadMaxAttempts = 10                    // Maximum retry attempts
+	defaultTokenReadBaseDelay   = 50 * time.Millisecond // Base delay between retries
+)
+
+// isTransientFileError checks if the error is a transient file access error
+// that may be resolved by retrying (e.g., file locked by another process on Windows).
+func isTransientFileError(err error) bool {
+	if err == nil {
+		return false
+	}
+
+	// Check for OS-level file access errors (Windows sharing violation, etc.)
+	var pathErr *os.PathError
+	if errors.As(err, &pathErr) {
+		// Windows sharing violation (ERROR_SHARING_VIOLATION = 32)
+		// Windows lock violation (ERROR_LOCK_VIOLATION = 33)
+		errStr := pathErr.Err.Error()
+		if strings.Contains(errStr, "being used by another process") ||
+			strings.Contains(errStr, "sharing violation") ||
+			strings.Contains(errStr, "lock violation") {
+			return true
+		}
+	}
+
+	// Check error message for common transient patterns
+	errMsg := strings.ToLower(err.Error())
+	transientPatterns := []string{
+		"being used by another process",
+		"sharing violation",
+		"lock violation",
+		"access is denied",
+		"unexpected end of json",
+		"unexpected eof",
+	}
+	for _, pattern := range transientPatterns {
+		if strings.Contains(errMsg, pattern) {
+			return true
+		}
+	}
+
+	return false
+}
+
+// LoadKiroIDETokenWithRetry loads token data from Kiro IDE's token file with retry logic.
+// This handles transient file access errors (e.g., file locked by Kiro IDE during write).
+// maxAttempts: maximum number of retry attempts (default 10 if <= 0)
+// baseDelay: base delay between retries with exponential backoff (default 50ms if <= 0)
+func LoadKiroIDETokenWithRetry(maxAttempts int, baseDelay time.Duration) (*KiroTokenData, error) {
+	if maxAttempts <= 0 {
+		maxAttempts = defaultTokenReadMaxAttempts
+	}
+	if baseDelay <= 0 {
+		baseDelay = defaultTokenReadBaseDelay
+	}
+
+	var lastErr error
+	for attempt := 0; attempt < maxAttempts; attempt++ {
+		token, err := LoadKiroIDEToken()
+		if err == nil {
+			return token, nil
+		}
+		lastErr = err
+
+		// Only retry for transient errors
+		if !isTransientFileError(err) {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+
+		// Exponential backoff: delay * 2^attempt, capped at 500ms
+		delay := baseDelay * time.Duration(1<<uint(attempt))
+		if delay > 500*time.Millisecond {
+			delay = 500 * time.Millisecond
+		}
+		time.Sleep(delay)
+	}
+
+	return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to read token file after %d attempts: %w", maxAttempts, lastErr)
+}
+
+// LoadKiroIDEToken loads token data from Kiro IDE's token file.
+// For Enterprise Kiro IDE (IDC auth), it also loads clientId and clientSecret
+// from the device registration file referenced by clientIdHash.
+func LoadKiroIDEToken() (*KiroTokenData, error) {
+	homeDir, err := os.UserHomeDir()
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to get home directory: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	tokenPath := filepath.Join(homeDir, KiroIDETokenFile)
+	data, err := os.ReadFile(tokenPath)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to read Kiro IDE token file (%s): %w", tokenPath, err)
+	}
+
+	var token KiroTokenData
+	if err := json.Unmarshal(data, &token); err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to parse Kiro IDE token: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	if token.AccessToken == "" {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("access token is empty in Kiro IDE token file")
+	}
+
+	// Normalize AuthMethod to lowercase (Kiro IDE uses "IdC" but we expect "idc")
+	token.AuthMethod = strings.ToLower(token.AuthMethod)
+
+	// For Enterprise Kiro IDE (IDC auth), load clientId and clientSecret from device registration
+	// The device registration file is located at ~/.aws/sso/cache/{clientIdHash}.json
+	if token.ClientIDHash != "" && token.ClientID == "" {
+		if err := loadDeviceRegistration(homeDir, token.ClientIDHash, &token); err != nil {
+			// Log warning but don't fail - token might still work for some operations
+			fmt.Printf("warning: failed to load device registration for clientIdHash %s: %v\n", token.ClientIDHash, err)
+		}
+	}
+
+	return &token, nil
+}
+
+// loadDeviceRegistration loads clientId and clientSecret from the device registration file.
+// Enterprise Kiro IDE stores these in ~/.aws/sso/cache/{clientIdHash}.json
+func loadDeviceRegistration(homeDir, clientIDHash string, token *KiroTokenData) error {
+	if clientIDHash == "" {
+		return fmt.Errorf("clientIdHash is empty")
+	}
+
+	// Sanitize clientIdHash to prevent path traversal
+	if strings.Contains(clientIDHash, "/") || strings.Contains(clientIDHash, "\\") || strings.Contains(clientIDHash, "..") {
+		return fmt.Errorf("invalid clientIdHash: contains path separator")
+	}
+
+	deviceRegPath := filepath.Join(homeDir, ".aws", "sso", "cache", clientIDHash+".json")
+	data, err := os.ReadFile(deviceRegPath)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("failed to read device registration file (%s): %w", deviceRegPath, err)
+	}
+
+	// Device registration file structure
+	var deviceReg struct {
+		ClientID     string `json:"clientId"`
+		ClientSecret string `json:"clientSecret"`
+		ExpiresAt    string `json:"expiresAt"`
+	}
+
+	if err := json.Unmarshal(data, &deviceReg); err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("failed to parse device registration: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	if deviceReg.ClientID == "" || deviceReg.ClientSecret == "" {
+		return fmt.Errorf("device registration missing clientId or clientSecret")
+	}
+
+	token.ClientID = deviceReg.ClientID
+	token.ClientSecret = deviceReg.ClientSecret
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+// LoadKiroTokenFromPath loads token data from a custom path.
+// This supports multiple accounts by allowing different token files.
+// For Enterprise Kiro IDE (IDC auth), it also loads clientId and clientSecret
+// from the device registration file referenced by clientIdHash.
+func LoadKiroTokenFromPath(tokenPath string) (*KiroTokenData, error) {
+	homeDir, err := os.UserHomeDir()
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to get home directory: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	// Expand ~ to home directory
+	if len(tokenPath) > 0 && tokenPath[0] == '~' {
+		tokenPath = filepath.Join(homeDir, tokenPath[1:])
+	}
+
+	data, err := os.ReadFile(tokenPath)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to read token file (%s): %w", tokenPath, err)
+	}
+
+	var token KiroTokenData
+	if err := json.Unmarshal(data, &token); err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to parse token file: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	if token.AccessToken == "" {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("access token is empty in token file")
+	}
+
+	// Normalize AuthMethod to lowercase (Kiro IDE uses "IdC" but we expect "idc")
+	token.AuthMethod = strings.ToLower(token.AuthMethod)
+
+	// For Enterprise Kiro IDE (IDC auth), load clientId and clientSecret from device registration
+	if token.ClientIDHash != "" && token.ClientID == "" {
+		if err := loadDeviceRegistration(homeDir, token.ClientIDHash, &token); err != nil {
+			// Log warning but don't fail - token might still work for some operations
+			fmt.Printf("warning: failed to load device registration for clientIdHash %s: %v\n", token.ClientIDHash, err)
+		}
+	}
+
+	return &token, nil
+}
+
+// ListKiroTokenFiles lists all Kiro token files in the cache directory.
+// This supports multiple accounts by finding all token files.
+func ListKiroTokenFiles() ([]string, error) {
+	homeDir, err := os.UserHomeDir()
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to get home directory: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	cacheDir := filepath.Join(homeDir, ".aws", "sso", "cache")
+
+	// Check if directory exists
+	if _, err := os.Stat(cacheDir); os.IsNotExist(err) {
+		return nil, nil // No token files
+	}
+
+	entries, err := os.ReadDir(cacheDir)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to read cache directory: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	var tokenFiles []string
+	for _, entry := range entries {
+		if entry.IsDir() {
+			continue
+		}
+		name := entry.Name()
+		// Look for kiro token files only (avoid matching unrelated AWS SSO cache files)
+		if strings.HasSuffix(name, ".json") && strings.HasPrefix(name, "kiro") {
+			tokenFiles = append(tokenFiles, filepath.Join(cacheDir, name))
+		}
+	}
+
+	return tokenFiles, nil
+}
+
+// LoadAllKiroTokens loads all Kiro tokens from the cache directory.
+// This supports multiple accounts.
+func LoadAllKiroTokens() ([]*KiroTokenData, error) {
+	files, err := ListKiroTokenFiles()
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	var tokens []*KiroTokenData
+	for _, file := range files {
+		token, err := LoadKiroTokenFromPath(file)
+		if err != nil {
+			// Skip invalid token files
+			continue
+		}
+		tokens = append(tokens, token)
+	}
+
+	return tokens, nil
+}
+
+// JWTClaims represents the claims we care about from a JWT token.
+// JWT tokens from Kiro/AWS contain user information in the payload.
+type JWTClaims struct {
+	Email         string `json:"email,omitempty"`
+	Sub           string `json:"sub,omitempty"`
+	PreferredUser string `json:"preferred_username,omitempty"`
+	Name          string `json:"name,omitempty"`
+	Iss           string `json:"iss,omitempty"`
+}
+
+// ExtractEmailFromJWT extracts the user's email from a JWT access token.
+// JWT tokens typically have format: header.payload.signature
+// The payload is base64url-encoded JSON containing user claims.
+func ExtractEmailFromJWT(accessToken string) string {
+	if accessToken == "" {
+		return ""
+	}
+
+	// JWT format: header.payload.signature
+	parts := strings.Split(accessToken, ".")
+	if len(parts) != 3 {
+		return ""
+	}
+
+	// Decode the payload (second part)
+	payload := parts[1]
+
+	// Add padding if needed (base64url requires padding)
+	switch len(payload) % 4 {
+	case 2:
+		payload += "=="
+	case 3:
+		payload += "="
+	}
+
+	decoded, err := base64.URLEncoding.DecodeString(payload)
+	if err != nil {
+		// Try RawURLEncoding (no padding)
+		decoded, err = base64.RawURLEncoding.DecodeString(parts[1])
+		if err != nil {
+			return ""
+		}
+	}
+
+	var claims JWTClaims
+	if err := json.Unmarshal(decoded, &claims); err != nil {
+		return ""
+	}
+
+	// Return email if available
+	if claims.Email != "" {
+		return claims.Email
+	}
+
+	// Fallback to preferred_username (some providers use this)
+	if claims.PreferredUser != "" && strings.Contains(claims.PreferredUser, "@") {
+		return claims.PreferredUser
+	}
+
+	// Fallback to sub if it looks like an email
+	if claims.Sub != "" && strings.Contains(claims.Sub, "@") {
+		return claims.Sub
+	}
+
+	return ""
+}
+
+// SanitizeEmailForFilename sanitizes an email address for use in a filename.
+// Replaces special characters with underscores and prevents path traversal attacks.
+// Also handles URL-encoded characters to prevent encoded path traversal attempts.
+func SanitizeEmailForFilename(email string) string {
+	if email == "" {
+		return ""
+	}
+
+	result := email
+
+	// First, handle URL-encoded path traversal attempts (%2F, %2E, %5C, etc.)
+	// This prevents encoded characters from bypassing the sanitization.
+	// Note: We replace % last to catch any remaining encodings including double-encoding (%252F)
+	result = strings.ReplaceAll(result, "%2F", "_") // /
+	result = strings.ReplaceAll(result, "%2f", "_")
+	result = strings.ReplaceAll(result, "%5C", "_") // \
+	result = strings.ReplaceAll(result, "%5c", "_")
+	result = strings.ReplaceAll(result, "%2E", "_") // .
+	result = strings.ReplaceAll(result, "%2e", "_")
+	result = strings.ReplaceAll(result, "%00", "_") // null byte
+	result = strings.ReplaceAll(result, "%", "_")   // Catch remaining % to prevent double-encoding attacks
+
+	// Replace characters that are problematic in filenames
+	// Keep @ and . in middle but replace other special characters
+	for _, char := range []string{"/", "\\", ":", "*", "?", "\"", "<", ">", "|", " ", "\x00"} {
+		result = strings.ReplaceAll(result, char, "_")
+	}
+
+	// Prevent path traversal: replace leading dots in each path component
+	// This handles cases like "../../../etc/passwd" → "_.._.._.._etc_passwd"
+	parts := strings.Split(result, "_")
+	for i, part := range parts {
+		for strings.HasPrefix(part, ".") {
+			part = "_" + part[1:]
+		}
+		parts[i] = part
+	}
+	result = strings.Join(parts, "_")
+
+	return result
+}
+
+// ExtractIDCIdentifier extracts a unique identifier from IDC startUrl.
+// Examples:
+//   - "https://d-1234567890.awsapps.com/start" -> "d-1234567890"
+//   - "https://my-company.awsapps.com/start" -> "my-company"
+//   - "https://acme-corp.awsapps.com/start" -> "acme-corp"
+func ExtractIDCIdentifier(startURL string) string {
+	if startURL == "" {
+		return ""
+	}
+
+	// Remove protocol prefix
+	url := strings.TrimPrefix(startURL, "https://")
+	url = strings.TrimPrefix(url, "http://")
+
+	// Extract subdomain (first part before the first dot)
+	// Format: {identifier}.awsapps.com/start
+	parts := strings.Split(url, ".")
+	if len(parts) > 0 && parts[0] != "" {
+		identifier := parts[0]
+		// Sanitize for filename safety
+		identifier = strings.ReplaceAll(identifier, "/", "_")
+		identifier = strings.ReplaceAll(identifier, "\\", "_")
+		identifier = strings.ReplaceAll(identifier, ":", "_")
+		return identifier
+	}
+
+	return ""
+}
+
+// GenerateTokenFileName generates a unique filename for token storage.
+// Priority: email > startUrl identifier (for IDC) > authMethod only
+// Email is unique, so no sequence suffix needed. Sequence is only added
+// when email is unavailable to prevent filename collisions.
+// Format: kiro-{authMethod}-{identifier}[-{seq}].json
+func GenerateTokenFileName(tokenData *KiroTokenData) string {
+	authMethod := tokenData.AuthMethod
+	if authMethod == "" {
+		authMethod = "unknown"
+	}
+
+	// Priority 1: Use email if available (no sequence needed, email is unique)
+	if tokenData.Email != "" {
+		// Sanitize email for filename (replace @ and . with -)
+		sanitizedEmail := tokenData.Email
+		sanitizedEmail = strings.ReplaceAll(sanitizedEmail, "@", "-")
+		sanitizedEmail = strings.ReplaceAll(sanitizedEmail, ".", "-")
+		return fmt.Sprintf("kiro-%s-%s.json", authMethod, sanitizedEmail)
+	}
+
+	// Generate sequence only when email is unavailable
+	seq := time.Now().UnixNano() % 100000
+
+	// Priority 2: For IDC, use startUrl identifier with sequence
+	if authMethod == "idc" && tokenData.StartURL != "" {
+		identifier := ExtractIDCIdentifier(tokenData.StartURL)
+		if identifier != "" {
+			return fmt.Sprintf("kiro-%s-%s-%05d.json", authMethod, identifier, seq)
+		}
+	}
+
+	// Priority 3: Fallback to authMethod only with sequence
+	return fmt.Sprintf("kiro-%s-%05d.json", authMethod, seq)
+}
+
+// DefaultKiroRegion is the fallback region when none is specified.
+const DefaultKiroRegion = "us-east-1"
+
+// GetCodeWhispererLegacyEndpoint returns the legacy CodeWhisperer JSON-RPC endpoint.
+// This endpoint supports JSON-RPC style requests with x-amz-target headers.
+// The Q endpoint (q.{region}.amazonaws.com) does NOT support JSON-RPC style.
+func GetCodeWhispererLegacyEndpoint(region string) string {
+	if region == "" {
+		region = DefaultKiroRegion
+	}
+	return "https://codewhisperer." + region + ".amazonaws.com"
+}
+
+// ProfileARN represents a parsed AWS CodeWhisperer profile ARN.
+// ARN format: arn:partition:service:region:account-id:resource-type/resource-id
+// Example: arn:aws:codewhisperer:us-east-1:123456789012:profile/ABCDEFGHIJKL
+type ProfileARN struct {
+	// Raw is the original ARN string
+	Raw string
+	// Partition is the AWS partition (aws)
+	Partition string
+	// Service is the AWS service name (codewhisperer)
+	Service string
+	// Region is the AWS region (us-east-1, ap-southeast-1, etc.)
+	Region string
+	// AccountID is the AWS account ID
+	AccountID string
+	// ResourceType is the resource type (profile)
+	ResourceType string
+	// ResourceID is the resource identifier (e.g., ABCDEFGHIJKL)
+	ResourceID string
+}
+
+// ParseProfileARN parses an AWS ARN string into a ProfileARN struct.
+// Returns nil if the ARN is empty, invalid, or not a codewhisperer ARN.
+func ParseProfileARN(arn string) *ProfileARN {
+	if arn == "" {
+		return nil
+	}
+	// ARN format: arn:partition:service:region:account-id:resource
+	// Minimum 6 parts separated by ":"
+	parts := strings.Split(arn, ":")
+	if len(parts) < 6 {
+		log.Warnf("invalid ARN format: %s", arn)
+		return nil
+	}
+	// Validate ARN prefix
+	if parts[0] != "arn" {
+		return nil
+	}
+	// Validate partition
+	partition := parts[1]
+	if partition == "" {
+		return nil
+	}
+	// Validate service is codewhisperer
+	service := parts[2]
+	if service != "codewhisperer" {
+		return nil
+	}
+	// Validate region format (must contain "-")
+	region := parts[3]
+	if region == "" || !strings.Contains(region, "-") {
+		return nil
+	}
+	// Account ID
+	accountID := parts[4]
+
+	// Parse resource (format: resource-type/resource-id)
+	// Join remaining parts in case resource contains ":"
+	resource := strings.Join(parts[5:], ":")
+	resourceType := ""
+	resourceID := ""
+	if idx := strings.Index(resource, "/"); idx > 0 {
+		resourceType = resource[:idx]
+		resourceID = resource[idx+1:]
+	} else {
+		resourceType = resource
+	}
+
+	return &ProfileARN{
+		Raw:          arn,
+		Partition:    partition,
+		Service:      service,
+		Region:       region,
+		AccountID:    accountID,
+		ResourceType: resourceType,
+		ResourceID:   resourceID,
+	}
+}
+
+// GetKiroAPIEndpoint returns the Q API endpoint for the specified region.
+// If region is empty, defaults to us-east-1.
+func GetKiroAPIEndpoint(region string) string {
+	if region == "" {
+		region = DefaultKiroRegion
+	}
+	return "https://q." + region + ".amazonaws.com"
+}
+
+// GetKiroAPIEndpointFromProfileArn extracts region from profileArn and returns the endpoint.
+// Returns default us-east-1 endpoint if region cannot be extracted.
+func GetKiroAPIEndpointFromProfileArn(profileArn string) string {
+	region := ExtractRegionFromProfileArn(profileArn)
+	return GetKiroAPIEndpoint(region)
+}
+
+// ExtractRegionFromProfileArn extracts the AWS region from a ProfileARN string.
+// Returns empty string if ARN is invalid or region cannot be extracted.
+func ExtractRegionFromProfileArn(profileArn string) string {
+	parsed := ParseProfileARN(profileArn)
+	if parsed == nil {
+		return ""
+	}
+	return parsed.Region
+}
+
+// ExtractRegionFromMetadata extracts API region from auth metadata.
+// Priority: api_region > profile_arn > DefaultKiroRegion
+func ExtractRegionFromMetadata(metadata map[string]interface{}) string {
+	if metadata == nil {
+		return DefaultKiroRegion
+	}
+
+	// Priority 1: Explicit api_region override
+	if r, ok := metadata["api_region"].(string); ok && r != "" {
+		return r
+	}
+
+	// Priority 2: Extract from ProfileARN
+	if profileArn, ok := metadata["profile_arn"].(string); ok && profileArn != "" {
+		if region := ExtractRegionFromProfileArn(profileArn); region != "" {
+			return region
+		}
+	}
+
+	return DefaultKiroRegion
+}
+
+func buildURL(endpoint, path string, queryParams map[string]string) string {
+	fullURL := fmt.Sprintf("%s/%s", endpoint, path)
+	if len(queryParams) > 0 {
+		values := url.Values{}
+		for key, value := range queryParams {
+			if value == "" {
+				continue
+			}
+			values.Set(key, value)
+		}
+		if encoded := values.Encode(); encoded != "" {
+			fullURL = fullURL + "?" + encoded
+		}
+	}
+	return fullURL
+}

internal/auth/kiro/aws_auth.go

@@ -0,0 +1,326 @@
+// Package kiro provides OAuth2 authentication functionality for AWS CodeWhisperer (Kiro) API.
+// This package implements token loading, refresh, and API communication with CodeWhisperer.
+package kiro
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"encoding/json"
+	"fmt"
+	"io"
+	"net/http"
+	"os"
+	"path/filepath"
+	"strings"
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/router-for-me/CLIProxyAPI/v6/internal/config"
+	"github.com/router-for-me/CLIProxyAPI/v6/internal/util"
+	log "github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
+)
+
+const (
+	pathGetUsageLimits      = "getUsageLimits"
+	pathListAvailableModels = "ListAvailableModels"
+)
+
+// KiroAuth handles AWS CodeWhisperer authentication and API communication.
+// It provides methods for loading tokens, refreshing expired tokens,
+// and communicating with the CodeWhisperer API.
+type KiroAuth struct {
+	httpClient *http.Client
+}
+
+// NewKiroAuth creates a new Kiro authentication service.
+// It initializes the HTTP client with proxy settings from the configuration.
+//
+// Parameters:
+//   - cfg: The application configuration containing proxy settings
+//
+// Returns:
+//   - *KiroAuth: A new Kiro authentication service instance
+func NewKiroAuth(cfg *config.Config) *KiroAuth {
+	return &KiroAuth{
+		httpClient: util.SetProxy(&cfg.SDKConfig, &http.Client{Timeout: 120 * time.Second}),
+	}
+}
+
+// LoadTokenFromFile loads token data from a file path.
+// This method reads and parses the token file, expanding ~ to the home directory.
+//
+// Parameters:
+//   - tokenFile: Path to the token file (supports ~ expansion)
+//
+// Returns:
+//   - *KiroTokenData: The parsed token data
+//   - error: An error if file reading or parsing fails
+func (k *KiroAuth) LoadTokenFromFile(tokenFile string) (*KiroTokenData, error) {
+	// Expand ~ to home directory
+	if strings.HasPrefix(tokenFile, "~") {
+		home, err := os.UserHomeDir()
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to get home directory: %w", err)
+		}
+		tokenFile = filepath.Join(home, tokenFile[1:])
+	}
+
+	data, err := os.ReadFile(tokenFile)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to read token file: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	var tokenData KiroTokenData
+	if err := json.Unmarshal(data, &tokenData); err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to parse token file: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	return &tokenData, nil
+}
+
+// IsTokenExpired checks if the token has expired.
+// This method parses the expiration timestamp and compares it with the current time.
+//
+// Parameters:
+//   - tokenData: The token data to check
+//
+// Returns:
+//   - bool: True if the token has expired, false otherwise
+func (k *KiroAuth) IsTokenExpired(tokenData *KiroTokenData) bool {
+	if tokenData.ExpiresAt == "" {
+		return true
+	}
+
+	expiresAt, err := time.Parse(time.RFC3339, tokenData.ExpiresAt)
+	if err != nil {
+		// Try alternate format
+		expiresAt, err = time.Parse("2006-01-02T15:04:05.000Z", tokenData.ExpiresAt)
+		if err != nil {
+			return true
+		}
+	}
+
+	return time.Now().After(expiresAt)
+}
+
+// makeRequest sends a REST-style GET request to the CodeWhisperer API.
+//
+// Parameters:
+//   - ctx: The context for the request
+//   - path: The API path (e.g., "getUsageLimits")
+//   - tokenData: The token data containing access token, refresh token, and profile ARN
+//   - queryParams: Query parameters to add to the URL
+//
+// Returns:
+//   - []byte: The response body
+//   - error: An error if the request fails
+func (k *KiroAuth) makeRequest(ctx context.Context, path string, tokenData *KiroTokenData, queryParams map[string]string) ([]byte, error) {
+	// Get endpoint from profileArn (defaults to us-east-1 if empty)
+	profileArn := queryParams["profileArn"]
+	endpoint := GetKiroAPIEndpointFromProfileArn(profileArn)
+	url := buildURL(endpoint, path, queryParams)
+
+	req, err := http.NewRequestWithContext(ctx, http.MethodGet, url, nil)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to create request: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	accountKey := GetAccountKey(tokenData.ClientID, tokenData.RefreshToken)
+	setRuntimeHeaders(req, tokenData.AccessToken, accountKey)
+
+	resp, err := k.httpClient.Do(req)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("request failed: %w", err)
+	}
+	defer func() {
+		if errClose := resp.Body.Close(); errClose != nil {
+			log.Errorf("failed to close response body: %v", errClose)
+		}
+	}()
+
+	body, err := io.ReadAll(resp.Body)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to read response: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	if resp.StatusCode != http.StatusOK {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("API error (status %d): %s", resp.StatusCode, string(body))
+	}
+
+	return body, nil
+}
+
+// GetUsageLimits retrieves usage information from the CodeWhisperer API.
+// This method fetches the current usage statistics and subscription information.
+//
+// Parameters:
+//   - ctx: The context for the request
+//   - tokenData: The token data containing access token and profile ARN
+//
+// Returns:
+//   - *KiroUsageInfo: The usage information
+//   - error: An error if the request fails
+func (k *KiroAuth) GetUsageLimits(ctx context.Context, tokenData *KiroTokenData) (*KiroUsageInfo, error) {
+	queryParams := map[string]string{
+		"origin":       "AI_EDITOR",
+		"profileArn":   tokenData.ProfileArn,
+		"resourceType": "AGENTIC_REQUEST",
+	}
+
+	body, err := k.makeRequest(ctx, pathGetUsageLimits, tokenData, queryParams)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	var result struct {
+		SubscriptionInfo struct {
+			SubscriptionTitle string `json:"subscriptionTitle"`
+		} `json:"subscriptionInfo"`
+		UsageBreakdownList []struct {
+			CurrentUsageWithPrecision float64 `json:"currentUsageWithPrecision"`
+			UsageLimitWithPrecision   float64 `json:"usageLimitWithPrecision"`
+		} `json:"usageBreakdownList"`
+		NextDateReset float64 `json:"nextDateReset"`
+	}
+
+	if err := json.Unmarshal(body, &result); err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to parse usage response: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	usage := &KiroUsageInfo{
+		SubscriptionTitle: result.SubscriptionInfo.SubscriptionTitle,
+		NextReset:         fmt.Sprintf("%v", result.NextDateReset),
+	}
+
+	if len(result.UsageBreakdownList) > 0 {
+		usage.CurrentUsage = result.UsageBreakdownList[0].CurrentUsageWithPrecision
+		usage.UsageLimit = result.UsageBreakdownList[0].UsageLimitWithPrecision
+	}
+
+	return usage, nil
+}
+
+// ListAvailableModels retrieves available models from the CodeWhisperer API.
+// This method fetches the list of AI models available for the authenticated user.
+//
+// Parameters:
+//   - ctx: The context for the request
+//   - tokenData: The token data containing access token and profile ARN
+//
+// Returns:
+//   - []*KiroModel: The list of available models
+//   - error: An error if the request fails
+func (k *KiroAuth) ListAvailableModels(ctx context.Context, tokenData *KiroTokenData) ([]*KiroModel, error) {
+	queryParams := map[string]string{
+		"origin":     "AI_EDITOR",
+		"profileArn": tokenData.ProfileArn,
+	}
+
+	body, err := k.makeRequest(ctx, pathListAvailableModels, tokenData, queryParams)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	var result struct {
+		Models []struct {
+			ModelID        string  `json:"modelId"`
+			ModelName      string  `json:"modelName"`
+			Description    string  `json:"description"`
+			RateMultiplier float64 `json:"rateMultiplier"`
+			RateUnit       string  `json:"rateUnit"`
+			TokenLimits    *struct {
+				MaxInputTokens int `json:"maxInputTokens"`
+			} `json:"tokenLimits"`
+		} `json:"models"`
+	}
+
+	if err := json.Unmarshal(body, &result); err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to parse models response: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	models := make([]*KiroModel, 0, len(result.Models))
+	for _, m := range result.Models {
+		maxInputTokens := 0
+		if m.TokenLimits != nil {
+			maxInputTokens = m.TokenLimits.MaxInputTokens
+		}
+		models = append(models, &KiroModel{
+			ModelID:        m.ModelID,
+			ModelName:      m.ModelName,
+			Description:    m.Description,
+			RateMultiplier: m.RateMultiplier,
+			RateUnit:       m.RateUnit,
+			MaxInputTokens: maxInputTokens,
+		})
+	}
+
+	return models, nil
+}
+
+// CreateTokenStorage creates a new KiroTokenStorage from token data.
+// This method converts the token data into a storage structure suitable for persistence.
+//
+// Parameters:
+//   - tokenData: The token data to convert
+//
+// Returns:
+//   - *KiroTokenStorage: A new token storage instance
+func (k *KiroAuth) CreateTokenStorage(tokenData *KiroTokenData) *KiroTokenStorage {
+	return &KiroTokenStorage{
+		AccessToken:  tokenData.AccessToken,
+		RefreshToken: tokenData.RefreshToken,
+		ProfileArn:   tokenData.ProfileArn,
+		ExpiresAt:    tokenData.ExpiresAt,
+		AuthMethod:   tokenData.AuthMethod,
+		Provider:     tokenData.Provider,
+		LastRefresh:  time.Now().Format(time.RFC3339),
+		ClientID:     tokenData.ClientID,
+		ClientSecret: tokenData.ClientSecret,
+		Region:       tokenData.Region,
+		StartURL:     tokenData.StartURL,
+		Email:        tokenData.Email,
+	}
+}
+
+// ValidateToken checks if the token is valid by making a test API call.
+// This method verifies the token by attempting to fetch usage limits.
+//
+// Parameters:
+//   - ctx: The context for the request
+//   - tokenData: The token data to validate
+//
+// Returns:
+//   - error: An error if the token is invalid
+func (k *KiroAuth) ValidateToken(ctx context.Context, tokenData *KiroTokenData) error {
+	_, err := k.GetUsageLimits(ctx, tokenData)
+	return err
+}
+
+// UpdateTokenStorage updates an existing token storage with new token data.
+// This method refreshes the token storage with newly obtained access and refresh tokens.
+//
+// Parameters:
+//   - storage: The existing token storage to update
+//   - tokenData: The new token data to apply
+func (k *KiroAuth) UpdateTokenStorage(storage *KiroTokenStorage, tokenData *KiroTokenData) {
+	storage.AccessToken = tokenData.AccessToken
+	storage.RefreshToken = tokenData.RefreshToken
+	storage.ProfileArn = tokenData.ProfileArn
+	storage.ExpiresAt = tokenData.ExpiresAt
+	storage.AuthMethod = tokenData.AuthMethod
+	storage.Provider = tokenData.Provider
+	storage.LastRefresh = time.Now().Format(time.RFC3339)
+	if tokenData.ClientID != "" {
+		storage.ClientID = tokenData.ClientID
+	}
+	if tokenData.ClientSecret != "" {
+		storage.ClientSecret = tokenData.ClientSecret
+	}
+	if tokenData.Region != "" {
+		storage.Region = tokenData.Region
+	}
+	if tokenData.StartURL != "" {
+		storage.StartURL = tokenData.StartURL
+	}
+	if tokenData.Email != "" {
+		storage.Email = tokenData.Email
+	}
+}

internal/auth/kiro/aws_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,751 @@
+package kiro
+
+import (
+	"encoding/base64"
+	"encoding/json"
+	"strings"
+	"testing"
+)
+
+func TestExtractEmailFromJWT(t *testing.T) {
+	tests := []struct {
+		name     string
+		token    string
+		expected string
+	}{
+		{
+			name:     "Empty token",
+			token:    "",
+			expected: "",
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "Invalid token format",
+			token:    "not.a.valid.jwt",
+			expected: "",
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "Invalid token - not base64",
+			token:    "xxx.yyy.zzz",
+			expected: "",
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "Valid JWT with email",
+			token:    createTestJWT(map[string]any{"email": "test@example.com", "sub": "user123"}),
+			expected: "test@example.com",
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "JWT without email but with preferred_username",
+			token:    createTestJWT(map[string]any{"preferred_username": "user@domain.com", "sub": "user123"}),
+			expected: "user@domain.com",
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "JWT with email-like sub",
+			token:    createTestJWT(map[string]any{"sub": "another@test.com"}),
+			expected: "another@test.com",
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "JWT without any email fields",
+			token:    createTestJWT(map[string]any{"sub": "user123", "name": "Test User"}),
+			expected: "",
+		},
+	}
+
+	for _, tt := range tests {
+		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			result := ExtractEmailFromJWT(tt.token)
+			if result != tt.expected {
+				t.Errorf("ExtractEmailFromJWT() = %q, want %q", result, tt.expected)
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+func TestSanitizeEmailForFilename(t *testing.T) {
+	tests := []struct {
+		name     string
+		email    string
+		expected string
+	}{
+		{
+			name:     "Empty email",
+			email:    "",
+			expected: "",
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "Simple email",
+			email:    "user@example.com",
+			expected: "user@example.com",
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "Email with space",
+			email:    "user name@example.com",
+			expected: "user_name@example.com",
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "Email with special chars",
+			email:    "user:name@example.com",
+			expected: "user_name@example.com",
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "Email with multiple special chars",
+			email:    "user/name:test@example.com",
+			expected: "user_name_test@example.com",
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "Path traversal attempt",
+			email:    "../../../etc/passwd",
+			expected: "_.__.__._etc_passwd",
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "Path traversal with backslash",
+			email:    `..\..\..\..\windows\system32`,
+			expected: "_.__.__.__._windows_system32",
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "Null byte injection attempt",
+			email:    "user\x00@evil.com",
+			expected: "user_@evil.com",
+		},
+		// URL-encoded path traversal tests
+		{
+			name:     "URL-encoded slash",
+			email:    "user%2Fpath@example.com",
+			expected: "user_path@example.com",
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "URL-encoded backslash",
+			email:    "user%5Cpath@example.com",
+			expected: "user_path@example.com",
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "URL-encoded dot",
+			email:    "%2E%2E%2Fetc%2Fpasswd",
+			expected: "___etc_passwd",
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "URL-encoded null",
+			email:    "user%00@evil.com",
+			expected: "user_@evil.com",
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "Double URL-encoding attack",
+			email:    "%252F%252E%252E",
+			expected: "_252F_252E_252E", // % replaced with _, remaining chars preserved (safe)
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "Mixed case URL-encoding",
+			email:    "%2f%2F%5c%5C",
+			expected: "____",
+		},
+	}
+
+	for _, tt := range tests {
+		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			result := SanitizeEmailForFilename(tt.email)
+			if result != tt.expected {
+				t.Errorf("SanitizeEmailForFilename() = %q, want %q", result, tt.expected)
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+// createTestJWT creates a test JWT token with the given claims
+func createTestJWT(claims map[string]any) string {
+	header := base64.RawURLEncoding.EncodeToString([]byte(`{"alg":"RS256","typ":"JWT"}`))
+
+	payloadBytes, _ := json.Marshal(claims)
+	payload := base64.RawURLEncoding.EncodeToString(payloadBytes)
+
+	signature := base64.RawURLEncoding.EncodeToString([]byte("fake-signature"))
+
+	return header + "." + payload + "." + signature
+}
+
+func TestExtractIDCIdentifier(t *testing.T) {
+	tests := []struct {
+		name     string
+		startURL string
+		expected string
+	}{
+		{
+			name:     "Empty URL",
+			startURL: "",
+			expected: "",
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "Standard IDC URL with d- prefix",
+			startURL: "https://d-1234567890.awsapps.com/start",
+			expected: "d-1234567890",
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "IDC URL with company name",
+			startURL: "https://my-company.awsapps.com/start",
+			expected: "my-company",
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "IDC URL with simple name",
+			startURL: "https://acme-corp.awsapps.com/start",
+			expected: "acme-corp",
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "IDC URL without https",
+			startURL: "http://d-9876543210.awsapps.com/start",
+			expected: "d-9876543210",
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "IDC URL with subdomain only",
+			startURL: "https://test.awsapps.com/start",
+			expected: "test",
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "Builder ID URL",
+			startURL: "https://view.awsapps.com/start",
+			expected: "view",
+		},
+	}
+
+	for _, tt := range tests {
+		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			result := ExtractIDCIdentifier(tt.startURL)
+			if result != tt.expected {
+				t.Errorf("ExtractIDCIdentifier() = %q, want %q", result, tt.expected)
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+func TestGenerateTokenFileName(t *testing.T) {
+	tests := []struct {
+		name      string
+		tokenData *KiroTokenData
+		exact     string // exact match (for cases with email)
+		prefix    string // prefix match (for cases without email, where sequence is appended)
+	}{
+		{
+			name: "IDC with email",
+			tokenData: &KiroTokenData{
+				AuthMethod: "idc",
+				Email:      "user@example.com",
+				StartURL:   "https://d-1234567890.awsapps.com/start",
+			},
+			exact: "kiro-idc-user-example-com.json",
+		},
+		{
+			name: "IDC without email but with startUrl",
+			tokenData: &KiroTokenData{
+				AuthMethod: "idc",
+				Email:      "",
+				StartURL:   "https://d-1234567890.awsapps.com/start",
+			},
+			prefix: "kiro-idc-d-1234567890-",
+		},
+		{
+			name: "IDC with company name in startUrl",
+			tokenData: &KiroTokenData{
+				AuthMethod: "idc",
+				Email:      "",
+				StartURL:   "https://my-company.awsapps.com/start",
+			},
+			prefix: "kiro-idc-my-company-",
+		},
+		{
+			name: "IDC without email and without startUrl",
+			tokenData: &KiroTokenData{
+				AuthMethod: "idc",
+				Email:      "",
+				StartURL:   "",
+			},
+			prefix: "kiro-idc-",
+		},
+		{
+			name: "Builder ID with email",
+			tokenData: &KiroTokenData{
+				AuthMethod: "builder-id",
+				Email:      "user@gmail.com",
+				StartURL:   "https://view.awsapps.com/start",
+			},
+			exact: "kiro-builder-id-user-gmail-com.json",
+		},
+		{
+			name: "Builder ID without email",
+			tokenData: &KiroTokenData{
+				AuthMethod: "builder-id",
+				Email:      "",
+				StartURL:   "https://view.awsapps.com/start",
+			},
+			prefix: "kiro-builder-id-",
+		},
+		{
+			name: "Social auth with email",
+			tokenData: &KiroTokenData{
+				AuthMethod: "google",
+				Email:      "user@gmail.com",
+			},
+			exact: "kiro-google-user-gmail-com.json",
+		},
+		{
+			name: "Empty auth method",
+			tokenData: &KiroTokenData{
+				AuthMethod: "",
+				Email:      "",
+			},
+			prefix: "kiro-unknown-",
+		},
+		{
+			name: "Email with special characters",
+			tokenData: &KiroTokenData{
+				AuthMethod: "idc",
+				Email:      "user.name+tag@sub.example.com",
+				StartURL:   "https://d-1234567890.awsapps.com/start",
+			},
+			exact: "kiro-idc-user-name+tag-sub-example-com.json",
+		},
+	}
+
+	for _, tt := range tests {
+		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			result := GenerateTokenFileName(tt.tokenData)
+			if tt.exact != "" {
+				if result != tt.exact {
+					t.Errorf("GenerateTokenFileName() = %q, want %q", result, tt.exact)
+				}
+			} else if tt.prefix != "" {
+				if !strings.HasPrefix(result, tt.prefix) || !strings.HasSuffix(result, ".json") {
+					t.Errorf("GenerateTokenFileName() = %q, want prefix %q with .json suffix", result, tt.prefix)
+				}
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+func TestParseProfileARN(t *testing.T) {
+	tests := []struct {
+		name     string
+		arn      string
+		expected *ProfileARN
+	}{
+		{
+			name:     "Empty ARN",
+			arn:      "",
+			expected: nil,
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "Invalid format - too few parts",
+			arn:      "arn:aws:codewhisperer",
+			expected: nil,
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "Invalid prefix - not arn",
+			arn:      "notarn:aws:codewhisperer:us-east-1:123456789012:profile/ABC",
+			expected: nil,
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "Invalid service - not codewhisperer",
+			arn:      "arn:aws:s3:us-east-1:123456789012:bucket/mybucket",
+			expected: nil,
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "Invalid region - no hyphen",
+			arn:      "arn:aws:codewhisperer:useast1:123456789012:profile/ABC",
+			expected: nil,
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "Empty partition",
+			arn:      "arn::codewhisperer:us-east-1:123456789012:profile/ABC",
+			expected: nil,
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "Empty region",
+			arn:      "arn:aws:codewhisperer::123456789012:profile/ABC",
+			expected: nil,
+		},
+		{
+			name: "Valid ARN - us-east-1",
+			arn:  "arn:aws:codewhisperer:us-east-1:123456789012:profile/ABCDEFGHIJKL",
+			expected: &ProfileARN{
+				Raw:          "arn:aws:codewhisperer:us-east-1:123456789012:profile/ABCDEFGHIJKL",
+				Partition:    "aws",
+				Service:      "codewhisperer",
+				Region:       "us-east-1",
+				AccountID:    "123456789012",
+				ResourceType: "profile",
+				ResourceID:   "ABCDEFGHIJKL",
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			name: "Valid ARN - ap-southeast-1",
+			arn:  "arn:aws:codewhisperer:ap-southeast-1:987654321098:profile/ZYXWVUTSRQ",
+			expected: &ProfileARN{
+				Raw:          "arn:aws:codewhisperer:ap-southeast-1:987654321098:profile/ZYXWVUTSRQ",
+				Partition:    "aws",
+				Service:      "codewhisperer",
+				Region:       "ap-southeast-1",
+				AccountID:    "987654321098",
+				ResourceType: "profile",
+				ResourceID:   "ZYXWVUTSRQ",
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			name: "Valid ARN - eu-west-1",
+			arn:  "arn:aws:codewhisperer:eu-west-1:111222333444:profile/PROFILE123",
+			expected: &ProfileARN{
+				Raw:          "arn:aws:codewhisperer:eu-west-1:111222333444:profile/PROFILE123",
+				Partition:    "aws",
+				Service:      "codewhisperer",
+				Region:       "eu-west-1",
+				AccountID:    "111222333444",
+				ResourceType: "profile",
+				ResourceID:   "PROFILE123",
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			name: "Valid ARN - aws-cn partition",
+			arn:  "arn:aws-cn:codewhisperer:cn-north-1:123456789012:profile/CHINAID",
+			expected: &ProfileARN{
+				Raw:          "arn:aws-cn:codewhisperer:cn-north-1:123456789012:profile/CHINAID",
+				Partition:    "aws-cn",
+				Service:      "codewhisperer",
+				Region:       "cn-north-1",
+				AccountID:    "123456789012",
+				ResourceType: "profile",
+				ResourceID:   "CHINAID",
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			name: "Valid ARN - resource without slash",
+			arn:  "arn:aws:codewhisperer:us-west-2:123456789012:profile",
+			expected: &ProfileARN{
+				Raw:          "arn:aws:codewhisperer:us-west-2:123456789012:profile",
+				Partition:    "aws",
+				Service:      "codewhisperer",
+				Region:       "us-west-2",
+				AccountID:    "123456789012",
+				ResourceType: "profile",
+				ResourceID:   "",
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			name: "Valid ARN - resource with colon",
+			arn:  "arn:aws:codewhisperer:us-east-1:123456789012:profile/ABC:extra",
+			expected: &ProfileARN{
+				Raw:          "arn:aws:codewhisperer:us-east-1:123456789012:profile/ABC:extra",
+				Partition:    "aws",
+				Service:      "codewhisperer",
+				Region:       "us-east-1",
+				AccountID:    "123456789012",
+				ResourceType: "profile",
+				ResourceID:   "ABC:extra",
+			},
+		},
+	}
+
+	for _, tt := range tests {
+		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			result := ParseProfileARN(tt.arn)
+			if tt.expected == nil {
+				if result != nil {
+					t.Errorf("ParseProfileARN(%q) = %+v, want nil", tt.arn, result)
+				}
+				return
+			}
+			if result == nil {
+				t.Errorf("ParseProfileARN(%q) = nil, want %+v", tt.arn, tt.expected)
+				return
+			}
+			if result.Raw != tt.expected.Raw {
+				t.Errorf("Raw = %q, want %q", result.Raw, tt.expected.Raw)
+			}
+			if result.Partition != tt.expected.Partition {
+				t.Errorf("Partition = %q, want %q", result.Partition, tt.expected.Partition)
+			}
+			if result.Service != tt.expected.Service {
+				t.Errorf("Service = %q, want %q", result.Service, tt.expected.Service)
+			}
+			if result.Region != tt.expected.Region {
+				t.Errorf("Region = %q, want %q", result.Region, tt.expected.Region)
+			}
+			if result.AccountID != tt.expected.AccountID {
+				t.Errorf("AccountID = %q, want %q", result.AccountID, tt.expected.AccountID)
+			}
+			if result.ResourceType != tt.expected.ResourceType {
+				t.Errorf("ResourceType = %q, want %q", result.ResourceType, tt.expected.ResourceType)
+			}
+			if result.ResourceID != tt.expected.ResourceID {
+				t.Errorf("ResourceID = %q, want %q", result.ResourceID, tt.expected.ResourceID)
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+func TestExtractRegionFromProfileArn(t *testing.T) {
+	tests := []struct {
+		name       string
+		profileArn string
+		expected   string
+	}{
+		{
+			name:       "Empty ARN",
+			profileArn: "",
+			expected:   "",
+		},
+		{
+			name:       "Invalid ARN",
+			profileArn: "invalid-arn",
+			expected:   "",
+		},
+		{
+			name:       "Valid ARN - us-east-1",
+			profileArn: "arn:aws:codewhisperer:us-east-1:123456789012:profile/ABC",
+			expected:   "us-east-1",
+		},
+		{
+			name:       "Valid ARN - ap-southeast-1",
+			profileArn: "arn:aws:codewhisperer:ap-southeast-1:123456789012:profile/ABC",
+			expected:   "ap-southeast-1",
+		},
+		{
+			name:       "Valid ARN - eu-central-1",
+			profileArn: "arn:aws:codewhisperer:eu-central-1:123456789012:profile/ABC",
+			expected:   "eu-central-1",
+		},
+		{
+			name:       "Non-codewhisperer ARN",
+			profileArn: "arn:aws:s3:us-east-1:123456789012:bucket/mybucket",
+			expected:   "",
+		},
+	}
+
+	for _, tt := range tests {
+		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			result := ExtractRegionFromProfileArn(tt.profileArn)
+			if result != tt.expected {
+				t.Errorf("ExtractRegionFromProfileArn(%q) = %q, want %q", tt.profileArn, result, tt.expected)
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+func TestGetKiroAPIEndpoint(t *testing.T) {
+	tests := []struct {
+		name     string
+		region   string
+		expected string
+	}{
+		{
+			name:     "Empty region - defaults to us-east-1",
+			region:   "",
+			expected: "https://q.us-east-1.amazonaws.com",
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "us-east-1",
+			region:   "us-east-1",
+			expected: "https://q.us-east-1.amazonaws.com",
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "us-west-2",
+			region:   "us-west-2",
+			expected: "https://q.us-west-2.amazonaws.com",
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "ap-southeast-1",
+			region:   "ap-southeast-1",
+			expected: "https://q.ap-southeast-1.amazonaws.com",
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "eu-west-1",
+			region:   "eu-west-1",
+			expected: "https://q.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com",
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "cn-north-1",
+			region:   "cn-north-1",
+			expected: "https://q.cn-north-1.amazonaws.com",
+		},
+	}
+
+	for _, tt := range tests {
+		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			result := GetKiroAPIEndpoint(tt.region)
+			if result != tt.expected {
+				t.Errorf("GetKiroAPIEndpoint(%q) = %q, want %q", tt.region, result, tt.expected)
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+func TestGetKiroAPIEndpointFromProfileArn(t *testing.T) {
+	tests := []struct {
+		name       string
+		profileArn string
+		expected   string
+	}{
+		{
+			name:       "Empty ARN - defaults to us-east-1",
+			profileArn: "",
+			expected:   "https://q.us-east-1.amazonaws.com",
+		},
+		{
+			name:       "Invalid ARN - defaults to us-east-1",
+			profileArn: "invalid-arn",
+			expected:   "https://q.us-east-1.amazonaws.com",
+		},
+		{
+			name:       "Valid ARN - us-east-1",
+			profileArn: "arn:aws:codewhisperer:us-east-1:123456789012:profile/ABC",
+			expected:   "https://q.us-east-1.amazonaws.com",
+		},
+		{
+			name:       "Valid ARN - ap-southeast-1",
+			profileArn: "arn:aws:codewhisperer:ap-southeast-1:123456789012:profile/ABC",
+			expected:   "https://q.ap-southeast-1.amazonaws.com",
+		},
+		{
+			name:       "Valid ARN - eu-central-1",
+			profileArn: "arn:aws:codewhisperer:eu-central-1:123456789012:profile/ABC",
+			expected:   "https://q.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com",
+		},
+	}
+
+	for _, tt := range tests {
+		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			result := GetKiroAPIEndpointFromProfileArn(tt.profileArn)
+			if result != tt.expected {
+				t.Errorf("GetKiroAPIEndpointFromProfileArn(%q) = %q, want %q", tt.profileArn, result, tt.expected)
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+func TestGetCodeWhispererLegacyEndpoint(t *testing.T) {
+	tests := []struct {
+		name     string
+		region   string
+		expected string
+	}{
+		{
+			name:     "Empty region - defaults to us-east-1",
+			region:   "",
+			expected: "https://codewhisperer.us-east-1.amazonaws.com",
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "us-east-1",
+			region:   "us-east-1",
+			expected: "https://codewhisperer.us-east-1.amazonaws.com",
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "us-west-2",
+			region:   "us-west-2",
+			expected: "https://codewhisperer.us-west-2.amazonaws.com",
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "ap-northeast-1",
+			region:   "ap-northeast-1",
+			expected: "https://codewhisperer.ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com",
+		},
+	}
+
+	for _, tt := range tests {
+		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			result := GetCodeWhispererLegacyEndpoint(tt.region)
+			if result != tt.expected {
+				t.Errorf("GetCodeWhispererLegacyEndpoint(%q) = %q, want %q", tt.region, result, tt.expected)
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+func TestExtractRegionFromMetadata(t *testing.T) {
+	tests := []struct {
+		name     string
+		metadata map[string]interface{}
+		expected string
+	}{
+		{
+			name:     "Nil metadata - defaults to us-east-1",
+			metadata: nil,
+			expected: "us-east-1",
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "Empty metadata - defaults to us-east-1",
+			metadata: map[string]interface{}{},
+			expected: "us-east-1",
+		},
+		{
+			name: "Priority 1: api_region override",
+			metadata: map[string]interface{}{
+				"api_region":  "eu-west-1",
+				"profile_arn": "arn:aws:codewhisperer:us-east-1:123456789012:profile/ABC",
+			},
+			expected: "eu-west-1",
+		},
+		{
+			name: "Priority 2: profile_arn when api_region is empty",
+			metadata: map[string]interface{}{
+				"api_region":  "",
+				"profile_arn": "arn:aws:codewhisperer:ap-southeast-1:123456789012:profile/ABC",
+			},
+			expected: "ap-southeast-1",
+		},
+		{
+			name: "Priority 2: profile_arn when api_region is missing",
+			metadata: map[string]interface{}{
+				"profile_arn": "arn:aws:codewhisperer:eu-central-1:123456789012:profile/ABC",
+			},
+			expected: "eu-central-1",
+		},
+		{
+			name: "Fallback: default when profile_arn is invalid",
+			metadata: map[string]interface{}{
+				"profile_arn": "invalid-arn",
+			},
+			expected: "us-east-1",
+		},
+		{
+			name: "Fallback: default when profile_arn is empty",
+			metadata: map[string]interface{}{
+				"profile_arn": "",
+			},
+			expected: "us-east-1",
+		},
+		{
+			name: "OIDC region is NOT used for API region",
+			metadata: map[string]interface{}{
+				"region": "ap-northeast-2", // OIDC region - should be ignored
+			},
+			expected: "us-east-1",
+		},
+		{
+			name: "api_region takes precedence over OIDC region",
+			metadata: map[string]interface{}{
+				"api_region": "us-west-2",
+				"region":     "ap-northeast-2", // OIDC region - should be ignored
+			},
+			expected: "us-west-2",
+		},
+		{
+			name: "Non-string api_region is ignored",
+			metadata: map[string]interface{}{
+				"api_region":  123, // wrong type
+				"profile_arn": "arn:aws:codewhisperer:ap-south-1:123456789012:profile/ABC",
+			},
+			expected: "ap-south-1",
+		},
+		{
+			name: "Non-string profile_arn is ignored",
+			metadata: map[string]interface{}{
+				"profile_arn": 123, // wrong type
+			},
+			expected: "us-east-1",
+		},
+	}
+
+	for _, tt := range tests {
+		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			result := ExtractRegionFromMetadata(tt.metadata)
+			if result != tt.expected {
+				t.Errorf("ExtractRegionFromMetadata(%v) = %q, want %q", tt.metadata, result, tt.expected)
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}
+

internal/auth/kiro/background_refresh.go

@@ -0,0 +1,247 @@
+package kiro
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"log"
+	"strings"
+	"sync"
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/router-for-me/CLIProxyAPI/v6/internal/config"
+	"golang.org/x/sync/semaphore"
+)
+
+type Token struct {
+	ID           string
+	AccessToken  string
+	RefreshToken string
+	ExpiresAt    time.Time
+	LastVerified time.Time
+	ClientID     string
+	ClientSecret string
+	AuthMethod   string
+	Provider     string
+	StartURL     string
+	Region       string
+}
+
+type TokenRepository interface {
+	FindOldestUnverified(limit int) []*Token
+	UpdateToken(token *Token) error
+}
+
+type RefresherOption func(*BackgroundRefresher)
+
+func WithInterval(interval time.Duration) RefresherOption {
+	return func(r *BackgroundRefresher) {
+		r.interval = interval
+	}
+}
+
+func WithBatchSize(size int) RefresherOption {
+	return func(r *BackgroundRefresher) {
+		r.batchSize = size
+	}
+}
+
+func WithConcurrency(concurrency int) RefresherOption {
+	return func(r *BackgroundRefresher) {
+		r.concurrency = concurrency
+	}
+}
+
+type BackgroundRefresher struct {
+	interval         time.Duration
+	batchSize        int
+	concurrency      int
+	tokenRepo        TokenRepository
+	stopCh           chan struct{}
+	wg               sync.WaitGroup
+	oauth            *KiroOAuth
+	ssoClient        *SSOOIDCClient
+	callbackMu       sync.RWMutex                                   // 保护回调函数的并发访问
+	onTokenRefreshed func(tokenID string, tokenData *KiroTokenData) // 刷新成功回调
+}
+
+func NewBackgroundRefresher(repo TokenRepository, opts ...RefresherOption) *BackgroundRefresher {
+	r := &BackgroundRefresher{
+		interval:    time.Minute,
+		batchSize:   50,
+		concurrency: 10,
+		tokenRepo:   repo,
+		stopCh:      make(chan struct{}),
+		oauth:       nil, // Lazy init - will be set when config available
+		ssoClient:   nil, // Lazy init - will be set when config available
+	}
+	for _, opt := range opts {
+		opt(r)
+	}
+	return r
+}
+
+// WithConfig sets the configuration for OAuth and SSO clients.
+func WithConfig(cfg *config.Config) RefresherOption {
+	return func(r *BackgroundRefresher) {
+		r.oauth = NewKiroOAuth(cfg)
+		r.ssoClient = NewSSOOIDCClient(cfg)
+	}
+}
+
+// WithOnTokenRefreshed sets the callback function to be called when a token is successfully refreshed.
+// The callback receives the token ID (filename) and the new token data.
+// This allows external components (e.g., Watcher) to be notified of token updates.
+func WithOnTokenRefreshed(callback func(tokenID string, tokenData *KiroTokenData)) RefresherOption {
+	return func(r *BackgroundRefresher) {
+		r.callbackMu.Lock()
+		r.onTokenRefreshed = callback
+		r.callbackMu.Unlock()
+	}
+}
+
+func (r *BackgroundRefresher) Start(ctx context.Context) {
+	r.wg.Add(1)
+	go func() {
+		defer r.wg.Done()
+		ticker := time.NewTicker(r.interval)
+		defer ticker.Stop()
+
+		r.refreshBatch(ctx)
+
+		for {
+			select {
+			case <-ctx.Done():
+				return
+			case <-r.stopCh:
+				return
+			case <-ticker.C:
+				r.refreshBatch(ctx)
+			}
+		}
+	}()
+}
+
+func (r *BackgroundRefresher) Stop() {
+	close(r.stopCh)
+	r.wg.Wait()
+}
+
+func (r *BackgroundRefresher) refreshBatch(ctx context.Context) {
+	tokens := r.tokenRepo.FindOldestUnverified(r.batchSize)
+	if len(tokens) == 0 {
+		return
+	}
+
+	sem := semaphore.NewWeighted(int64(r.concurrency))
+	var wg sync.WaitGroup
+
+	for i, token := range tokens {
+		if i > 0 {
+			select {
+			case <-ctx.Done():
+				return
+			case <-r.stopCh:
+				return
+			case <-time.After(100 * time.Millisecond):
+			}
+		}
+
+		if err := sem.Acquire(ctx, 1); err != nil {
+			return
+		}
+
+		wg.Add(1)
+		go func(t *Token) {
+			defer wg.Done()
+			defer sem.Release(1)
+			r.refreshSingle(ctx, t)
+		}(token)
+	}
+
+	wg.Wait()
+}
+
+func (r *BackgroundRefresher) refreshSingle(ctx context.Context, token *Token) {
+	// Normalize auth method to lowercase for case-insensitive matching
+	authMethod := strings.ToLower(token.AuthMethod)
+
+	// Create refresh function based on auth method
+	refreshFunc := func(ctx context.Context) (*KiroTokenData, error) {
+		switch authMethod {
+		case "idc":
+			return r.ssoClient.RefreshTokenWithRegion(
+				ctx,
+				token.ClientID,
+				token.ClientSecret,
+				token.RefreshToken,
+				token.Region,
+				token.StartURL,
+			)
+		case "builder-id":
+			return r.ssoClient.RefreshToken(
+				ctx,
+				token.ClientID,
+				token.ClientSecret,
+				token.RefreshToken,
+			)
+		default:
+			return r.oauth.RefreshTokenWithFingerprint(ctx, token.RefreshToken, token.ID)
+		}
+	}
+
+	// Use graceful degradation for better reliability
+	result := RefreshWithGracefulDegradation(
+		ctx,
+		refreshFunc,
+		token.AccessToken,
+		token.ExpiresAt,
+	)
+
+	if result.Error != nil {
+		log.Printf("failed to refresh token %s: %v", token.ID, result.Error)
+		return
+	}
+
+	newTokenData := result.TokenData
+	if result.UsedFallback {
+		log.Printf("token %s: using existing token as fallback (refresh failed but token still valid)", token.ID)
+		// Don't update the token file if we're using fallback
+		// Just update LastVerified to prevent immediate re-check
+		token.LastVerified = time.Now()
+		return
+	}
+
+	token.AccessToken = newTokenData.AccessToken
+	if newTokenData.RefreshToken != "" {
+		token.RefreshToken = newTokenData.RefreshToken
+	}
+	token.LastVerified = time.Now()
+
+	if newTokenData.ExpiresAt != "" {
+		if expTime, parseErr := time.Parse(time.RFC3339, newTokenData.ExpiresAt); parseErr == nil {
+			token.ExpiresAt = expTime
+		}
+	}
+
+	if err := r.tokenRepo.UpdateToken(token); err != nil {
+		log.Printf("failed to update token %s: %v", token.ID, err)
+		return
+	}
+
+	// 方案 A: 刷新成功后触发回调，通知 Watcher 更新内存中的 Auth 对象
+	r.callbackMu.RLock()
+	callback := r.onTokenRefreshed
+	r.callbackMu.RUnlock()
+
+	if callback != nil {
+		// 使用 defer recover 隔离回调 panic，防止崩溃整个进程
+		func() {
+			defer func() {
+				if rec := recover(); rec != nil {
+					log.Printf("background refresh: callback panic for token %s: %v", token.ID, rec)
+				}
+			}()
+			log.Printf("background refresh: notifying token refresh callback for %s", token.ID)
+			callback(token.ID, newTokenData)
+		}()
+	}
+}

internal/auth/kiro/codewhisperer_client.go

@@ -0,0 +1,153 @@
+// Package kiro provides CodeWhisperer API client for fetching user info.
+package kiro
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"encoding/json"
+	"fmt"
+	"io"
+	"net/http"
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/router-for-me/CLIProxyAPI/v6/internal/config"
+	"github.com/router-for-me/CLIProxyAPI/v6/internal/util"
+	log "github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
+)
+
+// CodeWhispererClient handles CodeWhisperer API calls.
+type CodeWhispererClient struct {
+	httpClient *http.Client
+}
+
+// UsageLimitsResponse represents the getUsageLimits API response.
+type UsageLimitsResponse struct {
+	DaysUntilReset     *int              `json:"daysUntilReset,omitempty"`
+	NextDateReset      *float64          `json:"nextDateReset,omitempty"`
+	UserInfo           *UserInfo         `json:"userInfo,omitempty"`
+	SubscriptionInfo   *SubscriptionInfo `json:"subscriptionInfo,omitempty"`
+	UsageBreakdownList []UsageBreakdown  `json:"usageBreakdownList,omitempty"`
+}
+
+// UserInfo contains user information from the API.
+type UserInfo struct {
+	Email  string `json:"email,omitempty"`
+	UserID string `json:"userId,omitempty"`
+}
+
+// SubscriptionInfo contains subscription details.
+type SubscriptionInfo struct {
+	SubscriptionTitle string `json:"subscriptionTitle,omitempty"`
+	Type              string `json:"type,omitempty"`
+}
+
+// UsageBreakdown contains usage details.
+type UsageBreakdown struct {
+	UsageLimit                *int     `json:"usageLimit,omitempty"`
+	CurrentUsage              *int     `json:"currentUsage,omitempty"`
+	UsageLimitWithPrecision   *float64 `json:"usageLimitWithPrecision,omitempty"`
+	CurrentUsageWithPrecision *float64 `json:"currentUsageWithPrecision,omitempty"`
+	NextDateReset             *float64 `json:"nextDateReset,omitempty"`
+	DisplayName               string   `json:"displayName,omitempty"`
+	ResourceType              string   `json:"resourceType,omitempty"`
+}
+
+// NewCodeWhispererClient creates a new CodeWhisperer client.
+func NewCodeWhispererClient(cfg *config.Config, machineID string) *CodeWhispererClient {
+	client := &http.Client{Timeout: 30 * time.Second}
+	if cfg != nil {
+		client = util.SetProxy(&cfg.SDKConfig, client)
+	}
+	return &CodeWhispererClient{
+		httpClient: client,
+	}
+}
+
+// GetUsageLimits fetches usage limits and user info from CodeWhisperer API.
+// This is the recommended way to get user email after login.
+func (c *CodeWhispererClient) GetUsageLimits(ctx context.Context, accessToken, clientID, refreshToken, profileArn string) (*UsageLimitsResponse, error) {
+	queryParams := map[string]string{
+		"origin":       "AI_EDITOR",
+		"resourceType": "AGENTIC_REQUEST",
+	}
+	// Determine endpoint based on profileArn region
+	endpoint := GetKiroAPIEndpointFromProfileArn(profileArn)
+	if profileArn != "" {
+		queryParams["profileArn"] = profileArn
+	} else {
+		queryParams["isEmailRequired"] = "true"
+	}
+	url := buildURL(endpoint, pathGetUsageLimits, queryParams)
+
+	req, err := http.NewRequestWithContext(ctx, http.MethodGet, url, nil)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to create request: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	accountKey := GetAccountKey(clientID, refreshToken)
+	setRuntimeHeaders(req, accessToken, accountKey)
+
+	log.Debugf("codewhisperer: GET %s", url)
+
+	resp, err := c.httpClient.Do(req)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("request failed: %w", err)
+	}
+	defer resp.Body.Close()
+
+	body, err := io.ReadAll(resp.Body)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to read response: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	log.Debugf("codewhisperer: status=%d, body=%s", resp.StatusCode, string(body))
+
+	if resp.StatusCode != http.StatusOK {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("API returned status %d: %s", resp.StatusCode, string(body))
+	}
+
+	var result UsageLimitsResponse
+	if err := json.Unmarshal(body, &result); err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to parse response: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	return &result, nil
+}
+
+// FetchUserEmailFromAPI fetches user email using CodeWhisperer getUsageLimits API.
+// This is more reliable than JWT parsing as it uses the official API.
+func (c *CodeWhispererClient) FetchUserEmailFromAPI(ctx context.Context, accessToken, clientID, refreshToken string) string {
+	resp, err := c.GetUsageLimits(ctx, accessToken, clientID, refreshToken, "")
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Debugf("codewhisperer: failed to get usage limits: %v", err)
+		return ""
+	}
+
+	if resp.UserInfo != nil && resp.UserInfo.Email != "" {
+		log.Debugf("codewhisperer: got email from API: %s", resp.UserInfo.Email)
+		return resp.UserInfo.Email
+	}
+
+	log.Debugf("codewhisperer: no email in response")
+	return ""
+}
+
+// FetchUserEmailWithFallback fetches user email with multiple fallback methods.
+// Priority: 1. CodeWhisperer API  2. userinfo endpoint  3. JWT parsing
+func FetchUserEmailWithFallback(ctx context.Context, cfg *config.Config, accessToken, clientID, refreshToken string) string {
+	// Method 1: Try CodeWhisperer API (most reliable)
+	cwClient := NewCodeWhispererClient(cfg, "")
+	email := cwClient.FetchUserEmailFromAPI(ctx, accessToken, clientID, refreshToken)
+	if email != "" {
+		return email
+	}
+
+	// Method 2: Try SSO OIDC userinfo endpoint
+	ssoClient := NewSSOOIDCClient(cfg)
+	email = ssoClient.FetchUserEmail(ctx, accessToken)
+	if email != "" {
+		return email
+	}
+
+	// Method 3: Fallback to JWT parsing
+	return ExtractEmailFromJWT(accessToken)
+}

internal/auth/kiro/cooldown.go

@@ -0,0 +1,112 @@
+package kiro
+
+import (
+	"sync"
+	"time"
+)
+
+const (
+	CooldownReason429         = "rate_limit_exceeded"
+	CooldownReasonSuspended   = "account_suspended"
+	CooldownReasonQuotaExhausted = "quota_exhausted"
+
+	DefaultShortCooldown = 1 * time.Minute
+	MaxShortCooldown     = 5 * time.Minute
+	LongCooldown         = 24 * time.Hour
+)
+
+type CooldownManager struct {
+	mu        sync.RWMutex
+	cooldowns map[string]time.Time
+	reasons   map[string]string
+}
+
+func NewCooldownManager() *CooldownManager {
+	return &CooldownManager{
+		cooldowns: make(map[string]time.Time),
+		reasons:   make(map[string]string),
+	}
+}
+
+func (cm *CooldownManager) SetCooldown(tokenKey string, duration time.Duration, reason string) {
+	cm.mu.Lock()
+	defer cm.mu.Unlock()
+	cm.cooldowns[tokenKey] = time.Now().Add(duration)
+	cm.reasons[tokenKey] = reason
+}
+
+func (cm *CooldownManager) IsInCooldown(tokenKey string) bool {
+	cm.mu.RLock()
+	defer cm.mu.RUnlock()
+	endTime, exists := cm.cooldowns[tokenKey]
+	if !exists {
+		return false
+	}
+	return time.Now().Before(endTime)
+}
+
+func (cm *CooldownManager) GetRemainingCooldown(tokenKey string) time.Duration {
+	cm.mu.RLock()
+	defer cm.mu.RUnlock()
+	endTime, exists := cm.cooldowns[tokenKey]
+	if !exists {
+		return 0
+	}
+	remaining := time.Until(endTime)
+	if remaining < 0 {
+		return 0
+	}
+	return remaining
+}
+
+func (cm *CooldownManager) GetCooldownReason(tokenKey string) string {
+	cm.mu.RLock()
+	defer cm.mu.RUnlock()
+	return cm.reasons[tokenKey]
+}
+
+func (cm *CooldownManager) ClearCooldown(tokenKey string) {
+	cm.mu.Lock()
+	defer cm.mu.Unlock()
+	delete(cm.cooldowns, tokenKey)
+	delete(cm.reasons, tokenKey)
+}
+
+func (cm *CooldownManager) CleanupExpired() {
+	cm.mu.Lock()
+	defer cm.mu.Unlock()
+	now := time.Now()
+	for tokenKey, endTime := range cm.cooldowns {
+		if now.After(endTime) {
+			delete(cm.cooldowns, tokenKey)
+			delete(cm.reasons, tokenKey)
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+func (cm *CooldownManager) StartCleanupRoutine(interval time.Duration, stopCh <-chan struct{}) {
+	ticker := time.NewTicker(interval)
+	defer ticker.Stop()
+	for {
+		select {
+		case <-ticker.C:
+			cm.CleanupExpired()
+		case <-stopCh:
+			return
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+func CalculateCooldownFor429(retryCount int) time.Duration {
+	duration := DefaultShortCooldown * time.Duration(1<<retryCount)
+	if duration > MaxShortCooldown {
+		return MaxShortCooldown
+	}
+	return duration
+}
+
+func CalculateCooldownUntilNextDay() time.Duration {
+	now := time.Now()
+	nextDay := time.Date(now.Year(), now.Month(), now.Day()+1, 0, 0, 0, 0, now.Location())
+	return time.Until(nextDay)
+}

internal/auth/kiro/cooldown_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,240 @@
+package kiro
+
+import (
+	"sync"
+	"testing"
+	"time"
+)
+
+func TestNewCooldownManager(t *testing.T) {
+	cm := NewCooldownManager()
+	if cm == nil {
+		t.Fatal("expected non-nil CooldownManager")
+	}
+	if cm.cooldowns == nil {
+		t.Error("expected non-nil cooldowns map")
+	}
+	if cm.reasons == nil {
+		t.Error("expected non-nil reasons map")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestSetCooldown(t *testing.T) {
+	cm := NewCooldownManager()
+	cm.SetCooldown("token1", 1*time.Minute, CooldownReason429)
+
+	if !cm.IsInCooldown("token1") {
+		t.Error("expected token to be in cooldown")
+	}
+	if cm.GetCooldownReason("token1") != CooldownReason429 {
+		t.Errorf("expected reason %s, got %s", CooldownReason429, cm.GetCooldownReason("token1"))
+	}
+}
+
+func TestIsInCooldown_NotSet(t *testing.T) {
+	cm := NewCooldownManager()
+	if cm.IsInCooldown("nonexistent") {
+		t.Error("expected non-existent token to not be in cooldown")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestIsInCooldown_Expired(t *testing.T) {
+	cm := NewCooldownManager()
+	cm.SetCooldown("token1", 1*time.Millisecond, CooldownReason429)
+
+	time.Sleep(10 * time.Millisecond)
+
+	if cm.IsInCooldown("token1") {
+		t.Error("expected expired cooldown to return false")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestGetRemainingCooldown(t *testing.T) {
+	cm := NewCooldownManager()
+	cm.SetCooldown("token1", 1*time.Second, CooldownReason429)
+
+	remaining := cm.GetRemainingCooldown("token1")
+	if remaining <= 0 || remaining > 1*time.Second {
+		t.Errorf("expected remaining cooldown between 0 and 1s, got %v", remaining)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestGetRemainingCooldown_NotSet(t *testing.T) {
+	cm := NewCooldownManager()
+	remaining := cm.GetRemainingCooldown("nonexistent")
+	if remaining != 0 {
+		t.Errorf("expected 0 remaining for non-existent, got %v", remaining)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestGetRemainingCooldown_Expired(t *testing.T) {
+	cm := NewCooldownManager()
+	cm.SetCooldown("token1", 1*time.Millisecond, CooldownReason429)
+
+	time.Sleep(10 * time.Millisecond)
+
+	remaining := cm.GetRemainingCooldown("token1")
+	if remaining != 0 {
+		t.Errorf("expected 0 remaining for expired, got %v", remaining)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestGetCooldownReason(t *testing.T) {
+	cm := NewCooldownManager()
+	cm.SetCooldown("token1", 1*time.Minute, CooldownReasonSuspended)
+
+	reason := cm.GetCooldownReason("token1")
+	if reason != CooldownReasonSuspended {
+		t.Errorf("expected reason %s, got %s", CooldownReasonSuspended, reason)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestGetCooldownReason_NotSet(t *testing.T) {
+	cm := NewCooldownManager()
+	reason := cm.GetCooldownReason("nonexistent")
+	if reason != "" {
+		t.Errorf("expected empty reason for non-existent, got %s", reason)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestClearCooldown(t *testing.T) {
+	cm := NewCooldownManager()
+	cm.SetCooldown("token1", 1*time.Minute, CooldownReason429)
+	cm.ClearCooldown("token1")
+
+	if cm.IsInCooldown("token1") {
+		t.Error("expected cooldown to be cleared")
+	}
+	if cm.GetCooldownReason("token1") != "" {
+		t.Error("expected reason to be cleared")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestClearCooldown_NonExistent(t *testing.T) {
+	cm := NewCooldownManager()
+	cm.ClearCooldown("nonexistent")
+}
+
+func TestCleanupExpired(t *testing.T) {
+	cm := NewCooldownManager()
+	cm.SetCooldown("expired1", 1*time.Millisecond, CooldownReason429)
+	cm.SetCooldown("expired2", 1*time.Millisecond, CooldownReason429)
+	cm.SetCooldown("active", 1*time.Hour, CooldownReason429)
+
+	time.Sleep(10 * time.Millisecond)
+	cm.CleanupExpired()
+
+	if cm.GetCooldownReason("expired1") != "" {
+		t.Error("expected expired1 to be cleaned up")
+	}
+	if cm.GetCooldownReason("expired2") != "" {
+		t.Error("expected expired2 to be cleaned up")
+	}
+	if cm.GetCooldownReason("active") != CooldownReason429 {
+		t.Error("expected active to remain")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestCalculateCooldownFor429_FirstRetry(t *testing.T) {
+	duration := CalculateCooldownFor429(0)
+	if duration != DefaultShortCooldown {
+		t.Errorf("expected %v for retry 0, got %v", DefaultShortCooldown, duration)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestCalculateCooldownFor429_Exponential(t *testing.T) {
+	d1 := CalculateCooldownFor429(1)
+	d2 := CalculateCooldownFor429(2)
+
+	if d2 <= d1 {
+		t.Errorf("expected d2 > d1, got d1=%v, d2=%v", d1, d2)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestCalculateCooldownFor429_MaxCap(t *testing.T) {
+	duration := CalculateCooldownFor429(10)
+	if duration > MaxShortCooldown {
+		t.Errorf("expected max %v, got %v", MaxShortCooldown, duration)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestCalculateCooldownUntilNextDay(t *testing.T) {
+	duration := CalculateCooldownUntilNextDay()
+	if duration <= 0 || duration > 24*time.Hour {
+		t.Errorf("expected duration between 0 and 24h, got %v", duration)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestCooldownManager_ConcurrentAccess(t *testing.T) {
+	cm := NewCooldownManager()
+	const numGoroutines = 50
+	const numOperations = 100
+
+	var wg sync.WaitGroup
+	wg.Add(numGoroutines)
+
+	for i := 0; i < numGoroutines; i++ {
+		go func(id int) {
+			defer wg.Done()
+			tokenKey := "token" + string(rune('a'+id%10))
+			for j := 0; j < numOperations; j++ {
+				switch j % 6 {
+				case 0:
+					cm.SetCooldown(tokenKey, time.Duration(j)*time.Millisecond, CooldownReason429)
+				case 1:
+					cm.IsInCooldown(tokenKey)
+				case 2:
+					cm.GetRemainingCooldown(tokenKey)
+				case 3:
+					cm.GetCooldownReason(tokenKey)
+				case 4:
+					cm.ClearCooldown(tokenKey)
+				case 5:
+					cm.CleanupExpired()
+				}
+			}
+		}(i)
+	}
+
+	wg.Wait()
+}
+
+func TestCooldownReasonConstants(t *testing.T) {
+	if CooldownReason429 != "rate_limit_exceeded" {
+		t.Errorf("unexpected CooldownReason429: %s", CooldownReason429)
+	}
+	if CooldownReasonSuspended != "account_suspended" {
+		t.Errorf("unexpected CooldownReasonSuspended: %s", CooldownReasonSuspended)
+	}
+	if CooldownReasonQuotaExhausted != "quota_exhausted" {
+		t.Errorf("unexpected CooldownReasonQuotaExhausted: %s", CooldownReasonQuotaExhausted)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestDefaultConstants(t *testing.T) {
+	if DefaultShortCooldown != 1*time.Minute {
+		t.Errorf("unexpected DefaultShortCooldown: %v", DefaultShortCooldown)
+	}
+	if MaxShortCooldown != 5*time.Minute {
+		t.Errorf("unexpected MaxShortCooldown: %v", MaxShortCooldown)
+	}
+	if LongCooldown != 24*time.Hour {
+		t.Errorf("unexpected LongCooldown: %v", LongCooldown)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestSetCooldown_OverwritesPrevious(t *testing.T) {
+	cm := NewCooldownManager()
+	cm.SetCooldown("token1", 1*time.Hour, CooldownReason429)
+	cm.SetCooldown("token1", 1*time.Minute, CooldownReasonSuspended)
+
+	reason := cm.GetCooldownReason("token1")
+	if reason != CooldownReasonSuspended {
+		t.Errorf("expected reason to be overwritten to %s, got %s", CooldownReasonSuspended, reason)
+	}
+
+	remaining := cm.GetRemainingCooldown("token1")
+	if remaining > 1*time.Minute {
+		t.Errorf("expected remaining <= 1 minute, got %v", remaining)
+	}
+}

internal/auth/kiro/fingerprint.go

@@ -0,0 +1,278 @@
+package kiro
+
+import (
+	"crypto/sha256"
+	"encoding/binary"
+	"encoding/hex"
+	"fmt"
+	"math/rand"
+	"net/http"
+	"runtime"
+	"slices"
+	"sync"
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/google/uuid"
+)
+
+// Fingerprint holds multi-dimensional fingerprint data for runtime request disguise.
+type Fingerprint struct {
+	OIDCSDKVersion      string // 3.7xx (AWS SDK JS)
+	RuntimeSDKVersion   string // 1.0.x (runtime API)
+	StreamingSDKVersion string // 1.0.x (streaming API)
+	OSType              string // darwin/windows/linux
+	OSVersion           string
+	NodeVersion         string
+	KiroVersion         string
+	KiroHash            string // SHA256
+}
+
+// FingerprintConfig holds external fingerprint overrides.
+type FingerprintConfig struct {
+	OIDCSDKVersion      string
+	RuntimeSDKVersion   string
+	StreamingSDKVersion string
+	OSType              string
+	OSVersion           string
+	NodeVersion         string
+	KiroVersion         string
+	KiroHash            string
+}
+
+// FingerprintManager manages per-account fingerprint generation and caching.
+type FingerprintManager struct {
+	mu           sync.RWMutex
+	fingerprints map[string]*Fingerprint // tokenKey -> fingerprint
+	rng          *rand.Rand
+	config       *FingerprintConfig // External config (Optional)
+}
+
+var (
+	// SDK versions
+	oidcSDKVersions = []string{
+		"3.980.0", "3.975.0", "3.972.0", "3.808.0",
+		"3.738.0", "3.737.0", "3.736.0", "3.735.0",
+	}
+	// SDKVersions for getUsageLimits/ListAvailableModels/GetProfile (runtime API)
+	runtimeSDKVersions = []string{"1.0.0"}
+	// SDKVersions for generateAssistantResponse (streaming API)
+	streamingSDKVersions = []string{"1.0.27"}
+	// Valid OS types
+	osTypes = []string{"darwin", "windows", "linux"}
+	// OS versions
+	osVersions = map[string][]string{
+		"darwin":  {"25.2.0", "25.1.0", "25.0.0", "24.5.0", "24.4.0", "24.3.0"},
+		"windows": {"10.0.26200", "10.0.26100", "10.0.22631", "10.0.22621", "10.0.19045"},
+		"linux":   {"6.12.0", "6.11.0", "6.8.0", "6.6.0", "6.5.0", "6.1.0"},
+	}
+	// Node versions
+	nodeVersions = []string{
+		"22.21.1", "22.21.0", "22.20.0", "22.19.0", "22.18.0",
+		"20.18.0", "20.17.0", "20.16.0",
+	}
+	// Kiro IDE versions
+	kiroVersions = []string{
+		"0.10.32", "0.10.16", "0.10.10",
+		"0.9.47", "0.9.40", "0.9.2",
+		"0.8.206", "0.8.140", "0.8.135", "0.8.86",
+	}
+	// Global singleton
+	globalFingerprintManager     *FingerprintManager
+	globalFingerprintManagerOnce sync.Once
+)
+
+func GlobalFingerprintManager() *FingerprintManager {
+	globalFingerprintManagerOnce.Do(func() {
+		globalFingerprintManager = NewFingerprintManager()
+	})
+	return globalFingerprintManager
+}
+
+func SetGlobalFingerprintConfig(cfg *FingerprintConfig) {
+	GlobalFingerprintManager().SetConfig(cfg)
+}
+
+// SetConfig applies the config and clears the fingerprint cache.
+func (fm *FingerprintManager) SetConfig(cfg *FingerprintConfig) {
+	fm.mu.Lock()
+	defer fm.mu.Unlock()
+	fm.config = cfg
+	// Clear cached fingerprints so they regenerate with the new config
+	fm.fingerprints = make(map[string]*Fingerprint)
+}
+
+func NewFingerprintManager() *FingerprintManager {
+	return &FingerprintManager{
+		fingerprints: make(map[string]*Fingerprint),
+		rng:          rand.New(rand.NewSource(time.Now().UnixNano())),
+	}
+}
+
+// GetFingerprint returns the fingerprint for tokenKey, creating one if it doesn't exist.
+func (fm *FingerprintManager) GetFingerprint(tokenKey string) *Fingerprint {
+	fm.mu.RLock()
+	if fp, exists := fm.fingerprints[tokenKey]; exists {
+		fm.mu.RUnlock()
+		return fp
+	}
+	fm.mu.RUnlock()
+
+	fm.mu.Lock()
+	defer fm.mu.Unlock()
+
+	if fp, exists := fm.fingerprints[tokenKey]; exists {
+		return fp
+	}
+
+	fp := fm.generateFingerprint(tokenKey)
+	fm.fingerprints[tokenKey] = fp
+	return fp
+}
+
+func (fm *FingerprintManager) generateFingerprint(tokenKey string) *Fingerprint {
+	if fm.config != nil {
+		return fm.generateFromConfig(tokenKey)
+	}
+	return fm.generateRandom(tokenKey)
+}
+
+// generateFromConfig uses config values, falling back to random for empty fields.
+func (fm *FingerprintManager) generateFromConfig(tokenKey string) *Fingerprint {
+	cfg := fm.config
+
+	// Helper: config value or random selection
+	configOrRandom := func(configVal string, choices []string) string {
+		if configVal != "" {
+			return configVal
+		}
+		return choices[fm.rng.Intn(len(choices))]
+	}
+
+	osType := cfg.OSType
+	if osType == "" {
+		osType = runtime.GOOS
+		if !slices.Contains(osTypes, osType) {
+			osType = osTypes[fm.rng.Intn(len(osTypes))]
+		}
+	}
+
+	osVersion := cfg.OSVersion
+	if osVersion == "" {
+		if versions, ok := osVersions[osType]; ok {
+			osVersion = versions[fm.rng.Intn(len(versions))]
+		}
+	}
+
+	kiroHash := cfg.KiroHash
+	if kiroHash == "" {
+		hash := sha256.Sum256([]byte(tokenKey))
+		kiroHash = hex.EncodeToString(hash[:])
+	}
+
+	return &Fingerprint{
+		OIDCSDKVersion:      configOrRandom(cfg.OIDCSDKVersion, oidcSDKVersions),
+		RuntimeSDKVersion:   configOrRandom(cfg.RuntimeSDKVersion, runtimeSDKVersions),
+		StreamingSDKVersion: configOrRandom(cfg.StreamingSDKVersion, streamingSDKVersions),
+		OSType:              osType,
+		OSVersion:           osVersion,
+		NodeVersion:         configOrRandom(cfg.NodeVersion, nodeVersions),
+		KiroVersion:         configOrRandom(cfg.KiroVersion, kiroVersions),
+		KiroHash:            kiroHash,
+	}
+}
+
+// generateRandom generates a deterministic fingerprint seeded by accountKey hash.
+func (fm *FingerprintManager) generateRandom(accountKey string) *Fingerprint {
+	// Use accountKey hash as seed for deterministic random selection
+	hash := sha256.Sum256([]byte(accountKey))
+	seed := int64(binary.BigEndian.Uint64(hash[:8]))
+	rng := rand.New(rand.NewSource(seed))
+
+	osType := runtime.GOOS
+	if !slices.Contains(osTypes, osType) {
+		osType = osTypes[rng.Intn(len(osTypes))]
+	}
+	osVersion := osVersions[osType][rng.Intn(len(osVersions[osType]))]
+
+	return &Fingerprint{
+		OIDCSDKVersion:      oidcSDKVersions[rng.Intn(len(oidcSDKVersions))],
+		RuntimeSDKVersion:   runtimeSDKVersions[rng.Intn(len(runtimeSDKVersions))],
+		StreamingSDKVersion: streamingSDKVersions[rng.Intn(len(streamingSDKVersions))],
+		OSType:              osType,
+		OSVersion:           osVersion,
+		NodeVersion:         nodeVersions[rng.Intn(len(nodeVersions))],
+		KiroVersion:         kiroVersions[rng.Intn(len(kiroVersions))],
+		KiroHash:            hex.EncodeToString(hash[:]),
+	}
+}
+
+// GenerateAccountKey returns a 16-char hex key derived from SHA256(seed).
+func GenerateAccountKey(seed string) string {
+	hash := sha256.Sum256([]byte(seed))
+	return hex.EncodeToString(hash[:8])
+}
+
+// GetAccountKey derives an account key from clientID > refreshToken > random UUID.
+func GetAccountKey(clientID, refreshToken string) string {
+	// 1. Prefer ClientID
+	if clientID != "" {
+		return GenerateAccountKey(clientID)
+	}
+
+	// 2. Fallback to RefreshToken
+	if refreshToken != "" {
+		return GenerateAccountKey(refreshToken)
+	}
+
+	// 3. Random fallback
+	return GenerateAccountKey(uuid.New().String())
+}
+
+// BuildUserAgent format: aws-sdk-js/{SDKVersion} ua/2.1 os/{OSType}#{OSVersion} lang/js md/nodejs#{NodeVersion} api/codewhispererstreaming#{SDKVersion} m/E KiroIDE-{KiroVersion}-{KiroHash}
+func (fp *Fingerprint) BuildUserAgent() string {
+	return fmt.Sprintf(
+		"aws-sdk-js/%s ua/2.1 os/%s#%s lang/js md/nodejs#%s api/codewhispererstreaming#%s m/E KiroIDE-%s-%s",
+		fp.StreamingSDKVersion,
+		fp.OSType,
+		fp.OSVersion,
+		fp.NodeVersion,
+		fp.StreamingSDKVersion,
+		fp.KiroVersion,
+		fp.KiroHash,
+	)
+}
+
+// BuildAmzUserAgent format: aws-sdk-js/{SDKVersion} KiroIDE-{KiroVersion}-{KiroHash}
+func (fp *Fingerprint) BuildAmzUserAgent() string {
+	return fmt.Sprintf(
+		"aws-sdk-js/%s KiroIDE-%s-%s",
+		fp.StreamingSDKVersion,
+		fp.KiroVersion,
+		fp.KiroHash,
+	)
+}
+
+func SetOIDCHeaders(req *http.Request) {
+	fp := GlobalFingerprintManager().GetFingerprint("oidc-session")
+	req.Header.Set("Content-Type", "application/json")
+	req.Header.Set("x-amz-user-agent", fmt.Sprintf("aws-sdk-js/%s KiroIDE", fp.OIDCSDKVersion))
+	req.Header.Set("User-Agent", fmt.Sprintf(
+		"aws-sdk-js/%s ua/2.1 os/%s#%s lang/js md/nodejs#%s api/%s#%s m/E KiroIDE",
+		fp.OIDCSDKVersion, fp.OSType, fp.OSVersion, fp.NodeVersion, "sso-oidc", fp.OIDCSDKVersion))
+	req.Header.Set("amz-sdk-invocation-id", uuid.New().String())
+	req.Header.Set("amz-sdk-request", "attempt=1; max=4")
+}
+
+func setRuntimeHeaders(req *http.Request, accessToken string, accountKey string) {
+	fp := GlobalFingerprintManager().GetFingerprint(accountKey)
+	machineID := fp.KiroHash
+	req.Header.Set("Authorization", "Bearer "+accessToken)
+	req.Header.Set("x-amz-user-agent", fmt.Sprintf("aws-sdk-js/%s KiroIDE-%s-%s",
+		fp.RuntimeSDKVersion, fp.KiroVersion, machineID))
+	req.Header.Set("User-Agent", fmt.Sprintf(
+		"aws-sdk-js/%s ua/2.1 os/%s#%s lang/js md/nodejs#%s api/codewhispererruntime#%s m/N,E KiroIDE-%s-%s",
+		fp.RuntimeSDKVersion, fp.OSType, fp.OSVersion, fp.NodeVersion, fp.RuntimeSDKVersion,
+		fp.KiroVersion, machineID))
+	req.Header.Set("amz-sdk-invocation-id", uuid.New().String())
+	req.Header.Set("amz-sdk-request", "attempt=1; max=1")
+}

internal/auth/kiro/fingerprint_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,778 @@
+package kiro
+
+import (
+	"net/http"
+	"runtime"
+	"strings"
+	"sync"
+	"testing"
+)
+
+func TestNewFingerprintManager(t *testing.T) {
+	fm := NewFingerprintManager()
+	if fm == nil {
+		t.Fatal("expected non-nil FingerprintManager")
+	}
+	if fm.fingerprints == nil {
+		t.Error("expected non-nil fingerprints map")
+	}
+	if fm.rng == nil {
+		t.Error("expected non-nil rng")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestGetFingerprint_NewToken(t *testing.T) {
+	fm := NewFingerprintManager()
+	fp := fm.GetFingerprint("token1")
+
+	if fp == nil {
+		t.Fatal("expected non-nil Fingerprint")
+	}
+	if fp.OIDCSDKVersion == "" {
+		t.Error("expected non-empty OIDCSDKVersion")
+	}
+	if fp.RuntimeSDKVersion == "" {
+		t.Error("expected non-empty RuntimeSDKVersion")
+	}
+	if fp.StreamingSDKVersion == "" {
+		t.Error("expected non-empty StreamingSDKVersion")
+	}
+	if fp.OSType == "" {
+		t.Error("expected non-empty OSType")
+	}
+	if fp.OSVersion == "" {
+		t.Error("expected non-empty OSVersion")
+	}
+	if fp.NodeVersion == "" {
+		t.Error("expected non-empty NodeVersion")
+	}
+	if fp.KiroVersion == "" {
+		t.Error("expected non-empty KiroVersion")
+	}
+	if fp.KiroHash == "" {
+		t.Error("expected non-empty KiroHash")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestGetFingerprint_SameTokenReturnsSameFingerprint(t *testing.T) {
+	fm := NewFingerprintManager()
+	fp1 := fm.GetFingerprint("token1")
+	fp2 := fm.GetFingerprint("token1")
+
+	if fp1 != fp2 {
+		t.Error("expected same fingerprint for same token")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestGetFingerprint_DifferentTokens(t *testing.T) {
+	fm := NewFingerprintManager()
+	fp1 := fm.GetFingerprint("token1")
+	fp2 := fm.GetFingerprint("token2")
+
+	if fp1 == fp2 {
+		t.Error("expected different fingerprints for different tokens")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestBuildUserAgent(t *testing.T) {
+	fm := NewFingerprintManager()
+	fp := fm.GetFingerprint("token1")
+
+	ua := fp.BuildUserAgent()
+	if ua == "" {
+		t.Error("expected non-empty User-Agent")
+	}
+
+	amzUA := fp.BuildAmzUserAgent()
+	if amzUA == "" {
+		t.Error("expected non-empty X-Amz-User-Agent")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestGetFingerprint_OSVersionMatchesOSType(t *testing.T) {
+	fm := NewFingerprintManager()
+
+	for i := 0; i < 20; i++ {
+		fp := fm.GetFingerprint("token" + string(rune('a'+i)))
+		validVersions := osVersions[fp.OSType]
+		found := false
+		for _, v := range validVersions {
+			if v == fp.OSVersion {
+				found = true
+				break
+			}
+		}
+		if !found {
+			t.Errorf("OS version %s not valid for OS type %s", fp.OSVersion, fp.OSType)
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+func TestGenerateFromConfig_OSTypeFromRuntimeGOOS(t *testing.T) {
+	fm := NewFingerprintManager()
+
+	// Set config with empty OSType to trigger runtime.GOOS fallback
+	fm.SetConfig(&FingerprintConfig{
+		OIDCSDKVersion: "3.738.0", // Set other fields to use config path
+	})
+
+	fp := fm.GetFingerprint("test-token")
+
+	// Expected OS type based on runtime.GOOS mapping
+	var expectedOS string
+	switch runtime.GOOS {
+	case "darwin":
+		expectedOS = "darwin"
+	case "windows":
+		expectedOS = "windows"
+	default:
+		expectedOS = "linux"
+	}
+
+	if fp.OSType != expectedOS {
+		t.Errorf("expected OSType '%s' from runtime.GOOS '%s', got '%s'",
+			expectedOS, runtime.GOOS, fp.OSType)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestFingerprintManager_ConcurrentAccess(t *testing.T) {
+	fm := NewFingerprintManager()
+	const numGoroutines = 100
+	const numOperations = 100
+
+	var wg sync.WaitGroup
+	wg.Add(numGoroutines)
+
+	for i := range numGoroutines {
+		go func(id int) {
+			defer wg.Done()
+			for j := range numOperations {
+				tokenKey := "token" + string(rune('a'+id%26))
+				switch j % 2 {
+				case 0:
+					fm.GetFingerprint(tokenKey)
+				case 1:
+					fp := fm.GetFingerprint(tokenKey)
+					_ = fp.BuildUserAgent()
+					_ = fp.BuildAmzUserAgent()
+				}
+			}
+		}(i)
+	}
+
+	wg.Wait()
+}
+
+func TestKiroHashStability(t *testing.T) {
+	fm := NewFingerprintManager()
+
+	// Same token should always return same hash
+	fp1 := fm.GetFingerprint("token1")
+	fp2 := fm.GetFingerprint("token1")
+	if fp1.KiroHash != fp2.KiroHash {
+		t.Errorf("same token should have same hash: %s vs %s", fp1.KiroHash, fp2.KiroHash)
+	}
+
+	// Different tokens should have different hashes
+	fp3 := fm.GetFingerprint("token2")
+	if fp1.KiroHash == fp3.KiroHash {
+		t.Errorf("different tokens should have different hashes")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestKiroHashFormat(t *testing.T) {
+	fm := NewFingerprintManager()
+	fp := fm.GetFingerprint("token1")
+
+	if len(fp.KiroHash) != 64 {
+		t.Errorf("expected KiroHash length 64 (SHA256 hex), got %d", len(fp.KiroHash))
+	}
+
+	for _, c := range fp.KiroHash {
+		if (c < '0' || c > '9') && (c < 'a' || c > 'f') {
+			t.Errorf("invalid hex character in KiroHash: %c", c)
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+func TestGlobalFingerprintManager(t *testing.T) {
+	fm1 := GlobalFingerprintManager()
+	fm2 := GlobalFingerprintManager()
+
+	if fm1 == nil {
+		t.Fatal("expected non-nil GlobalFingerprintManager")
+	}
+	if fm1 != fm2 {
+		t.Error("expected GlobalFingerprintManager to return same instance")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestSetOIDCHeaders(t *testing.T) {
+	req, _ := http.NewRequest("GET", "http://example.com", nil)
+	SetOIDCHeaders(req)
+
+	if req.Header.Get("Content-Type") != "application/json" {
+		t.Error("expected Content-Type header to be set")
+	}
+
+	amzUA := req.Header.Get("x-amz-user-agent")
+	if amzUA == "" {
+		t.Error("expected x-amz-user-agent header to be set")
+	}
+	if !strings.Contains(amzUA, "aws-sdk-js/") {
+		t.Errorf("x-amz-user-agent should contain aws-sdk-js: %s", amzUA)
+	}
+	if !strings.Contains(amzUA, "KiroIDE") {
+		t.Errorf("x-amz-user-agent should contain KiroIDE: %s", amzUA)
+	}
+
+	ua := req.Header.Get("User-Agent")
+	if ua == "" {
+		t.Error("expected User-Agent header to be set")
+	}
+	if !strings.Contains(ua, "api/sso-oidc") {
+		t.Errorf("User-Agent should contain api name: %s", ua)
+	}
+
+	if req.Header.Get("amz-sdk-invocation-id") == "" {
+		t.Error("expected amz-sdk-invocation-id header to be set")
+	}
+	if req.Header.Get("amz-sdk-request") != "attempt=1; max=4" {
+		t.Errorf("unexpected amz-sdk-request header: %s", req.Header.Get("amz-sdk-request"))
+	}
+}
+
+func TestBuildURL(t *testing.T) {
+	tests := []struct {
+		name         string
+		endpoint     string
+		path         string
+		queryParams  map[string]string
+		want         string
+		wantContains []string
+	}{
+		{
+			name:        "no query params",
+			endpoint:    "https://api.example.com",
+			path:        "getUsageLimits",
+			queryParams: nil,
+			want:        "https://api.example.com/getUsageLimits",
+		},
+		{
+			name:        "empty query params",
+			endpoint:    "https://api.example.com",
+			path:        "getUsageLimits",
+			queryParams: map[string]string{},
+			want:        "https://api.example.com/getUsageLimits",
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "single query param",
+			endpoint: "https://api.example.com",
+			path:     "getUsageLimits",
+			queryParams: map[string]string{
+				"origin": "AI_EDITOR",
+			},
+			want: "https://api.example.com/getUsageLimits?origin=AI_EDITOR",
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "multiple query params",
+			endpoint: "https://api.example.com",
+			path:     "getUsageLimits",
+			queryParams: map[string]string{
+				"origin":       "AI_EDITOR",
+				"resourceType": "AGENTIC_REQUEST",
+				"profileArn":   "arn:aws:codewhisperer:us-east-1:123456789012:profile/ABCDEF",
+			},
+			wantContains: []string{
+				"https://api.example.com/getUsageLimits?",
+				"origin=AI_EDITOR",
+				"profileArn=arn%3Aaws%3Acodewhisperer%3Aus-east-1%3A123456789012%3Aprofile%2FABCDEF",
+				"resourceType=AGENTIC_REQUEST",
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "omit empty params",
+			endpoint: "https://api.example.com",
+			path:     "getUsageLimits",
+			queryParams: map[string]string{
+				"origin":     "AI_EDITOR",
+				"profileArn": "",
+			},
+			want: "https://api.example.com/getUsageLimits?origin=AI_EDITOR",
+		},
+	}
+
+	for _, tt := range tests {
+		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			got := buildURL(tt.endpoint, tt.path, tt.queryParams)
+			if tt.want != "" {
+				if got != tt.want {
+					t.Errorf("buildURL() = %v, want %v", got, tt.want)
+				}
+			}
+			if tt.wantContains != nil {
+				for _, substr := range tt.wantContains {
+					if !strings.Contains(got, substr) {
+						t.Errorf("buildURL() = %v, want to contain %v", got, substr)
+					}
+				}
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+func TestBuildUserAgentFormat(t *testing.T) {
+	fm := NewFingerprintManager()
+	fp := fm.GetFingerprint("token1")
+
+	ua := fp.BuildUserAgent()
+	requiredParts := []string{
+		"aws-sdk-js/",
+		"ua/2.1",
+		"os/",
+		"lang/js",
+		"md/nodejs#",
+		"api/codewhispererstreaming#",
+		"m/E",
+		"KiroIDE-",
+	}
+	for _, part := range requiredParts {
+		if !strings.Contains(ua, part) {
+			t.Errorf("User-Agent missing required part %q: %s", part, ua)
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+func TestBuildAmzUserAgentFormat(t *testing.T) {
+	fm := NewFingerprintManager()
+	fp := fm.GetFingerprint("token1")
+
+	amzUA := fp.BuildAmzUserAgent()
+	requiredParts := []string{
+		"aws-sdk-js/",
+		"KiroIDE-",
+	}
+	for _, part := range requiredParts {
+		if !strings.Contains(amzUA, part) {
+			t.Errorf("X-Amz-User-Agent missing required part %q: %s", part, amzUA)
+		}
+	}
+
+	// Amz-User-Agent should be shorter than User-Agent
+	ua := fp.BuildUserAgent()
+	if len(amzUA) >= len(ua) {
+		t.Error("X-Amz-User-Agent should be shorter than User-Agent")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestSetRuntimeHeaders(t *testing.T) {
+	req, _ := http.NewRequest("GET", "http://example.com", nil)
+	accessToken := "test-access-token-1234567890"
+	clientID := "test-client-id-12345"
+	accountKey := GenerateAccountKey(clientID)
+	fp := GlobalFingerprintManager().GetFingerprint(accountKey)
+	machineID := fp.KiroHash
+
+	setRuntimeHeaders(req, accessToken, accountKey)
+
+	// Check Authorization header
+	if req.Header.Get("Authorization") != "Bearer "+accessToken {
+		t.Errorf("expected Authorization header 'Bearer %s', got '%s'", accessToken, req.Header.Get("Authorization"))
+	}
+
+	// Check x-amz-user-agent header
+	amzUA := req.Header.Get("x-amz-user-agent")
+	if amzUA == "" {
+		t.Error("expected x-amz-user-agent header to be set")
+	}
+	if !strings.Contains(amzUA, "aws-sdk-js/") {
+		t.Errorf("x-amz-user-agent should contain aws-sdk-js: %s", amzUA)
+	}
+	if !strings.Contains(amzUA, "KiroIDE-") {
+		t.Errorf("x-amz-user-agent should contain KiroIDE: %s", amzUA)
+	}
+	if !strings.Contains(amzUA, machineID) {
+		t.Errorf("x-amz-user-agent should contain machineID: %s", amzUA)
+	}
+
+	// Check User-Agent header
+	ua := req.Header.Get("User-Agent")
+	if ua == "" {
+		t.Error("expected User-Agent header to be set")
+	}
+	if !strings.Contains(ua, "api/codewhispererruntime#") {
+		t.Errorf("User-Agent should contain api/codewhispererruntime: %s", ua)
+	}
+	if !strings.Contains(ua, "m/N,E") {
+		t.Errorf("User-Agent should contain m/N,E: %s", ua)
+	}
+
+	// Check amz-sdk-invocation-id (should be a UUID)
+	invocationID := req.Header.Get("amz-sdk-invocation-id")
+	if invocationID == "" {
+		t.Error("expected amz-sdk-invocation-id header to be set")
+	}
+	if len(invocationID) != 36 {
+		t.Errorf("expected amz-sdk-invocation-id to be UUID (36 chars), got %d", len(invocationID))
+	}
+
+	// Check amz-sdk-request
+	if req.Header.Get("amz-sdk-request") != "attempt=1; max=1" {
+		t.Errorf("unexpected amz-sdk-request header: %s", req.Header.Get("amz-sdk-request"))
+	}
+}
+
+func TestSDKVersionsAreValid(t *testing.T) {
+	// Verify all OIDC SDK versions match expected format (3.xxx.x)
+	for _, v := range oidcSDKVersions {
+		if !strings.HasPrefix(v, "3.") {
+			t.Errorf("OIDC SDK version should start with 3.: %s", v)
+		}
+		parts := strings.Split(v, ".")
+		if len(parts) != 3 {
+			t.Errorf("OIDC SDK version should have 3 parts: %s", v)
+		}
+	}
+
+	for _, v := range runtimeSDKVersions {
+		parts := strings.Split(v, ".")
+		if len(parts) != 3 {
+			t.Errorf("Runtime SDK version should have 3 parts: %s", v)
+		}
+	}
+
+	for _, v := range streamingSDKVersions {
+		parts := strings.Split(v, ".")
+		if len(parts) != 3 {
+			t.Errorf("Streaming SDK version should have 3 parts: %s", v)
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+func TestKiroVersionsAreValid(t *testing.T) {
+	// Verify all Kiro versions match expected format (0.x.xxx)
+	for _, v := range kiroVersions {
+		if !strings.HasPrefix(v, "0.") {
+			t.Errorf("Kiro version should start with 0.: %s", v)
+		}
+		parts := strings.Split(v, ".")
+		if len(parts) != 3 {
+			t.Errorf("Kiro version should have 3 parts: %s", v)
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+func TestNodeVersionsAreValid(t *testing.T) {
+	// Verify all Node versions match expected format (xx.xx.x)
+	for _, v := range nodeVersions {
+		parts := strings.Split(v, ".")
+		if len(parts) != 3 {
+			t.Errorf("Node version should have 3 parts: %s", v)
+		}
+		// Should be Node 20.x or 22.x
+		if !strings.HasPrefix(v, "20.") && !strings.HasPrefix(v, "22.") {
+			t.Errorf("Node version should be 20.x or 22.x LTS: %s", v)
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+func TestFingerprintManager_SetConfig(t *testing.T) {
+	fm := NewFingerprintManager()
+
+	// Without config, should generate random fingerprint
+	fp1 := fm.GetFingerprint("token1")
+	if fp1 == nil {
+		t.Fatal("expected non-nil fingerprint")
+	}
+
+	// Set config with all fields
+	cfg := &FingerprintConfig{
+		OIDCSDKVersion:      "3.999.0",
+		RuntimeSDKVersion:   "9.9.9",
+		StreamingSDKVersion: "8.8.8",
+		OSType:              "darwin",
+		OSVersion:           "99.0.0",
+		NodeVersion:         "99.99.99",
+		KiroVersion:         "9.9.999",
+		KiroHash:            "customhash123",
+	}
+	fm.SetConfig(cfg)
+
+	// After setting config, should use config values
+	fp2 := fm.GetFingerprint("token2")
+	if fp2.OIDCSDKVersion != "3.999.0" {
+		t.Errorf("expected OIDCSDKVersion '3.999.0', got '%s'", fp2.OIDCSDKVersion)
+	}
+	if fp2.RuntimeSDKVersion != "9.9.9" {
+		t.Errorf("expected RuntimeSDKVersion '9.9.9', got '%s'", fp2.RuntimeSDKVersion)
+	}
+	if fp2.StreamingSDKVersion != "8.8.8" {
+		t.Errorf("expected StreamingSDKVersion '8.8.8', got '%s'", fp2.StreamingSDKVersion)
+	}
+	if fp2.OSType != "darwin" {
+		t.Errorf("expected OSType 'darwin', got '%s'", fp2.OSType)
+	}
+	if fp2.OSVersion != "99.0.0" {
+		t.Errorf("expected OSVersion '99.0.0', got '%s'", fp2.OSVersion)
+	}
+	if fp2.NodeVersion != "99.99.99" {
+		t.Errorf("expected NodeVersion '99.99.99', got '%s'", fp2.NodeVersion)
+	}
+	if fp2.KiroVersion != "9.9.999" {
+		t.Errorf("expected KiroVersion '9.9.999', got '%s'", fp2.KiroVersion)
+	}
+	if fp2.KiroHash != "customhash123" {
+		t.Errorf("expected KiroHash 'customhash123', got '%s'", fp2.KiroHash)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestFingerprintManager_SetConfig_PartialFields(t *testing.T) {
+	fm := NewFingerprintManager()
+
+	// Set config with only some fields
+	cfg := &FingerprintConfig{
+		KiroVersion: "1.2.345",
+		KiroHash:    "myhash",
+		// Other fields empty - should use random
+	}
+	fm.SetConfig(cfg)
+
+	fp := fm.GetFingerprint("token1")
+
+	// Configured fields should use config values
+	if fp.KiroVersion != "1.2.345" {
+		t.Errorf("expected KiroVersion '1.2.345', got '%s'", fp.KiroVersion)
+	}
+	if fp.KiroHash != "myhash" {
+		t.Errorf("expected KiroHash 'myhash', got '%s'", fp.KiroHash)
+	}
+
+	// Empty fields should be randomly selected (non-empty)
+	if fp.OIDCSDKVersion == "" {
+		t.Error("expected non-empty OIDCSDKVersion")
+	}
+	if fp.OSType == "" {
+		t.Error("expected non-empty OSType")
+	}
+	if fp.NodeVersion == "" {
+		t.Error("expected non-empty NodeVersion")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestFingerprintManager_SetConfig_ClearsCache(t *testing.T) {
+	fm := NewFingerprintManager()
+
+	// Get fingerprint before config
+	fp1 := fm.GetFingerprint("token1")
+	originalHash := fp1.KiroHash
+
+	// Set config
+	cfg := &FingerprintConfig{
+		KiroHash: "newcustomhash",
+	}
+	fm.SetConfig(cfg)
+
+	// Same token should now return different fingerprint (cache cleared)
+	fp2 := fm.GetFingerprint("token1")
+	if fp2.KiroHash == originalHash {
+		t.Error("expected cache to be cleared after SetConfig")
+	}
+	if fp2.KiroHash != "newcustomhash" {
+		t.Errorf("expected KiroHash 'newcustomhash', got '%s'", fp2.KiroHash)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestGenerateAccountKey(t *testing.T) {
+	tests := []struct {
+		name  string
+		seed  string
+		check func(t *testing.T, result string)
+	}{
+		{
+			name: "Empty seed",
+			seed: "",
+			check: func(t *testing.T, result string) {
+				if result == "" {
+					t.Error("expected non-empty result for empty seed")
+				}
+				if len(result) != 16 {
+					t.Errorf("expected 16 char hex string, got %d chars", len(result))
+				}
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			name: "Simple seed",
+			seed: "test-client-id",
+			check: func(t *testing.T, result string) {
+				if len(result) != 16 {
+					t.Errorf("expected 16 char hex string, got %d chars", len(result))
+				}
+				// Verify it's valid hex
+				for _, c := range result {
+					if (c < '0' || c > '9') && (c < 'a' || c > 'f') {
+						t.Errorf("invalid hex character: %c", c)
+					}
+				}
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			name: "Same seed produces same result",
+			seed: "deterministic-seed",
+			check: func(t *testing.T, result string) {
+				result2 := GenerateAccountKey("deterministic-seed")
+				if result != result2 {
+					t.Errorf("same seed should produce same result: %s vs %s", result, result2)
+				}
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			name: "Different seeds produce different results",
+			seed: "seed-one",
+			check: func(t *testing.T, result string) {
+				result2 := GenerateAccountKey("seed-two")
+				if result == result2 {
+					t.Errorf("different seeds should produce different results: %s vs %s", result, result2)
+				}
+			},
+		},
+	}
+
+	for _, tt := range tests {
+		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			result := GenerateAccountKey(tt.seed)
+			tt.check(t, result)
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+func TestGetAccountKey(t *testing.T) {
+	tests := []struct {
+		name         string
+		clientID     string
+		refreshToken string
+		check        func(t *testing.T, result string)
+	}{
+		{
+			name:         "Priority 1: clientID when both provided",
+			clientID:     "client-id-123",
+			refreshToken: "refresh-token-456",
+			check: func(t *testing.T, result string) {
+				expected := GenerateAccountKey("client-id-123")
+				if result != expected {
+					t.Errorf("expected clientID-based key %s, got %s", expected, result)
+				}
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			name:         "Priority 2: refreshToken when clientID is empty",
+			clientID:     "",
+			refreshToken: "refresh-token-789",
+			check: func(t *testing.T, result string) {
+				expected := GenerateAccountKey("refresh-token-789")
+				if result != expected {
+					t.Errorf("expected refreshToken-based key %s, got %s", expected, result)
+				}
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			name:         "Priority 3: random when both empty",
+			clientID:     "",
+			refreshToken: "",
+			check: func(t *testing.T, result string) {
+				if len(result) != 16 {
+					t.Errorf("expected 16 char key, got %d chars", len(result))
+				}
+				// Should be different each time (random UUID)
+				result2 := GetAccountKey("", "")
+				if result == result2 {
+					t.Log("warning: random keys are the same (possible but unlikely)")
+				}
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			name:         "clientID only",
+			clientID:     "solo-client-id",
+			refreshToken: "",
+			check: func(t *testing.T, result string) {
+				expected := GenerateAccountKey("solo-client-id")
+				if result != expected {
+					t.Errorf("expected clientID-based key %s, got %s", expected, result)
+				}
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			name:         "refreshToken only",
+			clientID:     "",
+			refreshToken: "solo-refresh-token",
+			check: func(t *testing.T, result string) {
+				expected := GenerateAccountKey("solo-refresh-token")
+				if result != expected {
+					t.Errorf("expected refreshToken-based key %s, got %s", expected, result)
+				}
+			},
+		},
+	}
+
+	for _, tt := range tests {
+		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			result := GetAccountKey(tt.clientID, tt.refreshToken)
+			tt.check(t, result)
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+func TestGetAccountKey_Deterministic(t *testing.T) {
+	// Verify that GetAccountKey produces deterministic results for same inputs
+	clientID := "test-client-id-abc"
+	refreshToken := "test-refresh-token-xyz"
+
+	// Call multiple times with same inputs
+	results := make([]string, 10)
+	for i := range 10 {
+		results[i] = GetAccountKey(clientID, refreshToken)
+	}
+
+	// All results should be identical
+	for i := 1; i < 10; i++ {
+		if results[i] != results[0] {
+			t.Errorf("GetAccountKey should be deterministic: got %s and %s", results[0], results[i])
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+func TestFingerprintDeterministic(t *testing.T) {
+	// Verify that fingerprints are deterministic based on accountKey
+	fm := NewFingerprintManager()
+
+	accountKey := GenerateAccountKey("test-client-id")
+
+	// Get fingerprint multiple times
+	fp1 := fm.GetFingerprint(accountKey)
+	fp2 := fm.GetFingerprint(accountKey)
+
+	// Should be the same pointer (cached)
+	if fp1 != fp2 {
+		t.Error("expected same fingerprint pointer for same key")
+	}
+
+	// Create new manager and verify same values
+	fm2 := NewFingerprintManager()
+	fp3 := fm2.GetFingerprint(accountKey)
+
+	// Values should be identical (deterministic generation)
+	if fp1.KiroHash != fp3.KiroHash {
+		t.Errorf("KiroHash should be deterministic: %s vs %s", fp1.KiroHash, fp3.KiroHash)
+	}
+	if fp1.OSType != fp3.OSType {
+		t.Errorf("OSType should be deterministic: %s vs %s", fp1.OSType, fp3.OSType)
+	}
+	if fp1.OSVersion != fp3.OSVersion {
+		t.Errorf("OSVersion should be deterministic: %s vs %s", fp1.OSVersion, fp3.OSVersion)
+	}
+	if fp1.KiroVersion != fp3.KiroVersion {
+		t.Errorf("KiroVersion should be deterministic: %s vs %s", fp1.KiroVersion, fp3.KiroVersion)
+	}
+	if fp1.NodeVersion != fp3.NodeVersion {
+		t.Errorf("NodeVersion should be deterministic: %s vs %s", fp1.NodeVersion, fp3.NodeVersion)
+	}
+}

internal/auth/kiro/jitter.go

@@ -0,0 +1,174 @@
+package kiro
+
+import (
+	"math/rand"
+	"sync"
+	"time"
+)
+
+// Jitter configuration constants
+const (
+	// JitterPercent is the default percentage of jitter to apply (±30%)
+	JitterPercent = 0.30
+
+	// Human-like delay ranges
+	ShortDelayMin  = 50 * time.Millisecond  // Minimum for rapid consecutive operations
+	ShortDelayMax  = 200 * time.Millisecond // Maximum for rapid consecutive operations
+	NormalDelayMin = 1 * time.Second        // Minimum for normal thinking time
+	NormalDelayMax = 3 * time.Second        // Maximum for normal thinking time
+	LongDelayMin   = 5 * time.Second        // Minimum for reading/resting
+	LongDelayMax   = 10 * time.Second       // Maximum for reading/resting
+
+	// Probability thresholds for human-like behavior
+	ShortDelayProbability  = 0.20 // 20% chance of short delay (consecutive ops)
+	LongDelayProbability   = 0.05 // 5% chance of long delay (reading/resting)
+	NormalDelayProbability = 0.75 // 75% chance of normal delay (thinking)
+)
+
+var (
+	jitterRand     *rand.Rand
+	jitterRandOnce sync.Once
+	jitterMu       sync.Mutex
+	lastRequestTime time.Time
+)
+
+// initJitterRand initializes the random number generator for jitter calculations.
+// Uses a time-based seed for unpredictable but reproducible randomness.
+func initJitterRand() {
+	jitterRandOnce.Do(func() {
+		jitterRand = rand.New(rand.NewSource(time.Now().UnixNano()))
+	})
+}
+
+// RandomDelay generates a random delay between min and max duration.
+// Thread-safe implementation using mutex protection.
+func RandomDelay(min, max time.Duration) time.Duration {
+	initJitterRand()
+	jitterMu.Lock()
+	defer jitterMu.Unlock()
+
+	if min >= max {
+		return min
+	}
+
+	rangeMs := max.Milliseconds() - min.Milliseconds()
+	randomMs := jitterRand.Int63n(rangeMs)
+	return min + time.Duration(randomMs)*time.Millisecond
+}
+
+// JitterDelay adds jitter to a base delay.
+// Applies ±jitterPercent variation to the base delay.
+// For example, JitterDelay(1*time.Second, 0.30) returns a value between 700ms and 1300ms.
+func JitterDelay(baseDelay time.Duration, jitterPercent float64) time.Duration {
+	initJitterRand()
+	jitterMu.Lock()
+	defer jitterMu.Unlock()
+
+	if jitterPercent <= 0 || jitterPercent > 1 {
+		jitterPercent = JitterPercent
+	}
+
+	// Calculate jitter range: base * jitterPercent
+	jitterRange := float64(baseDelay) * jitterPercent
+
+	// Generate random value in range [-jitterRange, +jitterRange]
+	jitter := (jitterRand.Float64()*2 - 1) * jitterRange
+
+	result := time.Duration(float64(baseDelay) + jitter)
+	if result < 0 {
+		return 0
+	}
+	return result
+}
+
+// JitterDelayDefault applies the default ±30% jitter to a base delay.
+func JitterDelayDefault(baseDelay time.Duration) time.Duration {
+	return JitterDelay(baseDelay, JitterPercent)
+}
+
+// HumanLikeDelay generates a delay that mimics human behavior patterns.
+// The delay is selected based on probability distribution:
+//   - 20% chance: Short delay (50-200ms) - simulates consecutive rapid operations
+//   - 75% chance: Normal delay (1-3s) - simulates thinking/reading time
+//   - 5% chance: Long delay (5-10s) - simulates breaks/reading longer content
+//
+// Returns the delay duration (caller should call time.Sleep with this value).
+func HumanLikeDelay() time.Duration {
+	initJitterRand()
+	jitterMu.Lock()
+	defer jitterMu.Unlock()
+
+	// Track time since last request for adaptive behavior
+	now := time.Now()
+	timeSinceLastRequest := now.Sub(lastRequestTime)
+	lastRequestTime = now
+
+	// If requests are very close together, use short delay
+	if timeSinceLastRequest < 500*time.Millisecond && timeSinceLastRequest > 0 {
+		rangeMs := ShortDelayMax.Milliseconds() - ShortDelayMin.Milliseconds()
+		randomMs := jitterRand.Int63n(rangeMs)
+		return ShortDelayMin + time.Duration(randomMs)*time.Millisecond
+	}
+
+	// Otherwise, use probability-based selection
+	roll := jitterRand.Float64()
+
+	var min, max time.Duration
+	switch {
+	case roll < ShortDelayProbability:
+		// Short delay - consecutive operations
+		min, max = ShortDelayMin, ShortDelayMax
+	case roll < ShortDelayProbability+LongDelayProbability:
+		// Long delay - reading/resting
+		min, max = LongDelayMin, LongDelayMax
+	default:
+		// Normal delay - thinking time
+		min, max = NormalDelayMin, NormalDelayMax
+	}
+
+	rangeMs := max.Milliseconds() - min.Milliseconds()
+	randomMs := jitterRand.Int63n(rangeMs)
+	return min + time.Duration(randomMs)*time.Millisecond
+}
+
+// ApplyHumanLikeDelay applies human-like delay by sleeping.
+// This is a convenience function that combines HumanLikeDelay with time.Sleep.
+func ApplyHumanLikeDelay() {
+	delay := HumanLikeDelay()
+	if delay > 0 {
+		time.Sleep(delay)
+	}
+}
+
+// ExponentialBackoffWithJitter calculates retry delay using exponential backoff with jitter.
+// Formula: min(baseDelay * 2^attempt + jitter, maxDelay)
+// This helps prevent thundering herd problem when multiple clients retry simultaneously.
+func ExponentialBackoffWithJitter(attempt int, baseDelay, maxDelay time.Duration) time.Duration {
+	if attempt < 0 {
+		attempt = 0
+	}
+
+	// Calculate exponential backoff: baseDelay * 2^attempt
+	backoff := baseDelay * time.Duration(1<<uint(attempt))
+	if backoff > maxDelay {
+		backoff = maxDelay
+	}
+
+	// Add ±30% jitter
+	return JitterDelay(backoff, JitterPercent)
+}
+
+// ShouldSkipDelay determines if delay should be skipped based on context.
+// Returns true for streaming responses, WebSocket connections, etc.
+// This function can be extended to check additional skip conditions.
+func ShouldSkipDelay(isStreaming bool) bool {
+	return isStreaming
+}
+
+// ResetLastRequestTime resets the last request time tracker.
+// Useful for testing or when starting a new session.
+func ResetLastRequestTime() {
+	jitterMu.Lock()
+	defer jitterMu.Unlock()
+	lastRequestTime = time.Time{}
+}

internal/auth/kiro/metrics.go

@@ -0,0 +1,187 @@
+package kiro
+
+import (
+	"math"
+	"sync"
+	"time"
+)
+
+// TokenMetrics holds performance metrics for a single token.
+type TokenMetrics struct {
+	SuccessRate    float64   // Success rate (0.0 - 1.0)
+	AvgLatency     float64   // Average latency in milliseconds
+	QuotaRemaining float64   // Remaining quota (0.0 - 1.0)
+	LastUsed       time.Time // Last usage timestamp
+	FailCount      int       // Consecutive failure count
+	TotalRequests  int       // Total request count
+	successCount   int       // Internal: successful request count
+	totalLatency   float64   // Internal: cumulative latency
+}
+
+// TokenScorer manages token metrics and scoring.
+type TokenScorer struct {
+	mu      sync.RWMutex
+	metrics map[string]*TokenMetrics
+
+	// Scoring weights
+	successRateWeight    float64
+	quotaWeight          float64
+	latencyWeight        float64
+	lastUsedWeight       float64
+	failPenaltyMultiplier float64
+}
+
+// NewTokenScorer creates a new TokenScorer with default weights.
+func NewTokenScorer() *TokenScorer {
+	return &TokenScorer{
+		metrics:               make(map[string]*TokenMetrics),
+		successRateWeight:     0.4,
+		quotaWeight:           0.25,
+		latencyWeight:         0.2,
+		lastUsedWeight:        0.15,
+		failPenaltyMultiplier: 0.1,
+	}
+}
+
+// getOrCreateMetrics returns existing metrics or creates new ones.
+func (s *TokenScorer) getOrCreateMetrics(tokenKey string) *TokenMetrics {
+	if m, ok := s.metrics[tokenKey]; ok {
+		return m
+	}
+	m := &TokenMetrics{
+		SuccessRate:    1.0,
+		QuotaRemaining: 1.0,
+	}
+	s.metrics[tokenKey] = m
+	return m
+}
+
+// RecordRequest records the result of a request for a token.
+func (s *TokenScorer) RecordRequest(tokenKey string, success bool, latency time.Duration) {
+	s.mu.Lock()
+	defer s.mu.Unlock()
+
+	m := s.getOrCreateMetrics(tokenKey)
+	m.TotalRequests++
+	m.LastUsed = time.Now()
+	m.totalLatency += float64(latency.Milliseconds())
+
+	if success {
+		m.successCount++
+		m.FailCount = 0
+	} else {
+		m.FailCount++
+	}
+
+	// Update derived metrics
+	if m.TotalRequests > 0 {
+		m.SuccessRate = float64(m.successCount) / float64(m.TotalRequests)
+		m.AvgLatency = m.totalLatency / float64(m.TotalRequests)
+	}
+}
+
+// SetQuotaRemaining updates the remaining quota for a token.
+func (s *TokenScorer) SetQuotaRemaining(tokenKey string, quota float64) {
+	s.mu.Lock()
+	defer s.mu.Unlock()
+
+	m := s.getOrCreateMetrics(tokenKey)
+	m.QuotaRemaining = quota
+}
+
+// GetMetrics returns a copy of the metrics for a token.
+func (s *TokenScorer) GetMetrics(tokenKey string) *TokenMetrics {
+	s.mu.RLock()
+	defer s.mu.RUnlock()
+
+	if m, ok := s.metrics[tokenKey]; ok {
+		copy := *m
+		return &copy
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+// CalculateScore computes the score for a token (higher is better).
+func (s *TokenScorer) CalculateScore(tokenKey string) float64 {
+	s.mu.RLock()
+	defer s.mu.RUnlock()
+
+	m, ok := s.metrics[tokenKey]
+	if !ok {
+		return 1.0 // New tokens get a high initial score
+	}
+
+	// Success rate component (0-1)
+	successScore := m.SuccessRate
+
+	// Quota component (0-1)
+	quotaScore := m.QuotaRemaining
+
+	// Latency component (normalized, lower is better)
+	// Using exponential decay: score = e^(-latency/1000)
+	// 1000ms latency -> ~0.37 score, 100ms -> ~0.90 score
+	latencyScore := math.Exp(-m.AvgLatency / 1000.0)
+	if m.TotalRequests == 0 {
+		latencyScore = 1.0
+	}
+
+	// Last used component (prefer tokens not recently used)
+	// Score increases as time since last use increases
+	timeSinceUse := time.Since(m.LastUsed).Seconds()
+	// Normalize: 60 seconds -> ~0.63 score, 0 seconds -> 0 score
+	lastUsedScore := 1.0 - math.Exp(-timeSinceUse/60.0)
+	if m.LastUsed.IsZero() {
+		lastUsedScore = 1.0
+	}
+
+	// Calculate weighted score
+	score := s.successRateWeight*successScore +
+		s.quotaWeight*quotaScore +
+		s.latencyWeight*latencyScore +
+		s.lastUsedWeight*lastUsedScore
+
+	// Apply consecutive failure penalty
+	if m.FailCount > 0 {
+		penalty := s.failPenaltyMultiplier * float64(m.FailCount)
+		score = score * math.Max(0, 1.0-penalty)
+	}
+
+	return score
+}
+
+// SelectBestToken selects the token with the highest score.
+func (s *TokenScorer) SelectBestToken(tokens []string) string {
+	if len(tokens) == 0 {
+		return ""
+	}
+	if len(tokens) == 1 {
+		return tokens[0]
+	}
+
+	bestToken := tokens[0]
+	bestScore := s.CalculateScore(tokens[0])
+
+	for _, token := range tokens[1:] {
+		score := s.CalculateScore(token)
+		if score > bestScore {
+			bestScore = score
+			bestToken = token
+		}
+	}
+
+	return bestToken
+}
+
+// ResetMetrics clears all metrics for a token.
+func (s *TokenScorer) ResetMetrics(tokenKey string) {
+	s.mu.Lock()
+	defer s.mu.Unlock()
+	delete(s.metrics, tokenKey)
+}
+
+// ResetAllMetrics clears all stored metrics.
+func (s *TokenScorer) ResetAllMetrics() {
+	s.mu.Lock()
+	defer s.mu.Unlock()
+	s.metrics = make(map[string]*TokenMetrics)
+}

internal/auth/kiro/metrics_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,301 @@
+package kiro
+
+import (
+	"sync"
+	"testing"
+	"time"
+)
+
+func TestNewTokenScorer(t *testing.T) {
+	s := NewTokenScorer()
+	if s == nil {
+		t.Fatal("expected non-nil TokenScorer")
+	}
+	if s.metrics == nil {
+		t.Error("expected non-nil metrics map")
+	}
+	if s.successRateWeight != 0.4 {
+		t.Errorf("expected successRateWeight 0.4, got %f", s.successRateWeight)
+	}
+	if s.quotaWeight != 0.25 {
+		t.Errorf("expected quotaWeight 0.25, got %f", s.quotaWeight)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestRecordRequest_Success(t *testing.T) {
+	s := NewTokenScorer()
+	s.RecordRequest("token1", true, 100*time.Millisecond)
+
+	m := s.GetMetrics("token1")
+	if m == nil {
+		t.Fatal("expected non-nil metrics")
+	}
+	if m.TotalRequests != 1 {
+		t.Errorf("expected TotalRequests 1, got %d", m.TotalRequests)
+	}
+	if m.SuccessRate != 1.0 {
+		t.Errorf("expected SuccessRate 1.0, got %f", m.SuccessRate)
+	}
+	if m.FailCount != 0 {
+		t.Errorf("expected FailCount 0, got %d", m.FailCount)
+	}
+	if m.AvgLatency != 100 {
+		t.Errorf("expected AvgLatency 100, got %f", m.AvgLatency)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestRecordRequest_Failure(t *testing.T) {
+	s := NewTokenScorer()
+	s.RecordRequest("token1", false, 200*time.Millisecond)
+
+	m := s.GetMetrics("token1")
+	if m.SuccessRate != 0.0 {
+		t.Errorf("expected SuccessRate 0.0, got %f", m.SuccessRate)
+	}
+	if m.FailCount != 1 {
+		t.Errorf("expected FailCount 1, got %d", m.FailCount)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestRecordRequest_MixedResults(t *testing.T) {
+	s := NewTokenScorer()
+	s.RecordRequest("token1", true, 100*time.Millisecond)
+	s.RecordRequest("token1", true, 100*time.Millisecond)
+	s.RecordRequest("token1", false, 100*time.Millisecond)
+	s.RecordRequest("token1", true, 100*time.Millisecond)
+
+	m := s.GetMetrics("token1")
+	if m.TotalRequests != 4 {
+		t.Errorf("expected TotalRequests 4, got %d", m.TotalRequests)
+	}
+	if m.SuccessRate != 0.75 {
+		t.Errorf("expected SuccessRate 0.75, got %f", m.SuccessRate)
+	}
+	if m.FailCount != 0 {
+		t.Errorf("expected FailCount 0 (reset on success), got %d", m.FailCount)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestRecordRequest_ConsecutiveFailures(t *testing.T) {
+	s := NewTokenScorer()
+	s.RecordRequest("token1", true, 100*time.Millisecond)
+	s.RecordRequest("token1", false, 100*time.Millisecond)
+	s.RecordRequest("token1", false, 100*time.Millisecond)
+	s.RecordRequest("token1", false, 100*time.Millisecond)
+
+	m := s.GetMetrics("token1")
+	if m.FailCount != 3 {
+		t.Errorf("expected FailCount 3, got %d", m.FailCount)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestSetQuotaRemaining(t *testing.T) {
+	s := NewTokenScorer()
+	s.SetQuotaRemaining("token1", 0.5)
+
+	m := s.GetMetrics("token1")
+	if m.QuotaRemaining != 0.5 {
+		t.Errorf("expected QuotaRemaining 0.5, got %f", m.QuotaRemaining)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestGetMetrics_NonExistent(t *testing.T) {
+	s := NewTokenScorer()
+	m := s.GetMetrics("nonexistent")
+	if m != nil {
+		t.Error("expected nil metrics for non-existent token")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestGetMetrics_ReturnsCopy(t *testing.T) {
+	s := NewTokenScorer()
+	s.RecordRequest("token1", true, 100*time.Millisecond)
+
+	m1 := s.GetMetrics("token1")
+	m1.TotalRequests = 999
+
+	m2 := s.GetMetrics("token1")
+	if m2.TotalRequests == 999 {
+		t.Error("GetMetrics should return a copy")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestCalculateScore_NewToken(t *testing.T) {
+	s := NewTokenScorer()
+	score := s.CalculateScore("newtoken")
+	if score != 1.0 {
+		t.Errorf("expected score 1.0 for new token, got %f", score)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestCalculateScore_PerfectToken(t *testing.T) {
+	s := NewTokenScorer()
+	s.RecordRequest("token1", true, 50*time.Millisecond)
+	s.SetQuotaRemaining("token1", 1.0)
+
+	time.Sleep(100 * time.Millisecond)
+	score := s.CalculateScore("token1")
+	if score < 0.5 || score > 1.0 {
+		t.Errorf("expected high score for perfect token, got %f", score)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestCalculateScore_FailedToken(t *testing.T) {
+	s := NewTokenScorer()
+	for i := 0; i < 5; i++ {
+		s.RecordRequest("token1", false, 1000*time.Millisecond)
+	}
+	s.SetQuotaRemaining("token1", 0.1)
+
+	score := s.CalculateScore("token1")
+	if score > 0.5 {
+		t.Errorf("expected low score for failed token, got %f", score)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestCalculateScore_FailPenalty(t *testing.T) {
+	s := NewTokenScorer()
+	s.RecordRequest("token1", true, 100*time.Millisecond)
+	scoreNoFail := s.CalculateScore("token1")
+
+	s.RecordRequest("token1", false, 100*time.Millisecond)
+	s.RecordRequest("token1", false, 100*time.Millisecond)
+	scoreWithFail := s.CalculateScore("token1")
+
+	if scoreWithFail >= scoreNoFail {
+		t.Errorf("expected lower score with consecutive failures: noFail=%f, withFail=%f", scoreNoFail, scoreWithFail)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestSelectBestToken_Empty(t *testing.T) {
+	s := NewTokenScorer()
+	best := s.SelectBestToken([]string{})
+	if best != "" {
+		t.Errorf("expected empty string for empty tokens, got %s", best)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestSelectBestToken_SingleToken(t *testing.T) {
+	s := NewTokenScorer()
+	best := s.SelectBestToken([]string{"token1"})
+	if best != "token1" {
+		t.Errorf("expected token1, got %s", best)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestSelectBestToken_MultipleTokens(t *testing.T) {
+	s := NewTokenScorer()
+
+	s.RecordRequest("bad", false, 1000*time.Millisecond)
+	s.RecordRequest("bad", false, 1000*time.Millisecond)
+	s.SetQuotaRemaining("bad", 0.1)
+
+	s.RecordRequest("good", true, 50*time.Millisecond)
+	s.SetQuotaRemaining("good", 0.9)
+
+	time.Sleep(50 * time.Millisecond)
+
+	best := s.SelectBestToken([]string{"bad", "good"})
+	if best != "good" {
+		t.Errorf("expected good token to be selected, got %s", best)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestResetMetrics(t *testing.T) {
+	s := NewTokenScorer()
+	s.RecordRequest("token1", true, 100*time.Millisecond)
+	s.ResetMetrics("token1")
+
+	m := s.GetMetrics("token1")
+	if m != nil {
+		t.Error("expected nil metrics after reset")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestResetAllMetrics(t *testing.T) {
+	s := NewTokenScorer()
+	s.RecordRequest("token1", true, 100*time.Millisecond)
+	s.RecordRequest("token2", true, 100*time.Millisecond)
+	s.RecordRequest("token3", true, 100*time.Millisecond)
+
+	s.ResetAllMetrics()
+
+	if s.GetMetrics("token1") != nil {
+		t.Error("expected nil metrics for token1 after reset all")
+	}
+	if s.GetMetrics("token2") != nil {
+		t.Error("expected nil metrics for token2 after reset all")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestTokenScorer_ConcurrentAccess(t *testing.T) {
+	s := NewTokenScorer()
+	const numGoroutines = 50
+	const numOperations = 100
+
+	var wg sync.WaitGroup
+	wg.Add(numGoroutines)
+
+	for i := 0; i < numGoroutines; i++ {
+		go func(id int) {
+			defer wg.Done()
+			tokenKey := "token" + string(rune('a'+id%10))
+			for j := 0; j < numOperations; j++ {
+				switch j % 6 {
+				case 0:
+					s.RecordRequest(tokenKey, j%2 == 0, time.Duration(j)*time.Millisecond)
+				case 1:
+					s.SetQuotaRemaining(tokenKey, float64(j%100)/100)
+				case 2:
+					s.GetMetrics(tokenKey)
+				case 3:
+					s.CalculateScore(tokenKey)
+				case 4:
+					s.SelectBestToken([]string{tokenKey, "token_x", "token_y"})
+				case 5:
+					if j%20 == 0 {
+						s.ResetMetrics(tokenKey)
+					}
+				}
+			}
+		}(i)
+	}
+
+	wg.Wait()
+}
+
+func TestAvgLatencyCalculation(t *testing.T) {
+	s := NewTokenScorer()
+	s.RecordRequest("token1", true, 100*time.Millisecond)
+	s.RecordRequest("token1", true, 200*time.Millisecond)
+	s.RecordRequest("token1", true, 300*time.Millisecond)
+
+	m := s.GetMetrics("token1")
+	if m.AvgLatency != 200 {
+		t.Errorf("expected AvgLatency 200, got %f", m.AvgLatency)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestLastUsedUpdated(t *testing.T) {
+	s := NewTokenScorer()
+	before := time.Now()
+	s.RecordRequest("token1", true, 100*time.Millisecond)
+
+	m := s.GetMetrics("token1")
+	if m.LastUsed.Before(before) {
+		t.Error("expected LastUsed to be after test start time")
+	}
+	if m.LastUsed.After(time.Now()) {
+		t.Error("expected LastUsed to be before or equal to now")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestDefaultQuotaForNewToken(t *testing.T) {
+	s := NewTokenScorer()
+	s.RecordRequest("token1", true, 100*time.Millisecond)
+
+	m := s.GetMetrics("token1")
+	if m.QuotaRemaining != 1.0 {
+		t.Errorf("expected default QuotaRemaining 1.0, got %f", m.QuotaRemaining)
+	}
+}

internal/auth/kiro/oauth.go

@@ -0,0 +1,319 @@
+// Package kiro provides OAuth2 authentication for Kiro using native Google login.
+package kiro
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"crypto/rand"
+	"crypto/sha256"
+	"encoding/base64"
+	"encoding/json"
+	"fmt"
+	"html"
+	"io"
+	"net"
+	"net/http"
+	"strings"
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/router-for-me/CLIProxyAPI/v6/internal/config"
+	"github.com/router-for-me/CLIProxyAPI/v6/internal/util"
+	log "github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
+)
+
+const (
+	// Kiro auth endpoint
+	kiroAuthEndpoint = "https://prod.us-east-1.auth.desktop.kiro.dev"
+
+	// Default callback port
+	defaultCallbackPort = 9876
+
+	// Auth timeout
+	authTimeout = 10 * time.Minute
+)
+
+// KiroTokenResponse represents the response from Kiro token endpoint.
+type KiroTokenResponse struct {
+	AccessToken  string `json:"accessToken"`
+	RefreshToken string `json:"refreshToken"`
+	ProfileArn   string `json:"profileArn"`
+	ExpiresIn    int    `json:"expiresIn"`
+}
+
+// KiroOAuth handles the OAuth flow for Kiro authentication.
+type KiroOAuth struct {
+	httpClient  *http.Client
+	cfg         *config.Config
+	machineID   string
+	kiroVersion string
+}
+
+// NewKiroOAuth creates a new Kiro OAuth handler.
+func NewKiroOAuth(cfg *config.Config) *KiroOAuth {
+	client := &http.Client{Timeout: 30 * time.Second}
+	if cfg != nil {
+		client = util.SetProxy(&cfg.SDKConfig, client)
+	}
+	fp := GlobalFingerprintManager().GetFingerprint("login")
+	return &KiroOAuth{
+		httpClient:  client,
+		cfg:         cfg,
+		machineID:   fp.KiroHash,
+		kiroVersion: fp.KiroVersion,
+	}
+}
+
+// generateCodeVerifier generates a random code verifier for PKCE.
+func generateCodeVerifier() (string, error) {
+	b := make([]byte, 32)
+	if _, err := rand.Read(b); err != nil {
+		return "", err
+	}
+	return base64.RawURLEncoding.EncodeToString(b), nil
+}
+
+// generateCodeChallenge generates the code challenge from verifier.
+func generateCodeChallenge(verifier string) string {
+	h := sha256.Sum256([]byte(verifier))
+	return base64.RawURLEncoding.EncodeToString(h[:])
+}
+
+// generateState generates a random state parameter.
+func generateState() (string, error) {
+	b := make([]byte, 16)
+	if _, err := rand.Read(b); err != nil {
+		return "", err
+	}
+	return base64.RawURLEncoding.EncodeToString(b), nil
+}
+
+// AuthResult contains the authorization code and state from callback.
+type AuthResult struct {
+	Code  string
+	State string
+	Error string
+}
+
+// startCallbackServer starts a local HTTP server to receive the OAuth callback.
+func (o *KiroOAuth) startCallbackServer(ctx context.Context, expectedState string) (string, <-chan AuthResult, error) {
+	// Try to find an available port - use localhost like Kiro does
+	listener, err := net.Listen("tcp", fmt.Sprintf("localhost:%d", defaultCallbackPort))
+	if err != nil {
+		// Try with dynamic port (RFC 8252 allows dynamic ports for native apps)
+		log.Warnf("kiro oauth: default port %d is busy, falling back to dynamic port", defaultCallbackPort)
+		listener, err = net.Listen("tcp", "localhost:0")
+		if err != nil {
+			return "", nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to start callback server: %w", err)
+		}
+	}
+
+	port := listener.Addr().(*net.TCPAddr).Port
+	// Use http scheme for local callback server
+	redirectURI := fmt.Sprintf("http://localhost:%d/oauth/callback", port)
+	resultChan := make(chan AuthResult, 1)
+
+	server := &http.Server{
+		ReadHeaderTimeout: 10 * time.Second,
+	}
+
+	mux := http.NewServeMux()
+	mux.HandleFunc("/oauth/callback", func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
+		code := r.URL.Query().Get("code")
+		state := r.URL.Query().Get("state")
+		errParam := r.URL.Query().Get("error")
+
+		if errParam != "" {
+			w.Header().Set("Content-Type", "text/html")
+			w.WriteHeader(http.StatusBadRequest)
+			fmt.Fprintf(w, `<html><body><h1>Login Failed</h1><p>%s</p><p>You can close this window.</p></body></html>`, html.EscapeString(errParam))
+			resultChan <- AuthResult{Error: errParam}
+			return
+		}
+
+		if state != expectedState {
+			w.Header().Set("Content-Type", "text/html")
+			w.WriteHeader(http.StatusBadRequest)
+			fmt.Fprint(w, `<html><body><h1>Login Failed</h1><p>Invalid state parameter</p><p>You can close this window.</p></body></html>`)
+			resultChan <- AuthResult{Error: "state mismatch"}
+			return
+		}
+
+		w.Header().Set("Content-Type", "text/html")
+		fmt.Fprint(w, `<html><body><h1>Login Successful!</h1><p>You can close this window and return to the terminal.</p></body></html>`)
+		resultChan <- AuthResult{Code: code, State: state}
+	})
+
+	server.Handler = mux
+
+	go func() {
+		if err := server.Serve(listener); err != nil && err != http.ErrServerClosed {
+			log.Debugf("callback server error: %v", err)
+		}
+	}()
+
+	go func() {
+		select {
+		case <-ctx.Done():
+		case <-time.After(authTimeout):
+		case <-resultChan:
+		}
+		_ = server.Shutdown(context.Background())
+	}()
+
+	return redirectURI, resultChan, nil
+}
+
+// LoginWithBuilderID performs OAuth login with AWS Builder ID using device code flow.
+func (o *KiroOAuth) LoginWithBuilderID(ctx context.Context) (*KiroTokenData, error) {
+	ssoClient := NewSSOOIDCClient(o.cfg)
+	return ssoClient.LoginWithBuilderID(ctx)
+}
+
+// LoginWithBuilderIDAuthCode performs OAuth login with AWS Builder ID using authorization code flow.
+// This provides a better UX than device code flow as it uses automatic browser callback.
+func (o *KiroOAuth) LoginWithBuilderIDAuthCode(ctx context.Context) (*KiroTokenData, error) {
+	ssoClient := NewSSOOIDCClient(o.cfg)
+	return ssoClient.LoginWithBuilderIDAuthCode(ctx)
+}
+
+// exchangeCodeForToken exchanges the authorization code for tokens.
+func (o *KiroOAuth) exchangeCodeForToken(ctx context.Context, code, codeVerifier, redirectURI string) (*KiroTokenData, error) {
+	payload := map[string]string{
+		"code":          code,
+		"code_verifier": codeVerifier,
+		"redirect_uri":  redirectURI,
+	}
+
+	body, err := json.Marshal(payload)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to marshal request: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	tokenURL := kiroAuthEndpoint + "/oauth/token"
+	req, err := http.NewRequestWithContext(ctx, http.MethodPost, tokenURL, strings.NewReader(string(body)))
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to create request: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	req.Header.Set("Content-Type", "application/json")
+	req.Header.Set("User-Agent", fmt.Sprintf("KiroIDE-%s-%s", o.kiroVersion, o.machineID))
+	req.Header.Set("Accept", "application/json, text/plain, */*")
+
+	resp, err := o.httpClient.Do(req)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("token request failed: %w", err)
+	}
+	defer resp.Body.Close()
+
+	respBody, err := io.ReadAll(resp.Body)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to read response: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	if resp.StatusCode != http.StatusOK {
+		log.Debugf("token exchange failed (status %d): %s", resp.StatusCode, string(respBody))
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("token exchange failed (status %d)", resp.StatusCode)
+	}
+
+	var tokenResp KiroTokenResponse
+	if err := json.Unmarshal(respBody, &tokenResp); err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to parse token response: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	// Validate ExpiresIn - use default 1 hour if invalid
+	expiresIn := tokenResp.ExpiresIn
+	if expiresIn <= 0 {
+		expiresIn = 3600
+	}
+	expiresAt := time.Now().Add(time.Duration(expiresIn) * time.Second)
+
+	return &KiroTokenData{
+		AccessToken:  tokenResp.AccessToken,
+		RefreshToken: tokenResp.RefreshToken,
+		ProfileArn:   tokenResp.ProfileArn,
+		ExpiresAt:    expiresAt.Format(time.RFC3339),
+		AuthMethod:   "social",
+		Provider:     "", // Caller should preserve original provider
+		Region:       "us-east-1",
+	}, nil
+}
+
+// RefreshToken refreshes an expired access token.
+// Uses KiroIDE-style User-Agent to match official Kiro IDE behavior.
+func (o *KiroOAuth) RefreshToken(ctx context.Context, refreshToken string) (*KiroTokenData, error) {
+	return o.RefreshTokenWithFingerprint(ctx, refreshToken, "")
+}
+
+// RefreshTokenWithFingerprint refreshes an expired access token with a specific fingerprint.
+// tokenKey is used to generate a consistent fingerprint for the token.
+func (o *KiroOAuth) RefreshTokenWithFingerprint(ctx context.Context, refreshToken, tokenKey string) (*KiroTokenData, error) {
+	payload := map[string]string{
+		"refreshToken": refreshToken,
+	}
+
+	body, err := json.Marshal(payload)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to marshal request: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	refreshURL := kiroAuthEndpoint + "/refreshToken"
+	req, err := http.NewRequestWithContext(ctx, http.MethodPost, refreshURL, strings.NewReader(string(body)))
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to create request: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	req.Header.Set("Content-Type", "application/json")
+	req.Header.Set("User-Agent", fmt.Sprintf("KiroIDE-%s-%s", o.kiroVersion, o.machineID))
+	req.Header.Set("Accept", "application/json, text/plain, */*")
+
+	resp, err := o.httpClient.Do(req)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("refresh request failed: %w", err)
+	}
+	defer resp.Body.Close()
+
+	respBody, err := io.ReadAll(resp.Body)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to read response: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	if resp.StatusCode != http.StatusOK {
+		log.Debugf("token refresh failed (status %d): %s", resp.StatusCode, string(respBody))
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("token refresh failed (status %d): %s", resp.StatusCode, string(respBody))
+	}
+
+	var tokenResp KiroTokenResponse
+	if err := json.Unmarshal(respBody, &tokenResp); err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to parse token response: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	// Validate ExpiresIn - use default 1 hour if invalid
+	expiresIn := tokenResp.ExpiresIn
+	if expiresIn <= 0 {
+		expiresIn = 3600
+	}
+	expiresAt := time.Now().Add(time.Duration(expiresIn) * time.Second)
+
+	return &KiroTokenData{
+		AccessToken:  tokenResp.AccessToken,
+		RefreshToken: tokenResp.RefreshToken,
+		ProfileArn:   tokenResp.ProfileArn,
+		ExpiresAt:    expiresAt.Format(time.RFC3339),
+		AuthMethod:   "social",
+		Provider:     "", // Caller should preserve original provider
+		Region:       "us-east-1",
+	}, nil
+}
+
+// LoginWithGoogle performs OAuth login with Google using Kiro's social auth.
+// This uses a custom protocol handler (kiro://) to receive the callback.
+func (o *KiroOAuth) LoginWithGoogle(ctx context.Context) (*KiroTokenData, error) {
+	socialClient := NewSocialAuthClient(o.cfg)
+	return socialClient.LoginWithGoogle(ctx)
+}
+
+// LoginWithGitHub performs OAuth login with GitHub using Kiro's social auth.
+// This uses a custom protocol handler (kiro://) to receive the callback.
+func (o *KiroOAuth) LoginWithGitHub(ctx context.Context) (*KiroTokenData, error) {
+	socialClient := NewSocialAuthClient(o.cfg)
+	return socialClient.LoginWithGitHub(ctx)
+}

internal/auth/kiro/oauth_web.go

@@ -0,0 +1,975 @@
+// Package kiro provides OAuth Web authentication for Kiro.
+package kiro
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"crypto/rand"
+	"encoding/base64"
+	"encoding/json"
+	"fmt"
+	"html/template"
+	"net/http"
+	"os"
+	"path/filepath"
+	"strings"
+	"sync"
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/gin-gonic/gin"
+	"github.com/router-for-me/CLIProxyAPI/v6/internal/config"
+	"github.com/router-for-me/CLIProxyAPI/v6/internal/util"
+	log "github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
+)
+
+const (
+	defaultSessionExpiry = 10 * time.Minute
+	pollIntervalSeconds  = 5
+)
+
+type authSessionStatus string
+
+const (
+	statusPending authSessionStatus = "pending"
+	statusSuccess authSessionStatus = "success"
+	statusFailed  authSessionStatus = "failed"
+)
+
+type webAuthSession struct {
+	stateID         string
+	deviceCode      string
+	userCode        string
+	authURL         string
+	verificationURI string
+	expiresIn       int
+	interval        int
+	status          authSessionStatus
+	startedAt       time.Time
+	completedAt     time.Time
+	expiresAt       time.Time
+	error           string
+	tokenData       *KiroTokenData
+	ssoClient       *SSOOIDCClient
+	clientID        string
+	clientSecret    string
+	region          string
+	cancelFunc      context.CancelFunc
+	authMethod      string // "google", "github", "builder-id", "idc"
+	startURL        string // Used for IDC
+	codeVerifier    string // Used for social auth PKCE
+	codeChallenge   string // Used for social auth PKCE
+}
+
+type OAuthWebHandler struct {
+	cfg             *config.Config
+	sessions        map[string]*webAuthSession
+	mu              sync.RWMutex
+	onTokenObtained func(*KiroTokenData)
+}
+
+func NewOAuthWebHandler(cfg *config.Config) *OAuthWebHandler {
+	return &OAuthWebHandler{
+		cfg:      cfg,
+		sessions: make(map[string]*webAuthSession),
+	}
+}
+
+func (h *OAuthWebHandler) SetTokenCallback(callback func(*KiroTokenData)) {
+	h.onTokenObtained = callback
+}
+
+func (h *OAuthWebHandler) RegisterRoutes(router gin.IRouter) {
+	oauth := router.Group("/v0/oauth/kiro")
+	{
+		oauth.GET("", h.handleSelect)
+		oauth.GET("/start", h.handleStart)
+		oauth.GET("/callback", h.handleCallback)
+		oauth.GET("/social/callback", h.handleSocialCallback)
+		oauth.GET("/status", h.handleStatus)
+		oauth.POST("/import", h.handleImportToken)
+		oauth.POST("/refresh", h.handleManualRefresh)
+	}
+}
+
+func generateStateID() (string, error) {
+	b := make([]byte, 16)
+	if _, err := rand.Read(b); err != nil {
+		return "", err
+	}
+	return base64.RawURLEncoding.EncodeToString(b), nil
+}
+
+func (h *OAuthWebHandler) handleSelect(c *gin.Context) {
+	h.renderSelectPage(c)
+}
+
+func (h *OAuthWebHandler) handleStart(c *gin.Context) {
+	method := c.Query("method")
+
+	if method == "" {
+		c.Redirect(http.StatusFound, "/v0/oauth/kiro")
+		return
+	}
+
+	switch method {
+	case "google", "github":
+		// Google/GitHub social login is not supported for third-party apps
+		// due to AWS Cognito redirect_uri restrictions
+		h.renderError(c, "Google/GitHub login is not available for third-party applications. Please use AWS Builder ID or import your token from Kiro IDE.")
+	case "builder-id":
+		h.startBuilderIDAuth(c)
+	case "idc":
+		h.startIDCAuth(c)
+	default:
+		h.renderError(c, fmt.Sprintf("Unknown authentication method: %s", method))
+	}
+}
+
+func (h *OAuthWebHandler) startSocialAuth(c *gin.Context, method string) {
+	stateID, err := generateStateID()
+	if err != nil {
+		h.renderError(c, "Failed to generate state parameter")
+		return
+	}
+
+	codeVerifier, codeChallenge, err := generatePKCE()
+	if err != nil {
+		h.renderError(c, "Failed to generate PKCE parameters")
+		return
+	}
+
+	socialClient := NewSocialAuthClient(h.cfg)
+
+	var provider string
+	if method == "google" {
+		provider = string(ProviderGoogle)
+	} else {
+		provider = string(ProviderGitHub)
+	}
+
+	redirectURI := h.getSocialCallbackURL(c)
+	authURL := socialClient.buildLoginURL(provider, redirectURI, codeChallenge, stateID)
+
+	ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), 10*time.Minute)
+
+	session := &webAuthSession{
+		stateID:       stateID,
+		authMethod:    method,
+		authURL:       authURL,
+		status:        statusPending,
+		startedAt:     time.Now(),
+		expiresIn:     600,
+		codeVerifier:  codeVerifier,
+		codeChallenge: codeChallenge,
+		region:        "us-east-1",
+		cancelFunc:    cancel,
+	}
+
+	h.mu.Lock()
+	h.sessions[stateID] = session
+	h.mu.Unlock()
+
+	go func() {
+		<-ctx.Done()
+		h.mu.Lock()
+		if session.status == statusPending {
+			session.status = statusFailed
+			session.error = "Authentication timed out"
+		}
+		h.mu.Unlock()
+	}()
+
+	c.Redirect(http.StatusFound, authURL)
+}
+
+func (h *OAuthWebHandler) getSocialCallbackURL(c *gin.Context) string {
+	scheme := "http"
+	if c.Request.TLS != nil || c.GetHeader("X-Forwarded-Proto") == "https" {
+		scheme = "https"
+	}
+	return fmt.Sprintf("%s://%s/v0/oauth/kiro/social/callback", scheme, c.Request.Host)
+}
+
+func (h *OAuthWebHandler) startBuilderIDAuth(c *gin.Context) {
+	stateID, err := generateStateID()
+	if err != nil {
+		h.renderError(c, "Failed to generate state parameter")
+		return
+	}
+
+	region := defaultIDCRegion
+	startURL := builderIDStartURL
+
+	ssoClient := NewSSOOIDCClient(h.cfg)
+
+	regResp, err := ssoClient.RegisterClientWithRegion(c.Request.Context(), region)
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Errorf("OAuth Web: failed to register client: %v", err)
+		h.renderError(c, fmt.Sprintf("Failed to register client: %v", err))
+		return
+	}
+
+	authResp, err := ssoClient.StartDeviceAuthorizationWithIDC(
+		c.Request.Context(),
+		regResp.ClientID,
+		regResp.ClientSecret,
+		startURL,
+		region,
+	)
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Errorf("OAuth Web: failed to start device authorization: %v", err)
+		h.renderError(c, fmt.Sprintf("Failed to start device authorization: %v", err))
+		return
+	}
+
+	ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), time.Duration(authResp.ExpiresIn)*time.Second)
+
+	session := &webAuthSession{
+		stateID:         stateID,
+		deviceCode:      authResp.DeviceCode,
+		userCode:        authResp.UserCode,
+		authURL:         authResp.VerificationURIComplete,
+		verificationURI: authResp.VerificationURI,
+		expiresIn:       authResp.ExpiresIn,
+		interval:        authResp.Interval,
+		status:          statusPending,
+		startedAt:       time.Now(),
+		ssoClient:       ssoClient,
+		clientID:        regResp.ClientID,
+		clientSecret:    regResp.ClientSecret,
+		region:          region,
+		authMethod:      "builder-id",
+		startURL:        startURL,
+		cancelFunc:      cancel,
+	}
+
+	h.mu.Lock()
+	h.sessions[stateID] = session
+	h.mu.Unlock()
+
+	go h.pollForToken(ctx, session)
+
+	h.renderStartPage(c, session)
+}
+
+func (h *OAuthWebHandler) startIDCAuth(c *gin.Context) {
+	startURL := c.Query("startUrl")
+	region := c.Query("region")
+
+	if startURL == "" {
+		h.renderError(c, "Missing startUrl parameter for IDC authentication")
+		return
+	}
+	if region == "" {
+		region = defaultIDCRegion
+	}
+
+	stateID, err := generateStateID()
+	if err != nil {
+		h.renderError(c, "Failed to generate state parameter")
+		return
+	}
+
+	ssoClient := NewSSOOIDCClient(h.cfg)
+
+	regResp, err := ssoClient.RegisterClientWithRegion(c.Request.Context(), region)
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Errorf("OAuth Web: failed to register client: %v", err)
+		h.renderError(c, fmt.Sprintf("Failed to register client: %v", err))
+		return
+	}
+
+	authResp, err := ssoClient.StartDeviceAuthorizationWithIDC(
+		c.Request.Context(),
+		regResp.ClientID,
+		regResp.ClientSecret,
+		startURL,
+		region,
+	)
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Errorf("OAuth Web: failed to start device authorization: %v", err)
+		h.renderError(c, fmt.Sprintf("Failed to start device authorization: %v", err))
+		return
+	}
+
+	ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), time.Duration(authResp.ExpiresIn)*time.Second)
+
+	session := &webAuthSession{
+		stateID:         stateID,
+		deviceCode:      authResp.DeviceCode,
+		userCode:        authResp.UserCode,
+		authURL:         authResp.VerificationURIComplete,
+		verificationURI: authResp.VerificationURI,
+		expiresIn:       authResp.ExpiresIn,
+		interval:        authResp.Interval,
+		status:          statusPending,
+		startedAt:       time.Now(),
+		ssoClient:       ssoClient,
+		clientID:        regResp.ClientID,
+		clientSecret:    regResp.ClientSecret,
+		region:          region,
+		authMethod:      "idc",
+		startURL:        startURL,
+		cancelFunc:      cancel,
+	}
+
+	h.mu.Lock()
+	h.sessions[stateID] = session
+	h.mu.Unlock()
+
+	go h.pollForToken(ctx, session)
+
+	h.renderStartPage(c, session)
+}
+
+func (h *OAuthWebHandler) pollForToken(ctx context.Context, session *webAuthSession) {
+	defer session.cancelFunc()
+
+	interval := time.Duration(session.interval) * time.Second
+	if interval < time.Duration(pollIntervalSeconds)*time.Second {
+		interval = time.Duration(pollIntervalSeconds) * time.Second
+	}
+
+	ticker := time.NewTicker(interval)
+	defer ticker.Stop()
+
+	for {
+		select {
+		case <-ctx.Done():
+			h.mu.Lock()
+			if session.status == statusPending {
+				session.status = statusFailed
+				session.error = "Authentication timed out"
+			}
+			h.mu.Unlock()
+			return
+		case <-ticker.C:
+			tokenResp, err := h.ssoClient(session).CreateTokenWithRegion(
+				ctx,
+				session.clientID,
+				session.clientSecret,
+				session.deviceCode,
+				session.region,
+			)
+
+			if err != nil {
+				errStr := err.Error()
+				if errStr == ErrAuthorizationPending.Error() {
+					continue
+				}
+				if errStr == ErrSlowDown.Error() {
+					interval += 5 * time.Second
+					ticker.Reset(interval)
+					continue
+				}
+
+				h.mu.Lock()
+				session.status = statusFailed
+				session.error = errStr
+				session.completedAt = time.Now()
+				h.mu.Unlock()
+
+				log.Errorf("OAuth Web: token polling failed: %v", err)
+				return
+			}
+
+			expiresAt := time.Now().Add(time.Duration(tokenResp.ExpiresIn) * time.Second)
+
+			// Fetch profileArn for IDC
+			var profileArn string
+			if session.authMethod == "idc" {
+				profileArn = session.ssoClient.FetchProfileArn(ctx, tokenResp.AccessToken, session.clientID, tokenResp.RefreshToken)
+			}
+
+			email := FetchUserEmailWithFallback(ctx, h.cfg, tokenResp.AccessToken, session.clientID, tokenResp.RefreshToken)
+
+			tokenData := &KiroTokenData{
+				AccessToken:  tokenResp.AccessToken,
+				RefreshToken: tokenResp.RefreshToken,
+				ProfileArn:   profileArn,
+				ExpiresAt:    expiresAt.Format(time.RFC3339),
+				AuthMethod:   session.authMethod,
+				Provider:     "AWS",
+				ClientID:     session.clientID,
+				ClientSecret: session.clientSecret,
+				Email:        email,
+				Region:       session.region,
+				StartURL:     session.startURL,
+			}
+
+			h.mu.Lock()
+			session.status = statusSuccess
+			session.completedAt = time.Now()
+			session.expiresAt = expiresAt
+			session.tokenData = tokenData
+			h.mu.Unlock()
+
+			if h.onTokenObtained != nil {
+				h.onTokenObtained(tokenData)
+			}
+
+			// Save token to file
+			h.saveTokenToFile(tokenData)
+
+			log.Infof("OAuth Web: authentication successful for %s", email)
+			return
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+// saveTokenToFile saves the token data to the auth directory
+func (h *OAuthWebHandler) saveTokenToFile(tokenData *KiroTokenData) {
+	// Get auth directory from config or use default
+	authDir := ""
+	if h.cfg != nil && h.cfg.AuthDir != "" {
+		var err error
+		authDir, err = util.ResolveAuthDir(h.cfg.AuthDir)
+		if err != nil {
+			log.Errorf("OAuth Web: failed to resolve auth directory: %v", err)
+		}
+	}
+
+	// Fall back to default location
+	if authDir == "" {
+		home, err := os.UserHomeDir()
+		if err != nil {
+			log.Errorf("OAuth Web: failed to get home directory: %v", err)
+			return
+		}
+		authDir = filepath.Join(home, ".cli-proxy-api")
+	}
+
+	// Create directory if not exists
+	if err := os.MkdirAll(authDir, 0700); err != nil {
+		log.Errorf("OAuth Web: failed to create auth directory: %v", err)
+		return
+	}
+
+	// Generate filename using the unified function
+	fileName := GenerateTokenFileName(tokenData)
+
+	authFilePath := filepath.Join(authDir, fileName)
+
+	// Convert to storage format and save
+	storage := &KiroTokenStorage{
+		Type:         "kiro",
+		AccessToken:  tokenData.AccessToken,
+		RefreshToken: tokenData.RefreshToken,
+		ProfileArn:   tokenData.ProfileArn,
+		ExpiresAt:    tokenData.ExpiresAt,
+		AuthMethod:   tokenData.AuthMethod,
+		Provider:     tokenData.Provider,
+		LastRefresh:  time.Now().Format(time.RFC3339),
+		ClientID:     tokenData.ClientID,
+		ClientSecret: tokenData.ClientSecret,
+		Region:       tokenData.Region,
+		StartURL:     tokenData.StartURL,
+		Email:        tokenData.Email,
+	}
+
+	if err := storage.SaveTokenToFile(authFilePath); err != nil {
+		log.Errorf("OAuth Web: failed to save token to file: %v", err)
+		return
+	}
+
+	log.Infof("OAuth Web: token saved to %s", authFilePath)
+}
+
+func (h *OAuthWebHandler) ssoClient(session *webAuthSession) *SSOOIDCClient {
+	return session.ssoClient
+}
+
+func (h *OAuthWebHandler) handleCallback(c *gin.Context) {
+	stateID := c.Query("state")
+	errParam := c.Query("error")
+
+	if errParam != "" {
+		h.renderError(c, errParam)
+		return
+	}
+
+	if stateID == "" {
+		h.renderError(c, "Missing state parameter")
+		return
+	}
+
+	h.mu.RLock()
+	session, exists := h.sessions[stateID]
+	h.mu.RUnlock()
+
+	if !exists {
+		h.renderError(c, "Invalid or expired session")
+		return
+	}
+
+	if session.status == statusSuccess {
+		h.renderSuccess(c, session)
+	} else if session.status == statusFailed {
+		h.renderError(c, session.error)
+	} else {
+		c.Redirect(http.StatusFound, "/v0/oauth/kiro/start")
+	}
+}
+
+func (h *OAuthWebHandler) handleSocialCallback(c *gin.Context) {
+	stateID := c.Query("state")
+	code := c.Query("code")
+	errParam := c.Query("error")
+
+	if errParam != "" {
+		h.renderError(c, errParam)
+		return
+	}
+
+	if stateID == "" {
+		h.renderError(c, "Missing state parameter")
+		return
+	}
+
+	if code == "" {
+		h.renderError(c, "Missing authorization code")
+		return
+	}
+
+	h.mu.RLock()
+	session, exists := h.sessions[stateID]
+	h.mu.RUnlock()
+
+	if !exists {
+		h.renderError(c, "Invalid or expired session")
+		return
+	}
+
+	if session.authMethod != "google" && session.authMethod != "github" {
+		h.renderError(c, "Invalid session type for social callback")
+		return
+	}
+
+	socialClient := NewSocialAuthClient(h.cfg)
+	redirectURI := h.getSocialCallbackURL(c)
+
+	tokenReq := &CreateTokenRequest{
+		Code:         code,
+		CodeVerifier: session.codeVerifier,
+		RedirectURI:  redirectURI,
+	}
+
+	tokenResp, err := socialClient.CreateToken(c.Request.Context(), tokenReq)
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Errorf("OAuth Web: social token exchange failed: %v", err)
+		h.mu.Lock()
+		session.status = statusFailed
+		session.error = fmt.Sprintf("Token exchange failed: %v", err)
+		session.completedAt = time.Now()
+		h.mu.Unlock()
+		h.renderError(c, session.error)
+		return
+	}
+
+	expiresIn := tokenResp.ExpiresIn
+	if expiresIn <= 0 {
+		expiresIn = 3600
+	}
+	expiresAt := time.Now().Add(time.Duration(expiresIn) * time.Second)
+
+	email := ExtractEmailFromJWT(tokenResp.AccessToken)
+
+	var provider string
+	if session.authMethod == "google" {
+		provider = string(ProviderGoogle)
+	} else {
+		provider = string(ProviderGitHub)
+	}
+
+	tokenData := &KiroTokenData{
+		AccessToken:  tokenResp.AccessToken,
+		RefreshToken: tokenResp.RefreshToken,
+		ProfileArn:   tokenResp.ProfileArn,
+		ExpiresAt:    expiresAt.Format(time.RFC3339),
+		AuthMethod:   session.authMethod,
+		Provider:     provider,
+		Email:        email,
+		Region:       "us-east-1",
+	}
+
+	h.mu.Lock()
+	session.status = statusSuccess
+	session.completedAt = time.Now()
+	session.expiresAt = expiresAt
+	session.tokenData = tokenData
+	h.mu.Unlock()
+
+	if session.cancelFunc != nil {
+		session.cancelFunc()
+	}
+
+	if h.onTokenObtained != nil {
+		h.onTokenObtained(tokenData)
+	}
+
+	// Save token to file
+	h.saveTokenToFile(tokenData)
+
+	log.Infof("OAuth Web: social authentication successful for %s via %s", email, provider)
+	h.renderSuccess(c, session)
+}
+
+func (h *OAuthWebHandler) handleStatus(c *gin.Context) {
+	stateID := c.Query("state")
+	if stateID == "" {
+		c.JSON(http.StatusBadRequest, gin.H{"error": "missing state parameter"})
+		return
+	}
+
+	h.mu.RLock()
+	session, exists := h.sessions[stateID]
+	h.mu.RUnlock()
+
+	if !exists {
+		c.JSON(http.StatusNotFound, gin.H{"error": "session not found"})
+		return
+	}
+
+	response := gin.H{
+		"status": string(session.status),
+	}
+
+	switch session.status {
+	case statusPending:
+		elapsed := time.Since(session.startedAt).Seconds()
+		remaining := float64(session.expiresIn) - elapsed
+		if remaining < 0 {
+			remaining = 0
+		}
+		response["remaining_seconds"] = int(remaining)
+	case statusSuccess:
+		response["completed_at"] = session.completedAt.Format(time.RFC3339)
+		response["expires_at"] = session.expiresAt.Format(time.RFC3339)
+	case statusFailed:
+		response["error"] = session.error
+		response["failed_at"] = session.completedAt.Format(time.RFC3339)
+	}
+
+	c.JSON(http.StatusOK, response)
+}
+
+func (h *OAuthWebHandler) renderStartPage(c *gin.Context, session *webAuthSession) {
+	tmpl, err := template.New("start").Parse(oauthWebStartPageHTML)
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Errorf("OAuth Web: failed to parse template: %v", err)
+		c.String(http.StatusInternalServerError, "Template error")
+		return
+	}
+
+	data := map[string]interface{}{
+		"AuthURL":   session.authURL,
+		"UserCode":  session.userCode,
+		"ExpiresIn": session.expiresIn,
+		"StateID":   session.stateID,
+	}
+
+	c.Header("Content-Type", "text/html; charset=utf-8")
+	if err := tmpl.Execute(c.Writer, data); err != nil {
+		log.Errorf("OAuth Web: failed to render template: %v", err)
+	}
+}
+
+func (h *OAuthWebHandler) renderSelectPage(c *gin.Context) {
+	tmpl, err := template.New("select").Parse(oauthWebSelectPageHTML)
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Errorf("OAuth Web: failed to parse select template: %v", err)
+		c.String(http.StatusInternalServerError, "Template error")
+		return
+	}
+
+	c.Header("Content-Type", "text/html; charset=utf-8")
+	if err := tmpl.Execute(c.Writer, nil); err != nil {
+		log.Errorf("OAuth Web: failed to render select template: %v", err)
+	}
+}
+
+func (h *OAuthWebHandler) renderError(c *gin.Context, errMsg string) {
+	tmpl, err := template.New("error").Parse(oauthWebErrorPageHTML)
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Errorf("OAuth Web: failed to parse error template: %v", err)
+		c.String(http.StatusInternalServerError, "Template error")
+		return
+	}
+
+	data := map[string]interface{}{
+		"Error": errMsg,
+	}
+
+	c.Header("Content-Type", "text/html; charset=utf-8")
+	c.Status(http.StatusBadRequest)
+	if err := tmpl.Execute(c.Writer, data); err != nil {
+		log.Errorf("OAuth Web: failed to render error template: %v", err)
+	}
+}
+
+func (h *OAuthWebHandler) renderSuccess(c *gin.Context, session *webAuthSession) {
+	tmpl, err := template.New("success").Parse(oauthWebSuccessPageHTML)
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Errorf("OAuth Web: failed to parse success template: %v", err)
+		c.String(http.StatusInternalServerError, "Template error")
+		return
+	}
+
+	data := map[string]interface{}{
+		"ExpiresAt": session.expiresAt.Format(time.RFC3339),
+	}
+
+	c.Header("Content-Type", "text/html; charset=utf-8")
+	if err := tmpl.Execute(c.Writer, data); err != nil {
+		log.Errorf("OAuth Web: failed to render success template: %v", err)
+	}
+}
+
+func (h *OAuthWebHandler) CleanupExpiredSessions() {
+	h.mu.Lock()
+	defer h.mu.Unlock()
+
+	now := time.Now()
+	for id, session := range h.sessions {
+		if session.status != statusPending && now.Sub(session.completedAt) > 30*time.Minute {
+			delete(h.sessions, id)
+		} else if session.status == statusPending && now.Sub(session.startedAt) > defaultSessionExpiry {
+			session.cancelFunc()
+			delete(h.sessions, id)
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+func (h *OAuthWebHandler) GetSession(stateID string) (*webAuthSession, bool) {
+	h.mu.RLock()
+	defer h.mu.RUnlock()
+	session, exists := h.sessions[stateID]
+	return session, exists
+}
+
+// ImportTokenRequest represents the request body for token import
+type ImportTokenRequest struct {
+	RefreshToken string `json:"refreshToken"`
+}
+
+// handleImportToken handles manual refresh token import from Kiro IDE
+func (h *OAuthWebHandler) handleImportToken(c *gin.Context) {
+	var req ImportTokenRequest
+	if err := c.ShouldBindJSON(&req); err != nil {
+		c.JSON(http.StatusBadRequest, gin.H{
+			"success": false,
+			"error":   "Invalid request body",
+		})
+		return
+	}
+
+	refreshToken := strings.TrimSpace(req.RefreshToken)
+	if refreshToken == "" {
+		c.JSON(http.StatusBadRequest, gin.H{
+			"success": false,
+			"error":   "Refresh token is required",
+		})
+		return
+	}
+
+	// Validate token format
+	if !strings.HasPrefix(refreshToken, "aorAAAAAG") {
+		c.JSON(http.StatusBadRequest, gin.H{
+			"success": false,
+			"error":   "Invalid token format. Token should start with aorAAAAAG...",
+		})
+		return
+	}
+
+	// Create social auth client to refresh and validate the token
+	socialClient := NewSocialAuthClient(h.cfg)
+
+	// Refresh the token to validate it and get access token
+	tokenData, err := socialClient.RefreshSocialToken(c.Request.Context(), refreshToken)
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Errorf("OAuth Web: token refresh failed during import: %v", err)
+		c.JSON(http.StatusBadRequest, gin.H{
+			"success": false,
+			"error":   fmt.Sprintf("Token validation failed: %v", err),
+		})
+		return
+	}
+
+	// Set the original refresh token (the refreshed one might be empty)
+	if tokenData.RefreshToken == "" {
+		tokenData.RefreshToken = refreshToken
+	}
+	tokenData.AuthMethod = "social"
+	tokenData.Provider = "imported"
+
+	// Notify callback if set
+	if h.onTokenObtained != nil {
+		h.onTokenObtained(tokenData)
+	}
+
+	// Save token to file
+	h.saveTokenToFile(tokenData)
+
+	// Generate filename for response using the unified function
+	fileName := GenerateTokenFileName(tokenData)
+
+	log.Infof("OAuth Web: token imported successfully")
+	c.JSON(http.StatusOK, gin.H{
+		"success":  true,
+		"message":  "Token imported successfully",
+		"fileName": fileName,
+	})
+}
+
+// handleManualRefresh handles manual token refresh requests from the web UI.
+// This allows users to trigger a token refresh when needed, without waiting
+// for the automatic 30-second check and 20-minute-before-expiry refresh cycle.
+// Uses the same refresh logic as kiro_executor.Refresh for consistency.
+func (h *OAuthWebHandler) handleManualRefresh(c *gin.Context) {
+	authDir := ""
+	if h.cfg != nil && h.cfg.AuthDir != "" {
+		var err error
+		authDir, err = util.ResolveAuthDir(h.cfg.AuthDir)
+		if err != nil {
+			log.Errorf("OAuth Web: failed to resolve auth directory: %v", err)
+		}
+	}
+
+	if authDir == "" {
+		home, err := os.UserHomeDir()
+		if err != nil {
+			c.JSON(http.StatusInternalServerError, gin.H{
+				"success": false,
+				"error":   "Failed to get home directory",
+			})
+			return
+		}
+		authDir = filepath.Join(home, ".cli-proxy-api")
+	}
+
+	// Find all kiro token files in the auth directory
+	files, err := os.ReadDir(authDir)
+	if err != nil {
+		c.JSON(http.StatusInternalServerError, gin.H{
+			"success": false,
+			"error":   fmt.Sprintf("Failed to read auth directory: %v", err),
+		})
+		return
+	}
+
+	var refreshedCount int
+	var errors []string
+
+	for _, file := range files {
+		if file.IsDir() {
+			continue
+		}
+		name := file.Name()
+		if !strings.HasPrefix(name, "kiro-") || !strings.HasSuffix(name, ".json") {
+			continue
+		}
+
+		filePath := filepath.Join(authDir, name)
+		data, err := os.ReadFile(filePath)
+		if err != nil {
+			errors = append(errors, fmt.Sprintf("%s: read error - %v", name, err))
+			continue
+		}
+
+		var storage KiroTokenStorage
+		if err := json.Unmarshal(data, &storage); err != nil {
+			errors = append(errors, fmt.Sprintf("%s: parse error - %v", name, err))
+			continue
+		}
+
+		if storage.RefreshToken == "" {
+			errors = append(errors, fmt.Sprintf("%s: no refresh token", name))
+			continue
+		}
+
+		// Refresh token using the same logic as kiro_executor.Refresh
+		tokenData, err := h.refreshTokenData(c.Request.Context(), &storage)
+		if err != nil {
+			errors = append(errors, fmt.Sprintf("%s: refresh failed - %v", name, err))
+			continue
+		}
+
+		// Update storage with new token data
+		storage.AccessToken = tokenData.AccessToken
+		if tokenData.RefreshToken != "" {
+			storage.RefreshToken = tokenData.RefreshToken
+		}
+		storage.ExpiresAt = tokenData.ExpiresAt
+		storage.LastRefresh = time.Now().Format(time.RFC3339)
+		if tokenData.ProfileArn != "" {
+			storage.ProfileArn = tokenData.ProfileArn
+		}
+
+		// Write updated token back to file
+		updatedData, err := json.MarshalIndent(storage, "", "  ")
+		if err != nil {
+			errors = append(errors, fmt.Sprintf("%s: marshal error - %v", name, err))
+			continue
+		}
+
+		tmpFile := filePath + ".tmp"
+		if err := os.WriteFile(tmpFile, updatedData, 0600); err != nil {
+			errors = append(errors, fmt.Sprintf("%s: write error - %v", name, err))
+			continue
+		}
+		if err := os.Rename(tmpFile, filePath); err != nil {
+			errors = append(errors, fmt.Sprintf("%s: rename error - %v", name, err))
+			continue
+		}
+
+		log.Infof("OAuth Web: manually refreshed token in %s, expires at %s", name, tokenData.ExpiresAt)
+		refreshedCount++
+
+		// Notify callback if set
+		if h.onTokenObtained != nil {
+			h.onTokenObtained(tokenData)
+		}
+	}
+
+	if refreshedCount == 0 && len(errors) > 0 {
+		c.JSON(http.StatusBadRequest, gin.H{
+			"success": false,
+			"error":   fmt.Sprintf("All refresh attempts failed: %v", errors),
+		})
+		return
+	}
+
+	response := gin.H{
+		"success":        true,
+		"message":        fmt.Sprintf("Refreshed %d token(s)", refreshedCount),
+		"refreshedCount": refreshedCount,
+	}
+	if len(errors) > 0 {
+		response["warnings"] = errors
+	}
+
+	c.JSON(http.StatusOK, response)
+}
+
+// refreshTokenData refreshes a token using the appropriate method based on auth type.
+// This mirrors the logic in kiro_executor.Refresh for consistency.
+func (h *OAuthWebHandler) refreshTokenData(ctx context.Context, storage *KiroTokenStorage) (*KiroTokenData, error) {
+	ssoClient := NewSSOOIDCClient(h.cfg)
+
+	switch {
+	case storage.ClientID != "" && storage.ClientSecret != "" && storage.AuthMethod == "idc" && storage.Region != "":
+		// IDC refresh with region-specific endpoint
+		log.Debugf("OAuth Web: using SSO OIDC refresh for IDC (region=%s)", storage.Region)
+		return ssoClient.RefreshTokenWithRegion(ctx, storage.ClientID, storage.ClientSecret, storage.RefreshToken, storage.Region, storage.StartURL)
+
+	case storage.ClientID != "" && storage.ClientSecret != "" && storage.AuthMethod == "builder-id":
+		// Builder ID refresh with default endpoint
+		log.Debugf("OAuth Web: using SSO OIDC refresh for AWS Builder ID")
+		return ssoClient.RefreshToken(ctx, storage.ClientID, storage.ClientSecret, storage.RefreshToken)
+
+	default:
+		// Fallback to Kiro's OAuth refresh endpoint (for social auth: Google/GitHub)
+		log.Debugf("OAuth Web: using Kiro OAuth refresh endpoint")
+		oauth := NewKiroOAuth(h.cfg)
+		return oauth.RefreshToken(ctx, storage.RefreshToken)
+	}
+}

internal/auth/kiro/oauth_web_templates.go

@@ -0,0 +1,779 @@
+// Package kiro provides OAuth Web authentication templates.
+package kiro
+
+const (
+	oauthWebStartPageHTML = `<!DOCTYPE html>
+<html>
+<head>
+    <meta charset="UTF-8">
+    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
+    <title>AWS SSO Authentication</title>
+    <style>
+        * { box-sizing: border-box; }
+        body {
+            font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Roboto, sans-serif;
+            margin: 0;
+            padding: 20px;
+            background: linear-gradient(135deg, #667eea 0%, #764ba2 100%);
+            min-height: 100vh;
+            display: flex;
+            justify-content: center;
+            align-items: center;
+        }
+        .container {
+            max-width: 500px;
+            width: 100%;
+            background: #fff;
+            padding: 40px;
+            border-radius: 12px;
+            box-shadow: 0 10px 40px rgba(0,0,0,0.2);
+        }
+        h1 {
+            margin: 0 0 10px;
+            color: #333;
+            font-size: 24px;
+            text-align: center;
+        }
+        .subtitle {
+            text-align: center;
+            color: #666;
+            margin-bottom: 30px;
+        }
+        .step {
+            background: #f8f9fa;
+            padding: 20px;
+            border-radius: 8px;
+            margin-bottom: 15px;
+        }
+        .step-title {
+            display: flex;
+            align-items: center;
+            font-weight: 600;
+            color: #333;
+            margin-bottom: 10px;
+        }
+        .step-number {
+            width: 28px;
+            height: 28px;
+            background: #667eea;
+            color: white;
+            border-radius: 50%;
+            display: flex;
+            align-items: center;
+            justify-content: center;
+            font-size: 14px;
+            margin-right: 12px;
+        }
+        .user-code {
+            background: #e7f3ff;
+            border: 2px dashed #2196F3;
+            border-radius: 8px;
+            padding: 20px;
+            text-align: center;
+            margin-top: 10px;
+        }
+        .user-code-label {
+            font-size: 12px;
+            color: #666;
+            text-transform: uppercase;
+            letter-spacing: 1px;
+            margin-bottom: 8px;
+        }
+        .user-code-value {
+            font-size: 32px;
+            font-weight: bold;
+            font-family: monospace;
+            color: #2196F3;
+            letter-spacing: 4px;
+        }
+        .auth-btn {
+            display: block;
+            width: 100%;
+            padding: 15px;
+            background: #667eea;
+            color: white;
+            text-align: center;
+            text-decoration: none;
+            border-radius: 8px;
+            font-weight: 600;
+            font-size: 16px;
+            transition: all 0.3s;
+            border: none;
+            cursor: pointer;
+            margin-top: 20px;
+        }
+        .auth-btn:hover {
+            background: #5568d3;
+            transform: translateY(-2px);
+            box-shadow: 0 4px 12px rgba(102, 126, 234, 0.4);
+        }
+        .status {
+            margin-top: 30px;
+            padding: 20px;
+            background: #f8f9fa;
+            border-radius: 8px;
+            text-align: center;
+        }
+        .status-pending { border-left: 4px solid #ffc107; }
+        .status-success { border-left: 4px solid #28a745; }
+        .status-failed { border-left: 4px solid #dc3545; }
+        .spinner {
+            border: 3px solid #f3f3f3;
+            border-top: 3px solid #667eea;
+            border-radius: 50%;
+            width: 40px;
+            height: 40px;
+            animation: spin 1s linear infinite;
+            margin: 0 auto 15px;
+        }
+        @keyframes spin {
+            0% { transform: rotate(0deg); }
+            100% { transform: rotate(360deg); }
+        }
+        .timer {
+            font-size: 24px;
+            font-weight: bold;
+            color: #667eea;
+            margin: 10px 0;
+        }
+        .timer.warning { color: #ffc107; }
+        .timer.danger { color: #dc3545; }
+        .status-message { color: #666; line-height: 1.6; }
+        .success-icon, .error-icon { font-size: 48px; margin-bottom: 15px; }
+        .info-box {
+            background: #e7f3ff;
+            border-left: 4px solid #2196F3;
+            padding: 15px;
+            margin-top: 20px;
+            border-radius: 4px;
+            font-size: 14px;
+            color: #666;
+        }
+    </style>
+</head>
+<body>
+    <div class="container">
+        <h1>🔐 AWS SSO Authentication</h1>
+        <p class="subtitle">Follow the steps below to complete authentication</p>
+        
+        <div class="step">
+            <div class="step-title">
+                <span class="step-number">1</span>
+                Click the button below to open the authorization page
+            </div>
+            <a href="{{.AuthURL}}" target="_blank" class="auth-btn" id="authBtn">
+                🚀 Open Authorization Page
+            </a>
+        </div>
+        
+        <div class="step">
+            <div class="step-title">
+                <span class="step-number">2</span>
+                Enter the verification code below
+            </div>
+            <div class="user-code">
+                <div class="user-code-label">Verification Code</div>
+                <div class="user-code-value">{{.UserCode}}</div>
+            </div>
+        </div>
+        
+        <div class="step">
+            <div class="step-title">
+                <span class="step-number">3</span>
+                Complete AWS SSO login
+            </div>
+            <p style="color: #666; font-size: 14px; margin-top: 10px;">
+                Use your AWS SSO account to login and authorize
+            </p>
+        </div>
+        
+        <div class="status status-pending" id="statusBox">
+            <div class="spinner" id="spinner"></div>
+            <div class="timer" id="timer">{{.ExpiresIn}}s</div>
+            <div class="status-message" id="statusMessage">
+                Waiting for authorization...
+            </div>
+        </div>
+        
+        <div class="info-box">
+            💡 <strong>Tip:</strong> The authorization page will open in a new tab. This page will automatically update once authorization is complete.
+        </div>
+    </div>
+    
+    <script>
+        let pollInterval;
+        let timerInterval;
+        let remainingSeconds = {{.ExpiresIn}};
+        const stateID = "{{.StateID}}";
+        
+        setTimeout(() => {
+            document.getElementById('authBtn').click();
+        }, 500);
+        
+        function pollStatus() {
+            fetch('/v0/oauth/kiro/status?state=' + stateID)
+                .then(response => response.json())
+                .then(data => {
+                    console.log('Status:', data);
+                    if (data.status === 'success') {
+                        clearInterval(pollInterval);
+                        clearInterval(timerInterval);
+                        showSuccess(data);
+                    } else if (data.status === 'failed') {
+                        clearInterval(pollInterval);
+                        clearInterval(timerInterval);
+                        showError(data);
+                    } else {
+                        remainingSeconds = data.remaining_seconds || 0;
+                    }
+                })
+                .catch(error => {
+                    console.error('Poll error:', error);
+                });
+        }
+        
+        function updateTimer() {
+            const timerEl = document.getElementById('timer');
+            const minutes = Math.floor(remainingSeconds / 60);
+            const seconds = remainingSeconds % 60;
+            timerEl.textContent = minutes + ':' + seconds.toString().padStart(2, '0');
+            
+            if (remainingSeconds < 60) {
+                timerEl.className = 'timer danger';
+            } else if (remainingSeconds < 180) {
+                timerEl.className = 'timer warning';
+            } else {
+                timerEl.className = 'timer';
+            }
+            
+            remainingSeconds--;
+            
+            if (remainingSeconds < 0) {
+                clearInterval(timerInterval);
+                clearInterval(pollInterval);
+                showError({ error: 'Authentication timed out. Please refresh and try again.' });
+            }
+        }
+        
+        function showSuccess(data) {
+            const statusBox = document.getElementById('statusBox');
+            statusBox.className = 'status status-success';
+            statusBox.innerHTML = '<div class="success-icon">✅</div>' +
+                '<div class="status-message">' +
+                '<strong>Authentication Successful!</strong><br>' +
+                'Token expires: ' + new Date(data.expires_at).toLocaleString() +
+                '</div>';
+        }
+        
+        function showError(data) {
+            const statusBox = document.getElementById('statusBox');
+            statusBox.className = 'status status-failed';
+            statusBox.innerHTML = '<div class="error-icon">❌</div>' +
+                '<div class="status-message">' +
+                '<strong>Authentication Failed</strong><br>' +
+                (data.error || 'Unknown error') +
+                '</div>' +
+                '<button class="auth-btn" onclick="location.reload()" style="margin-top: 15px;">' +
+                '🔄 Retry' +
+                '</button>';
+        }
+        
+        pollInterval = setInterval(pollStatus, 3000);
+        timerInterval = setInterval(updateTimer, 1000);
+        pollStatus();
+    </script>
+</body>
+</html>`
+
+	oauthWebErrorPageHTML = `<!DOCTYPE html>
+<html>
+<head>
+    <meta charset="UTF-8">
+    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
+    <title>Authentication Failed</title>
+    <style>
+        body {
+            font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Roboto, sans-serif;
+            max-width: 600px;
+            margin: 50px auto;
+            padding: 20px;
+            background: #f5f5f5;
+        }
+        .error {
+            background: #fff;
+            padding: 30px;
+            border-radius: 8px;
+            box-shadow: 0 2px 4px rgba(0,0,0,0.1);
+            border-left: 4px solid #dc3545;
+        }
+        h1 { color: #dc3545; margin-top: 0; }
+        .error-message { color: #666; line-height: 1.6; }
+        .retry-btn {
+            display: inline-block;
+            margin-top: 20px;
+            padding: 10px 20px;
+            background: #007bff;
+            color: white;
+            text-decoration: none;
+            border-radius: 4px;
+        }
+        .retry-btn:hover { background: #0056b3; }
+    </style>
+</head>
+<body>
+    <div class="error">
+        <h1>❌ Authentication Failed</h1>
+        <div class="error-message">
+            <p><strong>Error:</strong></p>
+            <p>{{.Error}}</p>
+        </div>
+        <a href="/v0/oauth/kiro/start" class="retry-btn">🔄 Retry</a>
+    </div>
+</body>
+</html>`
+
+	oauthWebSuccessPageHTML = `<!DOCTYPE html>
+<html>
+<head>
+    <meta charset="UTF-8">
+    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
+    <title>Authentication Successful</title>
+    <style>
+        body {
+            font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Roboto, sans-serif;
+            max-width: 600px;
+            margin: 50px auto;
+            padding: 20px;
+            background: #f5f5f5;
+        }
+        .success {
+            background: #fff;
+            padding: 30px;
+            border-radius: 8px;
+            box-shadow: 0 2px 4px rgba(0,0,0,0.1);
+            border-left: 4px solid #28a745;
+            text-align: center;
+        }
+        h1 { color: #28a745; margin-top: 0; }
+        .success-message { color: #666; line-height: 1.6; }
+        .icon { font-size: 48px; margin-bottom: 15px; }
+        .expires { font-size: 14px; color: #999; margin-top: 15px; }
+    </style>
+</head>
+<body>
+    <div class="success">
+        <div class="icon">✅</div>
+        <h1>Authentication Successful!</h1>
+        <div class="success-message">
+            <p>You can close this window.</p>
+        </div>
+        <div class="expires">Token expires: {{.ExpiresAt}}</div>
+    </div>
+</body>
+</html>`
+
+	oauthWebSelectPageHTML = `<!DOCTYPE html>
+<html>
+<head>
+    <meta charset="UTF-8">
+    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
+    <title>Select Authentication Method</title>
+    <style>
+        * { box-sizing: border-box; }
+        body {
+            font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Roboto, sans-serif;
+            margin: 0;
+            padding: 20px;
+            background: linear-gradient(135deg, #667eea 0%, #764ba2 100%);
+            min-height: 100vh;
+            display: flex;
+            justify-content: center;
+            align-items: center;
+        }
+        .container {
+            max-width: 500px;
+            width: 100%;
+            background: #fff;
+            padding: 40px;
+            border-radius: 12px;
+            box-shadow: 0 10px 40px rgba(0,0,0,0.2);
+        }
+        h1 {
+            margin: 0 0 10px;
+            color: #333;
+            font-size: 24px;
+            text-align: center;
+        }
+        .subtitle {
+            text-align: center;
+            color: #666;
+            margin-bottom: 30px;
+        }
+        .auth-methods {
+            display: flex;
+            flex-direction: column;
+            gap: 15px;
+        }
+        .auth-btn {
+            display: flex;
+            align-items: center;
+            width: 100%;
+            padding: 15px 20px;
+            background: #667eea;
+            color: white;
+            text-decoration: none;
+            border-radius: 8px;
+            font-weight: 600;
+            font-size: 16px;
+            transition: all 0.3s;
+            border: none;
+            cursor: pointer;
+        }
+        .auth-btn:hover {
+            background: #5568d3;
+            transform: translateY(-2px);
+            box-shadow: 0 4px 12px rgba(102, 126, 234, 0.4);
+        }
+        .auth-btn .icon {
+            font-size: 24px;
+            margin-right: 15px;
+            width: 32px;
+            text-align: center;
+        }
+        .auth-btn.google { background: #4285F4; }
+        .auth-btn.google:hover { background: #3367D6; }
+        .auth-btn.github { background: #24292e; }
+        .auth-btn.github:hover { background: #1a1e22; }
+        .auth-btn.aws { background: #FF9900; }
+        .auth-btn.aws:hover { background: #E68A00; }
+        .auth-btn.idc { background: #232F3E; }
+        .auth-btn.idc:hover { background: #1a242f; }
+        .idc-form {
+            background: #f8f9fa;
+            padding: 20px;
+            border-radius: 8px;
+            margin-top: 15px;
+            display: none;
+        }
+        .idc-form.show {
+            display: block;
+        }
+        .form-group {
+            margin-bottom: 15px;
+        }
+        .form-group label {
+            display: block;
+            font-weight: 600;
+            color: #333;
+            margin-bottom: 8px;
+            font-size: 14px;
+        }
+        .form-group input {
+            width: 100%;
+            padding: 12px;
+            border: 2px solid #e0e0e0;
+            border-radius: 6px;
+            font-size: 14px;
+            transition: border-color 0.3s;
+        }
+        .form-group input:focus {
+            outline: none;
+            border-color: #667eea;
+        }
+        .form-group .hint {
+            font-size: 12px;
+            color: #999;
+            margin-top: 5px;
+        }
+        .submit-btn {
+            display: block;
+            width: 100%;
+            padding: 15px;
+            background: #232F3E;
+            color: white;
+            text-align: center;
+            text-decoration: none;
+            border-radius: 8px;
+            font-weight: 600;
+            font-size: 16px;
+            transition: all 0.3s;
+            border: none;
+            cursor: pointer;
+        }
+        .submit-btn:hover {
+            background: #1a242f;
+            transform: translateY(-2px);
+            box-shadow: 0 4px 12px rgba(35, 47, 62, 0.4);
+        }
+        .divider {
+            display: flex;
+            align-items: center;
+            margin: 20px 0;
+        }
+        .divider::before,
+        .divider::after {
+            content: "";
+            flex: 1;
+            border-bottom: 1px solid #e0e0e0;
+        }
+        .divider span {
+            padding: 0 15px;
+            color: #999;
+            font-size: 14px;
+        }
+        .info-box {
+            background: #e7f3ff;
+            border-left: 4px solid #2196F3;
+            padding: 15px;
+            margin-top: 20px;
+            border-radius: 4px;
+            font-size: 14px;
+            color: #666;
+        }
+        .warning-box {
+            background: #fff3cd;
+            border-left: 4px solid #ffc107;
+            padding: 15px;
+            margin-top: 20px;
+            border-radius: 4px;
+            font-size: 14px;
+            color: #856404;
+        }
+        .auth-btn.manual { background: #6c757d; }
+        .auth-btn.manual:hover { background: #5a6268; }
+        .auth-btn.refresh { background: #17a2b8; }
+        .auth-btn.refresh:hover { background: #138496; }
+        .auth-btn.refresh:disabled { background: #7fb3bd; cursor: not-allowed; }
+        .manual-form {
+            background: #f8f9fa;
+            padding: 20px;
+            border-radius: 8px;
+            margin-top: 15px;
+            display: none;
+        }
+        .manual-form.show {
+            display: block;
+        }
+        .form-group textarea {
+            width: 100%;
+            padding: 12px;
+            border: 2px solid #e0e0e0;
+            border-radius: 6px;
+            font-size: 14px;
+            font-family: monospace;
+            transition: border-color 0.3s;
+            resize: vertical;
+            min-height: 80px;
+        }
+        .form-group textarea:focus {
+            outline: none;
+            border-color: #667eea;
+        }
+        .status-message {
+            padding: 15px;
+            border-radius: 6px;
+            margin-top: 15px;
+            display: none;
+        }
+        .status-message.success {
+            background: #d4edda;
+            color: #155724;
+            display: block;
+        }
+        .status-message.error {
+            background: #f8d7da;
+            color: #721c24;
+            display: block;
+        }
+    </style>
+</head>
+<body>
+    <div class="container">
+        <h1>🔐 Select Authentication Method</h1>
+        <p class="subtitle">Choose how you want to authenticate with Kiro</p>
+        
+        <div class="auth-methods">
+            <a href="/v0/oauth/kiro/start?method=builder-id" class="auth-btn aws">
+                <span class="icon">🔶</span>
+                AWS Builder ID (Recommended)
+            </a>
+            
+            <button type="button" class="auth-btn idc" onclick="toggleIdcForm()">
+                <span class="icon">🏢</span>
+                AWS Identity Center (IDC)
+            </button>
+            
+            <div class="divider"><span>or</span></div>
+            
+            <button type="button" class="auth-btn manual" onclick="toggleManualForm()">
+                <span class="icon">📋</span>
+                Import RefreshToken from Kiro IDE
+            </button>
+            
+            <button type="button" class="auth-btn refresh" onclick="manualRefresh()" id="refreshBtn">
+                <span class="icon">🔄</span>
+                Manual Refresh All Tokens
+            </button>
+            
+            <div class="status-message" id="refreshStatus"></div>
+        </div>
+        
+        <div class="idc-form" id="idcForm">
+            <form action="/v0/oauth/kiro/start" method="get">
+                <input type="hidden" name="method" value="idc">
+                
+                <div class="form-group">
+                    <label for="startUrl">Start URL</label>
+                    <input type="url" id="startUrl" name="startUrl" placeholder="https://your-org.awsapps.com/start" required>
+                    <div class="hint">Your AWS Identity Center Start URL</div>
+                </div>
+                
+                <div class="form-group">
+                    <label for="region">Region</label>
+                    <input type="text" id="region" name="region" value="us-east-1" placeholder="us-east-1">
+                    <div class="hint">AWS Region for your Identity Center</div>
+                </div>
+                
+                <button type="submit" class="submit-btn">
+                    🚀 Continue with IDC
+                </button>
+            </form>
+        </div>
+        
+        <div class="manual-form" id="manualForm">
+            <form id="importForm" onsubmit="submitImport(event)">
+                <div class="form-group">
+                    <label for="refreshToken">Refresh Token</label>
+                    <textarea id="refreshToken" name="refreshToken" placeholder="Paste your refreshToken here (starts with aorAAAAAG...)" required></textarea>
+                    <div class="hint">Copy from Kiro IDE: ~/.kiro/kiro-auth-token.json → refreshToken field</div>
+                </div>
+                
+                <button type="submit" class="submit-btn" id="importBtn">
+                    📥 Import Token
+                </button>
+                
+                <div class="status-message" id="importStatus"></div>
+            </form>
+        </div>
+        
+        <div class="warning-box">
+            ⚠️ <strong>Note:</strong> Google and GitHub login are not available for third-party applications due to AWS Cognito restrictions. Please use AWS Builder ID or import your token from Kiro IDE.
+        </div>
+        
+        <div class="info-box">
+            💡 <strong>How to get RefreshToken:</strong><br>
+            1. Open Kiro IDE and login with Google/GitHub<br>
+            2. Find the token file: <code>~/.kiro/kiro-auth-token.json</code><br>
+            3. Copy the <code>refreshToken</code> value and paste it above
+        </div>
+    </div>
+    
+    <script>
+        function toggleIdcForm() {
+            const idcForm = document.getElementById('idcForm');
+            const manualForm = document.getElementById('manualForm');
+            manualForm.classList.remove('show');
+            idcForm.classList.toggle('show');
+            if (idcForm.classList.contains('show')) {
+                document.getElementById('startUrl').focus();
+            }
+        }
+        
+        function toggleManualForm() {
+            const idcForm = document.getElementById('idcForm');
+            const manualForm = document.getElementById('manualForm');
+            idcForm.classList.remove('show');
+            manualForm.classList.toggle('show');
+            if (manualForm.classList.contains('show')) {
+                document.getElementById('refreshToken').focus();
+            }
+        }
+        
+        async function submitImport(event) {
+            event.preventDefault();
+            const refreshToken = document.getElementById('refreshToken').value.trim();
+            const statusEl = document.getElementById('importStatus');
+            const btn = document.getElementById('importBtn');
+            
+            if (!refreshToken) {
+                statusEl.className = 'status-message error';
+                statusEl.textContent = 'Please enter a refresh token';
+                return;
+            }
+            
+            if (!refreshToken.startsWith('aorAAAAAG')) {
+                statusEl.className = 'status-message error';
+                statusEl.textContent = 'Invalid token format. Token should start with aorAAAAAG...';
+                return;
+            }
+            
+            btn.disabled = true;
+            btn.textContent = '⏳ Importing...';
+            statusEl.className = 'status-message';
+            statusEl.style.display = 'none';
+            
+            try {
+                const response = await fetch('/v0/oauth/kiro/import', {
+                    method: 'POST',
+                    headers: { 'Content-Type': 'application/json' },
+                    body: JSON.stringify({ refreshToken: refreshToken })
+                });
+                
+                const data = await response.json();
+                
+                if (response.ok && data.success) {
+                    statusEl.className = 'status-message success';
+                    statusEl.textContent = '✅ Token imported successfully! File: ' + (data.fileName || 'kiro-token.json');
+                } else {
+                    statusEl.className = 'status-message error';
+                    statusEl.textContent = '❌ ' + (data.error || data.message || 'Import failed');
+                }
+            } catch (error) {
+                statusEl.className = 'status-message error';
+                statusEl.textContent = '❌ Network error: ' + error.message;
+            } finally {
+                btn.disabled = false;
+                btn.textContent = '📥 Import Token';
+            }
+        }
+        
+        async function manualRefresh() {
+            const btn = document.getElementById('refreshBtn');
+            const statusEl = document.getElementById('refreshStatus');
+            
+            btn.disabled = true;
+            btn.innerHTML = '<span class="icon">⏳</span> Refreshing...';
+            statusEl.className = 'status-message';
+            statusEl.style.display = 'none';
+            
+            try {
+                const response = await fetch('/v0/oauth/kiro/refresh', {
+                    method: 'POST',
+                    headers: { 'Content-Type': 'application/json' }
+                });
+                
+                const data = await response.json();
+                
+                if (response.ok && data.success) {
+                    statusEl.className = 'status-message success';
+                    let msg = '✅ ' + data.message;
+                    if (data.warnings && data.warnings.length > 0) {
+                        msg += ' (Warnings: ' + data.warnings.join('; ') + ')';
+                    }
+                    statusEl.textContent = msg;
+                } else {
+                    statusEl.className = 'status-message error';
+                    statusEl.textContent = '❌ ' + (data.error || data.message || 'Refresh failed');
+                }
+            } catch (error) {
+                statusEl.className = 'status-message error';
+                statusEl.textContent = '❌ Network error: ' + error.message;
+            } finally {
+                btn.disabled = false;
+                btn.innerHTML = '<span class="icon">🔄</span> Manual Refresh All Tokens';
+            }
+        }
+    </script>
+</body>
+</html>`
+)

internal/auth/kiro/protocol_handler.go

@@ -0,0 +1,725 @@
+// Package kiro provides custom protocol handler registration for Kiro OAuth.
+// This enables the CLI to intercept kiro:// URIs for social authentication (Google/GitHub).
+package kiro
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"fmt"
+	"html"
+	"net"
+	"net/http"
+	"net/url"
+	"os"
+	"os/exec"
+	"path/filepath"
+	"runtime"
+	"strings"
+	"sync"
+	"time"
+
+	log "github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
+)
+
+const (
+	// KiroProtocol is the custom URI scheme used by Kiro
+	KiroProtocol = "kiro"
+
+	// KiroAuthority is the URI authority for authentication callbacks
+	KiroAuthority = "kiro.kiroAgent"
+
+	// KiroAuthPath is the path for successful authentication
+	KiroAuthPath = "/authenticate-success"
+
+	// KiroRedirectURI is the full redirect URI for social auth
+	KiroRedirectURI = "kiro://kiro.kiroAgent/authenticate-success"
+
+	// DefaultHandlerPort is the default port for the local callback server
+	DefaultHandlerPort = 19876
+
+	// HandlerTimeout is how long to wait for the OAuth callback
+	HandlerTimeout = 10 * time.Minute
+)
+
+// ProtocolHandler manages the custom kiro:// protocol handler for OAuth callbacks.
+type ProtocolHandler struct {
+	port       int
+	server     *http.Server
+	listener   net.Listener
+	resultChan chan *AuthCallback
+	stopChan   chan struct{}
+	mu         sync.Mutex
+	running    bool
+}
+
+// AuthCallback contains the OAuth callback parameters.
+type AuthCallback struct {
+	Code  string
+	State string
+	Error string
+}
+
+// NewProtocolHandler creates a new protocol handler.
+func NewProtocolHandler() *ProtocolHandler {
+	return &ProtocolHandler{
+		port:       DefaultHandlerPort,
+		resultChan: make(chan *AuthCallback, 1),
+		stopChan:   make(chan struct{}),
+	}
+}
+
+// Start starts the local callback server that receives redirects from the protocol handler.
+func (h *ProtocolHandler) Start(ctx context.Context) (int, error) {
+	h.mu.Lock()
+	defer h.mu.Unlock()
+
+	if h.running {
+		return h.port, nil
+	}
+
+	// Drain any stale results from previous runs
+	select {
+	case <-h.resultChan:
+	default:
+	}
+
+	// Reset stopChan for reuse - close old channel first to unblock any waiting goroutines
+	if h.stopChan != nil {
+		select {
+		case <-h.stopChan:
+			// Already closed
+		default:
+			close(h.stopChan)
+		}
+	}
+	h.stopChan = make(chan struct{})
+
+	// Try ports in known range (must match handler script port range)
+	var listener net.Listener
+	var err error
+	portRange := []int{DefaultHandlerPort, DefaultHandlerPort + 1, DefaultHandlerPort + 2, DefaultHandlerPort + 3, DefaultHandlerPort + 4}
+	
+	for _, port := range portRange {
+		listener, err = net.Listen("tcp", fmt.Sprintf("127.0.0.1:%d", port))
+		if err == nil {
+			break
+		}
+		log.Debugf("kiro protocol handler: port %d busy, trying next", port)
+	}
+	
+	if listener == nil {
+		return 0, fmt.Errorf("failed to start callback server: all ports %d-%d are busy", DefaultHandlerPort, DefaultHandlerPort+4)
+	}
+
+	h.listener = listener
+	h.port = listener.Addr().(*net.TCPAddr).Port
+
+	mux := http.NewServeMux()
+	mux.HandleFunc("/oauth/callback", h.handleCallback)
+
+	h.server = &http.Server{
+		Handler:           mux,
+		ReadHeaderTimeout: 10 * time.Second,
+	}
+
+	go func() {
+		if err := h.server.Serve(listener); err != nil && err != http.ErrServerClosed {
+			log.Debugf("kiro protocol handler server error: %v", err)
+		}
+	}()
+
+	h.running = true
+	log.Debugf("kiro protocol handler started on port %d", h.port)
+
+	// Auto-shutdown after context done, timeout, or explicit stop
+	// Capture references to prevent race with new Start() calls
+	currentStopChan := h.stopChan
+	currentServer := h.server
+	currentListener := h.listener
+	go func() {
+		select {
+		case <-ctx.Done():
+		case <-time.After(HandlerTimeout):
+		case <-currentStopChan:
+			return // Already stopped, exit goroutine
+		}
+		// Only stop if this is still the current server/listener instance
+		h.mu.Lock()
+		if h.server == currentServer && h.listener == currentListener {
+			h.mu.Unlock()
+			h.Stop()
+		} else {
+			h.mu.Unlock()
+		}
+	}()
+
+	return h.port, nil
+}
+
+// Stop stops the callback server.
+func (h *ProtocolHandler) Stop() {
+	h.mu.Lock()
+	defer h.mu.Unlock()
+
+	if !h.running {
+		return
+	}
+
+	// Signal the auto-shutdown goroutine to exit.
+	// This select pattern is safe because stopChan is only modified while holding h.mu,
+	// and we hold the lock here. The select prevents panic from double-close.
+	select {
+	case <-h.stopChan:
+		// Already closed
+	default:
+		close(h.stopChan)
+	}
+
+	if h.server != nil {
+		ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), 5*time.Second)
+		defer cancel()
+		_ = h.server.Shutdown(ctx)
+	}
+
+	h.running = false
+	log.Debug("kiro protocol handler stopped")
+}
+
+// WaitForCallback waits for the OAuth callback and returns the result.
+func (h *ProtocolHandler) WaitForCallback(ctx context.Context) (*AuthCallback, error) {
+	select {
+	case <-ctx.Done():
+		return nil, ctx.Err()
+	case <-time.After(HandlerTimeout):
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("timeout waiting for OAuth callback")
+	case result := <-h.resultChan:
+		return result, nil
+	}
+}
+
+// GetPort returns the port the handler is listening on.
+func (h *ProtocolHandler) GetPort() int {
+	return h.port
+}
+
+// handleCallback processes the OAuth callback from the protocol handler script.
+func (h *ProtocolHandler) handleCallback(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
+	code := r.URL.Query().Get("code")
+	state := r.URL.Query().Get("state")
+	errParam := r.URL.Query().Get("error")
+
+	result := &AuthCallback{
+		Code:  code,
+		State: state,
+		Error: errParam,
+	}
+
+	// Send result
+	select {
+	case h.resultChan <- result:
+	default:
+		// Channel full, ignore duplicate callbacks
+	}
+
+	// Send success response
+	w.Header().Set("Content-Type", "text/html; charset=utf-8")
+	if errParam != "" {
+		w.WriteHeader(http.StatusBadRequest)
+		fmt.Fprintf(w, `<!DOCTYPE html>
+<html>
+<head><title>Login Failed</title></head>
+<body>
+<h1>Login Failed</h1>
+<p>Error: %s</p>
+<p>You can close this window.</p>
+</body>
+</html>`, html.EscapeString(errParam))
+	} else {
+		fmt.Fprint(w, `<!DOCTYPE html>
+<html>
+<head><title>Login Successful</title></head>
+<body>
+<h1>Login Successful!</h1>
+<p>You can close this window and return to the terminal.</p>
+<script>window.close();</script>
+</body>
+</html>`)
+	}
+}
+
+// IsProtocolHandlerInstalled checks if the kiro:// protocol handler is installed.
+func IsProtocolHandlerInstalled() bool {
+	switch runtime.GOOS {
+	case "linux":
+		return isLinuxHandlerInstalled()
+	case "windows":
+		return isWindowsHandlerInstalled()
+	case "darwin":
+		return isDarwinHandlerInstalled()
+	default:
+		return false
+	}
+}
+
+// InstallProtocolHandler installs the kiro:// protocol handler for the current platform.
+func InstallProtocolHandler(handlerPort int) error {
+	switch runtime.GOOS {
+	case "linux":
+		return installLinuxHandler(handlerPort)
+	case "windows":
+		return installWindowsHandler(handlerPort)
+	case "darwin":
+		return installDarwinHandler(handlerPort)
+	default:
+		return fmt.Errorf("unsupported platform: %s", runtime.GOOS)
+	}
+}
+
+// UninstallProtocolHandler removes the kiro:// protocol handler.
+func UninstallProtocolHandler() error {
+	switch runtime.GOOS {
+	case "linux":
+		return uninstallLinuxHandler()
+	case "windows":
+		return uninstallWindowsHandler()
+	case "darwin":
+		return uninstallDarwinHandler()
+	default:
+		return fmt.Errorf("unsupported platform: %s", runtime.GOOS)
+	}
+}
+
+// --- Linux Implementation ---
+
+func getLinuxDesktopPath() string {
+	homeDir, _ := os.UserHomeDir()
+	return filepath.Join(homeDir, ".local", "share", "applications", "kiro-oauth-handler.desktop")
+}
+
+func getLinuxHandlerScriptPath() string {
+	homeDir, _ := os.UserHomeDir()
+	return filepath.Join(homeDir, ".local", "bin", "kiro-oauth-handler")
+}
+
+func isLinuxHandlerInstalled() bool {
+	desktopPath := getLinuxDesktopPath()
+	_, err := os.Stat(desktopPath)
+	return err == nil
+}
+
+func installLinuxHandler(handlerPort int) error {
+	// Create directories
+	homeDir, err := os.UserHomeDir()
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	binDir := filepath.Join(homeDir, ".local", "bin")
+	appDir := filepath.Join(homeDir, ".local", "share", "applications")
+
+	if err := os.MkdirAll(binDir, 0755); err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("failed to create bin directory: %w", err)
+	}
+	if err := os.MkdirAll(appDir, 0755); err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("failed to create applications directory: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	// Create handler script - tries multiple ports to handle dynamic port allocation
+	scriptPath := getLinuxHandlerScriptPath()
+	scriptContent := fmt.Sprintf(`#!/bin/bash
+# Kiro OAuth Protocol Handler
+# Handles kiro:// URIs - tries CLI first, then forwards to Kiro IDE
+
+URL="$1"
+
+# Check curl availability
+if ! command -v curl &> /dev/null; then
+    echo "Error: curl is required for Kiro OAuth handler" >&2
+    exit 1
+fi
+
+# Extract code and state from URL
+[[ "$URL" =~ code=([^&]+) ]] && CODE="${BASH_REMATCH[1]}"
+[[ "$URL" =~ state=([^&]+) ]] && STATE="${BASH_REMATCH[1]}"
+[[ "$URL" =~ error=([^&]+) ]] && ERROR="${BASH_REMATCH[1]}"
+
+# Try CLI proxy on multiple possible ports (default + dynamic range)
+CLI_OK=0
+for PORT in %d %d %d %d %d; do
+    if [ -n "$ERROR" ]; then
+        curl -sf --connect-timeout 1 "http://127.0.0.1:$PORT/oauth/callback?error=$ERROR" && CLI_OK=1 && break
+    elif [ -n "$CODE" ] && [ -n "$STATE" ]; then
+        curl -sf --connect-timeout 1 "http://127.0.0.1:$PORT/oauth/callback?code=$CODE&state=$STATE" && CLI_OK=1 && break
+    fi
+done
+
+# If CLI not available, forward to Kiro IDE
+if [ $CLI_OK -eq 0 ] && [ -x "/usr/share/kiro/kiro" ]; then
+    /usr/share/kiro/kiro --open-url "$URL" &
+fi
+`, handlerPort, handlerPort+1, handlerPort+2, handlerPort+3, handlerPort+4)
+
+	if err := os.WriteFile(scriptPath, []byte(scriptContent), 0755); err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("failed to write handler script: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	// Create .desktop file
+	desktopPath := getLinuxDesktopPath()
+	desktopContent := fmt.Sprintf(`[Desktop Entry]
+Name=Kiro OAuth Handler
+Comment=Handle kiro:// protocol for CLI Proxy API authentication
+Exec=%s %%u
+Type=Application
+Terminal=false
+NoDisplay=true
+MimeType=x-scheme-handler/kiro;
+Categories=Utility;
+`, scriptPath)
+
+	if err := os.WriteFile(desktopPath, []byte(desktopContent), 0644); err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("failed to write desktop file: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	// Register handler with xdg-mime
+	cmd := exec.Command("xdg-mime", "default", "kiro-oauth-handler.desktop", "x-scheme-handler/kiro")
+	if err := cmd.Run(); err != nil {
+		log.Warnf("xdg-mime registration failed (may need manual setup): %v", err)
+	}
+
+	// Update desktop database
+	cmd = exec.Command("update-desktop-database", appDir)
+	_ = cmd.Run() // Ignore errors, not critical
+
+	log.Info("Kiro protocol handler installed for Linux")
+	return nil
+}
+
+func uninstallLinuxHandler() error {
+	desktopPath := getLinuxDesktopPath()
+	scriptPath := getLinuxHandlerScriptPath()
+
+	if err := os.Remove(desktopPath); err != nil && !os.IsNotExist(err) {
+		return fmt.Errorf("failed to remove desktop file: %w", err)
+	}
+	if err := os.Remove(scriptPath); err != nil && !os.IsNotExist(err) {
+		return fmt.Errorf("failed to remove handler script: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	log.Info("Kiro protocol handler uninstalled")
+	return nil
+}
+
+// --- Windows Implementation ---
+
+func isWindowsHandlerInstalled() bool {
+	// Check registry key existence
+	cmd := exec.Command("reg", "query", `HKCU\Software\Classes\kiro`, "/ve")
+	return cmd.Run() == nil
+}
+
+func installWindowsHandler(handlerPort int) error {
+	homeDir, err := os.UserHomeDir()
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	// Create handler script (PowerShell)
+	scriptDir := filepath.Join(homeDir, ".cliproxyapi")
+	if err := os.MkdirAll(scriptDir, 0755); err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("failed to create script directory: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	scriptPath := filepath.Join(scriptDir, "kiro-oauth-handler.ps1")
+	scriptContent := fmt.Sprintf(`# Kiro OAuth Protocol Handler for Windows
+param([string]$url)
+
+# Load required assembly for HttpUtility
+Add-Type -AssemblyName System.Web
+
+# Parse URL parameters
+$uri = [System.Uri]$url
+$query = [System.Web.HttpUtility]::ParseQueryString($uri.Query)
+$code = $query["code"]
+$state = $query["state"]
+$errorParam = $query["error"]
+
+# Try multiple ports (default + dynamic range)
+$ports = @(%d, %d, %d, %d, %d)
+$success = $false
+
+foreach ($port in $ports) {
+    if ($success) { break }
+    $callbackUrl = "http://127.0.0.1:$port/oauth/callback"
+    try {
+        if ($errorParam) {
+            $fullUrl = $callbackUrl + "?error=" + $errorParam
+            Invoke-WebRequest -Uri $fullUrl -UseBasicParsing -TimeoutSec 1 -ErrorAction Stop | Out-Null
+            $success = $true
+        } elseif ($code -and $state) {
+            $fullUrl = $callbackUrl + "?code=" + $code + "&state=" + $state
+            Invoke-WebRequest -Uri $fullUrl -UseBasicParsing -TimeoutSec 1 -ErrorAction Stop | Out-Null
+            $success = $true
+        }
+    } catch {
+        # Try next port
+    }
+}
+`, handlerPort, handlerPort+1, handlerPort+2, handlerPort+3, handlerPort+4)
+
+	if err := os.WriteFile(scriptPath, []byte(scriptContent), 0644); err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("failed to write handler script: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	// Create batch wrapper
+	batchPath := filepath.Join(scriptDir, "kiro-oauth-handler.bat")
+	batchContent := fmt.Sprintf("@echo off\npowershell -ExecutionPolicy Bypass -File \"%s\" %%1\n", scriptPath)
+
+	if err := os.WriteFile(batchPath, []byte(batchContent), 0644); err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("failed to write batch wrapper: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	// Register in Windows registry
+	commands := [][]string{
+		{"reg", "add", `HKCU\Software\Classes\kiro`, "/ve", "/d", "URL:Kiro Protocol", "/f"},
+		{"reg", "add", `HKCU\Software\Classes\kiro`, "/v", "URL Protocol", "/d", "", "/f"},
+		{"reg", "add", `HKCU\Software\Classes\kiro\shell`, "/f"},
+		{"reg", "add", `HKCU\Software\Classes\kiro\shell\open`, "/f"},
+		{"reg", "add", `HKCU\Software\Classes\kiro\shell\open\command`, "/ve", "/d", fmt.Sprintf("\"%s\" \"%%1\"", batchPath), "/f"},
+	}
+
+	for _, args := range commands {
+		cmd := exec.Command(args[0], args[1:]...)
+		if err := cmd.Run(); err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("failed to run registry command: %w", err)
+		}
+	}
+
+	log.Info("Kiro protocol handler installed for Windows")
+	return nil
+}
+
+func uninstallWindowsHandler() error {
+	// Remove registry keys
+	cmd := exec.Command("reg", "delete", `HKCU\Software\Classes\kiro`, "/f")
+	if err := cmd.Run(); err != nil {
+		log.Warnf("failed to remove registry key: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	// Remove scripts
+	homeDir, _ := os.UserHomeDir()
+	scriptDir := filepath.Join(homeDir, ".cliproxyapi")
+	_ = os.Remove(filepath.Join(scriptDir, "kiro-oauth-handler.ps1"))
+	_ = os.Remove(filepath.Join(scriptDir, "kiro-oauth-handler.bat"))
+
+	log.Info("Kiro protocol handler uninstalled")
+	return nil
+}
+
+// --- macOS Implementation ---
+
+func getDarwinAppPath() string {
+	homeDir, _ := os.UserHomeDir()
+	return filepath.Join(homeDir, "Applications", "KiroOAuthHandler.app")
+}
+
+func isDarwinHandlerInstalled() bool {
+	appPath := getDarwinAppPath()
+	_, err := os.Stat(appPath)
+	return err == nil
+}
+
+func installDarwinHandler(handlerPort int) error {
+	// Create app bundle structure
+	appPath := getDarwinAppPath()
+	contentsPath := filepath.Join(appPath, "Contents")
+	macOSPath := filepath.Join(contentsPath, "MacOS")
+
+	if err := os.MkdirAll(macOSPath, 0755); err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("failed to create app bundle: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	// Create Info.plist
+	plistPath := filepath.Join(contentsPath, "Info.plist")
+	plistContent := `<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<!DOCTYPE plist PUBLIC "-//Apple//DTD PLIST 1.0//EN" "http://www.apple.com/DTDs/PropertyList-1.0.dtd">
+<plist version="1.0">
+<dict>
+    <key>CFBundleIdentifier</key>
+    <string>com.cliproxyapi.kiro-oauth-handler</string>
+    <key>CFBundleName</key>
+    <string>KiroOAuthHandler</string>
+    <key>CFBundleExecutable</key>
+    <string>kiro-oauth-handler</string>
+    <key>CFBundleVersion</key>
+    <string>1.0</string>
+    <key>CFBundleURLTypes</key>
+    <array>
+        <dict>
+            <key>CFBundleURLName</key>
+            <string>Kiro Protocol</string>
+            <key>CFBundleURLSchemes</key>
+            <array>
+                <string>kiro</string>
+            </array>
+        </dict>
+    </array>
+    <key>LSBackgroundOnly</key>
+    <true/>
+</dict>
+</plist>`
+
+	if err := os.WriteFile(plistPath, []byte(plistContent), 0644); err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("failed to write Info.plist: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	// Create executable script - tries multiple ports to handle dynamic port allocation
+	execPath := filepath.Join(macOSPath, "kiro-oauth-handler")
+	execContent := fmt.Sprintf(`#!/bin/bash
+# Kiro OAuth Protocol Handler for macOS
+
+URL="$1"
+
+# Check curl availability (should always exist on macOS)
+if [ ! -x /usr/bin/curl ]; then
+    echo "Error: curl is required for Kiro OAuth handler" >&2
+    exit 1
+fi
+
+# Extract code and state from URL
+[[ "$URL" =~ code=([^&]+) ]] && CODE="${BASH_REMATCH[1]}"
+[[ "$URL" =~ state=([^&]+) ]] && STATE="${BASH_REMATCH[1]}"
+[[ "$URL" =~ error=([^&]+) ]] && ERROR="${BASH_REMATCH[1]}"
+
+# Try multiple ports (default + dynamic range)
+for PORT in %d %d %d %d %d; do
+    if [ -n "$ERROR" ]; then
+        /usr/bin/curl -sf --connect-timeout 1 "http://127.0.0.1:$PORT/oauth/callback?error=$ERROR" && exit 0
+    elif [ -n "$CODE" ] && [ -n "$STATE" ]; then
+        /usr/bin/curl -sf --connect-timeout 1 "http://127.0.0.1:$PORT/oauth/callback?code=$CODE&state=$STATE" && exit 0
+    fi
+done
+`, handlerPort, handlerPort+1, handlerPort+2, handlerPort+3, handlerPort+4)
+
+	if err := os.WriteFile(execPath, []byte(execContent), 0755); err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("failed to write executable: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	// Register the app with Launch Services
+	cmd := exec.Command("/System/Library/Frameworks/CoreServices.framework/Frameworks/LaunchServices.framework/Support/lsregister",
+		"-f", appPath)
+	if err := cmd.Run(); err != nil {
+		log.Warnf("lsregister failed (handler may still work): %v", err)
+	}
+
+	log.Info("Kiro protocol handler installed for macOS")
+	return nil
+}
+
+func uninstallDarwinHandler() error {
+	appPath := getDarwinAppPath()
+
+	// Unregister from Launch Services
+	cmd := exec.Command("/System/Library/Frameworks/CoreServices.framework/Frameworks/LaunchServices.framework/Support/lsregister",
+		"-u", appPath)
+	_ = cmd.Run()
+
+	// Remove app bundle
+	if err := os.RemoveAll(appPath); err != nil && !os.IsNotExist(err) {
+		return fmt.Errorf("failed to remove app bundle: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	log.Info("Kiro protocol handler uninstalled")
+	return nil
+}
+
+// ParseKiroURI parses a kiro:// URI and extracts the callback parameters.
+func ParseKiroURI(rawURI string) (*AuthCallback, error) {
+	u, err := url.Parse(rawURI)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("invalid URI: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	if u.Scheme != KiroProtocol {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("invalid scheme: expected %s, got %s", KiroProtocol, u.Scheme)
+	}
+
+	if u.Host != KiroAuthority {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("invalid authority: expected %s, got %s", KiroAuthority, u.Host)
+	}
+
+	query := u.Query()
+	return &AuthCallback{
+		Code:  query.Get("code"),
+		State: query.Get("state"),
+		Error: query.Get("error"),
+	}, nil
+}
+
+// GetHandlerInstructions returns platform-specific instructions for manual handler setup.
+func GetHandlerInstructions() string {
+	switch runtime.GOOS {
+	case "linux":
+		return `To manually set up the Kiro protocol handler on Linux:
+
+1. Create ~/.local/share/applications/kiro-oauth-handler.desktop:
+   [Desktop Entry]
+   Name=Kiro OAuth Handler
+   Exec=~/.local/bin/kiro-oauth-handler %u
+   Type=Application
+   Terminal=false
+   MimeType=x-scheme-handler/kiro;
+
+2. Create ~/.local/bin/kiro-oauth-handler (make it executable):
+   #!/bin/bash
+   URL="$1"
+   # ... (see generated script for full content)
+
+3. Run: xdg-mime default kiro-oauth-handler.desktop x-scheme-handler/kiro`
+
+	case "windows":
+		return `To manually set up the Kiro protocol handler on Windows:
+
+1. Open Registry Editor (regedit.exe)
+2. Create key: HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Classes\kiro
+3. Set default value to: URL:Kiro Protocol
+4. Create string value "URL Protocol" with empty data
+5. Create subkey: shell\open\command
+6. Set default value to: "C:\path\to\handler.bat" "%1"`
+
+	case "darwin":
+		return `To manually set up the Kiro protocol handler on macOS:
+
+1. Create ~/Applications/KiroOAuthHandler.app bundle
+2. Add Info.plist with CFBundleURLTypes containing "kiro" scheme
+3. Create executable in Contents/MacOS/
+4. Run: /System/Library/.../lsregister -f ~/Applications/KiroOAuthHandler.app`
+
+	default:
+		return "Protocol handler setup is not supported on this platform."
+	}
+}
+
+// SetupProtocolHandlerIfNeeded checks and installs the protocol handler if needed.
+func SetupProtocolHandlerIfNeeded(handlerPort int) error {
+	if IsProtocolHandlerInstalled() {
+		log.Debug("Kiro protocol handler already installed")
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	fmt.Println("\n╔══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════╗")
+	fmt.Println("║       Kiro Protocol Handler Setup Required                 ║")
+	fmt.Println("╚══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════╝")
+	fmt.Println("\nTo enable Google/GitHub login, we need to install a protocol handler.")
+	fmt.Println("This allows your browser to redirect back to the CLI after authentication.")
+	fmt.Println("\nInstalling protocol handler...")
+
+	if err := InstallProtocolHandler(handlerPort); err != nil {
+		fmt.Printf("\n⚠ Automatic installation failed: %v\n", err)
+		fmt.Println("\nManual setup instructions:")
+		fmt.Println(strings.Repeat("-", 60))
+		fmt.Println(GetHandlerInstructions())
+		return err
+	}
+
+	fmt.Println("\n✓ Protocol handler installed successfully!")
+	return nil
+}

internal/auth/kiro/rate_limiter.go

@@ -0,0 +1,316 @@
+package kiro
+
+import (
+	"math"
+	"math/rand"
+	"strings"
+	"sync"
+	"time"
+)
+
+const (
+	DefaultMinTokenInterval  = 1 * time.Second
+	DefaultMaxTokenInterval  = 2 * time.Second
+	DefaultDailyMaxRequests  = 500
+	DefaultJitterPercent     = 0.3
+	DefaultBackoffBase       = 30 * time.Second
+	DefaultBackoffMax        = 5 * time.Minute
+	DefaultBackoffMultiplier = 1.5
+	DefaultSuspendCooldown   = 1 * time.Hour
+)
+
+// TokenState Token 状态
+type TokenState struct {
+	LastRequest    time.Time
+	RequestCount   int
+	CooldownEnd    time.Time
+	FailCount      int
+	DailyRequests  int
+	DailyResetTime time.Time
+	IsSuspended    bool
+	SuspendedAt    time.Time
+	SuspendReason  string
+}
+
+// RateLimiter 频率限制器
+type RateLimiter struct {
+	mu                sync.RWMutex
+	states            map[string]*TokenState
+	minTokenInterval  time.Duration
+	maxTokenInterval  time.Duration
+	dailyMaxRequests  int
+	jitterPercent     float64
+	backoffBase       time.Duration
+	backoffMax        time.Duration
+	backoffMultiplier float64
+	suspendCooldown   time.Duration
+	rng               *rand.Rand
+}
+
+// NewRateLimiter 创建默认配置的频率限制器
+func NewRateLimiter() *RateLimiter {
+	return &RateLimiter{
+		states:            make(map[string]*TokenState),
+		minTokenInterval:  DefaultMinTokenInterval,
+		maxTokenInterval:  DefaultMaxTokenInterval,
+		dailyMaxRequests:  DefaultDailyMaxRequests,
+		jitterPercent:     DefaultJitterPercent,
+		backoffBase:       DefaultBackoffBase,
+		backoffMax:        DefaultBackoffMax,
+		backoffMultiplier: DefaultBackoffMultiplier,
+		suspendCooldown:   DefaultSuspendCooldown,
+		rng:               rand.New(rand.NewSource(time.Now().UnixNano())),
+	}
+}
+
+// RateLimiterConfig 频率限制器配置
+type RateLimiterConfig struct {
+	MinTokenInterval  time.Duration
+	MaxTokenInterval  time.Duration
+	DailyMaxRequests  int
+	JitterPercent     float64
+	BackoffBase       time.Duration
+	BackoffMax        time.Duration
+	BackoffMultiplier float64
+	SuspendCooldown   time.Duration
+}
+
+// NewRateLimiterWithConfig 使用自定义配置创建频率限制器
+func NewRateLimiterWithConfig(cfg RateLimiterConfig) *RateLimiter {
+	rl := NewRateLimiter()
+	if cfg.MinTokenInterval > 0 {
+		rl.minTokenInterval = cfg.MinTokenInterval
+	}
+	if cfg.MaxTokenInterval > 0 {
+		rl.maxTokenInterval = cfg.MaxTokenInterval
+	}
+	if cfg.DailyMaxRequests > 0 {
+		rl.dailyMaxRequests = cfg.DailyMaxRequests
+	}
+	if cfg.JitterPercent > 0 {
+		rl.jitterPercent = cfg.JitterPercent
+	}
+	if cfg.BackoffBase > 0 {
+		rl.backoffBase = cfg.BackoffBase
+	}
+	if cfg.BackoffMax > 0 {
+		rl.backoffMax = cfg.BackoffMax
+	}
+	if cfg.BackoffMultiplier > 0 {
+		rl.backoffMultiplier = cfg.BackoffMultiplier
+	}
+	if cfg.SuspendCooldown > 0 {
+		rl.suspendCooldown = cfg.SuspendCooldown
+	}
+	return rl
+}
+
+// getOrCreateState 获取或创建 Token 状态
+func (rl *RateLimiter) getOrCreateState(tokenKey string) *TokenState {
+	state, exists := rl.states[tokenKey]
+	if !exists {
+		state = &TokenState{
+			DailyResetTime: time.Now().Truncate(24 * time.Hour).Add(24 * time.Hour),
+		}
+		rl.states[tokenKey] = state
+	}
+	return state
+}
+
+// resetDailyIfNeeded 如果需要则重置每日计数
+func (rl *RateLimiter) resetDailyIfNeeded(state *TokenState) {
+	now := time.Now()
+	if now.After(state.DailyResetTime) {
+		state.DailyRequests = 0
+		state.DailyResetTime = now.Truncate(24 * time.Hour).Add(24 * time.Hour)
+	}
+}
+
+// calculateInterval 计算带抖动的随机间隔
+func (rl *RateLimiter) calculateInterval() time.Duration {
+	baseInterval := rl.minTokenInterval + time.Duration(rl.rng.Int63n(int64(rl.maxTokenInterval-rl.minTokenInterval)))
+	jitter := time.Duration(float64(baseInterval) * rl.jitterPercent * (rl.rng.Float64()*2 - 1))
+	return baseInterval + jitter
+}
+
+// WaitForToken 等待 Token 可用（带抖动的随机间隔）
+func (rl *RateLimiter) WaitForToken(tokenKey string) {
+	rl.mu.Lock()
+	state := rl.getOrCreateState(tokenKey)
+	rl.resetDailyIfNeeded(state)
+
+	now := time.Now()
+
+	// 检查是否在冷却期
+	if now.Before(state.CooldownEnd) {
+		waitTime := state.CooldownEnd.Sub(now)
+		rl.mu.Unlock()
+		time.Sleep(waitTime)
+		rl.mu.Lock()
+		state = rl.getOrCreateState(tokenKey)
+		now = time.Now()
+	}
+
+	// 计算距离上次请求的间隔
+	interval := rl.calculateInterval()
+	nextAllowedTime := state.LastRequest.Add(interval)
+
+	if now.Before(nextAllowedTime) {
+		waitTime := nextAllowedTime.Sub(now)
+		rl.mu.Unlock()
+		time.Sleep(waitTime)
+		rl.mu.Lock()
+		state = rl.getOrCreateState(tokenKey)
+	}
+
+	state.LastRequest = time.Now()
+	state.RequestCount++
+	state.DailyRequests++
+	rl.mu.Unlock()
+}
+
+// MarkTokenFailed 标记 Token 失败
+func (rl *RateLimiter) MarkTokenFailed(tokenKey string) {
+	rl.mu.Lock()
+	defer rl.mu.Unlock()
+
+	state := rl.getOrCreateState(tokenKey)
+	state.FailCount++
+	state.CooldownEnd = time.Now().Add(rl.calculateBackoff(state.FailCount))
+}
+
+// MarkTokenSuccess 标记 Token 成功
+func (rl *RateLimiter) MarkTokenSuccess(tokenKey string) {
+	rl.mu.Lock()
+	defer rl.mu.Unlock()
+
+	state := rl.getOrCreateState(tokenKey)
+	state.FailCount = 0
+	state.CooldownEnd = time.Time{}
+}
+
+// CheckAndMarkSuspended 检测暂停错误并标记
+func (rl *RateLimiter) CheckAndMarkSuspended(tokenKey string, errorMsg string) bool {
+	suspendKeywords := []string{
+		"suspended",
+		"banned",
+		"disabled",
+		"account has been",
+		"access denied",
+		"rate limit exceeded",
+		"too many requests",
+		"quota exceeded",
+	}
+
+	lowerMsg := strings.ToLower(errorMsg)
+	for _, keyword := range suspendKeywords {
+		if strings.Contains(lowerMsg, keyword) {
+			rl.mu.Lock()
+			defer rl.mu.Unlock()
+
+			state := rl.getOrCreateState(tokenKey)
+			state.IsSuspended = true
+			state.SuspendedAt = time.Now()
+			state.SuspendReason = errorMsg
+			state.CooldownEnd = time.Now().Add(rl.suspendCooldown)
+			return true
+		}
+	}
+	return false
+}
+
+// IsTokenAvailable 检查 Token 是否可用
+func (rl *RateLimiter) IsTokenAvailable(tokenKey string) bool {
+	rl.mu.RLock()
+	defer rl.mu.RUnlock()
+
+	state, exists := rl.states[tokenKey]
+	if !exists {
+		return true
+	}
+
+	now := time.Now()
+
+	// 检查是否被暂停
+	if state.IsSuspended {
+		if now.After(state.SuspendedAt.Add(rl.suspendCooldown)) {
+			return true
+		}
+		return false
+	}
+
+	// 检查是否在冷却期
+	if now.Before(state.CooldownEnd) {
+		return false
+	}
+
+	// 检查每日请求限制
+	rl.mu.RUnlock()
+	rl.mu.Lock()
+	rl.resetDailyIfNeeded(state)
+	dailyRequests := state.DailyRequests
+	dailyMax := rl.dailyMaxRequests
+	rl.mu.Unlock()
+	rl.mu.RLock()
+
+	if dailyRequests >= dailyMax {
+		return false
+	}
+
+	return true
+}
+
+// calculateBackoff 计算指数退避时间
+func (rl *RateLimiter) calculateBackoff(failCount int) time.Duration {
+	if failCount <= 0 {
+		return 0
+	}
+
+	backoff := float64(rl.backoffBase) * math.Pow(rl.backoffMultiplier, float64(failCount-1))
+
+	// 添加抖动
+	jitter := backoff * rl.jitterPercent * (rl.rng.Float64()*2 - 1)
+	backoff += jitter
+
+	if time.Duration(backoff) > rl.backoffMax {
+		return rl.backoffMax
+	}
+	return time.Duration(backoff)
+}
+
+// GetTokenState 获取 Token 状态（只读）
+func (rl *RateLimiter) GetTokenState(tokenKey string) *TokenState {
+	rl.mu.RLock()
+	defer rl.mu.RUnlock()
+
+	state, exists := rl.states[tokenKey]
+	if !exists {
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	// 返回副本以防止外部修改
+	stateCopy := *state
+	return &stateCopy
+}
+
+// ClearTokenState 清除 Token 状态
+func (rl *RateLimiter) ClearTokenState(tokenKey string) {
+	rl.mu.Lock()
+	defer rl.mu.Unlock()
+	delete(rl.states, tokenKey)
+}
+
+// ResetSuspension 重置暂停状态
+func (rl *RateLimiter) ResetSuspension(tokenKey string) {
+	rl.mu.Lock()
+	defer rl.mu.Unlock()
+
+	state, exists := rl.states[tokenKey]
+	if exists {
+		state.IsSuspended = false
+		state.SuspendedAt = time.Time{}
+		state.SuspendReason = ""
+		state.CooldownEnd = time.Time{}
+		state.FailCount = 0
+	}
+}

internal/auth/kiro/rate_limiter_singleton.go

@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+package kiro
+
+import (
+	"sync"
+	"time"
+
+	log "github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
+)
+
+var (
+	globalRateLimiter     *RateLimiter
+	globalRateLimiterOnce sync.Once
+
+	globalCooldownManager     *CooldownManager
+	globalCooldownManagerOnce sync.Once
+	cooldownStopCh            chan struct{}
+)
+
+// GetGlobalRateLimiter returns the singleton RateLimiter instance.
+func GetGlobalRateLimiter() *RateLimiter {
+	globalRateLimiterOnce.Do(func() {
+		globalRateLimiter = NewRateLimiter()
+		log.Info("kiro: global RateLimiter initialized")
+	})
+	return globalRateLimiter
+}
+
+// GetGlobalCooldownManager returns the singleton CooldownManager instance.
+func GetGlobalCooldownManager() *CooldownManager {
+	globalCooldownManagerOnce.Do(func() {
+		globalCooldownManager = NewCooldownManager()
+		cooldownStopCh = make(chan struct{})
+		go globalCooldownManager.StartCleanupRoutine(5*time.Minute, cooldownStopCh)
+		log.Info("kiro: global CooldownManager initialized with cleanup routine")
+	})
+	return globalCooldownManager
+}
+
+// ShutdownRateLimiters stops the cooldown cleanup routine.
+// Should be called during application shutdown.
+func ShutdownRateLimiters() {
+	if cooldownStopCh != nil {
+		close(cooldownStopCh)
+		log.Info("kiro: rate limiter cleanup routine stopped")
+	}
+}

internal/auth/kiro/rate_limiter_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,304 @@
+package kiro
+
+import (
+	"sync"
+	"testing"
+	"time"
+)
+
+func TestNewRateLimiter(t *testing.T) {
+	rl := NewRateLimiter()
+	if rl == nil {
+		t.Fatal("expected non-nil RateLimiter")
+	}
+	if rl.states == nil {
+		t.Error("expected non-nil states map")
+	}
+	if rl.minTokenInterval != DefaultMinTokenInterval {
+		t.Errorf("expected minTokenInterval %v, got %v", DefaultMinTokenInterval, rl.minTokenInterval)
+	}
+	if rl.maxTokenInterval != DefaultMaxTokenInterval {
+		t.Errorf("expected maxTokenInterval %v, got %v", DefaultMaxTokenInterval, rl.maxTokenInterval)
+	}
+	if rl.dailyMaxRequests != DefaultDailyMaxRequests {
+		t.Errorf("expected dailyMaxRequests %d, got %d", DefaultDailyMaxRequests, rl.dailyMaxRequests)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestNewRateLimiterWithConfig(t *testing.T) {
+	cfg := RateLimiterConfig{
+		MinTokenInterval:  5 * time.Second,
+		MaxTokenInterval:  15 * time.Second,
+		DailyMaxRequests:  100,
+		JitterPercent:     0.2,
+		BackoffBase:       1 * time.Minute,
+		BackoffMax:        30 * time.Minute,
+		BackoffMultiplier: 1.5,
+		SuspendCooldown:   12 * time.Hour,
+	}
+
+	rl := NewRateLimiterWithConfig(cfg)
+	if rl.minTokenInterval != 5*time.Second {
+		t.Errorf("expected minTokenInterval 5s, got %v", rl.minTokenInterval)
+	}
+	if rl.maxTokenInterval != 15*time.Second {
+		t.Errorf("expected maxTokenInterval 15s, got %v", rl.maxTokenInterval)
+	}
+	if rl.dailyMaxRequests != 100 {
+		t.Errorf("expected dailyMaxRequests 100, got %d", rl.dailyMaxRequests)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestNewRateLimiterWithConfig_PartialConfig(t *testing.T) {
+	cfg := RateLimiterConfig{
+		MinTokenInterval: 5 * time.Second,
+	}
+
+	rl := NewRateLimiterWithConfig(cfg)
+	if rl.minTokenInterval != 5*time.Second {
+		t.Errorf("expected minTokenInterval 5s, got %v", rl.minTokenInterval)
+	}
+	if rl.maxTokenInterval != DefaultMaxTokenInterval {
+		t.Errorf("expected default maxTokenInterval, got %v", rl.maxTokenInterval)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestGetTokenState_NonExistent(t *testing.T) {
+	rl := NewRateLimiter()
+	state := rl.GetTokenState("nonexistent")
+	if state != nil {
+		t.Error("expected nil state for non-existent token")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestIsTokenAvailable_NewToken(t *testing.T) {
+	rl := NewRateLimiter()
+	if !rl.IsTokenAvailable("newtoken") {
+		t.Error("expected new token to be available")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestMarkTokenFailed(t *testing.T) {
+	rl := NewRateLimiter()
+	rl.MarkTokenFailed("token1")
+
+	state := rl.GetTokenState("token1")
+	if state == nil {
+		t.Fatal("expected non-nil state")
+	}
+	if state.FailCount != 1 {
+		t.Errorf("expected FailCount 1, got %d", state.FailCount)
+	}
+	if state.CooldownEnd.IsZero() {
+		t.Error("expected non-zero CooldownEnd")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestMarkTokenSuccess(t *testing.T) {
+	rl := NewRateLimiter()
+	rl.MarkTokenFailed("token1")
+	rl.MarkTokenFailed("token1")
+	rl.MarkTokenSuccess("token1")
+
+	state := rl.GetTokenState("token1")
+	if state == nil {
+		t.Fatal("expected non-nil state")
+	}
+	if state.FailCount != 0 {
+		t.Errorf("expected FailCount 0, got %d", state.FailCount)
+	}
+	if !state.CooldownEnd.IsZero() {
+		t.Error("expected zero CooldownEnd after success")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestCheckAndMarkSuspended_Suspended(t *testing.T) {
+	rl := NewRateLimiter()
+
+	testCases := []string{
+		"Account has been suspended",
+		"You are banned from this service",
+		"Account disabled",
+		"Access denied permanently",
+		"Rate limit exceeded",
+		"Too many requests",
+		"Quota exceeded for today",
+	}
+
+	for i, msg := range testCases {
+		tokenKey := "token" + string(rune('a'+i))
+		if !rl.CheckAndMarkSuspended(tokenKey, msg) {
+			t.Errorf("expected suspension detected for: %s", msg)
+		}
+		state := rl.GetTokenState(tokenKey)
+		if !state.IsSuspended {
+			t.Errorf("expected IsSuspended true for: %s", msg)
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+func TestCheckAndMarkSuspended_NotSuspended(t *testing.T) {
+	rl := NewRateLimiter()
+
+	normalErrors := []string{
+		"connection timeout",
+		"internal server error",
+		"bad request",
+		"invalid token format",
+	}
+
+	for i, msg := range normalErrors {
+		tokenKey := "token" + string(rune('a'+i))
+		if rl.CheckAndMarkSuspended(tokenKey, msg) {
+			t.Errorf("unexpected suspension for: %s", msg)
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+func TestIsTokenAvailable_Suspended(t *testing.T) {
+	rl := NewRateLimiter()
+	rl.CheckAndMarkSuspended("token1", "Account suspended")
+
+	if rl.IsTokenAvailable("token1") {
+		t.Error("expected suspended token to be unavailable")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestClearTokenState(t *testing.T) {
+	rl := NewRateLimiter()
+	rl.MarkTokenFailed("token1")
+	rl.ClearTokenState("token1")
+
+	state := rl.GetTokenState("token1")
+	if state != nil {
+		t.Error("expected nil state after clear")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestResetSuspension(t *testing.T) {
+	rl := NewRateLimiter()
+	rl.CheckAndMarkSuspended("token1", "Account suspended")
+	rl.ResetSuspension("token1")
+
+	state := rl.GetTokenState("token1")
+	if state.IsSuspended {
+		t.Error("expected IsSuspended false after reset")
+	}
+	if state.FailCount != 0 {
+		t.Errorf("expected FailCount 0, got %d", state.FailCount)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestResetSuspension_NonExistent(t *testing.T) {
+	rl := NewRateLimiter()
+	rl.ResetSuspension("nonexistent")
+}
+
+func TestCalculateBackoff_ZeroFailCount(t *testing.T) {
+	rl := NewRateLimiter()
+	backoff := rl.calculateBackoff(0)
+	if backoff != 0 {
+		t.Errorf("expected 0 backoff for 0 fails, got %v", backoff)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestCalculateBackoff_Exponential(t *testing.T) {
+	cfg := RateLimiterConfig{
+		BackoffBase:       1 * time.Minute,
+		BackoffMax:        60 * time.Minute,
+		BackoffMultiplier: 2.0,
+		JitterPercent:     0.3,
+	}
+	rl := NewRateLimiterWithConfig(cfg)
+
+	backoff1 := rl.calculateBackoff(1)
+	if backoff1 < 40*time.Second || backoff1 > 80*time.Second {
+		t.Errorf("expected ~1min (with jitter) for fail 1, got %v", backoff1)
+	}
+
+	backoff2 := rl.calculateBackoff(2)
+	if backoff2 < 80*time.Second || backoff2 > 160*time.Second {
+		t.Errorf("expected ~2min (with jitter) for fail 2, got %v", backoff2)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestCalculateBackoff_MaxCap(t *testing.T) {
+	cfg := RateLimiterConfig{
+		BackoffBase:       1 * time.Minute,
+		BackoffMax:        10 * time.Minute,
+		BackoffMultiplier: 2.0,
+		JitterPercent:     0,
+	}
+	rl := NewRateLimiterWithConfig(cfg)
+
+	backoff := rl.calculateBackoff(10)
+	if backoff > 10*time.Minute {
+		t.Errorf("expected backoff capped at 10min, got %v", backoff)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestGetTokenState_ReturnsCopy(t *testing.T) {
+	rl := NewRateLimiter()
+	rl.MarkTokenFailed("token1")
+
+	state1 := rl.GetTokenState("token1")
+	state1.FailCount = 999
+
+	state2 := rl.GetTokenState("token1")
+	if state2.FailCount == 999 {
+		t.Error("GetTokenState should return a copy")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestRateLimiter_ConcurrentAccess(t *testing.T) {
+	rl := NewRateLimiter()
+	const numGoroutines = 50
+	const numOperations = 50
+
+	var wg sync.WaitGroup
+	wg.Add(numGoroutines)
+
+	for i := 0; i < numGoroutines; i++ {
+		go func(id int) {
+			defer wg.Done()
+			tokenKey := "token" + string(rune('a'+id%10))
+			for j := 0; j < numOperations; j++ {
+				switch j % 6 {
+				case 0:
+					rl.IsTokenAvailable(tokenKey)
+				case 1:
+					rl.MarkTokenFailed(tokenKey)
+				case 2:
+					rl.MarkTokenSuccess(tokenKey)
+				case 3:
+					rl.GetTokenState(tokenKey)
+				case 4:
+					rl.CheckAndMarkSuspended(tokenKey, "test error")
+				case 5:
+					rl.ResetSuspension(tokenKey)
+				}
+			}
+		}(i)
+	}
+
+	wg.Wait()
+}
+
+func TestCalculateInterval_WithinRange(t *testing.T) {
+	cfg := RateLimiterConfig{
+		MinTokenInterval: 10 * time.Second,
+		MaxTokenInterval: 30 * time.Second,
+		JitterPercent:    0.3,
+	}
+	rl := NewRateLimiterWithConfig(cfg)
+
+	minAllowed := 7 * time.Second
+	maxAllowed := 40 * time.Second
+
+	for i := 0; i < 100; i++ {
+		interval := rl.calculateInterval()
+		if interval < minAllowed || interval > maxAllowed {
+			t.Errorf("interval %v outside expected range [%v, %v]", interval, minAllowed, maxAllowed)
+		}
+	}
+}

internal/auth/kiro/refresh_manager.go

@@ -0,0 +1,202 @@
+package kiro
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"sync"
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/router-for-me/CLIProxyAPI/v6/internal/config"
+	"github.com/router-for-me/CLIProxyAPI/v6/internal/util"
+	log "github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
+)
+
+// RefreshManager is a singleton manager for background token refreshing.
+type RefreshManager struct {
+	mu               sync.Mutex
+	refresher        *BackgroundRefresher
+	ctx              context.Context
+	cancel           context.CancelFunc
+	started          bool
+	onTokenRefreshed func(tokenID string, tokenData *KiroTokenData)
+}
+
+var (
+	globalRefreshManager *RefreshManager
+	managerOnce          sync.Once
+)
+
+// GetRefreshManager returns the global RefreshManager singleton.
+func GetRefreshManager() *RefreshManager {
+	managerOnce.Do(func() {
+		globalRefreshManager = &RefreshManager{}
+	})
+	return globalRefreshManager
+}
+
+// Initialize sets up the background refresher.
+func (m *RefreshManager) Initialize(baseDir string, cfg *config.Config) error {
+	m.mu.Lock()
+	defer m.mu.Unlock()
+
+	if m.started {
+		log.Debug("refresh manager: already initialized")
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	if baseDir == "" {
+		log.Warn("refresh manager: base directory not provided, skipping initialization")
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	resolvedBaseDir, err := util.ResolveAuthDir(baseDir)
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Warnf("refresh manager: failed to resolve auth directory %s: %v", baseDir, err)
+	}
+	if resolvedBaseDir != "" {
+		baseDir = resolvedBaseDir
+	}
+
+	repo := NewFileTokenRepository(baseDir)
+
+	opts := []RefresherOption{
+		WithInterval(time.Minute),
+		WithBatchSize(50),
+		WithConcurrency(10),
+		WithConfig(cfg),
+	}
+
+	// Pass callback to BackgroundRefresher if already set
+	if m.onTokenRefreshed != nil {
+		opts = append(opts, WithOnTokenRefreshed(m.onTokenRefreshed))
+	}
+
+	m.refresher = NewBackgroundRefresher(repo, opts...)
+
+	log.Infof("refresh manager: initialized with base directory %s", baseDir)
+	return nil
+}
+
+// Start begins background token refreshing.
+func (m *RefreshManager) Start() {
+	m.mu.Lock()
+	defer m.mu.Unlock()
+
+	if m.started {
+		log.Debug("refresh manager: already started")
+		return
+	}
+
+	if m.refresher == nil {
+		log.Warn("refresh manager: not initialized, cannot start")
+		return
+	}
+
+	m.ctx, m.cancel = context.WithCancel(context.Background())
+	m.refresher.Start(m.ctx)
+	m.started = true
+
+	log.Info("refresh manager: background refresh started")
+}
+
+// Stop halts background token refreshing.
+func (m *RefreshManager) Stop() {
+	m.mu.Lock()
+	defer m.mu.Unlock()
+
+	if !m.started {
+		return
+	}
+
+	if m.cancel != nil {
+		m.cancel()
+	}
+
+	if m.refresher != nil {
+		m.refresher.Stop()
+	}
+
+	m.started = false
+	log.Info("refresh manager: background refresh stopped")
+}
+
+// IsRunning reports whether background refreshing is active.
+func (m *RefreshManager) IsRunning() bool {
+	m.mu.Lock()
+	defer m.mu.Unlock()
+	return m.started
+}
+
+// UpdateBaseDir changes the token directory at runtime.
+func (m *RefreshManager) UpdateBaseDir(baseDir string) {
+	m.mu.Lock()
+	defer m.mu.Unlock()
+
+	if m.refresher != nil && m.refresher.tokenRepo != nil {
+		if repo, ok := m.refresher.tokenRepo.(*FileTokenRepository); ok {
+			repo.SetBaseDir(baseDir)
+			log.Infof("refresh manager: updated base directory to %s", baseDir)
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+// SetOnTokenRefreshed registers a callback invoked after a successful token refresh.
+// Can be called at any time; supports runtime callback updates.
+func (m *RefreshManager) SetOnTokenRefreshed(callback func(tokenID string, tokenData *KiroTokenData)) {
+	m.mu.Lock()
+	defer m.mu.Unlock()
+
+	m.onTokenRefreshed = callback
+
+	// Update the refresher's callback in a thread-safe manner if already created
+	if m.refresher != nil {
+		m.refresher.callbackMu.Lock()
+		m.refresher.onTokenRefreshed = callback
+		m.refresher.callbackMu.Unlock()
+	}
+
+	log.Debug("refresh manager: token refresh callback registered")
+}
+
+// InitializeAndStart initializes and starts background refreshing (convenience method).
+func InitializeAndStart(baseDir string, cfg *config.Config) {
+	// Initialize global fingerprint config
+	initGlobalFingerprintConfig(cfg)
+
+	manager := GetRefreshManager()
+	if err := manager.Initialize(baseDir, cfg); err != nil {
+		log.Errorf("refresh manager: initialization failed: %v", err)
+		return
+	}
+	manager.Start()
+}
+
+// initGlobalFingerprintConfig loads fingerprint settings from application config.
+func initGlobalFingerprintConfig(cfg *config.Config) {
+	if cfg == nil || cfg.KiroFingerprint == nil {
+		return
+	}
+	fpCfg := cfg.KiroFingerprint
+	SetGlobalFingerprintConfig(&FingerprintConfig{
+		OIDCSDKVersion:      fpCfg.OIDCSDKVersion,
+		RuntimeSDKVersion:   fpCfg.RuntimeSDKVersion,
+		StreamingSDKVersion: fpCfg.StreamingSDKVersion,
+		OSType:              fpCfg.OSType,
+		OSVersion:           fpCfg.OSVersion,
+		NodeVersion:         fpCfg.NodeVersion,
+		KiroVersion:         fpCfg.KiroVersion,
+		KiroHash:            fpCfg.KiroHash,
+	})
+	log.Debug("kiro: global fingerprint config loaded")
+}
+
+// InitFingerprintConfig initializes the global fingerprint config from application config.
+func InitFingerprintConfig(cfg *config.Config) {
+	initGlobalFingerprintConfig(cfg)
+}
+
+// StopGlobalRefreshManager stops the global refresh manager.
+func StopGlobalRefreshManager() {
+	if globalRefreshManager != nil {
+		globalRefreshManager.Stop()
+	}
+}

internal/auth/kiro/refresh_utils.go

@@ -0,0 +1,159 @@
+// Package kiro provides refresh utilities for Kiro token management.
+package kiro
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"fmt"
+	"time"
+
+	log "github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
+)
+
+// RefreshResult contains the result of a token refresh attempt.
+type RefreshResult struct {
+	TokenData    *KiroTokenData
+	Error        error
+	UsedFallback bool // True if we used the existing token as fallback
+}
+
+// RefreshWithGracefulDegradation attempts to refresh a token with graceful degradation.
+// If refresh fails but the existing access token is still valid, it returns the existing token.
+// This matches kiro-openai-gateway's behavior for better reliability.
+//
+// Parameters:
+//   - ctx: Context for the request
+//   - refreshFunc: Function to perform the actual refresh
+//   - existingAccessToken: Current access token (for fallback)
+//   - expiresAt: Expiration time of the existing token
+//
+// Returns:
+//   - RefreshResult containing the new or existing token data
+func RefreshWithGracefulDegradation(
+	ctx context.Context,
+	refreshFunc func(ctx context.Context) (*KiroTokenData, error),
+	existingAccessToken string,
+	expiresAt time.Time,
+) RefreshResult {
+	// Try to refresh the token
+	newTokenData, err := refreshFunc(ctx)
+	if err == nil {
+		return RefreshResult{
+			TokenData:    newTokenData,
+			Error:        nil,
+			UsedFallback: false,
+		}
+	}
+
+	// Refresh failed - check if we can use the existing token
+	log.Warnf("kiro: token refresh failed: %v", err)
+
+	// Check if existing token is still valid (not expired)
+	if existingAccessToken != "" && time.Now().Before(expiresAt) {
+		remainingTime := time.Until(expiresAt)
+		log.Warnf("kiro: using existing access token (expires in %v). Will retry refresh later.", remainingTime.Round(time.Second))
+
+		return RefreshResult{
+			TokenData: &KiroTokenData{
+				AccessToken: existingAccessToken,
+				ExpiresAt:   expiresAt.Format(time.RFC3339),
+			},
+			Error:        nil,
+			UsedFallback: true,
+		}
+	}
+
+	// Token is expired and refresh failed - return the error
+	return RefreshResult{
+		TokenData:    nil,
+		Error:        fmt.Errorf("token refresh failed and existing token is expired: %w", err),
+		UsedFallback: false,
+	}
+}
+
+// IsTokenExpiringSoon checks if a token is expiring within the given threshold.
+// Default threshold is 5 minutes if not specified.
+func IsTokenExpiringSoon(expiresAt time.Time, threshold time.Duration) bool {
+	if threshold == 0 {
+		threshold = 5 * time.Minute
+	}
+	return time.Now().Add(threshold).After(expiresAt)
+}
+
+// IsTokenExpired checks if a token has already expired.
+func IsTokenExpired(expiresAt time.Time) bool {
+	return time.Now().After(expiresAt)
+}
+
+// ParseExpiresAt parses an expiration time string in RFC3339 format.
+// Returns zero time if parsing fails.
+func ParseExpiresAt(expiresAtStr string) time.Time {
+	if expiresAtStr == "" {
+		return time.Time{}
+	}
+	t, err := time.Parse(time.RFC3339, expiresAtStr)
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Debugf("kiro: failed to parse expiresAt '%s': %v", expiresAtStr, err)
+		return time.Time{}
+	}
+	return t
+}
+
+// RefreshConfig contains configuration for token refresh behavior.
+type RefreshConfig struct {
+	// MaxRetries is the maximum number of refresh attempts (default: 1)
+	MaxRetries int
+	// RetryDelay is the delay between retry attempts (default: 1 second)
+	RetryDelay time.Duration
+	// RefreshThreshold is how early to refresh before expiration (default: 5 minutes)
+	RefreshThreshold time.Duration
+	// EnableGracefulDegradation allows using existing token if refresh fails (default: true)
+	EnableGracefulDegradation bool
+}
+
+// DefaultRefreshConfig returns the default refresh configuration.
+func DefaultRefreshConfig() RefreshConfig {
+	return RefreshConfig{
+		MaxRetries:                1,
+		RetryDelay:                time.Second,
+		RefreshThreshold:          5 * time.Minute,
+		EnableGracefulDegradation: true,
+	}
+}
+
+// RefreshWithRetry attempts to refresh a token with retry logic.
+func RefreshWithRetry(
+	ctx context.Context,
+	refreshFunc func(ctx context.Context) (*KiroTokenData, error),
+	config RefreshConfig,
+) (*KiroTokenData, error) {
+	var lastErr error
+
+	maxAttempts := config.MaxRetries + 1
+	if maxAttempts < 1 {
+		maxAttempts = 1
+	}
+
+	for attempt := 1; attempt <= maxAttempts; attempt++ {
+		tokenData, err := refreshFunc(ctx)
+		if err == nil {
+			if attempt > 1 {
+				log.Infof("kiro: token refresh succeeded on attempt %d", attempt)
+			}
+			return tokenData, nil
+		}
+
+		lastErr = err
+		log.Warnf("kiro: token refresh attempt %d/%d failed: %v", attempt, maxAttempts, err)
+
+		// Don't sleep after the last attempt
+		if attempt < maxAttempts {
+			select {
+			case <-ctx.Done():
+				return nil, ctx.Err()
+			case <-time.After(config.RetryDelay):
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	return nil, fmt.Errorf("token refresh failed after %d attempts: %w", maxAttempts, lastErr)
+}

internal/auth/kiro/social_auth.go

@@ -0,0 +1,488 @@
+// Package kiro provides social authentication (Google/GitHub) for Kiro via AuthServiceClient.
+package kiro
+
+import (
+	"bufio"
+	"context"
+	"crypto/rand"
+	"crypto/sha256"
+	"encoding/base64"
+	"encoding/json"
+	"fmt"
+	"html"
+	"io"
+	"net"
+	"net/http"
+	"net/url"
+	"os"
+	"os/exec"
+	"runtime"
+	"strings"
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/router-for-me/CLIProxyAPI/v6/internal/browser"
+	"github.com/router-for-me/CLIProxyAPI/v6/internal/config"
+	"github.com/router-for-me/CLIProxyAPI/v6/internal/util"
+	log "github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
+	"golang.org/x/term"
+)
+
+const (
+	// Kiro AuthService endpoint
+	kiroAuthServiceEndpoint = "https://prod.us-east-1.auth.desktop.kiro.dev"
+
+	// OAuth timeout
+	socialAuthTimeout = 10 * time.Minute
+
+	// Default callback port for social auth HTTP server
+	socialAuthCallbackPort = 9876
+)
+
+// SocialProvider represents the social login provider.
+type SocialProvider string
+
+const (
+	// ProviderGoogle is Google OAuth provider
+	ProviderGoogle SocialProvider = "Google"
+	// ProviderGitHub is GitHub OAuth provider
+	ProviderGitHub SocialProvider = "Github"
+	// Note: AWS Builder ID is NOT supported by Kiro's auth service.
+	// It only supports: Google, Github, Cognito
+	// AWS Builder ID must use device code flow via SSO OIDC.
+)
+
+// CreateTokenRequest is sent to Kiro's /oauth/token endpoint.
+type CreateTokenRequest struct {
+	Code           string `json:"code"`
+	CodeVerifier   string `json:"code_verifier"`
+	RedirectURI    string `json:"redirect_uri"`
+	InvitationCode string `json:"invitation_code,omitempty"`
+}
+
+// SocialTokenResponse from Kiro's /oauth/token endpoint for social auth.
+type SocialTokenResponse struct {
+	AccessToken  string `json:"accessToken"`
+	RefreshToken string `json:"refreshToken"`
+	ProfileArn   string `json:"profileArn"`
+	ExpiresIn    int    `json:"expiresIn"`
+}
+
+// RefreshTokenRequest is sent to Kiro's /refreshToken endpoint.
+type RefreshTokenRequest struct {
+	RefreshToken string `json:"refreshToken"`
+}
+
+// WebCallbackResult contains the OAuth callback result from HTTP server.
+type WebCallbackResult struct {
+	Code  string
+	State string
+	Error string
+}
+
+// SocialAuthClient handles social authentication with Kiro.
+type SocialAuthClient struct {
+	httpClient      *http.Client
+	cfg             *config.Config
+	protocolHandler *ProtocolHandler
+	machineID       string
+	kiroVersion     string
+}
+
+// NewSocialAuthClient creates a new social auth client.
+func NewSocialAuthClient(cfg *config.Config) *SocialAuthClient {
+	client := &http.Client{Timeout: 30 * time.Second}
+	if cfg != nil {
+		client = util.SetProxy(&cfg.SDKConfig, client)
+	}
+	fp := GlobalFingerprintManager().GetFingerprint("login")
+	return &SocialAuthClient{
+		httpClient:      client,
+		cfg:             cfg,
+		protocolHandler: NewProtocolHandler(),
+		machineID:       fp.KiroHash,
+		kiroVersion:     fp.KiroVersion,
+	}
+}
+
+// startWebCallbackServer starts a local HTTP server to receive the OAuth callback.
+// This is used instead of the kiro:// protocol handler to avoid redirect_mismatch errors.
+func (c *SocialAuthClient) startWebCallbackServer(ctx context.Context, expectedState string) (string, <-chan WebCallbackResult, error) {
+	// Try to find an available port - use localhost like Kiro does
+	listener, err := net.Listen("tcp", fmt.Sprintf("localhost:%d", socialAuthCallbackPort))
+	if err != nil {
+		// Try with dynamic port (RFC 8252 allows dynamic ports for native apps)
+		log.Warnf("kiro social auth: default port %d is busy, falling back to dynamic port", socialAuthCallbackPort)
+		listener, err = net.Listen("tcp", "localhost:0")
+		if err != nil {
+			return "", nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to start callback server: %w", err)
+		}
+	}
+
+	port := listener.Addr().(*net.TCPAddr).Port
+	// Use http scheme for local callback server
+	redirectURI := fmt.Sprintf("http://localhost:%d/oauth/callback", port)
+	resultChan := make(chan WebCallbackResult, 1)
+
+	server := &http.Server{
+		ReadHeaderTimeout: 10 * time.Second,
+	}
+
+	mux := http.NewServeMux()
+	mux.HandleFunc("/oauth/callback", func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
+		code := r.URL.Query().Get("code")
+		state := r.URL.Query().Get("state")
+		errParam := r.URL.Query().Get("error")
+
+		if errParam != "" {
+			w.Header().Set("Content-Type", "text/html; charset=utf-8")
+			w.WriteHeader(http.StatusBadRequest)
+			fmt.Fprintf(w, `<!DOCTYPE html>
+<html><head><title>Login Failed</title></head>
+<body><h1>Login Failed</h1><p>%s</p><p>You can close this window.</p></body></html>`, html.EscapeString(errParam))
+			resultChan <- WebCallbackResult{Error: errParam}
+			return
+		}
+
+		if state != expectedState {
+			w.Header().Set("Content-Type", "text/html; charset=utf-8")
+			w.WriteHeader(http.StatusBadRequest)
+			fmt.Fprint(w, `<!DOCTYPE html>
+<html><head><title>Login Failed</title></head>
+<body><h1>Login Failed</h1><p>Invalid state parameter</p><p>You can close this window.</p></body></html>`)
+			resultChan <- WebCallbackResult{Error: "state mismatch"}
+			return
+		}
+
+		w.Header().Set("Content-Type", "text/html; charset=utf-8")
+		fmt.Fprint(w, `<!DOCTYPE html>
+<html><head><title>Login Successful</title></head>
+<body><h1>Login Successful!</h1><p>You can close this window and return to the terminal.</p>
+<script>window.close();</script></body></html>`)
+		resultChan <- WebCallbackResult{Code: code, State: state}
+	})
+
+	server.Handler = mux
+
+	go func() {
+		if err := server.Serve(listener); err != nil && err != http.ErrServerClosed {
+			log.Debugf("kiro social auth callback server error: %v", err)
+		}
+	}()
+
+	go func() {
+		select {
+		case <-ctx.Done():
+		case <-time.After(socialAuthTimeout):
+		case <-resultChan:
+		}
+		_ = server.Shutdown(context.Background())
+	}()
+
+	return redirectURI, resultChan, nil
+}
+
+// generatePKCE generates PKCE code verifier and challenge.
+func generatePKCE() (verifier, challenge string, err error) {
+	// Generate 32 bytes of random data for verifier
+	b := make([]byte, 32)
+	if _, err := rand.Read(b); err != nil {
+		return "", "", fmt.Errorf("failed to generate random bytes: %w", err)
+	}
+	verifier = base64.RawURLEncoding.EncodeToString(b)
+
+	// Generate SHA256 hash of verifier for challenge
+	h := sha256.Sum256([]byte(verifier))
+	challenge = base64.RawURLEncoding.EncodeToString(h[:])
+
+	return verifier, challenge, nil
+}
+
+// generateState generates a random state parameter.
+func generateStateParam() (string, error) {
+	b := make([]byte, 16)
+	if _, err := rand.Read(b); err != nil {
+		return "", err
+	}
+	return base64.RawURLEncoding.EncodeToString(b), nil
+}
+
+// buildLoginURL constructs the Kiro OAuth login URL.
+// The login endpoint expects a GET request with query parameters.
+// Format: /login?idp=Google&redirect_uri=...&code_challenge=...&code_challenge_method=S256&state=...&prompt=select_account
+// The prompt=select_account parameter forces the account selection screen even if already logged in.
+func (c *SocialAuthClient) buildLoginURL(provider, redirectURI, codeChallenge, state string) string {
+	return fmt.Sprintf("%s/login?idp=%s&redirect_uri=%s&code_challenge=%s&code_challenge_method=S256&state=%s&prompt=select_account",
+		kiroAuthServiceEndpoint,
+		provider,
+		url.QueryEscape(redirectURI),
+		codeChallenge,
+		state,
+	)
+}
+
+// CreateToken exchanges the authorization code for tokens.
+func (c *SocialAuthClient) CreateToken(ctx context.Context, req *CreateTokenRequest) (*SocialTokenResponse, error) {
+	body, err := json.Marshal(req)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to marshal token request: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	tokenURL := kiroAuthServiceEndpoint + "/oauth/token"
+	httpReq, err := http.NewRequestWithContext(ctx, http.MethodPost, tokenURL, strings.NewReader(string(body)))
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to create token request: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	httpReq.Header.Set("Content-Type", "application/json")
+	httpReq.Header.Set("User-Agent", fmt.Sprintf("KiroIDE-%s-%s", c.kiroVersion, c.machineID))
+	httpReq.Header.Set("Accept", "application/json, text/plain, */*")
+
+	resp, err := c.httpClient.Do(httpReq)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("token request failed: %w", err)
+	}
+	defer resp.Body.Close()
+
+	respBody, err := io.ReadAll(resp.Body)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to read token response: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	if resp.StatusCode != http.StatusOK {
+		log.Debugf("token exchange failed (status %d): %s", resp.StatusCode, string(respBody))
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("token exchange failed (status %d)", resp.StatusCode)
+	}
+
+	var tokenResp SocialTokenResponse
+	if err := json.Unmarshal(respBody, &tokenResp); err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to parse token response: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	return &tokenResp, nil
+}
+
+// RefreshSocialToken refreshes an expired social auth token.
+func (c *SocialAuthClient) RefreshSocialToken(ctx context.Context, refreshToken string) (*KiroTokenData, error) {
+	body, err := json.Marshal(&RefreshTokenRequest{RefreshToken: refreshToken})
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to marshal refresh request: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	refreshURL := kiroAuthServiceEndpoint + "/refreshToken"
+	httpReq, err := http.NewRequestWithContext(ctx, http.MethodPost, refreshURL, strings.NewReader(string(body)))
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to create refresh request: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	httpReq.Header.Set("Content-Type", "application/json")
+	httpReq.Header.Set("User-Agent", fmt.Sprintf("KiroIDE-%s-%s", c.kiroVersion, c.machineID))
+	httpReq.Header.Set("Accept", "application/json, text/plain, */*")
+
+	resp, err := c.httpClient.Do(httpReq)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("refresh request failed: %w", err)
+	}
+	defer resp.Body.Close()
+
+	respBody, err := io.ReadAll(resp.Body)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to read refresh response: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	if resp.StatusCode != http.StatusOK {
+		log.Debugf("token refresh failed (status %d): %s", resp.StatusCode, string(respBody))
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("token refresh failed (status %d)", resp.StatusCode)
+	}
+
+	var tokenResp SocialTokenResponse
+	if err := json.Unmarshal(respBody, &tokenResp); err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to parse refresh response: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	// Validate ExpiresIn - use default 1 hour if invalid
+	expiresIn := tokenResp.ExpiresIn
+	if expiresIn <= 0 {
+		expiresIn = 3600 // Default 1 hour
+	}
+	expiresAt := time.Now().Add(time.Duration(expiresIn) * time.Second)
+
+	return &KiroTokenData{
+		AccessToken:  tokenResp.AccessToken,
+		RefreshToken: tokenResp.RefreshToken,
+		ProfileArn:   tokenResp.ProfileArn,
+		ExpiresAt:    expiresAt.Format(time.RFC3339),
+		AuthMethod:   "social",
+		Provider:     "", // Caller should preserve original provider
+		Region:       "us-east-1",
+	}, nil
+}
+
+// LoginWithSocial performs OAuth login with Google or GitHub.
+// Uses local HTTP callback server instead of custom protocol handler to avoid redirect_mismatch errors.
+func (c *SocialAuthClient) LoginWithSocial(ctx context.Context, provider SocialProvider) (*KiroTokenData, error) {
+	providerName := string(provider)
+
+	fmt.Println("\n╔══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════╗")
+	fmt.Printf("║         Kiro Authentication (%s)                    ║\n", providerName)
+	fmt.Println("╚══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════╝")
+
+	// Step 1: Start local HTTP callback server (instead of kiro:// protocol handler)
+	// This avoids redirect_mismatch errors with AWS Cognito
+	fmt.Println("\nSetting up authentication...")
+
+	// Step 2: Generate PKCE codes
+	codeVerifier, codeChallenge, err := generatePKCE()
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to generate PKCE: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	// Step 3: Generate state
+	state, err := generateStateParam()
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to generate state: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	// Step 4: Start local HTTP callback server
+	redirectURI, resultChan, err := c.startWebCallbackServer(ctx, state)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to start callback server: %w", err)
+	}
+	log.Debugf("kiro social auth: callback server started at %s", redirectURI)
+
+	// Step 5: Build the login URL using HTTP redirect URI
+	authURL := c.buildLoginURL(providerName, redirectURI, codeChallenge, state)
+
+	// Set incognito mode based on config (defaults to true for Kiro, can be overridden with --no-incognito)
+	// Incognito mode enables multi-account support by bypassing cached sessions
+	if c.cfg != nil {
+		browser.SetIncognitoMode(c.cfg.IncognitoBrowser)
+		if !c.cfg.IncognitoBrowser {
+			log.Info("kiro: using normal browser mode (--no-incognito). Note: You may not be able to select a different account.")
+		} else {
+			log.Debug("kiro: using incognito mode for multi-account support")
+		}
+	} else {
+		browser.SetIncognitoMode(true) // Default to incognito if no config
+		log.Debug("kiro: using incognito mode for multi-account support (default)")
+	}
+
+	// Step 6: Open browser for user authentication
+	fmt.Println("\n════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════")
+	fmt.Printf("  Opening browser for %s authentication...\n", providerName)
+	fmt.Println("════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════")
+	fmt.Printf("\n  URL: %s\n\n", authURL)
+
+	if err := browser.OpenURL(authURL); err != nil {
+		log.Warnf("Could not open browser automatically: %v", err)
+		fmt.Println("  ⚠ Could not open browser automatically.")
+		fmt.Println("  Please open the URL above in your browser manually.")
+	} else {
+		fmt.Println("  (Browser opened automatically)")
+	}
+
+	fmt.Println("\n  Waiting for authentication callback...")
+
+	// Step 7: Wait for callback from HTTP server
+	select {
+	case <-ctx.Done():
+		return nil, ctx.Err()
+	case <-time.After(socialAuthTimeout):
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("authentication timed out")
+	case callback := <-resultChan:
+		if callback.Error != "" {
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("authentication error: %s", callback.Error)
+		}
+
+		// State is already validated by the callback server
+		if callback.Code == "" {
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("no authorization code received")
+		}
+
+		fmt.Println("\n✓ Authorization received!")
+
+		// Step 8: Exchange code for tokens
+		fmt.Println("Exchanging code for tokens...")
+
+		tokenReq := &CreateTokenRequest{
+			Code:         callback.Code,
+			CodeVerifier: codeVerifier,
+			RedirectURI:  redirectURI, // Use HTTP redirect URI, not kiro:// protocol
+		}
+
+		tokenResp, err := c.CreateToken(ctx, tokenReq)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to exchange code for tokens: %w", err)
+		}
+
+		fmt.Println("\n✓ Authentication successful!")
+
+		// Close the browser window
+		if err := browser.CloseBrowser(); err != nil {
+			log.Debugf("Failed to close browser: %v", err)
+		}
+
+		// Validate ExpiresIn - use default 1 hour if invalid
+		expiresIn := tokenResp.ExpiresIn
+		if expiresIn <= 0 {
+			expiresIn = 3600
+		}
+		expiresAt := time.Now().Add(time.Duration(expiresIn) * time.Second)
+
+		// Try to extract email from JWT access token first
+		email := ExtractEmailFromJWT(tokenResp.AccessToken)
+
+		// If no email in JWT, ask user for account label (only in interactive mode)
+		if email == "" && isInteractiveTerminal() {
+			fmt.Print("\n  Enter account label for file naming (optional, press Enter to skip): ")
+			reader := bufio.NewReader(os.Stdin)
+			var err error
+			email, err = reader.ReadString('\n')
+			if err != nil {
+				log.Debugf("Failed to read account label: %v", err)
+			}
+			email = strings.TrimSpace(email)
+		}
+
+		return &KiroTokenData{
+			AccessToken:  tokenResp.AccessToken,
+			RefreshToken: tokenResp.RefreshToken,
+			ProfileArn:   tokenResp.ProfileArn,
+			ExpiresAt:    expiresAt.Format(time.RFC3339),
+			AuthMethod:   "social",
+			Provider:     providerName,
+			Email:        email, // JWT email or user-provided label
+			Region:       "us-east-1",
+		}, nil
+	}
+}
+
+// LoginWithGoogle performs OAuth login with Google.
+func (c *SocialAuthClient) LoginWithGoogle(ctx context.Context) (*KiroTokenData, error) {
+	return c.LoginWithSocial(ctx, ProviderGoogle)
+}
+
+// LoginWithGitHub performs OAuth login with GitHub.
+func (c *SocialAuthClient) LoginWithGitHub(ctx context.Context) (*KiroTokenData, error) {
+	return c.LoginWithSocial(ctx, ProviderGitHub)
+}
+
+// forceDefaultProtocolHandler sets our protocol handler as the default for kiro:// URLs.
+// This prevents the "Open with" dialog from appearing on Linux.
+// On non-Linux platforms, this is a no-op as they use different mechanisms.
+func forceDefaultProtocolHandler() {
+	if runtime.GOOS != "linux" {
+		return // Non-Linux platforms use different handler mechanisms
+	}
+
+	// Set our handler as default using xdg-mime
+	cmd := exec.Command("xdg-mime", "default", "kiro-oauth-handler.desktop", "x-scheme-handler/kiro")
+	if err := cmd.Run(); err != nil {
+		log.Warnf("Failed to set default protocol handler: %v. You may see a handler selection dialog.", err)
+	}
+}
+
+// isInteractiveTerminal checks if stdin is connected to an interactive terminal.
+// Returns false in CI/automated environments or when stdin is piped.
+func isInteractiveTerminal() bool {
+	return term.IsTerminal(int(os.Stdin.Fd()))
+}

internal/auth/kiro/sso_oidc_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,261 @@
+package kiro
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"encoding/json"
+	"fmt"
+	"io"
+	"net/http"
+	"net/http/httptest"
+	"net/url"
+	"strings"
+	"testing"
+)
+
+type recordingRoundTripper struct {
+	lastReq *http.Request
+}
+
+func (rt *recordingRoundTripper) RoundTrip(req *http.Request) (*http.Response, error) {
+	rt.lastReq = req
+	body := `{"nextToken":null,"profiles":[{"arn":"arn:aws:codewhisperer:us-east-1:123456789012:profile/ABC","profileName":"test"}]}`
+	return &http.Response{
+		StatusCode: http.StatusOK,
+		Body:       io.NopCloser(strings.NewReader(body)),
+		Header:     make(http.Header),
+	}, nil
+}
+
+func TestTryListAvailableProfiles_UsesClientIDForAccountKey(t *testing.T) {
+	rt := &recordingRoundTripper{}
+	client := &SSOOIDCClient{
+		httpClient: &http.Client{Transport: rt},
+	}
+
+	profileArn := client.tryListAvailableProfiles(context.Background(), "access-token", "client-id-123", "refresh-token-456")
+	if profileArn == "" {
+		t.Fatal("expected profileArn, got empty result")
+	}
+
+	accountKey := GetAccountKey("client-id-123", "refresh-token-456")
+	fp := GlobalFingerprintManager().GetFingerprint(accountKey)
+	expected := fmt.Sprintf("aws-sdk-js/%s KiroIDE-%s-%s", fp.RuntimeSDKVersion, fp.KiroVersion, fp.KiroHash)
+	got := rt.lastReq.Header.Get("X-Amz-User-Agent")
+	if got != expected {
+		t.Errorf("X-Amz-User-Agent = %q, want %q", got, expected)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestTryListAvailableProfiles_UsesRefreshTokenWhenClientIDMissing(t *testing.T) {
+	rt := &recordingRoundTripper{}
+	client := &SSOOIDCClient{
+		httpClient: &http.Client{Transport: rt},
+	}
+
+	profileArn := client.tryListAvailableProfiles(context.Background(), "access-token", "", "refresh-token-789")
+	if profileArn == "" {
+		t.Fatal("expected profileArn, got empty result")
+	}
+
+	accountKey := GetAccountKey("", "refresh-token-789")
+	fp := GlobalFingerprintManager().GetFingerprint(accountKey)
+	expected := fmt.Sprintf("aws-sdk-js/%s KiroIDE-%s-%s", fp.RuntimeSDKVersion, fp.KiroVersion, fp.KiroHash)
+	got := rt.lastReq.Header.Get("X-Amz-User-Agent")
+	if got != expected {
+		t.Errorf("X-Amz-User-Agent = %q, want %q", got, expected)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestRegisterClientForAuthCodeWithIDC(t *testing.T) {
+	var capturedReq struct {
+		Method  string
+		Path    string
+		Headers http.Header
+		Body    map[string]interface{}
+	}
+
+	mockResp := RegisterClientResponse{
+		ClientID:              "test-client-id",
+		ClientSecret:          "test-client-secret",
+		ClientIDIssuedAt:      1700000000,
+		ClientSecretExpiresAt: 1700086400,
+	}
+
+	ts := httptest.NewServer(http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
+		capturedReq.Method = r.Method
+		capturedReq.Path = r.URL.Path
+		capturedReq.Headers = r.Header.Clone()
+
+		bodyBytes, _ := io.ReadAll(r.Body)
+		json.Unmarshal(bodyBytes, &capturedReq.Body)
+
+		w.Header().Set("Content-Type", "application/json")
+		json.NewEncoder(w).Encode(mockResp)
+	}))
+	defer ts.Close()
+
+	// Extract host to build a region that resolves to our test server.
+	// Override getOIDCEndpoint by passing region="" and patching the endpoint.
+	// Since getOIDCEndpoint builds "https://oidc.{region}.amazonaws.com", we
+	// instead inject the test server URL directly via a custom HTTP client transport.
+	client := &SSOOIDCClient{
+		httpClient: ts.Client(),
+	}
+
+	// We need to route the request to our test server. Use a transport that rewrites the URL.
+	client.httpClient.Transport = &rewriteTransport{
+		base:      ts.Client().Transport,
+		targetURL: ts.URL,
+	}
+
+	resp, err := client.RegisterClientForAuthCodeWithIDC(
+		context.Background(),
+		"http://127.0.0.1:19877/oauth/callback",
+		"https://my-idc-instance.awsapps.com/start",
+		"us-east-1",
+	)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	// Verify request method and path
+	if capturedReq.Method != http.MethodPost {
+		t.Errorf("method = %q, want POST", capturedReq.Method)
+	}
+	if capturedReq.Path != "/client/register" {
+		t.Errorf("path = %q, want /client/register", capturedReq.Path)
+	}
+
+	// Verify headers
+	if ct := capturedReq.Headers.Get("Content-Type"); ct != "application/json" {
+		t.Errorf("Content-Type = %q, want application/json", ct)
+	}
+	ua := capturedReq.Headers.Get("User-Agent")
+	if !strings.Contains(ua, "KiroIDE") {
+		t.Errorf("User-Agent %q does not contain KiroIDE", ua)
+	}
+	if !strings.Contains(ua, "sso-oidc") {
+		t.Errorf("User-Agent %q does not contain sso-oidc", ua)
+	}
+	xua := capturedReq.Headers.Get("X-Amz-User-Agent")
+	if !strings.Contains(xua, "KiroIDE") {
+		t.Errorf("x-amz-user-agent %q does not contain KiroIDE", xua)
+	}
+
+	// Verify body fields
+	if v, _ := capturedReq.Body["clientName"].(string); v != "Kiro IDE" {
+		t.Errorf("clientName = %q, want %q", v, "Kiro IDE")
+	}
+	if v, _ := capturedReq.Body["clientType"].(string); v != "public" {
+		t.Errorf("clientType = %q, want %q", v, "public")
+	}
+	if v, _ := capturedReq.Body["issuerUrl"].(string); v != "https://my-idc-instance.awsapps.com/start" {
+		t.Errorf("issuerUrl = %q, want %q", v, "https://my-idc-instance.awsapps.com/start")
+	}
+
+	// Verify scopes array
+	scopesRaw, ok := capturedReq.Body["scopes"].([]interface{})
+	if !ok || len(scopesRaw) != 5 {
+		t.Fatalf("scopes: got %v, want 5-element array", capturedReq.Body["scopes"])
+	}
+	expectedScopes := []string{
+		"codewhisperer:completions", "codewhisperer:analysis",
+		"codewhisperer:conversations", "codewhisperer:transformations",
+		"codewhisperer:taskassist",
+	}
+	for i, s := range expectedScopes {
+		if scopesRaw[i].(string) != s {
+			t.Errorf("scopes[%d] = %q, want %q", i, scopesRaw[i], s)
+		}
+	}
+
+	// Verify grantTypes
+	grantTypesRaw, ok := capturedReq.Body["grantTypes"].([]interface{})
+	if !ok || len(grantTypesRaw) != 2 {
+		t.Fatalf("grantTypes: got %v, want 2-element array", capturedReq.Body["grantTypes"])
+	}
+	if grantTypesRaw[0].(string) != "authorization_code" || grantTypesRaw[1].(string) != "refresh_token" {
+		t.Errorf("grantTypes = %v, want [authorization_code, refresh_token]", grantTypesRaw)
+	}
+
+	// Verify redirectUris
+	redirectRaw, ok := capturedReq.Body["redirectUris"].([]interface{})
+	if !ok || len(redirectRaw) != 1 {
+		t.Fatalf("redirectUris: got %v, want 1-element array", capturedReq.Body["redirectUris"])
+	}
+	if redirectRaw[0].(string) != "http://127.0.0.1:19877/oauth/callback" {
+		t.Errorf("redirectUris[0] = %q, want %q", redirectRaw[0], "http://127.0.0.1:19877/oauth/callback")
+	}
+
+	// Verify response parsing
+	if resp.ClientID != "test-client-id" {
+		t.Errorf("ClientID = %q, want %q", resp.ClientID, "test-client-id")
+	}
+	if resp.ClientSecret != "test-client-secret" {
+		t.Errorf("ClientSecret = %q, want %q", resp.ClientSecret, "test-client-secret")
+	}
+	if resp.ClientIDIssuedAt != 1700000000 {
+		t.Errorf("ClientIDIssuedAt = %d, want %d", resp.ClientIDIssuedAt, 1700000000)
+	}
+	if resp.ClientSecretExpiresAt != 1700086400 {
+		t.Errorf("ClientSecretExpiresAt = %d, want %d", resp.ClientSecretExpiresAt, 1700086400)
+	}
+}
+
+// rewriteTransport redirects all requests to the test server URL.
+type rewriteTransport struct {
+	base      http.RoundTripper
+	targetURL string
+}
+
+func (t *rewriteTransport) RoundTrip(req *http.Request) (*http.Response, error) {
+	target, _ := url.Parse(t.targetURL)
+	req.URL.Scheme = target.Scheme
+	req.URL.Host = target.Host
+	if t.base != nil {
+		return t.base.RoundTrip(req)
+	}
+	return http.DefaultTransport.RoundTrip(req)
+}
+
+func TestBuildAuthorizationURL(t *testing.T) {
+	scopes := "codewhisperer:completions,codewhisperer:analysis,codewhisperer:conversations,codewhisperer:transformations,codewhisperer:taskassist"
+	endpoint := "https://oidc.us-east-1.amazonaws.com"
+	redirectURI := "http://127.0.0.1:19877/oauth/callback"
+
+	authURL := buildAuthorizationURL(endpoint, "test-client-id", redirectURI, scopes, "random-state", "test-challenge")
+
+	// Verify colons and commas in scopes are percent-encoded
+	if !strings.Contains(authURL, "codewhisperer%3Acompletions") {
+		t.Errorf("expected colons in scopes to be percent-encoded, got: %s", authURL)
+	}
+	if !strings.Contains(authURL, "completions%2Ccodewhisperer") {
+		t.Errorf("expected commas in scopes to be percent-encoded, got: %s", authURL)
+	}
+
+	// Parse back and verify all parameters round-trip correctly
+	parsed, err := url.Parse(authURL)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("failed to parse auth URL: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	if !strings.HasPrefix(authURL, endpoint+"/authorize?") {
+		t.Errorf("expected URL to start with %s/authorize?, got: %s", endpoint, authURL)
+	}
+
+	q := parsed.Query()
+	checks := map[string]string{
+		"response_type":         "code",
+		"client_id":             "test-client-id",
+		"redirect_uri":          redirectURI,
+		"scopes":                scopes,
+		"state":                 "random-state",
+		"code_challenge":        "test-challenge",
+		"code_challenge_method": "S256",
+	}
+	for key, want := range checks {
+		if got := q.Get(key); got != want {
+			t.Errorf("%s = %q, want %q", key, got, want)
+		}
+	}
+}

internal/auth/kiro/token.go

@@ -0,0 +1,89 @@
+package kiro
+
+import (
+	"encoding/json"
+	"fmt"
+	"os"
+	"path/filepath"
+)
+
+// KiroTokenStorage holds the persistent token data for Kiro authentication.
+type KiroTokenStorage struct {
+	// Type is the provider type for management UI recognition (must be "kiro")
+	Type string `json:"type"`
+	// AccessToken is the OAuth2 access token for API access
+	AccessToken string `json:"access_token"`
+	// RefreshToken is used to obtain new access tokens
+	RefreshToken string `json:"refresh_token"`
+	// ProfileArn is the AWS CodeWhisperer profile ARN
+	ProfileArn string `json:"profile_arn"`
+	// ExpiresAt is the timestamp when the token expires
+	ExpiresAt string `json:"expires_at"`
+	// AuthMethod indicates the authentication method used
+	AuthMethod string `json:"auth_method"`
+	// Provider indicates the OAuth provider
+	Provider string `json:"provider"`
+	// LastRefresh is the timestamp of the last token refresh
+	LastRefresh string `json:"last_refresh"`
+	// ClientID is the OAuth client ID (required for token refresh)
+	ClientID string `json:"client_id,omitempty"`
+	// ClientSecret is the OAuth client secret (required for token refresh)
+	ClientSecret string `json:"client_secret,omitempty"`
+	// Region is the OIDC region for IDC login and token refresh
+	Region string `json:"region,omitempty"`
+	// StartURL is the AWS Identity Center start URL (for IDC auth)
+	StartURL string `json:"start_url,omitempty"`
+	// Email is the user's email address
+	Email string `json:"email,omitempty"`
+}
+
+// SaveTokenToFile persists the token storage to the specified file path.
+func (s *KiroTokenStorage) SaveTokenToFile(authFilePath string) error {
+	dir := filepath.Dir(authFilePath)
+	if err := os.MkdirAll(dir, 0700); err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("failed to create directory: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	data, err := json.MarshalIndent(s, "", "  ")
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("failed to marshal token storage: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	if err := os.WriteFile(authFilePath, data, 0600); err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("failed to write token file: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+// LoadFromFile loads token storage from the specified file path.
+func LoadFromFile(authFilePath string) (*KiroTokenStorage, error) {
+	data, err := os.ReadFile(authFilePath)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to read token file: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	var storage KiroTokenStorage
+	if err := json.Unmarshal(data, &storage); err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to parse token file: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	return &storage, nil
+}
+
+// ToTokenData converts storage to KiroTokenData for API use.
+func (s *KiroTokenStorage) ToTokenData() *KiroTokenData {
+	return &KiroTokenData{
+		AccessToken:  s.AccessToken,
+		RefreshToken: s.RefreshToken,
+		ProfileArn:   s.ProfileArn,
+		ExpiresAt:    s.ExpiresAt,
+		AuthMethod:   s.AuthMethod,
+		Provider:     s.Provider,
+		ClientID:     s.ClientID,
+		ClientSecret: s.ClientSecret,
+		Region:       s.Region,
+		StartURL:     s.StartURL,
+		Email:        s.Email,
+	}
+}

internal/auth/kiro/token_repository.go

@@ -0,0 +1,260 @@
+package kiro
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"encoding/json"
+	"fmt"
+	"io/fs"
+	"os"
+	"path/filepath"
+	"sort"
+	"strings"
+	"sync"
+	"time"
+
+	log "github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
+)
+
+// FileTokenRepository 实现 TokenRepository 接口，基于文件系统存储
+type FileTokenRepository struct {
+	mu      sync.RWMutex
+	baseDir string
+}
+
+// NewFileTokenRepository 创建一个新的文件 token 存储库
+func NewFileTokenRepository(baseDir string) *FileTokenRepository {
+	return &FileTokenRepository{
+		baseDir: baseDir,
+	}
+}
+
+// SetBaseDir 设置基础目录
+func (r *FileTokenRepository) SetBaseDir(dir string) {
+	r.mu.Lock()
+	r.baseDir = strings.TrimSpace(dir)
+	r.mu.Unlock()
+}
+
+// FindOldestUnverified 查找需要刷新的 token（按最后验证时间排序）
+func (r *FileTokenRepository) FindOldestUnverified(limit int) []*Token {
+	r.mu.RLock()
+	baseDir := r.baseDir
+	r.mu.RUnlock()
+
+	if baseDir == "" {
+		log.Debug("token repository: base directory not configured")
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	var tokens []*Token
+
+	err := filepath.WalkDir(baseDir, func(path string, d fs.DirEntry, walkErr error) error {
+		if walkErr != nil {
+			return nil // 忽略错误，继续遍历
+		}
+		if d.IsDir() {
+			return nil
+		}
+		if !strings.HasSuffix(strings.ToLower(d.Name()), ".json") {
+			return nil
+		}
+
+		// 只处理 kiro 相关的 token 文件
+		if !strings.HasPrefix(d.Name(), "kiro-") {
+			return nil
+		}
+
+		token, err := r.readTokenFile(path)
+		if err != nil {
+			log.Debugf("token repository: failed to read token file %s: %v", path, err)
+			return nil
+		}
+
+		if token != nil && token.RefreshToken != "" {
+			// 检查 token 是否需要刷新（过期前 5 分钟）
+			if token.ExpiresAt.IsZero() || time.Until(token.ExpiresAt) < 5*time.Minute {
+				tokens = append(tokens, token)
+			}
+		}
+
+		return nil
+	})
+
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Warnf("token repository: error walking directory: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	// 按最后验证时间排序（最旧的优先）
+	sort.Slice(tokens, func(i, j int) bool {
+		return tokens[i].LastVerified.Before(tokens[j].LastVerified)
+	})
+
+	// 限制返回数量
+	if limit > 0 && len(tokens) > limit {
+		tokens = tokens[:limit]
+	}
+
+	return tokens
+}
+
+// UpdateToken 更新 token 并持久化到文件
+func (r *FileTokenRepository) UpdateToken(token *Token) error {
+	if token == nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("token repository: token is nil")
+	}
+
+	r.mu.RLock()
+	baseDir := r.baseDir
+	r.mu.RUnlock()
+
+	if baseDir == "" {
+		return fmt.Errorf("token repository: base directory not configured")
+	}
+
+	// 构建文件路径
+	filePath := filepath.Join(baseDir, token.ID)
+	if !strings.HasSuffix(filePath, ".json") {
+		filePath += ".json"
+	}
+
+	// 读取现有文件内容
+	existingData := make(map[string]any)
+	if data, err := os.ReadFile(filePath); err == nil {
+		_ = json.Unmarshal(data, &existingData)
+	}
+
+	// 更新字段
+	existingData["access_token"] = token.AccessToken
+	existingData["refresh_token"] = token.RefreshToken
+	existingData["last_refresh"] = time.Now().Format(time.RFC3339)
+
+	if !token.ExpiresAt.IsZero() {
+		existingData["expires_at"] = token.ExpiresAt.Format(time.RFC3339)
+	}
+
+	// 保持原有的关键字段
+	if token.ClientID != "" {
+		existingData["client_id"] = token.ClientID
+	}
+	if token.ClientSecret != "" {
+		existingData["client_secret"] = token.ClientSecret
+	}
+	if token.AuthMethod != "" {
+		existingData["auth_method"] = token.AuthMethod
+	}
+	if token.Region != "" {
+		existingData["region"] = token.Region
+	}
+	if token.StartURL != "" {
+		existingData["start_url"] = token.StartURL
+	}
+
+	// 序列化并写入文件
+	raw, err := json.MarshalIndent(existingData, "", "  ")
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("token repository: marshal failed: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	// 原子写入：先写入临时文件，再重命名
+	tmpPath := filePath + ".tmp"
+	if err := os.WriteFile(tmpPath, raw, 0o600); err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("token repository: write temp file failed: %w", err)
+	}
+	if err := os.Rename(tmpPath, filePath); err != nil {
+		_ = os.Remove(tmpPath)
+		return fmt.Errorf("token repository: rename failed: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	log.Debugf("token repository: updated token %s", token.ID)
+	return nil
+}
+
+// readTokenFile 从文件读取 token
+func (r *FileTokenRepository) readTokenFile(path string) (*Token, error) {
+	data, err := os.ReadFile(path)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	var metadata map[string]any
+	if err := json.Unmarshal(data, &metadata); err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	// 检查是否是 kiro token
+	tokenType, _ := metadata["type"].(string)
+	if tokenType != "kiro" {
+		return nil, nil
+	}
+
+	// 检查 auth_method (case-insensitive comparison to handle "IdC", "IDC", "idc", etc.)
+	authMethod, _ := metadata["auth_method"].(string)
+	authMethod = strings.ToLower(authMethod)
+	if authMethod != "idc" && authMethod != "builder-id" {
+		return nil, nil // 只处理 IDC 和 Builder ID token
+	}
+
+	token := &Token{
+		ID:         filepath.Base(path),
+		AuthMethod: authMethod,
+	}
+
+	// 解析各字段
+	token.AccessToken, _ = metadata["access_token"].(string)
+	token.RefreshToken, _ = metadata["refresh_token"].(string)
+	token.ClientID, _ = metadata["client_id"].(string)
+	token.ClientSecret, _ = metadata["client_secret"].(string)
+	token.Region, _ = metadata["region"].(string)
+	token.StartURL, _ = metadata["start_url"].(string)
+	token.Provider, _ = metadata["provider"].(string)
+
+	// 解析时间字段
+	if expiresAtStr, ok := metadata["expires_at"].(string); ok && expiresAtStr != "" {
+		if t, err := time.Parse(time.RFC3339, expiresAtStr); err == nil {
+			token.ExpiresAt = t
+		}
+	}
+	if lastRefreshStr, ok := metadata["last_refresh"].(string); ok && lastRefreshStr != "" {
+		if t, err := time.Parse(time.RFC3339, lastRefreshStr); err == nil {
+			token.LastVerified = t
+		}
+	}
+
+	return token, nil
+}
+
+// ListKiroTokens 列出所有 Kiro token（用于调试）
+func (r *FileTokenRepository) ListKiroTokens(ctx context.Context) ([]*Token, error) {
+	r.mu.RLock()
+	baseDir := r.baseDir
+	r.mu.RUnlock()
+
+	if baseDir == "" {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("token repository: base directory not configured")
+	}
+
+	var tokens []*Token
+
+	err := filepath.WalkDir(baseDir, func(path string, d fs.DirEntry, walkErr error) error {
+		if walkErr != nil {
+			return nil
+		}
+		if d.IsDir() {
+			return nil
+		}
+		if !strings.HasPrefix(d.Name(), "kiro-") || !strings.HasSuffix(d.Name(), ".json") {
+			return nil
+		}
+
+		token, err := r.readTokenFile(path)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil
+		}
+		if token != nil {
+			tokens = append(tokens, token)
+		}
+		return nil
+	})
+
+	return tokens, err
+}

internal/auth/kiro/usage_checker.go

@@ -0,0 +1,236 @@
+// Package kiro provides authentication functionality for AWS CodeWhisperer (Kiro) API.
+// This file implements usage quota checking and monitoring.
+package kiro
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"encoding/json"
+	"fmt"
+	"io"
+	"net/http"
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/router-for-me/CLIProxyAPI/v6/internal/config"
+	"github.com/router-for-me/CLIProxyAPI/v6/internal/util"
+)
+
+// UsageQuotaResponse represents the API response structure for usage quota checking.
+type UsageQuotaResponse struct {
+	UsageBreakdownList []UsageBreakdownExtended `json:"usageBreakdownList"`
+	SubscriptionInfo   *SubscriptionInfo        `json:"subscriptionInfo,omitempty"`
+	NextDateReset      float64                  `json:"nextDateReset,omitempty"`
+}
+
+// UsageBreakdownExtended represents detailed usage information for quota checking.
+// Note: UsageBreakdown is already defined in codewhisperer_client.go
+type UsageBreakdownExtended struct {
+	ResourceType              string                 `json:"resourceType"`
+	UsageLimitWithPrecision   float64                `json:"usageLimitWithPrecision"`
+	CurrentUsageWithPrecision float64                `json:"currentUsageWithPrecision"`
+	FreeTrialInfo             *FreeTrialInfoExtended `json:"freeTrialInfo,omitempty"`
+}
+
+// FreeTrialInfoExtended represents free trial usage information.
+type FreeTrialInfoExtended struct {
+	FreeTrialStatus           string  `json:"freeTrialStatus"`
+	UsageLimitWithPrecision   float64 `json:"usageLimitWithPrecision"`
+	CurrentUsageWithPrecision float64 `json:"currentUsageWithPrecision"`
+}
+
+// QuotaStatus represents the quota status for a token.
+type QuotaStatus struct {
+	TotalLimit     float64
+	CurrentUsage   float64
+	RemainingQuota float64
+	IsExhausted    bool
+	ResourceType   string
+	NextReset      time.Time
+}
+
+// UsageChecker provides methods for checking token quota usage.
+type UsageChecker struct {
+	httpClient *http.Client
+}
+
+// NewUsageChecker creates a new UsageChecker instance.
+func NewUsageChecker(cfg *config.Config) *UsageChecker {
+	return &UsageChecker{
+		httpClient: util.SetProxy(&cfg.SDKConfig, &http.Client{Timeout: 30 * time.Second}),
+	}
+}
+
+// NewUsageCheckerWithClient creates a UsageChecker with a custom HTTP client.
+func NewUsageCheckerWithClient(client *http.Client) *UsageChecker {
+	return &UsageChecker{
+		httpClient: client,
+	}
+}
+
+// CheckUsage retrieves usage limits for the given token.
+func (c *UsageChecker) CheckUsage(ctx context.Context, tokenData *KiroTokenData) (*UsageQuotaResponse, error) {
+	if tokenData == nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("token data is nil")
+	}
+
+	if tokenData.AccessToken == "" {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("access token is empty")
+	}
+
+	queryParams := map[string]string{
+		"origin":       "AI_EDITOR",
+		"profileArn":   tokenData.ProfileArn,
+		"resourceType": "AGENTIC_REQUEST",
+	}
+
+	// Use endpoint from profileArn if available
+	endpoint := GetKiroAPIEndpointFromProfileArn(tokenData.ProfileArn)
+	url := buildURL(endpoint, pathGetUsageLimits, queryParams)
+
+	req, err := http.NewRequestWithContext(ctx, http.MethodGet, url, nil)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to create request: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	accountKey := GetAccountKey(tokenData.ClientID, tokenData.RefreshToken)
+	setRuntimeHeaders(req, tokenData.AccessToken, accountKey)
+
+	resp, err := c.httpClient.Do(req)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("request failed: %w", err)
+	}
+	defer resp.Body.Close()
+
+	body, err := io.ReadAll(resp.Body)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to read response: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	if resp.StatusCode != http.StatusOK {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("API error (status %d): %s", resp.StatusCode, string(body))
+	}
+
+	var result UsageQuotaResponse
+	if err := json.Unmarshal(body, &result); err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to parse usage response: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	return &result, nil
+}
+
+// CheckUsageByAccessToken retrieves usage limits using an access token and profile ARN directly.
+func (c *UsageChecker) CheckUsageByAccessToken(ctx context.Context, accessToken, profileArn string) (*UsageQuotaResponse, error) {
+	tokenData := &KiroTokenData{
+		AccessToken: accessToken,
+		ProfileArn:  profileArn,
+	}
+	return c.CheckUsage(ctx, tokenData)
+}
+
+// GetRemainingQuota calculates the remaining quota from usage limits.
+func GetRemainingQuota(usage *UsageQuotaResponse) float64 {
+	if usage == nil || len(usage.UsageBreakdownList) == 0 {
+		return 0
+	}
+
+	var totalRemaining float64
+	for _, breakdown := range usage.UsageBreakdownList {
+		remaining := breakdown.UsageLimitWithPrecision - breakdown.CurrentUsageWithPrecision
+		if remaining > 0 {
+			totalRemaining += remaining
+		}
+
+		if breakdown.FreeTrialInfo != nil {
+			freeRemaining := breakdown.FreeTrialInfo.UsageLimitWithPrecision - breakdown.FreeTrialInfo.CurrentUsageWithPrecision
+			if freeRemaining > 0 {
+				totalRemaining += freeRemaining
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	return totalRemaining
+}
+
+// IsQuotaExhausted checks if the quota is exhausted based on usage limits.
+func IsQuotaExhausted(usage *UsageQuotaResponse) bool {
+	if usage == nil || len(usage.UsageBreakdownList) == 0 {
+		return true
+	}
+
+	for _, breakdown := range usage.UsageBreakdownList {
+		if breakdown.CurrentUsageWithPrecision < breakdown.UsageLimitWithPrecision {
+			return false
+		}
+
+		if breakdown.FreeTrialInfo != nil {
+			if breakdown.FreeTrialInfo.CurrentUsageWithPrecision < breakdown.FreeTrialInfo.UsageLimitWithPrecision {
+				return false
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	return true
+}
+
+// GetQuotaStatus retrieves a comprehensive quota status for a token.
+func (c *UsageChecker) GetQuotaStatus(ctx context.Context, tokenData *KiroTokenData) (*QuotaStatus, error) {
+	usage, err := c.CheckUsage(ctx, tokenData)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	status := &QuotaStatus{
+		IsExhausted: IsQuotaExhausted(usage),
+	}
+
+	if len(usage.UsageBreakdownList) > 0 {
+		breakdown := usage.UsageBreakdownList[0]
+		status.TotalLimit = breakdown.UsageLimitWithPrecision
+		status.CurrentUsage = breakdown.CurrentUsageWithPrecision
+		status.RemainingQuota = breakdown.UsageLimitWithPrecision - breakdown.CurrentUsageWithPrecision
+		status.ResourceType = breakdown.ResourceType
+
+		if breakdown.FreeTrialInfo != nil {
+			status.TotalLimit += breakdown.FreeTrialInfo.UsageLimitWithPrecision
+			status.CurrentUsage += breakdown.FreeTrialInfo.CurrentUsageWithPrecision
+			freeRemaining := breakdown.FreeTrialInfo.UsageLimitWithPrecision - breakdown.FreeTrialInfo.CurrentUsageWithPrecision
+			if freeRemaining > 0 {
+				status.RemainingQuota += freeRemaining
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	if usage.NextDateReset > 0 {
+		status.NextReset = time.Unix(int64(usage.NextDateReset/1000), 0)
+	}
+
+	return status, nil
+}
+
+// CalculateAvailableCount calculates the available request count based on usage limits.
+func CalculateAvailableCount(usage *UsageQuotaResponse) float64 {
+	return GetRemainingQuota(usage)
+}
+
+// GetUsagePercentage calculates the usage percentage.
+func GetUsagePercentage(usage *UsageQuotaResponse) float64 {
+	if usage == nil || len(usage.UsageBreakdownList) == 0 {
+		return 100.0
+	}
+
+	var totalLimit, totalUsage float64
+	for _, breakdown := range usage.UsageBreakdownList {
+		totalLimit += breakdown.UsageLimitWithPrecision
+		totalUsage += breakdown.CurrentUsageWithPrecision
+
+		if breakdown.FreeTrialInfo != nil {
+			totalLimit += breakdown.FreeTrialInfo.UsageLimitWithPrecision
+			totalUsage += breakdown.FreeTrialInfo.CurrentUsageWithPrecision
+		}
+	}
+
+	if totalLimit == 0 {
+		return 100.0
+	}
+
+	return (totalUsage / totalLimit) * 100
+}

internal/browser/browser.go

@@ -6,14 +6,49 @@ import (
 	"fmt"
 	"os/exec"
 	"runtime"
+	"strings"
+	"sync"
 
+	pkgbrowser "github.com/pkg/browser"
 	log "github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
-	"github.com/skratchdot/open-golang/open"
 )
 
+// incognitoMode controls whether to open URLs in incognito/private mode.
+// This is useful for OAuth flows where you want to use a different account.
+var incognitoMode bool
+
+// lastBrowserProcess stores the last opened browser process for cleanup
+var lastBrowserProcess *exec.Cmd
+var browserMutex sync.Mutex
+
+// SetIncognitoMode enables or disables incognito/private browsing mode.
+func SetIncognitoMode(enabled bool) {
+	incognitoMode = enabled
+}
+
+// IsIncognitoMode returns whether incognito mode is enabled.
+func IsIncognitoMode() bool {
+	return incognitoMode
+}
+
+// CloseBrowser closes the last opened browser process.
+func CloseBrowser() error {
+	browserMutex.Lock()
+	defer browserMutex.Unlock()
+
+	if lastBrowserProcess == nil || lastBrowserProcess.Process == nil {
+		return nil
+	}
+	
+	err := lastBrowserProcess.Process.Kill()
+	lastBrowserProcess = nil
+	return err
+}
+
 // OpenURL opens the specified URL in the default web browser.
-// It first attempts to use a platform-agnostic library and falls back to
-// platform-specific commands if that fails.
+// It uses the pkg/browser library which provides robust cross-platform support
+// for Windows, macOS, and Linux.
+// If incognito mode is enabled, it will open in a private/incognito window.
 //
 // Parameters:
 //   - url: The URL to open.
@@ -21,16 +56,22 @@ import (
 // Returns:
 //   - An error if the URL cannot be opened, otherwise nil.
 func OpenURL(url string) error {
-	fmt.Printf("Attempting to open URL in browser: %s\n", url)
+	log.Debugf("Opening URL in browser: %s (incognito=%v)", url, incognitoMode)
 
-	// Try using the open-golang library first
-	err := open.Run(url)
+	// If incognito mode is enabled, use platform-specific incognito commands
+	if incognitoMode {
+		log.Debug("Using incognito mode")
+		return openURLIncognito(url)
+	}
+
+	// Use pkg/browser for cross-platform support
+	err := pkgbrowser.OpenURL(url)
 	if err == nil {
-		log.Debug("Successfully opened URL using open-golang library")
+		log.Debug("Successfully opened URL using pkg/browser library")
 		return nil
 	}
 
-	log.Debugf("open-golang failed: %v, trying platform-specific commands", err)
+	log.Debugf("pkg/browser failed: %v, trying platform-specific commands", err)
 
 	// Fallback to platform-specific commands
 	return openURLPlatformSpecific(url)
@@ -78,18 +119,379 @@ func openURLPlatformSpecific(url string) error {
 	return nil
 }
 
+// openURLIncognito opens a URL in incognito/private browsing mode.
+// It first tries to detect the default browser and use its incognito flag.
+// Falls back to a chain of known browsers if detection fails.
+//
+// Parameters:
+//   - url: The URL to open.
+//
+// Returns:
+//   - An error if the URL cannot be opened, otherwise nil.
+func openURLIncognito(url string) error {
+	// First, try to detect and use the default browser
+	if cmd := tryDefaultBrowserIncognito(url); cmd != nil {
+		log.Debugf("Using detected default browser: %s %v", cmd.Path, cmd.Args[1:])
+		if err := cmd.Start(); err == nil {
+			storeBrowserProcess(cmd)
+			log.Debug("Successfully opened URL in default browser's incognito mode")
+			return nil
+		}
+		log.Debugf("Failed to start default browser, trying fallback chain")
+	}
+
+	// Fallback to known browser chain
+	cmd := tryFallbackBrowsersIncognito(url)
+	if cmd == nil {
+		log.Warn("No browser with incognito support found, falling back to normal mode")
+		return openURLPlatformSpecific(url)
+	}
+
+	log.Debugf("Running incognito command: %s %v", cmd.Path, cmd.Args[1:])
+	err := cmd.Start()
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Warnf("Failed to open incognito browser: %v, falling back to normal mode", err)
+		return openURLPlatformSpecific(url)
+	}
+
+	storeBrowserProcess(cmd)
+	log.Debug("Successfully opened URL in incognito/private mode")
+	return nil
+}
+
+// storeBrowserProcess safely stores the browser process for later cleanup.
+func storeBrowserProcess(cmd *exec.Cmd) {
+	browserMutex.Lock()
+	lastBrowserProcess = cmd
+	browserMutex.Unlock()
+}
+
+// tryDefaultBrowserIncognito attempts to detect the default browser and return
+// an exec.Cmd configured with the appropriate incognito flag.
+func tryDefaultBrowserIncognito(url string) *exec.Cmd {
+	switch runtime.GOOS {
+	case "darwin":
+		return tryDefaultBrowserMacOS(url)
+	case "windows":
+		return tryDefaultBrowserWindows(url)
+	case "linux":
+		return tryDefaultBrowserLinux(url)
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+// tryDefaultBrowserMacOS detects the default browser on macOS.
+func tryDefaultBrowserMacOS(url string) *exec.Cmd {
+	// Try to get default browser from Launch Services
+	out, err := exec.Command("defaults", "read", "com.apple.LaunchServices/com.apple.launchservices.secure", "LSHandlers").Output()
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	output := string(out)
+	var browserName string
+
+	// Parse the output to find the http/https handler
+	if containsBrowserID(output, "com.google.chrome") {
+		browserName = "chrome"
+	} else if containsBrowserID(output, "org.mozilla.firefox") {
+		browserName = "firefox"
+	} else if containsBrowserID(output, "com.apple.safari") {
+		browserName = "safari"
+	} else if containsBrowserID(output, "com.brave.browser") {
+		browserName = "brave"
+	} else if containsBrowserID(output, "com.microsoft.edgemac") {
+		browserName = "edge"
+	}
+
+	return createMacOSIncognitoCmd(browserName, url)
+}
+
+// containsBrowserID checks if the LaunchServices output contains a browser ID.
+func containsBrowserID(output, bundleID string) bool {
+	return strings.Contains(output, bundleID)
+}
+
+// createMacOSIncognitoCmd creates the appropriate incognito command for macOS browsers.
+func createMacOSIncognitoCmd(browserName, url string) *exec.Cmd {
+	switch browserName {
+	case "chrome":
+		// Try direct path first
+		chromePath := "/Applications/Google Chrome.app/Contents/MacOS/Google Chrome"
+		if _, err := exec.LookPath(chromePath); err == nil {
+			return exec.Command(chromePath, "--incognito", url)
+		}
+		return exec.Command("open", "-na", "Google Chrome", "--args", "--incognito", url)
+	case "firefox":
+		return exec.Command("open", "-na", "Firefox", "--args", "--private-window", url)
+	case "safari":
+		// Safari doesn't have CLI incognito, try AppleScript
+		return tryAppleScriptSafariPrivate(url)
+	case "brave":
+		return exec.Command("open", "-na", "Brave Browser", "--args", "--incognito", url)
+	case "edge":
+		return exec.Command("open", "-na", "Microsoft Edge", "--args", "--inprivate", url)
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+// tryAppleScriptSafariPrivate attempts to open Safari in private browsing mode using AppleScript.
+func tryAppleScriptSafariPrivate(url string) *exec.Cmd {
+	// AppleScript to open a new private window in Safari
+	script := fmt.Sprintf(`
+		tell application "Safari"
+			activate
+			tell application "System Events"
+				keystroke "n" using {command down, shift down}
+				delay 0.5
+			end tell
+			set URL of document 1 to "%s"
+		end tell
+	`, url)
+
+	cmd := exec.Command("osascript", "-e", script)
+	// Test if this approach works by checking if Safari is available
+	if _, err := exec.LookPath("/Applications/Safari.app/Contents/MacOS/Safari"); err != nil {
+		log.Debug("Safari not found, AppleScript private window not available")
+		return nil
+	}
+	log.Debug("Attempting Safari private window via AppleScript")
+	return cmd
+}
+
+// tryDefaultBrowserWindows detects the default browser on Windows via registry.
+func tryDefaultBrowserWindows(url string) *exec.Cmd {
+	// Query registry for default browser
+	out, err := exec.Command("reg", "query",
+		`HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Microsoft\Windows\Shell\Associations\UrlAssociations\http\UserChoice`,
+		"/v", "ProgId").Output()
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	output := string(out)
+	var browserName string
+
+	// Map ProgId to browser name
+	if strings.Contains(output, "ChromeHTML") {
+		browserName = "chrome"
+	} else if strings.Contains(output, "FirefoxURL") {
+		browserName = "firefox"
+	} else if strings.Contains(output, "MSEdgeHTM") {
+		browserName = "edge"
+	} else if strings.Contains(output, "BraveHTML") {
+		browserName = "brave"
+	}
+
+	return createWindowsIncognitoCmd(browserName, url)
+}
+
+// createWindowsIncognitoCmd creates the appropriate incognito command for Windows browsers.
+func createWindowsIncognitoCmd(browserName, url string) *exec.Cmd {
+	switch browserName {
+	case "chrome":
+		paths := []string{
+			"chrome",
+			`C:\Program Files\Google\Chrome\Application\chrome.exe`,
+			`C:\Program Files (x86)\Google\Chrome\Application\chrome.exe`,
+		}
+		for _, p := range paths {
+			if _, err := exec.LookPath(p); err == nil {
+				return exec.Command(p, "--incognito", url)
+			}
+		}
+	case "firefox":
+		if path, err := exec.LookPath("firefox"); err == nil {
+			return exec.Command(path, "--private-window", url)
+		}
+	case "edge":
+		paths := []string{
+			"msedge",
+			`C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft\Edge\Application\msedge.exe`,
+			`C:\Program Files\Microsoft\Edge\Application\msedge.exe`,
+		}
+		for _, p := range paths {
+			if _, err := exec.LookPath(p); err == nil {
+				return exec.Command(p, "--inprivate", url)
+			}
+		}
+	case "brave":
+		paths := []string{
+			`C:\Program Files\BraveSoftware\Brave-Browser\Application\brave.exe`,
+			`C:\Program Files (x86)\BraveSoftware\Brave-Browser\Application\brave.exe`,
+		}
+		for _, p := range paths {
+			if _, err := exec.LookPath(p); err == nil {
+				return exec.Command(p, "--incognito", url)
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+// tryDefaultBrowserLinux detects the default browser on Linux using xdg-settings.
+func tryDefaultBrowserLinux(url string) *exec.Cmd {
+	out, err := exec.Command("xdg-settings", "get", "default-web-browser").Output()
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	desktop := string(out)
+	var browserName string
+
+	// Map .desktop file to browser name
+	if strings.Contains(desktop, "google-chrome") || strings.Contains(desktop, "chrome") {
+		browserName = "chrome"
+	} else if strings.Contains(desktop, "firefox") {
+		browserName = "firefox"
+	} else if strings.Contains(desktop, "chromium") {
+		browserName = "chromium"
+	} else if strings.Contains(desktop, "brave") {
+		browserName = "brave"
+	} else if strings.Contains(desktop, "microsoft-edge") || strings.Contains(desktop, "msedge") {
+		browserName = "edge"
+	}
+
+	return createLinuxIncognitoCmd(browserName, url)
+}
+
+// createLinuxIncognitoCmd creates the appropriate incognito command for Linux browsers.
+func createLinuxIncognitoCmd(browserName, url string) *exec.Cmd {
+	switch browserName {
+	case "chrome":
+		paths := []string{"google-chrome", "google-chrome-stable"}
+		for _, p := range paths {
+			if path, err := exec.LookPath(p); err == nil {
+				return exec.Command(path, "--incognito", url)
+			}
+		}
+	case "firefox":
+		paths := []string{"firefox", "firefox-esr"}
+		for _, p := range paths {
+			if path, err := exec.LookPath(p); err == nil {
+				return exec.Command(path, "--private-window", url)
+			}
+		}
+	case "chromium":
+		paths := []string{"chromium", "chromium-browser"}
+		for _, p := range paths {
+			if path, err := exec.LookPath(p); err == nil {
+				return exec.Command(path, "--incognito", url)
+			}
+		}
+	case "brave":
+		if path, err := exec.LookPath("brave-browser"); err == nil {
+			return exec.Command(path, "--incognito", url)
+		}
+	case "edge":
+		if path, err := exec.LookPath("microsoft-edge"); err == nil {
+			return exec.Command(path, "--inprivate", url)
+		}
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+// tryFallbackBrowsersIncognito tries a chain of known browsers as fallback.
+func tryFallbackBrowsersIncognito(url string) *exec.Cmd {
+	switch runtime.GOOS {
+	case "darwin":
+		return tryFallbackBrowsersMacOS(url)
+	case "windows":
+		return tryFallbackBrowsersWindows(url)
+	case "linux":
+		return tryFallbackBrowsersLinuxChain(url)
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+// tryFallbackBrowsersMacOS tries known browsers on macOS.
+func tryFallbackBrowsersMacOS(url string) *exec.Cmd {
+	// Try Chrome
+	chromePath := "/Applications/Google Chrome.app/Contents/MacOS/Google Chrome"
+	if _, err := exec.LookPath(chromePath); err == nil {
+		return exec.Command(chromePath, "--incognito", url)
+	}
+	// Try Firefox
+	if _, err := exec.LookPath("/Applications/Firefox.app/Contents/MacOS/firefox"); err == nil {
+		return exec.Command("open", "-na", "Firefox", "--args", "--private-window", url)
+	}
+	// Try Brave
+	if _, err := exec.LookPath("/Applications/Brave Browser.app/Contents/MacOS/Brave Browser"); err == nil {
+		return exec.Command("open", "-na", "Brave Browser", "--args", "--incognito", url)
+	}
+	// Try Edge
+	if _, err := exec.LookPath("/Applications/Microsoft Edge.app/Contents/MacOS/Microsoft Edge"); err == nil {
+		return exec.Command("open", "-na", "Microsoft Edge", "--args", "--inprivate", url)
+	}
+	// Last resort: try Safari with AppleScript
+	if cmd := tryAppleScriptSafariPrivate(url); cmd != nil {
+		log.Info("Using Safari with AppleScript for private browsing (may require accessibility permissions)")
+		return cmd
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+// tryFallbackBrowsersWindows tries known browsers on Windows.
+func tryFallbackBrowsersWindows(url string) *exec.Cmd {
+	// Chrome
+	chromePaths := []string{
+		"chrome",
+		`C:\Program Files\Google\Chrome\Application\chrome.exe`,
+		`C:\Program Files (x86)\Google\Chrome\Application\chrome.exe`,
+	}
+	for _, p := range chromePaths {
+		if _, err := exec.LookPath(p); err == nil {
+			return exec.Command(p, "--incognito", url)
+		}
+	}
+	// Firefox
+	if path, err := exec.LookPath("firefox"); err == nil {
+		return exec.Command(path, "--private-window", url)
+	}
+	// Edge (usually available on Windows 10+)
+	edgePaths := []string{
+		"msedge",
+		`C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft\Edge\Application\msedge.exe`,
+		`C:\Program Files\Microsoft\Edge\Application\msedge.exe`,
+	}
+	for _, p := range edgePaths {
+		if _, err := exec.LookPath(p); err == nil {
+			return exec.Command(p, "--inprivate", url)
+		}
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+// tryFallbackBrowsersLinuxChain tries known browsers on Linux.
+func tryFallbackBrowsersLinuxChain(url string) *exec.Cmd {
+	type browserConfig struct {
+		name string
+		flag string
+	}
+	browsers := []browserConfig{
+		{"google-chrome", "--incognito"},
+		{"google-chrome-stable", "--incognito"},
+		{"chromium", "--incognito"},
+		{"chromium-browser", "--incognito"},
+		{"firefox", "--private-window"},
+		{"firefox-esr", "--private-window"},
+		{"brave-browser", "--incognito"},
+		{"microsoft-edge", "--inprivate"},
+	}
+	for _, b := range browsers {
+		if path, err := exec.LookPath(b.name); err == nil {
+			return exec.Command(path, b.flag, url)
+		}
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
 // IsAvailable checks if the system has a command available to open a web browser.
 // It verifies the presence of necessary commands for the current operating system.
 //
 // Returns:
 //   - true if a browser can be opened, false otherwise.
 func IsAvailable() bool {
-	// First check if open-golang can work
-	testErr := open.Run("about:blank")
-	if testErr == nil {
-		return true
-	}
-
 	// Check platform-specific commands
 	switch runtime.GOOS {
 	case "darwin":

internal/cmd/auth_manager.go

@@ -5,8 +5,7 @@ import (
 )
 
 // newAuthManager creates a new authentication manager instance with all supported
-// authenticators and a file-based token store. It initializes authenticators for
-// Gemini, Codex, Claude, and Qwen providers.
+// authenticators and a file-based token store.
 //
 // Returns:
 //   - *sdkAuth.Manager: A configured authentication manager instance
@@ -20,6 +19,12 @@ func newAuthManager() *sdkAuth.Manager {
 		sdkAuth.NewIFlowAuthenticator(),
 		sdkAuth.NewAntigravityAuthenticator(),
 		sdkAuth.NewKimiAuthenticator(),
+		sdkAuth.NewKiroAuthenticator(),
+		sdkAuth.NewGitHubCopilotAuthenticator(),
+		sdkAuth.NewKiloAuthenticator(),
+		sdkAuth.NewGitLabAuthenticator(),
+		sdkAuth.NewCodeBuddyAuthenticator(),
+		sdkAuth.NewCursorAuthenticator(),
 	)
 	return manager
 }

internal/cmd/codebuddy_login.go

@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+package cmd
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"fmt"
+
+	"github.com/router-for-me/CLIProxyAPI/v6/internal/config"
+	sdkAuth "github.com/router-for-me/CLIProxyAPI/v6/sdk/auth"
+	log "github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
+)
+
+// DoCodeBuddyLogin triggers the browser OAuth polling flow for CodeBuddy and saves tokens.
+// It initiates the OAuth authentication, displays the user code for the user to enter
+// at the CodeBuddy verification URL, and waits for authorization before saving the tokens.
+//
+// Parameters:
+//   - cfg: The application configuration containing proxy and auth directory settings
+//   - options: Login options including browser behavior settings
+func DoCodeBuddyLogin(cfg *config.Config, options *LoginOptions) {
+	if options == nil {
+		options = &LoginOptions{}
+	}
+
+	manager := newAuthManager()
+	authOpts := &sdkAuth.LoginOptions{
+		NoBrowser: options.NoBrowser,
+		Metadata:  map[string]string{},
+	}
+
+	record, savedPath, err := manager.Login(context.Background(), "codebuddy", cfg, authOpts)
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Errorf("CodeBuddy authentication failed: %v", err)
+		return
+	}
+
+	if savedPath != "" {
+		fmt.Printf("Authentication saved to %s\n", savedPath)
+	}
+	if record != nil && record.Label != "" {
+		fmt.Printf("Authenticated as %s\n", record.Label)
+	}
+	fmt.Println("CodeBuddy authentication successful!")
+}

internal/cmd/cursor_login.go

@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+package cmd
+
+import (
+	"context"
+
+	"github.com/router-for-me/CLIProxyAPI/v6/internal/config"
+	sdkAuth "github.com/router-for-me/CLIProxyAPI/v6/sdk/auth"
+	log "github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
+)
+
+// DoCursorLogin triggers the OAuth PKCE flow for Cursor and saves tokens.
+func DoCursorLogin(cfg *config.Config, options *LoginOptions) {
+	if options == nil {
+		options = &LoginOptions{}
+	}
+
+	manager := newAuthManager()
+	authOpts := &sdkAuth.LoginOptions{
+		NoBrowser: options.NoBrowser,
+		Metadata:  map[string]string{},
+		Prompt:    options.Prompt,
+	}
+
+	record, savedPath, err := manager.Login(context.Background(), "cursor", cfg, authOpts)
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Errorf("Cursor authentication failed: %v", err)
+		return
+	}
+
+	if savedPath != "" {
+		log.Infof("Authentication saved to %s", savedPath)
+	}
+	if record != nil && record.Label != "" {
+		log.Infof("Authenticated as %s", record.Label)
+	}
+	log.Info("Cursor authentication successful!")
+}

internal/cmd/github_copilot_login.go

@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+package cmd
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"fmt"
+
+	"github.com/router-for-me/CLIProxyAPI/v6/internal/config"
+	sdkAuth "github.com/router-for-me/CLIProxyAPI/v6/sdk/auth"
+	log "github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
+)
+
+// DoGitHubCopilotLogin triggers the OAuth device flow for GitHub Copilot and saves tokens.
+// It initiates the device flow authentication, displays the user code for the user to enter
+// at GitHub's verification URL, and waits for authorization before saving the tokens.
+//
+// Parameters:
+//   - cfg: The application configuration containing proxy and auth directory settings
+//   - options: Login options including browser behavior settings
+func DoGitHubCopilotLogin(cfg *config.Config, options *LoginOptions) {
+	if options == nil {
+		options = &LoginOptions{}
+	}
+
+	manager := newAuthManager()
+	authOpts := &sdkAuth.LoginOptions{
+		NoBrowser: options.NoBrowser,
+		Metadata:  map[string]string{},
+		Prompt:    options.Prompt,
+	}
+
+	record, savedPath, err := manager.Login(context.Background(), "github-copilot", cfg, authOpts)
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Errorf("GitHub Copilot authentication failed: %v", err)
+		return
+	}
+
+	if savedPath != "" {
+		fmt.Printf("Authentication saved to %s\n", savedPath)
+	}
+	if record != nil && record.Label != "" {
+		fmt.Printf("Authenticated as %s\n", record.Label)
+	}
+	fmt.Println("GitHub Copilot authentication successful!")
+}

internal/cmd/gitlab_login.go

@@ -0,0 +1,69 @@
+package cmd
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"fmt"
+
+	"github.com/router-for-me/CLIProxyAPI/v6/internal/config"
+	sdkAuth "github.com/router-for-me/CLIProxyAPI/v6/sdk/auth"
+)
+
+func DoGitLabLogin(cfg *config.Config, options *LoginOptions) {
+	if options == nil {
+		options = &LoginOptions{}
+	}
+
+	promptFn := options.Prompt
+	if promptFn == nil {
+		promptFn = defaultProjectPrompt()
+	}
+
+	manager := newAuthManager()
+	authOpts := &sdkAuth.LoginOptions{
+		NoBrowser:    options.NoBrowser,
+		CallbackPort: options.CallbackPort,
+		Metadata: map[string]string{
+			"login_mode": "oauth",
+		},
+		Prompt: promptFn,
+	}
+
+	_, savedPath, err := manager.Login(context.Background(), "gitlab", cfg, authOpts)
+	if err != nil {
+		fmt.Printf("GitLab Duo authentication failed: %v\n", err)
+		return
+	}
+	if savedPath != "" {
+		fmt.Printf("Authentication saved to %s\n", savedPath)
+	}
+	fmt.Println("GitLab Duo authentication successful!")
+}
+
+func DoGitLabTokenLogin(cfg *config.Config, options *LoginOptions) {
+	if options == nil {
+		options = &LoginOptions{}
+	}
+
+	promptFn := options.Prompt
+	if promptFn == nil {
+		promptFn = defaultProjectPrompt()
+	}
+
+	manager := newAuthManager()
+	authOpts := &sdkAuth.LoginOptions{
+		Metadata: map[string]string{
+			"login_mode": "pat",
+		},
+		Prompt: promptFn,
+	}
+
+	_, savedPath, err := manager.Login(context.Background(), "gitlab", cfg, authOpts)
+	if err != nil {
+		fmt.Printf("GitLab Duo PAT authentication failed: %v\n", err)
+		return
+	}
+	if savedPath != "" {
+		fmt.Printf("Authentication saved to %s\n", savedPath)
+	}
+	fmt.Println("GitLab Duo PAT authentication successful!")
+}

internal/cmd/kilo_login.go

@@ -0,0 +1,54 @@
+package cmd
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"fmt"
+	"strings"
+
+	"github.com/router-for-me/CLIProxyAPI/v6/internal/config"
+	sdkAuth "github.com/router-for-me/CLIProxyAPI/v6/sdk/auth"
+)
+
+// DoKiloLogin handles the Kilo device flow using the shared authentication manager.
+// It initiates the device-based authentication process for Kilo AI services and saves
+// the authentication tokens to the configured auth directory.
+//
+// Parameters:
+//   - cfg: The application configuration
+//   - options: Login options including browser behavior and prompts
+func DoKiloLogin(cfg *config.Config, options *LoginOptions) {
+	if options == nil {
+		options = &LoginOptions{}
+	}
+
+	manager := newAuthManager()
+
+	promptFn := options.Prompt
+	if promptFn == nil {
+		promptFn = func(prompt string) (string, error) {
+			fmt.Print(prompt)
+			var value string
+			fmt.Scanln(&value)
+			return strings.TrimSpace(value), nil
+		}
+	}
+
+	authOpts := &sdkAuth.LoginOptions{
+		NoBrowser:    options.NoBrowser,
+		CallbackPort: options.CallbackPort,
+		Metadata:     map[string]string{},
+		Prompt:       promptFn,
+	}
+
+	_, savedPath, err := manager.Login(context.Background(), "kilo", cfg, authOpts)
+	if err != nil {
+		fmt.Printf("Kilo authentication failed: %v\n", err)
+		return
+	}
+
+	if savedPath != "" {
+		fmt.Printf("Authentication saved to %s\n", savedPath)
+	}
+
+	fmt.Println("Kilo authentication successful!")
+}

internal/cmd/kiro_login.go

@@ -0,0 +1,257 @@
+package cmd
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"fmt"
+
+	"github.com/router-for-me/CLIProxyAPI/v6/internal/config"
+	sdkAuth "github.com/router-for-me/CLIProxyAPI/v6/sdk/auth"
+	log "github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
+)
+
+// DoKiroLogin triggers the Kiro authentication flow with Google OAuth.
+// This is the default login method (same as --kiro-google-login).
+//
+// Parameters:
+//   - cfg: The application configuration
+//   - options: Login options including Prompt field
+func DoKiroLogin(cfg *config.Config, options *LoginOptions) {
+	// Use Google login as default
+	DoKiroGoogleLogin(cfg, options)
+}
+
+// DoKiroGoogleLogin triggers Kiro authentication with Google OAuth.
+// This uses a custom protocol handler (kiro://) to receive the callback.
+//
+// Parameters:
+//   - cfg: The application configuration
+//   - options: Login options including prompts
+func DoKiroGoogleLogin(cfg *config.Config, options *LoginOptions) {
+	if options == nil {
+		options = &LoginOptions{}
+	}
+
+	// Note: Kiro defaults to incognito mode for multi-account support.
+	// Users can override with --no-incognito if they want to use existing browser sessions.
+
+	manager := newAuthManager()
+
+	// Use KiroAuthenticator with Google login
+	authenticator := sdkAuth.NewKiroAuthenticator()
+	record, err := authenticator.LoginWithGoogle(context.Background(), cfg, &sdkAuth.LoginOptions{
+		NoBrowser: options.NoBrowser,
+		Metadata:  map[string]string{},
+		Prompt:    options.Prompt,
+	})
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Errorf("Kiro Google authentication failed: %v", err)
+		fmt.Println("\nTroubleshooting:")
+		fmt.Println("1. Make sure the protocol handler is installed")
+		fmt.Println("2. Complete the Google login in the browser")
+		fmt.Println("3. If callback fails, try: --kiro-import (after logging in via Kiro IDE)")
+		return
+	}
+
+	// Save the auth record
+	savedPath, err := manager.SaveAuth(record, cfg)
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Errorf("Failed to save auth: %v", err)
+		return
+	}
+
+	if savedPath != "" {
+		fmt.Printf("Authentication saved to %s\n", savedPath)
+	}
+	if record != nil && record.Label != "" {
+		fmt.Printf("Authenticated as %s\n", record.Label)
+	}
+	fmt.Println("Kiro Google authentication successful!")
+}
+
+// DoKiroAWSLogin triggers Kiro authentication with AWS Builder ID.
+// This uses the device code flow for AWS SSO OIDC authentication.
+//
+// Parameters:
+//   - cfg: The application configuration
+//   - options: Login options including prompts
+func DoKiroAWSLogin(cfg *config.Config, options *LoginOptions) {
+	if options == nil {
+		options = &LoginOptions{}
+	}
+
+	// Note: Kiro defaults to incognito mode for multi-account support.
+	// Users can override with --no-incognito if they want to use existing browser sessions.
+
+	manager := newAuthManager()
+
+	// Use KiroAuthenticator with AWS Builder ID login (device code flow)
+	authenticator := sdkAuth.NewKiroAuthenticator()
+	record, err := authenticator.Login(context.Background(), cfg, &sdkAuth.LoginOptions{
+		NoBrowser: options.NoBrowser,
+		Metadata:  map[string]string{},
+		Prompt:    options.Prompt,
+	})
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Errorf("Kiro AWS authentication failed: %v", err)
+		fmt.Println("\nTroubleshooting:")
+		fmt.Println("1. Make sure you have an AWS Builder ID")
+		fmt.Println("2. Complete the authorization in the browser")
+		fmt.Println("3. If callback fails, try: --kiro-import (after logging in via Kiro IDE)")
+		return
+	}
+
+	// Save the auth record
+	savedPath, err := manager.SaveAuth(record, cfg)
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Errorf("Failed to save auth: %v", err)
+		return
+	}
+
+	if savedPath != "" {
+		fmt.Printf("Authentication saved to %s\n", savedPath)
+	}
+	if record != nil && record.Label != "" {
+		fmt.Printf("Authenticated as %s\n", record.Label)
+	}
+	fmt.Println("Kiro AWS authentication successful!")
+}
+
+// DoKiroAWSAuthCodeLogin triggers Kiro authentication with AWS Builder ID using authorization code flow.
+// This provides a better UX than device code flow as it uses automatic browser callback.
+//
+// Parameters:
+//   - cfg: The application configuration
+//   - options: Login options including prompts
+func DoKiroAWSAuthCodeLogin(cfg *config.Config, options *LoginOptions) {
+	if options == nil {
+		options = &LoginOptions{}
+	}
+
+	// Note: Kiro defaults to incognito mode for multi-account support.
+	// Users can override with --no-incognito if they want to use existing browser sessions.
+
+	manager := newAuthManager()
+
+	// Use KiroAuthenticator with AWS Builder ID login (authorization code flow)
+	authenticator := sdkAuth.NewKiroAuthenticator()
+	record, err := authenticator.LoginWithAuthCode(context.Background(), cfg, &sdkAuth.LoginOptions{
+		NoBrowser: options.NoBrowser,
+		Metadata:  map[string]string{},
+		Prompt:    options.Prompt,
+	})
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Errorf("Kiro AWS authentication (auth code) failed: %v", err)
+		fmt.Println("\nTroubleshooting:")
+		fmt.Println("1. Make sure you have an AWS Builder ID")
+		fmt.Println("2. Complete the authorization in the browser")
+		fmt.Println("3. If callback fails, try: --kiro-aws-login (device code flow)")
+		return
+	}
+
+	// Save the auth record
+	savedPath, err := manager.SaveAuth(record, cfg)
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Errorf("Failed to save auth: %v", err)
+		return
+	}
+
+	if savedPath != "" {
+		fmt.Printf("Authentication saved to %s\n", savedPath)
+	}
+	if record != nil && record.Label != "" {
+		fmt.Printf("Authenticated as %s\n", record.Label)
+	}
+	fmt.Println("Kiro AWS authentication successful!")
+}
+
+// DoKiroImport imports Kiro token from Kiro IDE's token file.
+// This is useful for users who have already logged in via Kiro IDE
+// and want to use the same credentials in CLI Proxy API.
+//
+// Parameters:
+//   - cfg: The application configuration
+//   - options: Login options (currently unused for import)
+func DoKiroImport(cfg *config.Config, options *LoginOptions) {
+	if options == nil {
+		options = &LoginOptions{}
+	}
+
+	manager := newAuthManager()
+
+	// Use ImportFromKiroIDE instead of Login
+	authenticator := sdkAuth.NewKiroAuthenticator()
+	record, err := authenticator.ImportFromKiroIDE(context.Background(), cfg)
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Errorf("Kiro token import failed: %v", err)
+		fmt.Println("\nMake sure you have logged in to Kiro IDE first:")
+		fmt.Println("1. Open Kiro IDE")
+		fmt.Println("2. Click 'Sign in with Google' (or GitHub)")
+		fmt.Println("3. Complete the login process")
+		fmt.Println("4. Run this command again")
+		return
+	}
+
+	// Save the imported auth record
+	savedPath, err := manager.SaveAuth(record, cfg)
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Errorf("Failed to save auth: %v", err)
+		return
+	}
+
+	if savedPath != "" {
+		fmt.Printf("Authentication saved to %s\n", savedPath)
+	}
+	if record != nil && record.Label != "" {
+		fmt.Printf("Imported as %s\n", record.Label)
+	}
+	fmt.Println("Kiro token import successful!")
+}
+
+func DoKiroIDCLogin(cfg *config.Config, options *LoginOptions, startURL, region, flow string) {
+	if options == nil {
+		options = &LoginOptions{}
+	}
+
+	if startURL == "" {
+		log.Errorf("Kiro IDC login requires --kiro-idc-start-url")
+		fmt.Println("\nUsage: --kiro-idc-login --kiro-idc-start-url https://d-xxx.awsapps.com/start")
+		return
+	}
+
+	manager := newAuthManager()
+
+	authenticator := sdkAuth.NewKiroAuthenticator()
+	metadata := map[string]string{
+		"start-url": startURL,
+		"region":    region,
+		"flow":      flow,
+	}
+
+	record, err := authenticator.Login(context.Background(), cfg, &sdkAuth.LoginOptions{
+		NoBrowser: options.NoBrowser,
+		Metadata:  metadata,
+		Prompt:    options.Prompt,
+	})
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Errorf("Kiro IDC authentication failed: %v", err)
+		fmt.Println("\nTroubleshooting:")
+		fmt.Println("1. Make sure your IDC Start URL is correct")
+		fmt.Println("2. Complete the authorization in the browser")
+		fmt.Println("3. If auth code flow fails, try: --kiro-idc-flow device")
+		return
+	}
+
+	savedPath, err := manager.SaveAuth(record, cfg)
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Errorf("Failed to save auth: %v", err)
+		return
+	}
+
+	if savedPath != "" {
+		fmt.Printf("Authentication saved to %s\n", savedPath)
+	}
+	if record != nil && record.Label != "" {
+		fmt.Printf("Authenticated as %s\n", record.Label)
+	}
+	fmt.Println("Kiro IDC authentication successful!")
+}

internal/config/config.go

@@ -88,6 +88,17 @@ type Config struct {
 	// GeminiKey defines Gemini API key configurations with optional routing overrides.
 	GeminiKey []GeminiKey `yaml:"gemini-api-key" json:"gemini-api-key"`
 
+	// KiroKey defines a list of Kiro (AWS CodeWhisperer) configurations.
+	KiroKey []KiroKey `yaml:"kiro" json:"kiro"`
+
+	// KiroFingerprint defines a global fingerprint configuration for all Kiro requests.
+	// When set, all Kiro requests will use this fixed fingerprint instead of random generation.
+	KiroFingerprint *KiroFingerprintConfig `yaml:"kiro-fingerprint,omitempty" json:"kiro-fingerprint,omitempty"`
+
+	// KiroPreferredEndpoint sets the global default preferred endpoint for all Kiro providers.
+	// Values: "ide" (default, CodeWhisperer) or "cli" (Amazon Q).
+	KiroPreferredEndpoint string `yaml:"kiro-preferred-endpoint" json:"kiro-preferred-endpoint"`
+
 	// Codex defines a list of Codex API key configurations as specified in the YAML configuration file.
 	CodexKey []CodexKey `yaml:"codex-api-key" json:"codex-api-key"`
 
@@ -113,11 +124,12 @@ type Config struct {
 	AmpCode AmpCode `yaml:"ampcode" json:"ampcode"`
 
 	// OAuthExcludedModels defines per-provider global model exclusions applied to OAuth/file-backed auth entries.
+	// Supported channels: gemini-cli, vertex, aistudio, antigravity, claude, codex, qwen, iflow, kiro, github-copilot.
 	OAuthExcludedModels map[string][]string `yaml:"oauth-excluded-models,omitempty" json:"oauth-excluded-models,omitempty"`
 
 	// OAuthModelAlias defines global model name aliases for OAuth/file-backed auth channels.
 	// These aliases affect both model listing and model routing for supported channels:
-	// gemini-cli, vertex, aistudio, antigravity, claude, codex, qwen, iflow.
+	// gemini-cli, vertex, aistudio, antigravity, claude, codex, qwen, iflow, kiro, github-copilot.
 	//
 	// NOTE: This does not apply to existing per-credential model alias features under:
 	// gemini-api-key, codex-api-key, claude-api-key, openai-compatibility, vertex-api-key, and ampcode.
@@ -126,6 +138,11 @@ type Config struct {
 	// Payload defines default and override rules for provider payload parameters.
 	Payload PayloadConfig `yaml:"payload" json:"payload"`
 
+	// IncognitoBrowser enables opening OAuth URLs in incognito/private browsing mode.
+	// This is useful when you want to login with a different account without logging out
+	// from your current session. Default: false.
+	IncognitoBrowser bool `yaml:"incognito-browser" json:"incognito-browser"`
+
 	legacyMigrationPending bool `yaml:"-" json:"-"`
 }
 
@@ -481,6 +498,52 @@ type GeminiModel struct {
 func (m GeminiModel) GetName() string  { return m.Name }
 func (m GeminiModel) GetAlias() string { return m.Alias }
 
+// KiroKey represents the configuration for Kiro (AWS CodeWhisperer) authentication.
+type KiroKey struct {
+	// TokenFile is the path to the Kiro token file (default: ~/.aws/sso/cache/kiro-auth-token.json)
+	TokenFile string `yaml:"token-file,omitempty" json:"token-file,omitempty"`
+
+	// AccessToken is the OAuth access token for direct configuration.
+	AccessToken string `yaml:"access-token,omitempty" json:"access-token,omitempty"`
+
+	// RefreshToken is the OAuth refresh token for token renewal.
+	RefreshToken string `yaml:"refresh-token,omitempty" json:"refresh-token,omitempty"`
+
+	// ProfileArn is the AWS CodeWhisperer profile ARN.
+	ProfileArn string `yaml:"profile-arn,omitempty" json:"profile-arn,omitempty"`
+
+	// Region is the AWS region (default: us-east-1).
+	Region string `yaml:"region,omitempty" json:"region,omitempty"`
+
+	// StartURL is the IAM Identity Center (IDC) start URL for SSO login.
+	StartURL string `yaml:"start-url,omitempty" json:"start-url,omitempty"`
+
+	// ProxyURL optionally overrides the global proxy for this configuration.
+	ProxyURL string `yaml:"proxy-url,omitempty" json:"proxy-url,omitempty"`
+
+	// AgentTaskType sets the Kiro API task type. Known values: "vibe", "dev", "chat".
+	// Leave empty to let API use defaults. Different values may inject different system prompts.
+	AgentTaskType string `yaml:"agent-task-type,omitempty" json:"agent-task-type,omitempty"`
+
+	// PreferredEndpoint sets the preferred Kiro API endpoint/quota.
+	// Values: "codewhisperer" (default, IDE quota) or "amazonq" (CLI quota).
+	PreferredEndpoint string `yaml:"preferred-endpoint,omitempty" json:"preferred-endpoint,omitempty"`
+}
+
+// KiroFingerprintConfig defines a global fingerprint configuration for Kiro requests.
+// When configured, all Kiro requests will use this fixed fingerprint instead of random generation.
+// Empty fields will fall back to random selection from built-in pools.
+type KiroFingerprintConfig struct {
+	OIDCSDKVersion      string `yaml:"oidc-sdk-version,omitempty" json:"oidc-sdk-version,omitempty"`
+	RuntimeSDKVersion   string `yaml:"runtime-sdk-version,omitempty" json:"runtime-sdk-version,omitempty"`
+	StreamingSDKVersion string `yaml:"streaming-sdk-version,omitempty" json:"streaming-sdk-version,omitempty"`
+	OSType              string `yaml:"os-type,omitempty" json:"os-type,omitempty"`
+	OSVersion           string `yaml:"os-version,omitempty" json:"os-version,omitempty"`
+	NodeVersion         string `yaml:"node-version,omitempty" json:"node-version,omitempty"`
+	KiroVersion         string `yaml:"kiro-version,omitempty" json:"kiro-version,omitempty"`
+	KiroHash            string `yaml:"kiro-hash,omitempty" json:"kiro-hash,omitempty"`
+}
+
 // OpenAICompatibility represents the configuration for OpenAI API compatibility
 // with external providers, allowing model aliases to be routed through OpenAI API format.
 type OpenAICompatibility struct {
@@ -581,6 +644,7 @@ func LoadConfigOptional(configFile string, optional bool) (*Config, error) {
 	cfg.Pprof.Addr = DefaultPprofAddr
 	cfg.AmpCode.RestrictManagementToLocalhost = false // Default to false: API key auth is sufficient
 	cfg.RemoteManagement.PanelGitHubRepository = DefaultPanelGitHubRepository
+	cfg.IncognitoBrowser = false // Default to normal browser (AWS uses incognito by force)
 	if err = yaml.Unmarshal(data, &cfg); err != nil {
 		if optional {
 			// In cloud deploy mode, if YAML parsing fails, return empty config instead of error.
@@ -659,6 +723,9 @@ func LoadConfigOptional(configFile string, optional bool) (*Config, error) {
 	// Sanitize Claude key headers
 	cfg.SanitizeClaudeKeys()
 
+	// Sanitize Kiro keys: trim whitespace from credential fields
+	cfg.SanitizeKiroKeys()
+
 	// Sanitize OpenAI compatibility providers: drop entries without base-url
 	cfg.SanitizeOpenAICompatibility()
 
@@ -772,14 +839,46 @@ func (cfg *Config) SanitizeClaudeHeaderDefaults() {
 // SanitizeOAuthModelAlias normalizes and deduplicates global OAuth model name aliases.
 // It trims whitespace, normalizes channel keys to lower-case, drops empty entries,
 // allows multiple aliases per upstream name, and ensures aliases are unique within each channel.
+// It also injects default aliases for channels that have built-in defaults (e.g., kiro)
+// when no user-configured aliases exist for those channels.
 func (cfg *Config) SanitizeOAuthModelAlias() {
-	if cfg == nil || len(cfg.OAuthModelAlias) == 0 {
+	if cfg == nil {
+		return
+	}
+
+	// Inject channel defaults when the channel is absent in user config.
+	// Presence is checked case-insensitively and includes explicit nil/empty markers.
+	if cfg.OAuthModelAlias == nil {
+		cfg.OAuthModelAlias = make(map[string][]OAuthModelAlias)
+	}
+	hasChannel := func(channel string) bool {
+		for k := range cfg.OAuthModelAlias {
+			if strings.EqualFold(strings.TrimSpace(k), channel) {
+				return true
+			}
+		}
+		return false
+	}
+	if !hasChannel("kiro") {
+		cfg.OAuthModelAlias["kiro"] = defaultKiroAliases()
+	}
+	if !hasChannel("github-copilot") {
+		cfg.OAuthModelAlias["github-copilot"] = defaultGitHubCopilotAliases()
+	}
+
+	if len(cfg.OAuthModelAlias) == 0 {
 		return
 	}
 	out := make(map[string][]OAuthModelAlias, len(cfg.OAuthModelAlias))
 	for rawChannel, aliases := range cfg.OAuthModelAlias {
 		channel := strings.ToLower(strings.TrimSpace(rawChannel))
-		if channel == "" || len(aliases) == 0 {
+		if channel == "" {
+			continue
+		}
+		// Preserve channels that were explicitly set to empty/nil – they act
+		// as "disabled" markers so default injection won't re-add them (#222).
+		if len(aliases) == 0 {
+			out[channel] = nil
 			continue
 		}
 		seenAlias := make(map[string]struct{}, len(aliases))
@@ -864,6 +963,23 @@ func (cfg *Config) SanitizeClaudeKeys() {
 	}
 }
 
+// SanitizeKiroKeys trims whitespace from Kiro credential fields.
+func (cfg *Config) SanitizeKiroKeys() {
+	if cfg == nil || len(cfg.KiroKey) == 0 {
+		return
+	}
+	for i := range cfg.KiroKey {
+		entry := &cfg.KiroKey[i]
+		entry.TokenFile = strings.TrimSpace(entry.TokenFile)
+		entry.AccessToken = strings.TrimSpace(entry.AccessToken)
+		entry.RefreshToken = strings.TrimSpace(entry.RefreshToken)
+		entry.ProfileArn = strings.TrimSpace(entry.ProfileArn)
+		entry.Region = strings.TrimSpace(entry.Region)
+		entry.ProxyURL = strings.TrimSpace(entry.ProxyURL)
+		entry.PreferredEndpoint = strings.TrimSpace(entry.PreferredEndpoint)
+	}
+}
+
 // SanitizeGeminiKeys deduplicates and normalizes Gemini credentials.
 func (cfg *Config) SanitizeGeminiKeys() {
 	if cfg == nil {

internal/config/oauth_model_alias_defaults.go

@@ -0,0 +1,61 @@
+package config
+
+import "strings"
+
+// defaultKiroAliases returns default oauth-model-alias entries for Kiro.
+// These aliases expose standard Claude IDs for Kiro-prefixed upstream models.
+func defaultKiroAliases() []OAuthModelAlias {
+	return []OAuthModelAlias{
+		// Sonnet 4.6
+		{Name: "kiro-claude-sonnet-4-6", Alias: "claude-sonnet-4-6", Fork: true},
+		// Sonnet 4.5
+		{Name: "kiro-claude-sonnet-4-5", Alias: "claude-sonnet-4-5-20250929", Fork: true},
+		{Name: "kiro-claude-sonnet-4-5", Alias: "claude-sonnet-4-5", Fork: true},
+		// Sonnet 4
+		{Name: "kiro-claude-sonnet-4", Alias: "claude-sonnet-4-20250514", Fork: true},
+		{Name: "kiro-claude-sonnet-4", Alias: "claude-sonnet-4", Fork: true},
+		// Opus 4.6
+		{Name: "kiro-claude-opus-4-6", Alias: "claude-opus-4-6", Fork: true},
+		// Opus 4.5
+		{Name: "kiro-claude-opus-4-5", Alias: "claude-opus-4-5-20251101", Fork: true},
+		{Name: "kiro-claude-opus-4-5", Alias: "claude-opus-4-5", Fork: true},
+		// Haiku 4.5
+		{Name: "kiro-claude-haiku-4-5", Alias: "claude-haiku-4-5-20251001", Fork: true},
+		{Name: "kiro-claude-haiku-4-5", Alias: "claude-haiku-4-5", Fork: true},
+	}
+}
+
+// defaultGitHubCopilotAliases returns default oauth-model-alias entries for
+// GitHub Copilot Claude models. It exposes hyphen-style IDs used by clients.
+func defaultGitHubCopilotAliases() []OAuthModelAlias {
+	return []OAuthModelAlias{
+		{Name: "claude-haiku-4.5", Alias: "claude-haiku-4-5", Fork: true},
+		{Name: "claude-opus-4.1", Alias: "claude-opus-4-1", Fork: true},
+		{Name: "claude-opus-4.5", Alias: "claude-opus-4-5", Fork: true},
+		{Name: "claude-opus-4.6", Alias: "claude-opus-4-6", Fork: true},
+		{Name: "claude-sonnet-4.5", Alias: "claude-sonnet-4-5", Fork: true},
+		{Name: "claude-sonnet-4.6", Alias: "claude-sonnet-4-6", Fork: true},
+	}
+}
+
+// GitHubCopilotAliasesFromModels generates oauth-model-alias entries from a dynamic
+// list of model IDs fetched from the Copilot API. It auto-creates aliases for
+// models whose ID contains a dot (e.g. "claude-opus-4.6" → "claude-opus-4-6"),
+// which is the pattern used by Claude models on Copilot.
+func GitHubCopilotAliasesFromModels(modelIDs []string) []OAuthModelAlias {
+	var aliases []OAuthModelAlias
+	seen := make(map[string]struct{})
+	for _, id := range modelIDs {
+		if !strings.Contains(id, ".") {
+			continue
+		}
+		hyphenID := strings.ReplaceAll(id, ".", "-")
+		key := id + "→" + hyphenID
+		if _, ok := seen[key]; ok {
+			continue
+		}
+		seen[key] = struct{}{}
+		aliases = append(aliases, OAuthModelAlias{Name: id, Alias: hyphenID, Fork: true})
+	}
+	return aliases
+}

internal/config/oauth_model_alias_test.go

@@ -54,3 +54,208 @@ func TestSanitizeOAuthModelAlias_AllowsMultipleAliasesForSameName(t *testing.T)
 		}
 	}
 }
+
+func TestSanitizeOAuthModelAlias_InjectsDefaultKiroAliases(t *testing.T) {
+	// When no kiro aliases are configured, defaults should be injected
+	cfg := &Config{
+		OAuthModelAlias: map[string][]OAuthModelAlias{
+			"codex": {
+				{Name: "gpt-5", Alias: "g5"},
+			},
+		},
+	}
+
+	cfg.SanitizeOAuthModelAlias()
+
+	kiroAliases := cfg.OAuthModelAlias["kiro"]
+	if len(kiroAliases) == 0 {
+		t.Fatal("expected default kiro aliases to be injected")
+	}
+
+	// Check that standard Claude model names are present
+	aliasSet := make(map[string]bool)
+	for _, a := range kiroAliases {
+		aliasSet[a.Alias] = true
+	}
+	expectedAliases := []string{
+		"claude-sonnet-4-5-20250929",
+		"claude-sonnet-4-5",
+		"claude-sonnet-4-20250514",
+		"claude-sonnet-4",
+		"claude-opus-4-6",
+		"claude-opus-4-5-20251101",
+		"claude-opus-4-5",
+		"claude-haiku-4-5-20251001",
+		"claude-haiku-4-5",
+	}
+	for _, expected := range expectedAliases {
+		if !aliasSet[expected] {
+			t.Fatalf("expected default kiro alias %q to be present", expected)
+		}
+	}
+
+	// All should have fork=true
+	for _, a := range kiroAliases {
+		if !a.Fork {
+			t.Fatalf("expected all default kiro aliases to have fork=true, got fork=false for %q", a.Alias)
+		}
+	}
+
+	// Codex aliases should still be preserved
+	if len(cfg.OAuthModelAlias["codex"]) != 1 {
+		t.Fatal("expected codex aliases to be preserved")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestSanitizeOAuthModelAlias_InjectsDefaultGitHubCopilotAliases(t *testing.T) {
+	cfg := &Config{
+		OAuthModelAlias: map[string][]OAuthModelAlias{
+			"codex": {
+				{Name: "gpt-5", Alias: "g5"},
+			},
+		},
+	}
+
+	cfg.SanitizeOAuthModelAlias()
+
+	copilotAliases := cfg.OAuthModelAlias["github-copilot"]
+	if len(copilotAliases) == 0 {
+		t.Fatal("expected default github-copilot aliases to be injected")
+	}
+
+	aliasSet := make(map[string]bool, len(copilotAliases))
+	for _, a := range copilotAliases {
+		aliasSet[a.Alias] = true
+		if !a.Fork {
+			t.Fatalf("expected all default github-copilot aliases to have fork=true, got fork=false for %q", a.Alias)
+		}
+	}
+	expectedAliases := []string{
+		"claude-haiku-4-5",
+		"claude-opus-4-1",
+		"claude-opus-4-5",
+		"claude-opus-4-6",
+		"claude-sonnet-4-5",
+		"claude-sonnet-4-6",
+	}
+	for _, expected := range expectedAliases {
+		if !aliasSet[expected] {
+			t.Fatalf("expected default github-copilot alias %q to be present", expected)
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+func TestSanitizeOAuthModelAlias_DoesNotOverrideUserKiroAliases(t *testing.T) {
+	// When user has configured kiro aliases, defaults should NOT be injected
+	cfg := &Config{
+		OAuthModelAlias: map[string][]OAuthModelAlias{
+			"kiro": {
+				{Name: "kiro-claude-sonnet-4", Alias: "my-custom-sonnet", Fork: true},
+			},
+		},
+	}
+
+	cfg.SanitizeOAuthModelAlias()
+
+	kiroAliases := cfg.OAuthModelAlias["kiro"]
+	if len(kiroAliases) != 1 {
+		t.Fatalf("expected 1 user-configured kiro alias, got %d", len(kiroAliases))
+	}
+	if kiroAliases[0].Alias != "my-custom-sonnet" {
+		t.Fatalf("expected user alias to be preserved, got %q", kiroAliases[0].Alias)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestSanitizeOAuthModelAlias_DoesNotOverrideUserGitHubCopilotAliases(t *testing.T) {
+	cfg := &Config{
+		OAuthModelAlias: map[string][]OAuthModelAlias{
+			"github-copilot": {
+				{Name: "claude-opus-4.6", Alias: "my-opus", Fork: true},
+			},
+		},
+	}
+
+	cfg.SanitizeOAuthModelAlias()
+
+	copilotAliases := cfg.OAuthModelAlias["github-copilot"]
+	if len(copilotAliases) != 1 {
+		t.Fatalf("expected 1 user-configured github-copilot alias, got %d", len(copilotAliases))
+	}
+	if copilotAliases[0].Alias != "my-opus" {
+		t.Fatalf("expected user alias to be preserved, got %q", copilotAliases[0].Alias)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestSanitizeOAuthModelAlias_DoesNotReinjectAfterExplicitDeletion(t *testing.T) {
+	// When user explicitly deletes kiro aliases (key exists with nil value),
+	// defaults should NOT be re-injected on subsequent sanitize calls (#222).
+	cfg := &Config{
+		OAuthModelAlias: map[string][]OAuthModelAlias{
+			"kiro":  nil, // explicitly deleted
+			"codex": {{Name: "gpt-5", Alias: "g5"}},
+		},
+	}
+
+	cfg.SanitizeOAuthModelAlias()
+
+	kiroAliases := cfg.OAuthModelAlias["kiro"]
+	if len(kiroAliases) != 0 {
+		t.Fatalf("expected kiro aliases to remain empty after explicit deletion, got %d aliases", len(kiroAliases))
+	}
+	// The key itself must still be present to prevent re-injection on next reload
+	if _, exists := cfg.OAuthModelAlias["kiro"]; !exists {
+		t.Fatal("expected kiro key to be preserved as nil marker after sanitization")
+	}
+	// Other channels should be unaffected
+	if len(cfg.OAuthModelAlias["codex"]) != 1 {
+		t.Fatal("expected codex aliases to be preserved")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestSanitizeOAuthModelAlias_GitHubCopilotDoesNotReinjectAfterExplicitDeletion(t *testing.T) {
+	cfg := &Config{
+		OAuthModelAlias: map[string][]OAuthModelAlias{
+			"github-copilot": nil, // explicitly deleted
+		},
+	}
+
+	cfg.SanitizeOAuthModelAlias()
+
+	copilotAliases := cfg.OAuthModelAlias["github-copilot"]
+	if len(copilotAliases) != 0 {
+		t.Fatalf("expected github-copilot aliases to remain empty after explicit deletion, got %d aliases", len(copilotAliases))
+	}
+	if _, exists := cfg.OAuthModelAlias["github-copilot"]; !exists {
+		t.Fatal("expected github-copilot key to be preserved as nil marker after sanitization")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestSanitizeOAuthModelAlias_DoesNotReinjectAfterExplicitDeletionEmpty(t *testing.T) {
+	// Same as above but with empty slice instead of nil (PUT with empty body).
+	cfg := &Config{
+		OAuthModelAlias: map[string][]OAuthModelAlias{
+			"kiro": {}, // explicitly set to empty
+		},
+	}
+
+	cfg.SanitizeOAuthModelAlias()
+
+	if len(cfg.OAuthModelAlias["kiro"]) != 0 {
+		t.Fatalf("expected kiro aliases to remain empty, got %d aliases", len(cfg.OAuthModelAlias["kiro"]))
+	}
+	if _, exists := cfg.OAuthModelAlias["kiro"]; !exists {
+		t.Fatal("expected kiro key to be preserved")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestSanitizeOAuthModelAlias_InjectsDefaultKiroWhenEmpty(t *testing.T) {
+	// When OAuthModelAlias is nil, kiro defaults should still be injected
+	cfg := &Config{}
+
+	cfg.SanitizeOAuthModelAlias()
+
+	kiroAliases := cfg.OAuthModelAlias["kiro"]
+	if len(kiroAliases) == 0 {
+		t.Fatal("expected default kiro aliases to be injected when OAuthModelAlias is nil")
+	}
+}

internal/constant/constant.go

@@ -24,4 +24,10 @@ const (
 
 	// Antigravity represents the Antigravity response format identifier.
 	Antigravity = "antigravity"
+
+	// Kiro represents the AWS CodeWhisperer (Kiro) provider identifier.
+	Kiro = "kiro"
+
+	// Kilo represents the Kilo AI provider identifier.
+	Kilo = "kilo"
 )

internal/logging/global_logger.go

@@ -85,6 +85,7 @@ func (m *LogFormatter) Format(entry *log.Entry) ([]byte, error) {
 func SetupBaseLogger() {
 	setupOnce.Do(func() {
 		log.SetOutput(os.Stdout)
+		log.SetLevel(log.InfoLevel)
 		log.SetReportCaller(true)
 		log.SetFormatter(&LogFormatter{})
 

internal/registry/kilo_models.go

@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+// Package registry provides model definitions for various AI service providers.
+package registry
+
+// GetKiloModels returns the Kilo model definitions
+func GetKiloModels() []*ModelInfo {
+	return []*ModelInfo{
+		// --- Base Models ---
+		{
+			ID:                  "kilo/auto",
+			Object:              "model",
+			Created:             1732752000,
+			OwnedBy:             "kilo",
+			Type:                "kilo",
+			DisplayName:         "Kilo Auto",
+			Description:         "Automatic model selection by Kilo",
+			ContextLength:       200000,
+			MaxCompletionTokens: 64000,
+			Thinking:            &ThinkingSupport{Min: 1024, Max: 32000, ZeroAllowed: true, DynamicAllowed: true},
+		},
+	}
+}

internal/registry/kiro_model_converter.go

@@ -0,0 +1,303 @@
+// Package registry provides Kiro model conversion utilities.
+// This file handles converting dynamic Kiro API model lists to the internal ModelInfo format,
+// and merging with static metadata for thinking support and other capabilities.
+package registry
+
+import (
+	"strings"
+	"time"
+)
+
+// KiroAPIModel represents a model from Kiro API response.
+// This is a local copy to avoid import cycles with the kiro package.
+// The structure mirrors kiro.KiroModel for easy data conversion.
+type KiroAPIModel struct {
+	// ModelID is the unique identifier for the model (e.g., "claude-sonnet-4.5")
+	ModelID string
+	// ModelName is the human-readable name
+	ModelName string
+	// Description is the model description
+	Description string
+	// RateMultiplier is the credit multiplier for this model
+	RateMultiplier float64
+	// RateUnit is the unit for rate calculation (e.g., "credit")
+	RateUnit string
+	// MaxInputTokens is the maximum input token limit
+	MaxInputTokens int
+}
+
+// DefaultKiroThinkingSupport defines the default thinking configuration for Kiro models.
+// All Kiro models support thinking with the following budget range.
+var DefaultKiroThinkingSupport = &ThinkingSupport{
+	Min:            1024,  // Minimum thinking budget tokens
+	Max:            32000, // Maximum thinking budget tokens
+	ZeroAllowed:    true,  // Allow disabling thinking with 0
+	DynamicAllowed: true,  // Allow dynamic thinking budget (-1)
+}
+
+// DefaultKiroContextLength is the default context window size for Kiro models.
+const DefaultKiroContextLength = 200000
+
+// DefaultKiroMaxCompletionTokens is the default max completion tokens for Kiro models.
+const DefaultKiroMaxCompletionTokens = 64000
+
+// ConvertKiroAPIModels converts Kiro API models to internal ModelInfo format.
+// It performs the following transformations:
+//   - Normalizes model ID (e.g., claude-sonnet-4.5 → kiro-claude-sonnet-4-5)
+//   - Adds default thinking support metadata
+//   - Sets default context length and max completion tokens if not provided
+//
+// Parameters:
+//   - kiroModels: List of models from Kiro API response
+//
+// Returns:
+//   - []*ModelInfo: Converted model information list
+func ConvertKiroAPIModels(kiroModels []*KiroAPIModel) []*ModelInfo {
+	if len(kiroModels) == 0 {
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	now := time.Now().Unix()
+	result := make([]*ModelInfo, 0, len(kiroModels))
+
+	for _, km := range kiroModels {
+		// Skip nil models
+		if km == nil {
+			continue
+		}
+
+		// Skip models without valid ID
+		if km.ModelID == "" {
+			continue
+		}
+
+		// Normalize the model ID to kiro-* format
+		normalizedID := normalizeKiroModelID(km.ModelID)
+
+		// Create ModelInfo with converted data
+		info := &ModelInfo{
+			ID:          normalizedID,
+			Object:      "model",
+			Created:     now,
+			OwnedBy:     "aws",
+			Type:        "kiro",
+			DisplayName: generateKiroDisplayName(km.ModelName, normalizedID),
+			Description: km.Description,
+			// Use MaxInputTokens from API if available, otherwise use default
+			ContextLength:       getContextLength(km.MaxInputTokens),
+			MaxCompletionTokens: DefaultKiroMaxCompletionTokens,
+			// All Kiro models support thinking
+			Thinking: cloneThinkingSupport(DefaultKiroThinkingSupport),
+		}
+
+		result = append(result, info)
+	}
+
+	return result
+}
+
+// GenerateAgenticVariants creates -agentic variants for each model.
+// Agentic variants are optimized for coding agents with chunked writes.
+//
+// Parameters:
+//   - models: Base models to generate variants for
+//
+// Returns:
+//   - []*ModelInfo: Combined list of base models and their agentic variants
+func GenerateAgenticVariants(models []*ModelInfo) []*ModelInfo {
+	if len(models) == 0 {
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	// Pre-allocate result with capacity for both base models and variants
+	result := make([]*ModelInfo, 0, len(models)*2)
+
+	for _, model := range models {
+		if model == nil {
+			continue
+		}
+
+		// Add the base model first
+		result = append(result, model)
+
+		// Skip if model already has -agentic suffix
+		if strings.HasSuffix(model.ID, "-agentic") {
+			continue
+		}
+
+		// Skip special models that shouldn't have agentic variants
+		if model.ID == "kiro-auto" {
+			continue
+		}
+
+		// Create agentic variant
+		agenticModel := &ModelInfo{
+			ID:                  model.ID + "-agentic",
+			Object:              model.Object,
+			Created:             model.Created,
+			OwnedBy:             model.OwnedBy,
+			Type:                model.Type,
+			DisplayName:         model.DisplayName + " (Agentic)",
+			Description:         generateAgenticDescription(model.Description),
+			ContextLength:       model.ContextLength,
+			MaxCompletionTokens: model.MaxCompletionTokens,
+			Thinking:            cloneThinkingSupport(model.Thinking),
+		}
+
+		result = append(result, agenticModel)
+	}
+
+	return result
+}
+
+// MergeWithStaticMetadata merges dynamic models with static metadata.
+// Static metadata takes priority for any overlapping fields.
+// This allows manual overrides for specific models while keeping dynamic discovery.
+//
+// Parameters:
+//   - dynamicModels: Models from Kiro API (converted to ModelInfo)
+//   - staticModels: Predefined model metadata (from GetKiroModels())
+//
+// Returns:
+//   - []*ModelInfo: Merged model list with static metadata taking priority
+func MergeWithStaticMetadata(dynamicModels, staticModels []*ModelInfo) []*ModelInfo {
+	if len(dynamicModels) == 0 && len(staticModels) == 0 {
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	// Build a map of static models for quick lookup
+	staticMap := make(map[string]*ModelInfo, len(staticModels))
+	for _, sm := range staticModels {
+		if sm != nil && sm.ID != "" {
+			staticMap[sm.ID] = sm
+		}
+	}
+
+	// Build result, preferring static metadata where available
+	seenIDs := make(map[string]struct{})
+	result := make([]*ModelInfo, 0, len(dynamicModels)+len(staticModels))
+
+	// First, process dynamic models and merge with static if available
+	for _, dm := range dynamicModels {
+		if dm == nil || dm.ID == "" {
+			continue
+		}
+
+		// Skip duplicates
+		if _, seen := seenIDs[dm.ID]; seen {
+			continue
+		}
+		seenIDs[dm.ID] = struct{}{}
+
+		// Check if static metadata exists for this model
+		if sm, exists := staticMap[dm.ID]; exists {
+			// Static metadata takes priority - use static model
+			result = append(result, sm)
+		} else {
+			// No static metadata - use dynamic model
+			result = append(result, dm)
+		}
+	}
+
+	// Add any static models not in dynamic list
+	for _, sm := range staticModels {
+		if sm == nil || sm.ID == "" {
+			continue
+		}
+		if _, seen := seenIDs[sm.ID]; seen {
+			continue
+		}
+		seenIDs[sm.ID] = struct{}{}
+		result = append(result, sm)
+	}
+
+	return result
+}
+
+// normalizeKiroModelID converts Kiro API model IDs to internal format.
+// Transformation rules:
+//   - Adds "kiro-" prefix if not present
+//   - Replaces dots with hyphens (e.g., 4.5 → 4-5)
+//   - Handles special cases like "auto" → "kiro-auto"
+//
+// Examples:
+//   - "claude-sonnet-4.5" → "kiro-claude-sonnet-4-5"
+//   - "claude-opus-4.5" → "kiro-claude-opus-4-5"
+//   - "auto" → "kiro-auto"
+//   - "kiro-claude-sonnet-4-5" → "kiro-claude-sonnet-4-5" (unchanged)
+func normalizeKiroModelID(modelID string) string {
+	if modelID == "" {
+		return ""
+	}
+
+	// Trim whitespace
+	modelID = strings.TrimSpace(modelID)
+
+	// Replace dots with hyphens (e.g., 4.5 → 4-5)
+	normalized := strings.ReplaceAll(modelID, ".", "-")
+
+	// Add kiro- prefix if not present
+	if !strings.HasPrefix(normalized, "kiro-") {
+		normalized = "kiro-" + normalized
+	}
+
+	return normalized
+}
+
+// generateKiroDisplayName creates a human-readable display name.
+// Uses the API-provided model name if available, otherwise generates from ID.
+func generateKiroDisplayName(modelName, normalizedID string) string {
+	if modelName != "" {
+		return "Kiro " + modelName
+	}
+
+	// Generate from normalized ID by removing kiro- prefix and formatting
+	displayID := strings.TrimPrefix(normalizedID, "kiro-")
+	// Capitalize first letter of each word
+	words := strings.Split(displayID, "-")
+	for i, word := range words {
+		if len(word) > 0 {
+			words[i] = strings.ToUpper(word[:1]) + word[1:]
+		}
+	}
+	return "Kiro " + strings.Join(words, " ")
+}
+
+// generateAgenticDescription creates description for agentic variants.
+func generateAgenticDescription(baseDescription string) string {
+	if baseDescription == "" {
+		return "Optimized for coding agents with chunked writes"
+	}
+	return baseDescription + " (Agentic mode: chunked writes)"
+}
+
+// getContextLength returns the context length, using default if not provided.
+func getContextLength(maxInputTokens int) int {
+	if maxInputTokens > 0 {
+		return maxInputTokens
+	}
+	return DefaultKiroContextLength
+}
+
+// cloneThinkingSupport creates a deep copy of ThinkingSupport.
+// Returns nil if input is nil.
+func cloneThinkingSupport(ts *ThinkingSupport) *ThinkingSupport {
+	if ts == nil {
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	clone := &ThinkingSupport{
+		Min:            ts.Min,
+		Max:            ts.Max,
+		ZeroAllowed:    ts.ZeroAllowed,
+		DynamicAllowed: ts.DynamicAllowed,
+	}
+
+	// Deep copy Levels slice if present
+	if len(ts.Levels) > 0 {
+		clone.Levels = make([]string, len(ts.Levels))
+		copy(clone.Levels, ts.Levels)
+	}
+
+	return clone
+}

internal/registry/model_definitions.go

@@ -88,6 +88,111 @@ func GetAntigravityModels() []*ModelInfo {
 	return cloneModelInfos(getModels().Antigravity)
 }
 
+// GetCodeBuddyModels returns the available models for CodeBuddy (Tencent).
+// These models are served through the copilot.tencent.com API.
+func GetCodeBuddyModels() []*ModelInfo {
+	now := int64(1748044800) // 2025-05-24
+	return []*ModelInfo{
+		{
+			ID:                  "auto",
+			Object:              "model",
+			Created:             now,
+			OwnedBy:             "tencent",
+			Type:                "codebuddy",
+			DisplayName:         "Auto",
+			Description:         "Automatic model selection via CodeBuddy",
+			ContextLength:       128000,
+			MaxCompletionTokens: 32768,
+			SupportedEndpoints:  []string{"/chat/completions"},
+		},
+		{
+			ID:                  "glm-5.0-turbo",
+			Object:              "model",
+			Created:             now,
+			OwnedBy:             "tencent",
+			Type:                "codebuddy",
+			DisplayName:         "GLM-5.0 Turbo",
+			Description:         "GLM-5.0 Turbo via CodeBuddy",
+			ContextLength:       128000,
+			MaxCompletionTokens: 32768,
+			SupportedEndpoints:  []string{"/chat/completions"},
+		},
+		{
+			ID:                  "glm-5.0",
+			Object:              "model",
+			Created:             now,
+			OwnedBy:             "tencent",
+			Type:                "codebuddy",
+			DisplayName:         "GLM-5.0",
+			Description:         "GLM-5.0 via CodeBuddy",
+			ContextLength:       128000,
+			MaxCompletionTokens: 32768,
+			SupportedEndpoints:  []string{"/chat/completions"},
+		},
+		{
+			ID:                  "glm-4.7",
+			Object:              "model",
+			Created:             now,
+			OwnedBy:             "tencent",
+			Type:                "codebuddy",
+			DisplayName:         "GLM-4.7",
+			Description:         "GLM-4.7 via CodeBuddy",
+			ContextLength:       128000,
+			MaxCompletionTokens: 32768,
+			SupportedEndpoints:  []string{"/chat/completions"},
+		},
+		{
+			ID:                  "minimax-m2.7",
+			Object:              "model",
+			Created:             now,
+			OwnedBy:             "tencent",
+			Type:                "codebuddy",
+			DisplayName:         "MiniMax M2.7",
+			Description:         "MiniMax M2.7 via CodeBuddy",
+			ContextLength:       200000,
+			MaxCompletionTokens: 32768,
+			SupportedEndpoints:  []string{"/chat/completions"},
+		},
+		{
+			ID:                  "kimi-k2.5",
+			Object:              "model",
+			Created:             now,
+			OwnedBy:             "tencent",
+			Type:                "codebuddy",
+			DisplayName:         "Kimi K2.5",
+			Description:         "Kimi K2.5 via CodeBuddy",
+			ContextLength:       128000,
+			MaxCompletionTokens: 32768,
+			SupportedEndpoints:  []string{"/chat/completions"},
+		},
+		{
+			ID:                  "kimi-k2-thinking",
+			Object:              "model",
+			Created:             now,
+			OwnedBy:             "tencent",
+			Type:                "codebuddy",
+			DisplayName:         "Kimi K2 Thinking",
+			Description:         "Kimi K2 Thinking via CodeBuddy",
+			ContextLength:       128000,
+			MaxCompletionTokens: 32768,
+			Thinking:            &ThinkingSupport{ZeroAllowed: true},
+			SupportedEndpoints:  []string{"/chat/completions"},
+		},
+		{
+			ID:                  "deepseek-v3-2-volc",
+			Object:              "model",
+			Created:             now,
+			OwnedBy:             "tencent",
+			Type:                "codebuddy",
+			DisplayName:         "DeepSeek V3.2 (Volc)",
+			Description:         "DeepSeek V3.2 via CodeBuddy",
+			ContextLength:       128000,
+			MaxCompletionTokens: 32768,
+			SupportedEndpoints:  []string{"/chat/completions"},
+		},
+	}
+}
+
 // cloneModelInfos returns a shallow copy of the slice with each element deep-cloned.
 func cloneModelInfos(models []*ModelInfo) []*ModelInfo {
 	if len(models) == 0 {
@@ -113,7 +218,10 @@ func cloneModelInfos(models []*ModelInfo) []*ModelInfo {
 //   - qwen
 //   - iflow
 //   - kimi
-//   - antigravity
+//   - kilo
+//   - github-copilot
+//   - amazonq
+//   - antigravity (returns static overrides only)
 func GetStaticModelDefinitionsByChannel(channel string) []*ModelInfo {
 	key := strings.ToLower(strings.TrimSpace(channel))
 	switch key {
@@ -135,13 +243,37 @@ func GetStaticModelDefinitionsByChannel(channel string) []*ModelInfo {
 		return GetIFlowModels()
 	case "kimi":
 		return GetKimiModels()
+	case "github-copilot":
+		return GetGitHubCopilotModels()
+	case "kiro":
+		return GetKiroModels()
+	case "kilo":
+		return GetKiloModels()
+	case "amazonq":
+		return GetAmazonQModels()
 	case "antigravity":
 		return GetAntigravityModels()
+	case "codebuddy":
+		return GetCodeBuddyModels()
+	case "cursor":
+		return GetCursorModels()
 	default:
 		return nil
 	}
 }
 
+// GetCursorModels returns the fallback Cursor model definitions.
+func GetCursorModels() []*ModelInfo {
+	return []*ModelInfo{
+		{ID: "composer-2", Object: "model", OwnedBy: "cursor", Type: "cursor", DisplayName: "Composer 2", ContextLength: 200000, MaxCompletionTokens: 64000, Thinking: &ThinkingSupport{Max: 50000, DynamicAllowed: true}},
+		{ID: "claude-4-sonnet", Object: "model", OwnedBy: "cursor", Type: "cursor", DisplayName: "Claude 4 Sonnet", ContextLength: 200000, MaxCompletionTokens: 64000, Thinking: &ThinkingSupport{Max: 50000, DynamicAllowed: true}},
+		{ID: "claude-3.5-sonnet", Object: "model", OwnedBy: "cursor", Type: "cursor", DisplayName: "Claude 3.5 Sonnet", ContextLength: 200000, MaxCompletionTokens: 8192},
+		{ID: "gpt-4o", Object: "model", OwnedBy: "cursor", Type: "cursor", DisplayName: "GPT-4o", ContextLength: 128000, MaxCompletionTokens: 16384},
+		{ID: "cursor-small", Object: "model", OwnedBy: "cursor", Type: "cursor", DisplayName: "Cursor Small", ContextLength: 200000, MaxCompletionTokens: 64000},
+		{ID: "gemini-2.5-pro", Object: "model", OwnedBy: "cursor", Type: "cursor", DisplayName: "Gemini 2.5 Pro", ContextLength: 1000000, MaxCompletionTokens: 65536, Thinking: &ThinkingSupport{Max: 50000, DynamicAllowed: true}},
+	}
+}
+
 // LookupStaticModelInfo searches all static model definitions for a model by ID.
 // Returns nil if no matching model is found.
 func LookupStaticModelInfo(modelID string) *ModelInfo {
@@ -161,6 +293,12 @@ func LookupStaticModelInfo(modelID string) *ModelInfo {
 		data.IFlow,
 		data.Kimi,
 		data.Antigravity,
+		GetGitHubCopilotModels(),
+		GetKiroModels(),
+		GetKiloModels(),
+		GetAmazonQModels(),
+		GetCodeBuddyModels(),
+		GetCursorModels(),
 	}
 	for _, models := range allModels {
 		for _, m := range models {
@@ -172,3 +310,712 @@ func LookupStaticModelInfo(modelID string) *ModelInfo {
 
 	return nil
 }
+
+// GetGitHubCopilotModels returns the available models for GitHub Copilot.
+// These models are available through the GitHub Copilot API at api.githubcopilot.com.
+func GetGitHubCopilotModels() []*ModelInfo {
+	now := int64(1732752000) // 2024-11-27
+	gpt4oEntries := []struct {
+		ID          string
+		DisplayName string
+		Description string
+	}{
+		{ID: "gpt-4o-2024-11-20", DisplayName: "GPT-4o (2024-11-20)", Description: "OpenAI GPT-4o 2024-11-20 via GitHub Copilot"},
+		{ID: "gpt-4o-2024-08-06", DisplayName: "GPT-4o (2024-08-06)", Description: "OpenAI GPT-4o 2024-08-06 via GitHub Copilot"},
+		{ID: "gpt-4o-2024-05-13", DisplayName: "GPT-4o (2024-05-13)", Description: "OpenAI GPT-4o 2024-05-13 via GitHub Copilot"},
+		{ID: "gpt-4o", DisplayName: "GPT-4o", Description: "OpenAI GPT-4o via GitHub Copilot"},
+		{ID: "gpt-4-o-preview", DisplayName: "GPT-4-o Preview", Description: "OpenAI GPT-4-o Preview via GitHub Copilot"},
+	}
+
+	models := []*ModelInfo{
+		{
+			ID:                  "gpt-4.1",
+			Object:              "model",
+			Created:             now,
+			OwnedBy:             "github-copilot",
+			Type:                "github-copilot",
+			DisplayName:         "GPT-4.1",
+			Description:         "OpenAI GPT-4.1 via GitHub Copilot",
+			ContextLength:       128000,
+			MaxCompletionTokens: 16384,
+			SupportedEndpoints:  []string{"/chat/completions", "/responses"},
+		},
+	}
+
+	for _, entry := range gpt4oEntries {
+		models = append(models, &ModelInfo{
+			ID:                  entry.ID,
+			Object:              "model",
+			Created:             now,
+			OwnedBy:             "github-copilot",
+			Type:                "github-copilot",
+			DisplayName:         entry.DisplayName,
+			Description:         entry.Description,
+			ContextLength:       128000,
+			MaxCompletionTokens: 16384,
+			SupportedEndpoints:  []string{"/chat/completions", "/responses"},
+		})
+	}
+
+	return append(models, []*ModelInfo{
+		{
+			ID:                  "gpt-5",
+			Object:              "model",
+			Created:             now,
+			OwnedBy:             "github-copilot",
+			Type:                "github-copilot",
+			DisplayName:         "GPT-5",
+			Description:         "OpenAI GPT-5 via GitHub Copilot",
+			ContextLength:       200000,
+			MaxCompletionTokens: 32768,
+			SupportedEndpoints:  []string{"/chat/completions", "/responses"},
+			Thinking:            &ThinkingSupport{Levels: []string{"low", "medium", "high"}},
+		},
+		{
+			ID:                  "gpt-5-mini",
+			Object:              "model",
+			Created:             now,
+			OwnedBy:             "github-copilot",
+			Type:                "github-copilot",
+			DisplayName:         "GPT-5 Mini",
+			Description:         "OpenAI GPT-5 Mini via GitHub Copilot",
+			ContextLength:       128000,
+			MaxCompletionTokens: 16384,
+			SupportedEndpoints:  []string{"/chat/completions", "/responses"},
+			Thinking:            &ThinkingSupport{Levels: []string{"low", "medium", "high"}},
+		},
+		{
+			ID:                  "gpt-5-codex",
+			Object:              "model",
+			Created:             now,
+			OwnedBy:             "github-copilot",
+			Type:                "github-copilot",
+			DisplayName:         "GPT-5 Codex",
+			Description:         "OpenAI GPT-5 Codex via GitHub Copilot",
+			ContextLength:       200000,
+			MaxCompletionTokens: 32768,
+			SupportedEndpoints:  []string{"/responses"},
+			Thinking:            &ThinkingSupport{Levels: []string{"low", "medium", "high"}},
+		},
+		{
+			ID:                  "gpt-5.1",
+			Object:              "model",
+			Created:             now,
+			OwnedBy:             "github-copilot",
+			Type:                "github-copilot",
+			DisplayName:         "GPT-5.1",
+			Description:         "OpenAI GPT-5.1 via GitHub Copilot",
+			ContextLength:       200000,
+			MaxCompletionTokens: 32768,
+			SupportedEndpoints:  []string{"/chat/completions", "/responses"},
+			Thinking:            &ThinkingSupport{Levels: []string{"none", "low", "medium", "high"}},
+		},
+		{
+			ID:                  "gpt-5.1-codex",
+			Object:              "model",
+			Created:             now,
+			OwnedBy:             "github-copilot",
+			Type:                "github-copilot",
+			DisplayName:         "GPT-5.1 Codex",
+			Description:         "OpenAI GPT-5.1 Codex via GitHub Copilot",
+			ContextLength:       200000,
+			MaxCompletionTokens: 32768,
+			SupportedEndpoints:  []string{"/responses"},
+			Thinking:            &ThinkingSupport{Levels: []string{"none", "low", "medium", "high"}},
+		},
+		{
+			ID:                  "gpt-5.1-codex-mini",
+			Object:              "model",
+			Created:             now,
+			OwnedBy:             "github-copilot",
+			Type:                "github-copilot",
+			DisplayName:         "GPT-5.1 Codex Mini",
+			Description:         "OpenAI GPT-5.1 Codex Mini via GitHub Copilot",
+			ContextLength:       128000,
+			MaxCompletionTokens: 16384,
+			SupportedEndpoints:  []string{"/responses"},
+			Thinking:            &ThinkingSupport{Levels: []string{"none", "low", "medium", "high"}},
+		},
+		{
+			ID:                  "gpt-5.1-codex-max",
+			Object:              "model",
+			Created:             now,
+			OwnedBy:             "github-copilot",
+			Type:                "github-copilot",
+			DisplayName:         "GPT-5.1 Codex Max",
+			Description:         "OpenAI GPT-5.1 Codex Max via GitHub Copilot",
+			ContextLength:       200000,
+			MaxCompletionTokens: 32768,
+			SupportedEndpoints:  []string{"/responses"},
+			Thinking:            &ThinkingSupport{Levels: []string{"none", "low", "medium", "high", "xhigh"}},
+		},
+		{
+			ID:                  "gpt-5.2",
+			Object:              "model",
+			Created:             now,
+			OwnedBy:             "github-copilot",
+			Type:                "github-copilot",
+			DisplayName:         "GPT-5.2",
+			Description:         "OpenAI GPT-5.2 via GitHub Copilot",
+			ContextLength:       200000,
+			MaxCompletionTokens: 32768,
+			SupportedEndpoints:  []string{"/chat/completions", "/responses"},
+			Thinking:            &ThinkingSupport{Levels: []string{"none", "low", "medium", "high", "xhigh"}},
+		},
+		{
+			ID:                  "gpt-5.2-codex",
+			Object:              "model",
+			Created:             now,
+			OwnedBy:             "github-copilot",
+			Type:                "github-copilot",
+			DisplayName:         "GPT-5.2 Codex",
+			Description:         "OpenAI GPT-5.2 Codex via GitHub Copilot",
+			ContextLength:       200000,
+			MaxCompletionTokens: 32768,
+			SupportedEndpoints:  []string{"/responses"},
+			Thinking:            &ThinkingSupport{Levels: []string{"none", "low", "medium", "high", "xhigh"}},
+		},
+		{
+			ID:                  "gpt-5.3-codex",
+			Object:              "model",
+			Created:             now,
+			OwnedBy:             "github-copilot",
+			Type:                "github-copilot",
+			DisplayName:         "GPT-5.3 Codex",
+			Description:         "OpenAI GPT-5.3 Codex via GitHub Copilot",
+			ContextLength:       200000,
+			MaxCompletionTokens: 32768,
+			SupportedEndpoints:  []string{"/responses"},
+			Thinking:            &ThinkingSupport{Levels: []string{"none", "low", "medium", "high", "xhigh"}},
+		},
+		{
+			ID:                  "gpt-5.4",
+			Object:              "model",
+			Created:             now,
+			OwnedBy:             "github-copilot",
+			Type:                "github-copilot",
+			DisplayName:         "GPT-5.4",
+			Description:         "OpenAI GPT-5.4 via GitHub Copilot",
+			ContextLength:       200000,
+			MaxCompletionTokens: 32768,
+			SupportedEndpoints:  []string{"/responses"},
+			Thinking:            &ThinkingSupport{Levels: []string{"none", "low", "medium", "high", "xhigh"}},
+		},
+		{
+			ID:                  "gpt-5.4-mini",
+			Object:              "model",
+			Created:             now,
+			OwnedBy:             "github-copilot",
+			Type:                "github-copilot",
+			DisplayName:         "GPT-5.4 mini",
+			Description:         "OpenAI GPT-5.4 mini via GitHub Copilot",
+			ContextLength:       200000,
+			MaxCompletionTokens: 32768,
+			SupportedEndpoints:  []string{"/responses"},
+			Thinking:            &ThinkingSupport{Levels: []string{"none", "low", "medium", "high", "xhigh"}},
+		},
+		{
+			ID:                  "claude-haiku-4.5",
+			Object:              "model",
+			Created:             now,
+			OwnedBy:             "github-copilot",
+			Type:                "github-copilot",
+			DisplayName:         "Claude Haiku 4.5",
+			Description:         "Anthropic Claude Haiku 4.5 via GitHub Copilot",
+			ContextLength:       200000,
+			MaxCompletionTokens: 64000,
+			SupportedEndpoints:  []string{"/chat/completions"},
+		},
+		{
+			ID:                  "claude-opus-4.1",
+			Object:              "model",
+			Created:             now,
+			OwnedBy:             "github-copilot",
+			Type:                "github-copilot",
+			DisplayName:         "Claude Opus 4.1",
+			Description:         "Anthropic Claude Opus 4.1 via GitHub Copilot",
+			ContextLength:       200000,
+			MaxCompletionTokens: 32000,
+			SupportedEndpoints:  []string{"/chat/completions"},
+		},
+		{
+			ID:                  "claude-opus-4.5",
+			Object:              "model",
+			Created:             now,
+			OwnedBy:             "github-copilot",
+			Type:                "github-copilot",
+			DisplayName:         "Claude Opus 4.5",
+			Description:         "Anthropic Claude Opus 4.5 via GitHub Copilot",
+			ContextLength:       200000,
+			MaxCompletionTokens: 64000,
+			SupportedEndpoints:  []string{"/chat/completions"},
+			Thinking:            &ThinkingSupport{Levels: []string{"low", "medium", "high"}},
+		},
+		{
+			ID:                  "claude-opus-4.6",
+			Object:              "model",
+			Created:             now,
+			OwnedBy:             "github-copilot",
+			Type:                "github-copilot",
+			DisplayName:         "Claude Opus 4.6",
+			Description:         "Anthropic Claude Opus 4.6 via GitHub Copilot",
+			ContextLength:       200000,
+			MaxCompletionTokens: 64000,
+			SupportedEndpoints:  []string{"/chat/completions"},
+			Thinking:            &ThinkingSupport{Levels: []string{"low", "medium", "high"}},
+		},
+		{
+			ID:                  "claude-sonnet-4",
+			Object:              "model",
+			Created:             now,
+			OwnedBy:             "github-copilot",
+			Type:                "github-copilot",
+			DisplayName:         "Claude Sonnet 4",
+			Description:         "Anthropic Claude Sonnet 4 via GitHub Copilot",
+			ContextLength:       200000,
+			MaxCompletionTokens: 64000,
+			SupportedEndpoints:  []string{"/chat/completions"},
+			Thinking:            &ThinkingSupport{Levels: []string{"low", "medium", "high"}},
+		},
+		{
+			ID:                  "claude-sonnet-4.5",
+			Object:              "model",
+			Created:             now,
+			OwnedBy:             "github-copilot",
+			Type:                "github-copilot",
+			DisplayName:         "Claude Sonnet 4.5",
+			Description:         "Anthropic Claude Sonnet 4.5 via GitHub Copilot",
+			ContextLength:       200000,
+			MaxCompletionTokens: 64000,
+			SupportedEndpoints:  []string{"/chat/completions"},
+			Thinking:            &ThinkingSupport{Levels: []string{"low", "medium", "high"}},
+		},
+		{
+			ID:                  "claude-sonnet-4.6",
+			Object:              "model",
+			Created:             now,
+			OwnedBy:             "github-copilot",
+			Type:                "github-copilot",
+			DisplayName:         "Claude Sonnet 4.6",
+			Description:         "Anthropic Claude Sonnet 4.6 via GitHub Copilot",
+			ContextLength:       200000,
+			MaxCompletionTokens: 64000,
+			SupportedEndpoints:  []string{"/chat/completions"},
+			Thinking:            &ThinkingSupport{Levels: []string{"low", "medium", "high"}},
+		},
+		{
+			ID:                  "gemini-2.5-pro",
+			Object:              "model",
+			Created:             now,
+			OwnedBy:             "github-copilot",
+			Type:                "github-copilot",
+			DisplayName:         "Gemini 2.5 Pro",
+			Description:         "Google Gemini 2.5 Pro via GitHub Copilot",
+			ContextLength:       1048576,
+			MaxCompletionTokens: 65536,
+			SupportedEndpoints:  []string{"/chat/completions"},
+		},
+		{
+			ID:                  "gemini-3-pro-preview",
+			Object:              "model",
+			Created:             now,
+			OwnedBy:             "github-copilot",
+			Type:                "github-copilot",
+			DisplayName:         "Gemini 3 Pro (Preview)",
+			Description:         "Google Gemini 3 Pro Preview via GitHub Copilot",
+			ContextLength:       1048576,
+			MaxCompletionTokens: 65536,
+			SupportedEndpoints:  []string{"/chat/completions"},
+		},
+		{
+			ID:                  "gemini-3.1-pro-preview",
+			Object:              "model",
+			Created:             now,
+			OwnedBy:             "github-copilot",
+			Type:                "github-copilot",
+			DisplayName:         "Gemini 3.1 Pro (Preview)",
+			Description:         "Google Gemini 3.1 Pro Preview via GitHub Copilot",
+			ContextLength:       173000,
+			MaxCompletionTokens: 65536,
+			SupportedEndpoints:  []string{"/chat/completions"},
+		},
+		{
+			ID:                  "gemini-3-flash-preview",
+			Object:              "model",
+			Created:             now,
+			OwnedBy:             "github-copilot",
+			Type:                "github-copilot",
+			DisplayName:         "Gemini 3 Flash (Preview)",
+			Description:         "Google Gemini 3 Flash Preview via GitHub Copilot",
+			ContextLength:       173000,
+			MaxCompletionTokens: 65536,
+			SupportedEndpoints:  []string{"/chat/completions"},
+		},
+		{
+			ID:                  "grok-code-fast-1",
+			Object:              "model",
+			Created:             now,
+			OwnedBy:             "github-copilot",
+			Type:                "github-copilot",
+			DisplayName:         "Grok Code Fast 1",
+			Description:         "xAI Grok Code Fast 1 via GitHub Copilot",
+			ContextLength:       128000,
+			MaxCompletionTokens: 16384,
+		},
+		{
+			ID:                  "oswe-vscode-prime",
+			Object:              "model",
+			Created:             now,
+			OwnedBy:             "github-copilot",
+			Type:                "github-copilot",
+			DisplayName:         "Raptor mini (Preview)",
+			Description:         "Raptor mini via GitHub Copilot",
+			ContextLength:       128000,
+			MaxCompletionTokens: 16384,
+			SupportedEndpoints:  []string{"/chat/completions", "/responses"},
+		},
+	}...)
+}
+
+// GetKiroModels returns the Kiro (AWS CodeWhisperer) model definitions
+func GetKiroModels() []*ModelInfo {
+	return []*ModelInfo{
+		// --- Base Models ---
+		{
+			ID:                  "kiro-auto",
+			Object:              "model",
+			Created:             1732752000,
+			OwnedBy:             "aws",
+			Type:                "kiro",
+			DisplayName:         "Kiro Auto",
+			Description:         "Automatic model selection by Kiro",
+			ContextLength:       200000,
+			MaxCompletionTokens: 64000,
+			Thinking:            &ThinkingSupport{Min: 1024, Max: 32000, ZeroAllowed: true, DynamicAllowed: true},
+		},
+		{
+			ID:                  "kiro-claude-opus-4-6",
+			Object:              "model",
+			Created:             1736899200, // 2025-01-15
+			OwnedBy:             "aws",
+			Type:                "kiro",
+			DisplayName:         "Kiro Claude Opus 4.6",
+			Description:         "Claude Opus 4.6 via Kiro (2.2x credit)",
+			ContextLength:       200000,
+			MaxCompletionTokens: 64000,
+			Thinking:            &ThinkingSupport{Min: 1024, Max: 32000, ZeroAllowed: true, DynamicAllowed: true},
+		},
+		{
+			ID:                  "kiro-claude-sonnet-4-6",
+			Object:              "model",
+			Created:             1739836800, // 2025-02-18
+			OwnedBy:             "aws",
+			Type:                "kiro",
+			DisplayName:         "Kiro Claude Sonnet 4.6",
+			Description:         "Claude Sonnet 4.6 via Kiro (1.3x credit)",
+			ContextLength:       200000,
+			MaxCompletionTokens: 64000,
+			Thinking:            &ThinkingSupport{Min: 1024, Max: 32000, ZeroAllowed: true, DynamicAllowed: true},
+		},
+		{
+			ID:                  "kiro-claude-opus-4-5",
+			Object:              "model",
+			Created:             1732752000,
+			OwnedBy:             "aws",
+			Type:                "kiro",
+			DisplayName:         "Kiro Claude Opus 4.5",
+			Description:         "Claude Opus 4.5 via Kiro (2.2x credit)",
+			ContextLength:       200000,
+			MaxCompletionTokens: 64000,
+			Thinking:            &ThinkingSupport{Min: 1024, Max: 32000, ZeroAllowed: true, DynamicAllowed: true},
+		},
+		{
+			ID:                  "kiro-claude-sonnet-4-5",
+			Object:              "model",
+			Created:             1732752000,
+			OwnedBy:             "aws",
+			Type:                "kiro",
+			DisplayName:         "Kiro Claude Sonnet 4.5",
+			Description:         "Claude Sonnet 4.5 via Kiro (1.3x credit)",
+			ContextLength:       200000,
+			MaxCompletionTokens: 64000,
+			Thinking:            &ThinkingSupport{Min: 1024, Max: 32000, ZeroAllowed: true, DynamicAllowed: true},
+		},
+		{
+			ID:                  "kiro-claude-sonnet-4",
+			Object:              "model",
+			Created:             1732752000,
+			OwnedBy:             "aws",
+			Type:                "kiro",
+			DisplayName:         "Kiro Claude Sonnet 4",
+			Description:         "Claude Sonnet 4 via Kiro (1.3x credit)",
+			ContextLength:       200000,
+			MaxCompletionTokens: 64000,
+			Thinking:            &ThinkingSupport{Min: 1024, Max: 32000, ZeroAllowed: true, DynamicAllowed: true},
+		},
+		{
+			ID:                  "kiro-claude-haiku-4-5",
+			Object:              "model",
+			Created:             1732752000,
+			OwnedBy:             "aws",
+			Type:                "kiro",
+			DisplayName:         "Kiro Claude Haiku 4.5",
+			Description:         "Claude Haiku 4.5 via Kiro (0.4x credit)",
+			ContextLength:       200000,
+			MaxCompletionTokens: 64000,
+			Thinking:            &ThinkingSupport{Min: 1024, Max: 32000, ZeroAllowed: true, DynamicAllowed: true},
+		},
+		// --- 第三方模型 (通过 Kiro 接入) ---
+		{
+			ID:                  "kiro-deepseek-3-2",
+			Object:              "model",
+			Created:             1732752000,
+			OwnedBy:             "aws",
+			Type:                "kiro",
+			DisplayName:         "Kiro DeepSeek 3.2",
+			Description:         "DeepSeek 3.2 via Kiro",
+			ContextLength:       128000,
+			MaxCompletionTokens: 32768,
+			Thinking:            &ThinkingSupport{Min: 1024, Max: 32000, ZeroAllowed: true, DynamicAllowed: true},
+		},
+		{
+			ID:                  "kiro-minimax-m2-1",
+			Object:              "model",
+			Created:             1732752000,
+			OwnedBy:             "aws",
+			Type:                "kiro",
+			DisplayName:         "Kiro MiniMax M2.1",
+			Description:         "MiniMax M2.1 via Kiro",
+			ContextLength:       200000,
+			MaxCompletionTokens: 64000,
+			Thinking:            &ThinkingSupport{Min: 1024, Max: 32000, ZeroAllowed: true, DynamicAllowed: true},
+		},
+		{
+			ID:                  "kiro-qwen3-coder-next",
+			Object:              "model",
+			Created:             1732752000,
+			OwnedBy:             "aws",
+			Type:                "kiro",
+			DisplayName:         "Kiro Qwen3 Coder Next",
+			Description:         "Qwen3 Coder Next via Kiro",
+			ContextLength:       128000,
+			MaxCompletionTokens: 32768,
+			Thinking:            &ThinkingSupport{Min: 1024, Max: 32000, ZeroAllowed: true, DynamicAllowed: true},
+		},
+		{
+			ID:                  "kiro-gpt-4o",
+			Object:              "model",
+			Created:             1732752000,
+			OwnedBy:             "aws",
+			Type:                "kiro",
+			DisplayName:         "Kiro GPT-4o",
+			Description:         "OpenAI GPT-4o via Kiro",
+			ContextLength:       128000,
+			MaxCompletionTokens: 16384,
+		},
+		{
+			ID:                  "kiro-gpt-4",
+			Object:              "model",
+			Created:             1732752000,
+			OwnedBy:             "aws",
+			Type:                "kiro",
+			DisplayName:         "Kiro GPT-4",
+			Description:         "OpenAI GPT-4 via Kiro",
+			ContextLength:       128000,
+			MaxCompletionTokens: 8192,
+		},
+		{
+			ID:                  "kiro-gpt-4-turbo",
+			Object:              "model",
+			Created:             1732752000,
+			OwnedBy:             "aws",
+			Type:                "kiro",
+			DisplayName:         "Kiro GPT-4 Turbo",
+			Description:         "OpenAI GPT-4 Turbo via Kiro",
+			ContextLength:       128000,
+			MaxCompletionTokens: 16384,
+		},
+		{
+			ID:                  "kiro-gpt-3-5-turbo",
+			Object:              "model",
+			Created:             1732752000,
+			OwnedBy:             "aws",
+			Type:                "kiro",
+			DisplayName:         "Kiro GPT-3.5 Turbo",
+			Description:         "OpenAI GPT-3.5 Turbo via Kiro",
+			ContextLength:       16384,
+			MaxCompletionTokens: 4096,
+		},
+		// --- Agentic Variants (Optimized for coding agents with chunked writes) ---
+		{
+			ID:                  "kiro-claude-opus-4-6-agentic",
+			Object:              "model",
+			Created:             1736899200, // 2025-01-15
+			OwnedBy:             "aws",
+			Type:                "kiro",
+			DisplayName:         "Kiro Claude Opus 4.6 (Agentic)",
+			Description:         "Claude Opus 4.6 optimized for coding agents (chunked writes)",
+			ContextLength:       200000,
+			MaxCompletionTokens: 64000,
+			Thinking:            &ThinkingSupport{Min: 1024, Max: 32000, ZeroAllowed: true, DynamicAllowed: true},
+		},
+		{
+			ID:                  "kiro-claude-sonnet-4-6-agentic",
+			Object:              "model",
+			Created:             1739836800, // 2025-02-18
+			OwnedBy:             "aws",
+			Type:                "kiro",
+			DisplayName:         "Kiro Claude Sonnet 4.6 (Agentic)",
+			Description:         "Claude Sonnet 4.6 optimized for coding agents (chunked writes)",
+			ContextLength:       200000,
+			MaxCompletionTokens: 64000,
+			Thinking:            &ThinkingSupport{Min: 1024, Max: 32000, ZeroAllowed: true, DynamicAllowed: true},
+		},
+		{
+			ID:                  "kiro-claude-opus-4-5-agentic",
+			Object:              "model",
+			Created:             1732752000,
+			OwnedBy:             "aws",
+			Type:                "kiro",
+			DisplayName:         "Kiro Claude Opus 4.5 (Agentic)",
+			Description:         "Claude Opus 4.5 optimized for coding agents (chunked writes)",
+			ContextLength:       200000,
+			MaxCompletionTokens: 64000,
+			Thinking:            &ThinkingSupport{Min: 1024, Max: 32000, ZeroAllowed: true, DynamicAllowed: true},
+		},
+		{
+			ID:                  "kiro-claude-sonnet-4-5-agentic",
+			Object:              "model",
+			Created:             1732752000,
+			OwnedBy:             "aws",
+			Type:                "kiro",
+			DisplayName:         "Kiro Claude Sonnet 4.5 (Agentic)",
+			Description:         "Claude Sonnet 4.5 optimized for coding agents (chunked writes)",
+			ContextLength:       200000,
+			MaxCompletionTokens: 64000,
+			Thinking:            &ThinkingSupport{Min: 1024, Max: 32000, ZeroAllowed: true, DynamicAllowed: true},
+		},
+		{
+			ID:                  "kiro-claude-sonnet-4-agentic",
+			Object:              "model",
+			Created:             1732752000,
+			OwnedBy:             "aws",
+			Type:                "kiro",
+			DisplayName:         "Kiro Claude Sonnet 4 (Agentic)",
+			Description:         "Claude Sonnet 4 optimized for coding agents (chunked writes)",
+			ContextLength:       200000,
+			MaxCompletionTokens: 64000,
+			Thinking:            &ThinkingSupport{Min: 1024, Max: 32000, ZeroAllowed: true, DynamicAllowed: true},
+		},
+		{
+			ID:                  "kiro-claude-haiku-4-5-agentic",
+			Object:              "model",
+			Created:             1732752000,
+			OwnedBy:             "aws",
+			Type:                "kiro",
+			DisplayName:         "Kiro Claude Haiku 4.5 (Agentic)",
+			Description:         "Claude Haiku 4.5 optimized for coding agents (chunked writes)",
+			ContextLength:       200000,
+			MaxCompletionTokens: 64000,
+			Thinking:            &ThinkingSupport{Min: 1024, Max: 32000, ZeroAllowed: true, DynamicAllowed: true},
+		},
+		{
+			ID:                  "kiro-deepseek-3-2-agentic",
+			Object:              "model",
+			Created:             1732752000,
+			OwnedBy:             "aws",
+			Type:                "kiro",
+			DisplayName:         "Kiro DeepSeek 3.2 (Agentic)",
+			Description:         "DeepSeek 3.2 optimized for coding agents (chunked writes)",
+			ContextLength:       128000,
+			MaxCompletionTokens: 32768,
+			Thinking:            &ThinkingSupport{Min: 1024, Max: 32000, ZeroAllowed: true, DynamicAllowed: true},
+		},
+		{
+			ID:                  "kiro-minimax-m2-1-agentic",
+			Object:              "model",
+			Created:             1732752000,
+			OwnedBy:             "aws",
+			Type:                "kiro",
+			DisplayName:         "Kiro MiniMax M2.1 (Agentic)",
+			Description:         "MiniMax M2.1 optimized for coding agents (chunked writes)",
+			ContextLength:       200000,
+			MaxCompletionTokens: 64000,
+			Thinking:            &ThinkingSupport{Min: 1024, Max: 32000, ZeroAllowed: true, DynamicAllowed: true},
+		},
+		{
+			ID:                  "kiro-qwen3-coder-next-agentic",
+			Object:              "model",
+			Created:             1732752000,
+			OwnedBy:             "aws",
+			Type:                "kiro",
+			DisplayName:         "Kiro Qwen3 Coder Next (Agentic)",
+			Description:         "Qwen3 Coder Next optimized for coding agents (chunked writes)",
+			ContextLength:       128000,
+			MaxCompletionTokens: 32768,
+			Thinking:            &ThinkingSupport{Min: 1024, Max: 32000, ZeroAllowed: true, DynamicAllowed: true},
+		},
+	}
+}
+
+// GetAmazonQModels returns the Amazon Q (AWS CodeWhisperer) model definitions.
+// These models use the same API as Kiro and share the same executor.
+func GetAmazonQModels() []*ModelInfo {
+	return []*ModelInfo{
+		{
+			ID:                  "amazonq-auto",
+			Object:              "model",
+			Created:             1732752000,
+			OwnedBy:             "aws",
+			Type:                "kiro", // Uses Kiro executor - same API
+			DisplayName:         "Amazon Q Auto",
+			Description:         "Automatic model selection by Amazon Q",
+			ContextLength:       200000,
+			MaxCompletionTokens: 64000,
+		},
+		{
+			ID:                  "amazonq-claude-opus-4.5",
+			Object:              "model",
+			Created:             1732752000,
+			OwnedBy:             "aws",
+			Type:                "kiro",
+			DisplayName:         "Amazon Q Claude Opus 4.5",
+			Description:         "Claude Opus 4.5 via Amazon Q (2.2x credit)",
+			ContextLength:       200000,
+			MaxCompletionTokens: 64000,
+		},
+		{
+			ID:                  "amazonq-claude-sonnet-4.5",
+			Object:              "model",
+			Created:             1732752000,
+			OwnedBy:             "aws",
+			Type:                "kiro",
+			DisplayName:         "Amazon Q Claude Sonnet 4.5",
+			Description:         "Claude Sonnet 4.5 via Amazon Q (1.3x credit)",
+			ContextLength:       200000,
+			MaxCompletionTokens: 64000,
+		},
+		{
+			ID:                  "amazonq-claude-sonnet-4",
+			Object:              "model",
+			Created:             1732752000,
+			OwnedBy:             "aws",
+			Type:                "kiro",
+			DisplayName:         "Amazon Q Claude Sonnet 4",
+			Description:         "Claude Sonnet 4 via Amazon Q (1.3x credit)",
+			ContextLength:       200000,
+			MaxCompletionTokens: 64000,
+		},
+		{
+			ID:                  "amazonq-claude-haiku-4.5",
+			Object:              "model",
+			Created:             1732752000,
+			OwnedBy:             "aws",
+			Type:                "kiro",
+			DisplayName:         "Amazon Q Claude Haiku 4.5",
+			Description:         "Claude Haiku 4.5 via Amazon Q (0.4x credit)",
+			ContextLength:       200000,
+			MaxCompletionTokens: 64000,
+		},
+	}
+}

internal/registry/model_definitions_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+package registry
+
+import "testing"
+
+func TestGitHubCopilotGeminiModelsAreChatOnly(t *testing.T) {
+	models := GetGitHubCopilotModels()
+	required := map[string]bool{
+		"gemini-2.5-pro":         false,
+		"gemini-3-pro-preview":   false,
+		"gemini-3.1-pro-preview": false,
+		"gemini-3-flash-preview": false,
+	}
+
+	for _, model := range models {
+		if _, ok := required[model.ID]; !ok {
+			continue
+		}
+		required[model.ID] = true
+		if len(model.SupportedEndpoints) != 1 || model.SupportedEndpoints[0] != "/chat/completions" {
+			t.Fatalf("model %q supported endpoints = %v, want [/chat/completions]", model.ID, model.SupportedEndpoints)
+		}
+	}
+
+	for modelID, found := range required {
+		if !found {
+			t.Fatalf("expected GitHub Copilot model %q in definitions", modelID)
+		}
+	}
+}

internal/registry/model_registry.go

@@ -47,6 +47,8 @@ type ModelInfo struct {
 	MaxCompletionTokens int `json:"max_completion_tokens,omitempty"`
 	// SupportedParameters lists supported parameters
 	SupportedParameters []string `json:"supported_parameters,omitempty"`
+	// SupportedEndpoints lists supported API endpoints (e.g., "/chat/completions", "/responses").
+	SupportedEndpoints []string `json:"supported_endpoints,omitempty"`
 	// SupportedInputModalities lists supported input modalities (e.g., TEXT, IMAGE, VIDEO, AUDIO)
 	SupportedInputModalities []string `json:"supportedInputModalities,omitempty"`
 	// SupportedOutputModalities lists supported output modalities (e.g., TEXT, IMAGE)
@@ -1141,9 +1143,13 @@ func (r *ModelRegistry) convertModelToMap(model *ModelInfo, handlerType string)
 		if len(model.SupportedParameters) > 0 {
 			result["supported_parameters"] = append([]string(nil), model.SupportedParameters...)
 		}
+		if len(model.SupportedEndpoints) > 0 {
+			result["supported_endpoints"] = model.SupportedEndpoints
+		}
 		return result
 
-	case "claude":
+	case "claude", "kiro", "antigravity":
+		// Claude, Kiro, and Antigravity all use Claude-compatible format for Claude Code client
 		result := map[string]any{
 			"id":       model.ID,
 			"object":   "model",
@@ -1158,6 +1164,19 @@ func (r *ModelRegistry) convertModelToMap(model *ModelInfo, handlerType string)
 		if model.DisplayName != "" {
 			result["display_name"] = model.DisplayName
 		}
+		// Add thinking support for Claude Code client
+		// Claude Code checks for "thinking" field (simple boolean) to enable tab toggle
+		// Also add "extended_thinking" for detailed budget info
+		if model.Thinking != nil {
+			result["thinking"] = true
+			result["extended_thinking"] = map[string]any{
+				"supported":       true,
+				"min":             model.Thinking.Min,
+				"max":             model.Thinking.Max,
+				"zero_allowed":    model.Thinking.ZeroAllowed,
+				"dynamic_allowed": model.Thinking.DynamicAllowed,
+			}
+		}
 		return result
 
 	case "gemini":

internal/runtime/executor/claude_executor.go

@@ -848,6 +848,14 @@ func applyClaudeHeaders(r *http.Request, auth *cliproxyauth.Auth, apiKey string,
 			hasClaude1MHeader = true
 		}
 	}
+	// Also check auth attributes — GitLab Duo sets gitlab_duo_force_context_1m
+	// when routing through the Anthropic gateway, but the gin headers won't have
+	// X-CPA-CLAUDE-1M because the request is internally constructed.
+	if !hasClaude1MHeader && auth != nil && auth.Attributes != nil {
+		if auth.Attributes["gitlab_duo_force_context_1m"] == "true" {
+			hasClaude1MHeader = true
+		}
+	}
 
 	// Merge extra betas from request body and request flags.
 	if len(extraBetas) > 0 || hasClaude1MHeader {

internal/runtime/executor/codebuddy_executor.go

@@ -0,0 +1,343 @@
+package executor
+
+import (
+	"bufio"
+	"bytes"
+	"context"
+	"fmt"
+	"io"
+	"net/http"
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/router-for-me/CLIProxyAPI/v6/internal/auth/codebuddy"
+	"github.com/router-for-me/CLIProxyAPI/v6/internal/config"
+	"github.com/router-for-me/CLIProxyAPI/v6/internal/thinking"
+	cliproxyauth "github.com/router-for-me/CLIProxyAPI/v6/sdk/cliproxy/auth"
+	cliproxyexecutor "github.com/router-for-me/CLIProxyAPI/v6/sdk/cliproxy/executor"
+	sdktranslator "github.com/router-for-me/CLIProxyAPI/v6/sdk/translator"
+	log "github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
+)
+
+const (
+	codeBuddyChatPath = "/v2/chat/completions"
+	codeBuddyAuthType = "codebuddy"
+)
+
+// CodeBuddyExecutor handles requests to the CodeBuddy API.
+type CodeBuddyExecutor struct {
+	cfg *config.Config
+}
+
+// NewCodeBuddyExecutor creates a new CodeBuddy executor instance.
+func NewCodeBuddyExecutor(cfg *config.Config) *CodeBuddyExecutor {
+	return &CodeBuddyExecutor{cfg: cfg}
+}
+
+// Identifier returns the unique identifier for this executor.
+func (e *CodeBuddyExecutor) Identifier() string { return codeBuddyAuthType }
+
+// codeBuddyCredentials extracts the access token and domain from auth metadata.
+func codeBuddyCredentials(auth *cliproxyauth.Auth) (accessToken, userID, domain string) {
+	if auth == nil {
+		return "", "", ""
+	}
+	accessToken = metaStringValue(auth.Metadata, "access_token")
+	userID = metaStringValue(auth.Metadata, "user_id")
+	domain = metaStringValue(auth.Metadata, "domain")
+	if domain == "" {
+		domain = codebuddy.DefaultDomain
+	}
+	return
+}
+
+// PrepareRequest prepares the HTTP request before execution.
+func (e *CodeBuddyExecutor) PrepareRequest(req *http.Request, auth *cliproxyauth.Auth) error {
+	if req == nil {
+		return nil
+	}
+	accessToken, userID, domain := codeBuddyCredentials(auth)
+	if accessToken == "" {
+		return fmt.Errorf("codebuddy: missing access token")
+	}
+	e.applyHeaders(req, accessToken, userID, domain)
+	return nil
+}
+
+// HttpRequest executes a raw HTTP request.
+func (e *CodeBuddyExecutor) HttpRequest(ctx context.Context, auth *cliproxyauth.Auth, req *http.Request) (*http.Response, error) {
+	if req == nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("codebuddy executor: request is nil")
+	}
+	if ctx == nil {
+		ctx = req.Context()
+	}
+	httpReq := req.WithContext(ctx)
+	if err := e.PrepareRequest(httpReq, auth); err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	httpClient := newProxyAwareHTTPClient(ctx, e.cfg, auth, 0)
+	return httpClient.Do(httpReq)
+}
+
+// Execute performs a non-streaming request.
+func (e *CodeBuddyExecutor) Execute(ctx context.Context, auth *cliproxyauth.Auth, req cliproxyexecutor.Request, opts cliproxyexecutor.Options) (resp cliproxyexecutor.Response, err error) {
+	baseModel := thinking.ParseSuffix(req.Model).ModelName
+
+	reporter := newUsageReporter(ctx, e.Identifier(), baseModel, auth)
+	defer reporter.trackFailure(ctx, &err)
+
+	accessToken, userID, domain := codeBuddyCredentials(auth)
+	if accessToken == "" {
+		return resp, fmt.Errorf("codebuddy: missing access token")
+	}
+
+	from := opts.SourceFormat
+	to := sdktranslator.FromString("openai")
+
+	originalPayloadSource := req.Payload
+	if len(opts.OriginalRequest) > 0 {
+		originalPayloadSource = opts.OriginalRequest
+	}
+	originalTranslated := sdktranslator.TranslateRequest(from, to, baseModel, originalPayloadSource, false)
+	translated := sdktranslator.TranslateRequest(from, to, baseModel, req.Payload, false)
+	requestedModel := payloadRequestedModel(opts, req.Model)
+	translated = applyPayloadConfigWithRoot(e.cfg, baseModel, to.String(), "", translated, originalTranslated, requestedModel)
+
+	translated, err = thinking.ApplyThinking(translated, req.Model, from.String(), to.String(), e.Identifier())
+	if err != nil {
+		return resp, err
+	}
+
+	url := codebuddy.BaseURL + codeBuddyChatPath
+	httpReq, err := http.NewRequestWithContext(ctx, http.MethodPost, url, bytes.NewReader(translated))
+	if err != nil {
+		return resp, err
+	}
+	e.applyHeaders(httpReq, accessToken, userID, domain)
+
+	var authID, authLabel, authType, authValue string
+	if auth != nil {
+		authID = auth.ID
+		authLabel = auth.Label
+		authType, authValue = auth.AccountInfo()
+	}
+	recordAPIRequest(ctx, e.cfg, upstreamRequestLog{
+		URL:       url,
+		Method:    http.MethodPost,
+		Headers:   httpReq.Header.Clone(),
+		Body:      translated,
+		Provider:  e.Identifier(),
+		AuthID:    authID,
+		AuthLabel: authLabel,
+		AuthType:  authType,
+		AuthValue: authValue,
+	})
+
+	httpClient := newProxyAwareHTTPClient(ctx, e.cfg, auth, 0)
+	httpResp, err := httpClient.Do(httpReq)
+	if err != nil {
+		recordAPIResponseError(ctx, e.cfg, err)
+		return resp, err
+	}
+	defer func() {
+		if errClose := httpResp.Body.Close(); errClose != nil {
+			log.Errorf("codebuddy executor: close response body error: %v", errClose)
+		}
+	}()
+
+	recordAPIResponseMetadata(ctx, e.cfg, httpResp.StatusCode, httpResp.Header.Clone())
+	if !isHTTPSuccess(httpResp.StatusCode) {
+		b, _ := io.ReadAll(httpResp.Body)
+		appendAPIResponseChunk(ctx, e.cfg, b)
+		log.Debugf("codebuddy executor: upstream error status: %d, body: %s", httpResp.StatusCode, summarizeErrorBody(httpResp.Header.Get("Content-Type"), b))
+		err = statusErr{code: httpResp.StatusCode, msg: string(b)}
+		return resp, err
+	}
+
+	body, err := io.ReadAll(httpResp.Body)
+	if err != nil {
+		recordAPIResponseError(ctx, e.cfg, err)
+		return resp, err
+	}
+	appendAPIResponseChunk(ctx, e.cfg, body)
+	reporter.publish(ctx, parseOpenAIUsage(body))
+	reporter.ensurePublished(ctx)
+
+	var param any
+	out := sdktranslator.TranslateNonStream(ctx, to, from, req.Model, opts.OriginalRequest, translated, body, &param)
+	resp = cliproxyexecutor.Response{Payload: []byte(out), Headers: httpResp.Header.Clone()}
+	return resp, nil
+}
+
+// ExecuteStream performs a streaming request.
+func (e *CodeBuddyExecutor) ExecuteStream(ctx context.Context, auth *cliproxyauth.Auth, req cliproxyexecutor.Request, opts cliproxyexecutor.Options) (_ *cliproxyexecutor.StreamResult, err error) {
+	baseModel := thinking.ParseSuffix(req.Model).ModelName
+
+	reporter := newUsageReporter(ctx, e.Identifier(), baseModel, auth)
+	defer reporter.trackFailure(ctx, &err)
+
+	accessToken, userID, domain := codeBuddyCredentials(auth)
+	if accessToken == "" {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("codebuddy: missing access token")
+	}
+
+	from := opts.SourceFormat
+	to := sdktranslator.FromString("openai")
+
+	originalPayloadSource := req.Payload
+	if len(opts.OriginalRequest) > 0 {
+		originalPayloadSource = opts.OriginalRequest
+	}
+	originalTranslated := sdktranslator.TranslateRequest(from, to, baseModel, originalPayloadSource, true)
+	translated := sdktranslator.TranslateRequest(from, to, baseModel, req.Payload, true)
+	requestedModel := payloadRequestedModel(opts, req.Model)
+	translated = applyPayloadConfigWithRoot(e.cfg, baseModel, to.String(), "", translated, originalTranslated, requestedModel)
+
+	translated, err = thinking.ApplyThinking(translated, req.Model, from.String(), to.String(), e.Identifier())
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	url := codebuddy.BaseURL + codeBuddyChatPath
+	httpReq, err := http.NewRequestWithContext(ctx, http.MethodPost, url, bytes.NewReader(translated))
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	e.applyHeaders(httpReq, accessToken, userID, domain)
+	httpReq.Header.Set("Accept", "text/event-stream")
+	httpReq.Header.Set("Cache-Control", "no-cache")
+
+	var authID, authLabel, authType, authValue string
+	if auth != nil {
+		authID = auth.ID
+		authLabel = auth.Label
+		authType, authValue = auth.AccountInfo()
+	}
+	recordAPIRequest(ctx, e.cfg, upstreamRequestLog{
+		URL:       url,
+		Method:    http.MethodPost,
+		Headers:   httpReq.Header.Clone(),
+		Body:      translated,
+		Provider:  e.Identifier(),
+		AuthID:    authID,
+		AuthLabel: authLabel,
+		AuthType:  authType,
+		AuthValue: authValue,
+	})
+
+	httpClient := newProxyAwareHTTPClient(ctx, e.cfg, auth, 0)
+	httpResp, err := httpClient.Do(httpReq)
+	if err != nil {
+		recordAPIResponseError(ctx, e.cfg, err)
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	recordAPIResponseMetadata(ctx, e.cfg, httpResp.StatusCode, httpResp.Header.Clone())
+	if !isHTTPSuccess(httpResp.StatusCode) {
+		b, _ := io.ReadAll(httpResp.Body)
+		appendAPIResponseChunk(ctx, e.cfg, b)
+		httpResp.Body.Close()
+		log.Debugf("codebuddy executor: upstream error status: %d, body: %s", httpResp.StatusCode, summarizeErrorBody(httpResp.Header.Get("Content-Type"), b))
+		err = statusErr{code: httpResp.StatusCode, msg: string(b)}
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	out := make(chan cliproxyexecutor.StreamChunk)
+	go func() {
+		defer close(out)
+		defer func() {
+			if errClose := httpResp.Body.Close(); errClose != nil {
+				log.Errorf("codebuddy executor: close stream body error: %v", errClose)
+			}
+		}()
+
+		scanner := bufio.NewScanner(httpResp.Body)
+		scanner.Buffer(nil, maxScannerBufferSize)
+		var param any
+		for scanner.Scan() {
+			line := scanner.Bytes()
+			appendAPIResponseChunk(ctx, e.cfg, line)
+			if detail, ok := parseOpenAIStreamUsage(line); ok {
+				reporter.publish(ctx, detail)
+			}
+			if len(line) == 0 {
+				continue
+			}
+			if !bytes.HasPrefix(line, []byte("data:")) {
+				continue
+			}
+			chunks := sdktranslator.TranslateStream(ctx, to, from, req.Model, opts.OriginalRequest, translated, bytes.Clone(line), &param)
+			for i := range chunks {
+				out <- cliproxyexecutor.StreamChunk{Payload: []byte(chunks[i])}
+			}
+		}
+		if errScan := scanner.Err(); errScan != nil {
+			recordAPIResponseError(ctx, e.cfg, errScan)
+			reporter.publishFailure(ctx)
+			out <- cliproxyexecutor.StreamChunk{Err: errScan}
+		}
+		reporter.ensurePublished(ctx)
+	}()
+
+	return &cliproxyexecutor.StreamResult{
+		Headers: httpResp.Header.Clone(),
+		Chunks:  out,
+	}, nil
+}
+
+// Refresh exchanges the CodeBuddy refresh token for a new access token.
+func (e *CodeBuddyExecutor) Refresh(ctx context.Context, auth *cliproxyauth.Auth) (*cliproxyauth.Auth, error) {
+	if auth == nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("codebuddy: missing auth")
+	}
+
+	refreshToken := metaStringValue(auth.Metadata, "refresh_token")
+	if refreshToken == "" {
+		log.Debugf("codebuddy executor: no refresh token available, skipping refresh")
+		return auth, nil
+	}
+
+	accessToken, userID, domain := codeBuddyCredentials(auth)
+
+	authSvc := codebuddy.NewCodeBuddyAuth(e.cfg)
+	storage, err := authSvc.RefreshToken(ctx, accessToken, refreshToken, userID, domain)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("codebuddy: token refresh failed: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	updated := auth.Clone()
+	updated.Metadata["access_token"] = storage.AccessToken
+	if storage.RefreshToken != "" {
+		updated.Metadata["refresh_token"] = storage.RefreshToken
+	}
+	updated.Metadata["expires_in"] = storage.ExpiresIn
+	updated.Metadata["domain"] = storage.Domain
+	if storage.UserID != "" {
+		updated.Metadata["user_id"] = storage.UserID
+	}
+	now := time.Now()
+	updated.UpdatedAt = now
+	updated.LastRefreshedAt = now
+
+	return updated, nil
+}
+
+// CountTokens is not supported for CodeBuddy.
+func (e *CodeBuddyExecutor) CountTokens(_ context.Context, _ *cliproxyauth.Auth, _ cliproxyexecutor.Request, _ cliproxyexecutor.Options) (cliproxyexecutor.Response, error) {
+	return cliproxyexecutor.Response{}, fmt.Errorf("codebuddy: count tokens not supported")
+}
+
+// applyHeaders sets required headers for CodeBuddy API requests.
+func (e *CodeBuddyExecutor) applyHeaders(req *http.Request, accessToken, userID, domain string) {
+	req.Header.Set("Authorization", "Bearer "+accessToken)
+	req.Header.Set("Content-Type", "application/json")
+	req.Header.Set("Accept", "application/json")
+	req.Header.Set("User-Agent", codebuddy.UserAgent)
+	req.Header.Set("X-User-Id", userID)
+	req.Header.Set("X-Domain", domain)
+	req.Header.Set("X-Product", "SaaS")
+	req.Header.Set("X-IDE-Type", "CLI")
+	req.Header.Set("X-IDE-Name", "CLI")
+	req.Header.Set("X-IDE-Version", "2.63.2")
+	req.Header.Set("X-Requested-With", "XMLHttpRequest")
+}

internal/runtime/executor/compat_helpers.go

@@ -0,0 +1,129 @@
+package executor
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"net/http"
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/router-for-me/CLIProxyAPI/v6/internal/config"
+	"github.com/router-for-me/CLIProxyAPI/v6/internal/runtime/executor/helps"
+	cliproxyauth "github.com/router-for-me/CLIProxyAPI/v6/sdk/cliproxy/auth"
+	cliproxyexecutor "github.com/router-for-me/CLIProxyAPI/v6/sdk/cliproxy/executor"
+	"github.com/router-for-me/CLIProxyAPI/v6/sdk/cliproxy/usage"
+	"github.com/tidwall/gjson"
+	"github.com/tiktoken-go/tokenizer"
+)
+
+func newProxyAwareHTTPClient(ctx context.Context, cfg *config.Config, auth *cliproxyauth.Auth, timeout time.Duration) *http.Client {
+	return helps.NewProxyAwareHTTPClient(ctx, cfg, auth, timeout)
+}
+
+func parseOpenAIUsage(data []byte) usage.Detail {
+	return helps.ParseOpenAIUsage(data)
+}
+
+func parseOpenAIStreamUsage(line []byte) (usage.Detail, bool) {
+	return helps.ParseOpenAIStreamUsage(line)
+}
+
+func parseOpenAIResponsesUsage(data []byte) usage.Detail {
+	return helps.ParseOpenAIUsage(data)
+}
+
+func parseOpenAIResponsesStreamUsage(line []byte) (usage.Detail, bool) {
+	return helps.ParseOpenAIStreamUsage(line)
+}
+
+func getTokenizer(model string) (tokenizer.Codec, error) {
+	return helps.TokenizerForModel(model)
+}
+
+func countOpenAIChatTokens(enc tokenizer.Codec, payload []byte) (int64, error) {
+	return helps.CountOpenAIChatTokens(enc, payload)
+}
+
+func countClaudeChatTokens(enc tokenizer.Codec, payload []byte) (int64, error) {
+	return helps.CountClaudeChatTokens(enc, payload)
+}
+
+func buildOpenAIUsageJSON(count int64) []byte {
+	return helps.BuildOpenAIUsageJSON(count)
+}
+
+type upstreamRequestLog = helps.UpstreamRequestLog
+
+func recordAPIRequest(ctx context.Context, cfg *config.Config, info upstreamRequestLog) {
+	helps.RecordAPIRequest(ctx, cfg, info)
+}
+
+func recordAPIResponseMetadata(ctx context.Context, cfg *config.Config, status int, headers http.Header) {
+	helps.RecordAPIResponseMetadata(ctx, cfg, status, headers)
+}
+
+func recordAPIResponseError(ctx context.Context, cfg *config.Config, err error) {
+	helps.RecordAPIResponseError(ctx, cfg, err)
+}
+
+func appendAPIResponseChunk(ctx context.Context, cfg *config.Config, chunk []byte) {
+	helps.AppendAPIResponseChunk(ctx, cfg, chunk)
+}
+
+func payloadRequestedModel(opts cliproxyexecutor.Options, fallback string) string {
+	return helps.PayloadRequestedModel(opts, fallback)
+}
+
+func applyPayloadConfigWithRoot(cfg *config.Config, model, protocol, root string, payload, original []byte, requestedModel string) []byte {
+	return helps.ApplyPayloadConfigWithRoot(cfg, model, protocol, root, payload, original, requestedModel)
+}
+
+func summarizeErrorBody(contentType string, body []byte) string {
+	return helps.SummarizeErrorBody(contentType, body)
+}
+
+func apiKeyFromContext(ctx context.Context) string {
+	return helps.APIKeyFromContext(ctx)
+}
+
+func tokenizerForModel(model string) (tokenizer.Codec, error) {
+	return helps.TokenizerForModel(model)
+}
+
+func collectOpenAIContent(content gjson.Result, segments *[]string) {
+	helps.CollectOpenAIContent(content, segments)
+}
+
+type usageReporter struct {
+	reporter *helps.UsageReporter
+}
+
+func newUsageReporter(ctx context.Context, provider, model string, auth *cliproxyauth.Auth) *usageReporter {
+	return &usageReporter{reporter: helps.NewUsageReporter(ctx, provider, model, auth)}
+}
+
+func (r *usageReporter) publish(ctx context.Context, detail usage.Detail) {
+	if r == nil || r.reporter == nil {
+		return
+	}
+	r.reporter.Publish(ctx, detail)
+}
+
+func (r *usageReporter) publishFailure(ctx context.Context) {
+	if r == nil || r.reporter == nil {
+		return
+	}
+	r.reporter.PublishFailure(ctx)
+}
+
+func (r *usageReporter) trackFailure(ctx context.Context, errPtr *error) {
+	if r == nil || r.reporter == nil {
+		return
+	}
+	r.reporter.TrackFailure(ctx, errPtr)
+}
+
+func (r *usageReporter) ensurePublished(ctx context.Context) {
+	if r == nil || r.reporter == nil {
+		return
+	}
+	r.reporter.EnsurePublished(ctx)
+}

internal/runtime/executor/github_copilot_executor_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,817 @@
+package executor
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"net/http"
+	"strings"
+	"testing"
+
+	copilotauth "github.com/router-for-me/CLIProxyAPI/v6/internal/auth/copilot"
+	"github.com/router-for-me/CLIProxyAPI/v6/internal/registry"
+	cliproxyexecutor "github.com/router-for-me/CLIProxyAPI/v6/sdk/cliproxy/executor"
+	sdktranslator "github.com/router-for-me/CLIProxyAPI/v6/sdk/translator"
+	"github.com/tidwall/gjson"
+)
+
+func TestGitHubCopilotNormalizeModel_StripsSuffix(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	tests := []struct {
+		name      string
+		model     string
+		wantModel string
+	}{
+		{
+			name:      "suffix stripped",
+			model:     "claude-opus-4.6(medium)",
+			wantModel: "claude-opus-4.6",
+		},
+		{
+			name:      "no suffix unchanged",
+			model:     "claude-opus-4.6",
+			wantModel: "claude-opus-4.6",
+		},
+		{
+			name:      "different suffix stripped",
+			model:     "gpt-4o(high)",
+			wantModel: "gpt-4o",
+		},
+		{
+			name:      "numeric suffix stripped",
+			model:     "gemini-2.5-pro(8192)",
+			wantModel: "gemini-2.5-pro",
+		},
+	}
+
+	e := &GitHubCopilotExecutor{}
+
+	for _, tt := range tests {
+		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			t.Parallel()
+
+			body := []byte(`{"model":"` + tt.model + `","messages":[]}`)
+			got := e.normalizeModel(tt.model, body)
+
+			gotModel := gjson.GetBytes(got, "model").String()
+			if gotModel != tt.wantModel {
+				t.Fatalf("normalizeModel() model = %q, want %q", gotModel, tt.wantModel)
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+func TestUseGitHubCopilotResponsesEndpoint_OpenAIResponseSource(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+	if !useGitHubCopilotResponsesEndpoint(sdktranslator.FromString("openai-response"), "claude-3-5-sonnet") {
+		t.Fatal("expected openai-response source to use /responses")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestUseGitHubCopilotResponsesEndpoint_CodexModel(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+	if !useGitHubCopilotResponsesEndpoint(sdktranslator.FromString("openai"), "gpt-5-codex") {
+		t.Fatal("expected codex model to use /responses")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestUseGitHubCopilotResponsesEndpoint_RegistryResponsesOnlyModel(t *testing.T) {
+	// Not parallel: shares global model registry with DynamicRegistryWinsOverStatic.
+	if !useGitHubCopilotResponsesEndpoint(sdktranslator.FromString("openai"), "gpt-5.4") {
+		t.Fatal("expected responses-only registry model to use /responses")
+	}
+	if !useGitHubCopilotResponsesEndpoint(sdktranslator.FromString("openai"), "gpt-5.4-mini") {
+		t.Fatal("expected responses-only registry model to use /responses")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestUseGitHubCopilotResponsesEndpoint_DynamicRegistryWinsOverStatic(t *testing.T) {
+	// Not parallel: mutates global model registry, conflicts with RegistryResponsesOnlyModel.
+
+	reg := registry.GetGlobalRegistry()
+	clientID := "github-copilot-test-client"
+	reg.RegisterClient(clientID, "github-copilot", []*registry.ModelInfo{
+		{
+			ID:                 "gpt-5.4",
+			SupportedEndpoints: []string{"/chat/completions", "/responses"},
+		},
+		{
+			ID:                 "gpt-5.4-mini",
+			SupportedEndpoints: []string{"/chat/completions", "/responses"},
+		},
+	})
+	defer reg.UnregisterClient(clientID)
+
+	if useGitHubCopilotResponsesEndpoint(sdktranslator.FromString("openai"), "gpt-5.4") {
+		t.Fatal("expected dynamic registry definition to take precedence over static fallback")
+	}
+
+	if useGitHubCopilotResponsesEndpoint(sdktranslator.FromString("openai"), "gpt-5.4-mini") {
+		t.Fatal("expected dynamic registry definition to take precedence over static fallback")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestUseGitHubCopilotResponsesEndpoint_DefaultChat(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+	if useGitHubCopilotResponsesEndpoint(sdktranslator.FromString("openai"), "claude-3-5-sonnet") {
+		t.Fatal("expected default openai source with non-codex model to use /chat/completions")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestNormalizeGitHubCopilotChatTools_KeepFunctionOnly(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+	body := []byte(`{"tools":[{"type":"function","function":{"name":"ok"}},{"type":"code_interpreter"}],"tool_choice":"auto"}`)
+	got := normalizeGitHubCopilotChatTools(body)
+	tools := gjson.GetBytes(got, "tools").Array()
+	if len(tools) != 1 {
+		t.Fatalf("tools len = %d, want 1", len(tools))
+	}
+	if tools[0].Get("type").String() != "function" {
+		t.Fatalf("tool type = %q, want function", tools[0].Get("type").String())
+	}
+}
+
+func TestNormalizeGitHubCopilotChatTools_InvalidToolChoiceDowngradeToAuto(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+	body := []byte(`{"tools":[],"tool_choice":{"type":"function","function":{"name":"x"}}}`)
+	got := normalizeGitHubCopilotChatTools(body)
+	if gjson.GetBytes(got, "tool_choice").String() != "auto" {
+		t.Fatalf("tool_choice = %s, want auto", gjson.GetBytes(got, "tool_choice").Raw)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestNormalizeGitHubCopilotResponsesInput_MissingInputExtractedFromSystemAndMessages(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+	body := []byte(`{"system":"sys text","messages":[{"role":"user","content":"user text"},{"role":"assistant","content":[{"type":"text","text":"assistant text"}]}]}`)
+	got := normalizeGitHubCopilotResponsesInput(body)
+	in := gjson.GetBytes(got, "input")
+	if !in.IsArray() {
+		t.Fatalf("input type = %v, want array", in.Type)
+	}
+	raw := in.Raw
+	if !strings.Contains(raw, "sys text") || !strings.Contains(raw, "user text") || !strings.Contains(raw, "assistant text") {
+		t.Fatalf("input = %s, want structured array with all texts", raw)
+	}
+	if gjson.GetBytes(got, "messages").Exists() {
+		t.Fatal("messages should be removed after conversion")
+	}
+	if gjson.GetBytes(got, "system").Exists() {
+		t.Fatal("system should be removed after conversion")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestNormalizeGitHubCopilotResponsesInput_NonStringInputStringified(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+	body := []byte(`{"input":{"foo":"bar"}}`)
+	got := normalizeGitHubCopilotResponsesInput(body)
+	in := gjson.GetBytes(got, "input")
+	if in.Type != gjson.String {
+		t.Fatalf("input type = %v, want string", in.Type)
+	}
+	if !strings.Contains(in.String(), "foo") {
+		t.Fatalf("input = %q, want stringified object", in.String())
+	}
+}
+
+func TestNormalizeGitHubCopilotResponsesInput_StripsServiceTier(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+	body := []byte(`{"input":"user text","service_tier":"default"}`)
+	got := normalizeGitHubCopilotResponsesInput(body)
+
+	if gjson.GetBytes(got, "service_tier").Exists() {
+		t.Fatalf("service_tier should be removed, got %s", gjson.GetBytes(got, "service_tier").Raw)
+	}
+	if gjson.GetBytes(got, "input").String() != "user text" {
+		t.Fatalf("input = %q, want %q", gjson.GetBytes(got, "input").String(), "user text")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestNormalizeGitHubCopilotResponsesTools_FlattenFunctionTools(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+	body := []byte(`{"tools":[{"type":"function","function":{"name":"sum","description":"d","parameters":{"type":"object"}}},{"type":"web_search"}]}`)
+	got := normalizeGitHubCopilotResponsesTools(body)
+	tools := gjson.GetBytes(got, "tools").Array()
+	if len(tools) != 1 {
+		t.Fatalf("tools len = %d, want 1", len(tools))
+	}
+	if tools[0].Get("name").String() != "sum" {
+		t.Fatalf("tools[0].name = %q, want sum", tools[0].Get("name").String())
+	}
+	if !tools[0].Get("parameters").Exists() {
+		t.Fatal("expected parameters to be preserved")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestNormalizeGitHubCopilotResponsesTools_ClaudeFormatTools(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+	body := []byte(`{"tools":[{"name":"Bash","description":"Run commands","input_schema":{"type":"object","properties":{"command":{"type":"string"}},"required":["command"]}},{"name":"Read","description":"Read files","input_schema":{"type":"object","properties":{"path":{"type":"string"}}}}]}`)
+	got := normalizeGitHubCopilotResponsesTools(body)
+	tools := gjson.GetBytes(got, "tools").Array()
+	if len(tools) != 2 {
+		t.Fatalf("tools len = %d, want 2", len(tools))
+	}
+	if tools[0].Get("type").String() != "function" {
+		t.Fatalf("tools[0].type = %q, want function", tools[0].Get("type").String())
+	}
+	if tools[0].Get("name").String() != "Bash" {
+		t.Fatalf("tools[0].name = %q, want Bash", tools[0].Get("name").String())
+	}
+	if tools[0].Get("description").String() != "Run commands" {
+		t.Fatalf("tools[0].description = %q, want 'Run commands'", tools[0].Get("description").String())
+	}
+	if !tools[0].Get("parameters").Exists() {
+		t.Fatal("expected parameters to be set from input_schema")
+	}
+	if tools[0].Get("parameters.properties.command").Exists() != true {
+		t.Fatal("expected parameters.properties.command to exist")
+	}
+	if tools[1].Get("name").String() != "Read" {
+		t.Fatalf("tools[1].name = %q, want Read", tools[1].Get("name").String())
+	}
+}
+
+func TestNormalizeGitHubCopilotResponsesTools_FlattenToolChoiceFunctionObject(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+	body := []byte(`{"tool_choice":{"type":"function","function":{"name":"sum"}}}`)
+	got := normalizeGitHubCopilotResponsesTools(body)
+	if gjson.GetBytes(got, "tool_choice.type").String() != "function" {
+		t.Fatalf("tool_choice.type = %q, want function", gjson.GetBytes(got, "tool_choice.type").String())
+	}
+	if gjson.GetBytes(got, "tool_choice.name").String() != "sum" {
+		t.Fatalf("tool_choice.name = %q, want sum", gjson.GetBytes(got, "tool_choice.name").String())
+	}
+}
+
+func TestNormalizeGitHubCopilotResponsesTools_InvalidToolChoiceDowngradeToAuto(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+	body := []byte(`{"tool_choice":{"type":"function"}}`)
+	got := normalizeGitHubCopilotResponsesTools(body)
+	if gjson.GetBytes(got, "tool_choice").String() != "auto" {
+		t.Fatalf("tool_choice = %s, want auto", gjson.GetBytes(got, "tool_choice").Raw)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestTranslateGitHubCopilotResponsesNonStreamToClaude_TextMapping(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+	resp := []byte(`{"id":"resp_1","model":"gpt-5-codex","output":[{"type":"message","content":[{"type":"output_text","text":"hello"}]}],"usage":{"input_tokens":3,"output_tokens":5}}`)
+	out := translateGitHubCopilotResponsesNonStreamToClaude(resp)
+	if gjson.GetBytes(out, "type").String() != "message" {
+		t.Fatalf("type = %q, want message", gjson.GetBytes(out, "type").String())
+	}
+	if gjson.GetBytes(out, "content.0.type").String() != "text" {
+		t.Fatalf("content.0.type = %q, want text", gjson.GetBytes(out, "content.0.type").String())
+	}
+	if gjson.GetBytes(out, "content.0.text").String() != "hello" {
+		t.Fatalf("content.0.text = %q, want hello", gjson.GetBytes(out, "content.0.text").String())
+	}
+}
+
+func TestTranslateGitHubCopilotResponsesNonStreamToClaude_ToolUseMapping(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+	resp := []byte(`{"id":"resp_2","model":"gpt-5-codex","output":[{"type":"function_call","id":"fc_1","call_id":"call_1","name":"sum","arguments":"{\"a\":1}"}],"usage":{"input_tokens":1,"output_tokens":2}}`)
+	out := translateGitHubCopilotResponsesNonStreamToClaude(resp)
+	if gjson.GetBytes(out, "content.0.type").String() != "tool_use" {
+		t.Fatalf("content.0.type = %q, want tool_use", gjson.GetBytes(out, "content.0.type").String())
+	}
+	if gjson.GetBytes(out, "content.0.name").String() != "sum" {
+		t.Fatalf("content.0.name = %q, want sum", gjson.GetBytes(out, "content.0.name").String())
+	}
+	if gjson.GetBytes(out, "stop_reason").String() != "tool_use" {
+		t.Fatalf("stop_reason = %q, want tool_use", gjson.GetBytes(out, "stop_reason").String())
+	}
+}
+
+func TestTranslateGitHubCopilotResponsesStreamToClaude_TextLifecycle(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+	var param any
+
+	created := translateGitHubCopilotResponsesStreamToClaude([]byte(`data: {"type":"response.created","response":{"id":"resp_1","model":"gpt-5-codex"}}`), &param)
+	if len(created) == 0 || !strings.Contains(string(created[0]), "message_start") {
+		t.Fatalf("created events = %#v, want message_start", created)
+	}
+
+	delta := translateGitHubCopilotResponsesStreamToClaude([]byte(`data: {"type":"response.output_text.delta","delta":"he"}`), &param)
+	var joinedDelta string
+	for _, d := range delta {
+		joinedDelta += string(d)
+	}
+	if !strings.Contains(joinedDelta, "content_block_start") || !strings.Contains(joinedDelta, "text_delta") {
+		t.Fatalf("delta events = %#v, want content_block_start + text_delta", delta)
+	}
+
+	completed := translateGitHubCopilotResponsesStreamToClaude([]byte(`data: {"type":"response.completed","response":{"usage":{"input_tokens":7,"output_tokens":9}}}`), &param)
+	var joinedCompleted string
+	for _, c := range completed {
+		joinedCompleted += string(c)
+	}
+	if !strings.Contains(joinedCompleted, "message_delta") || !strings.Contains(joinedCompleted, "message_stop") {
+		t.Fatalf("completed events = %#v, want message_delta + message_stop", completed)
+	}
+}
+
+// --- Tests for X-Initiator detection logic (Problem L) ---
+
+func TestApplyHeaders_XInitiator_UserOnly(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+	e := &GitHubCopilotExecutor{}
+	req, _ := http.NewRequest(http.MethodPost, "https://example.com", nil)
+	body := []byte(`{"messages":[{"role":"system","content":"sys"},{"role":"user","content":"hello"}]}`)
+	e.applyHeaders(req, "token", body)
+	if got := req.Header.Get("X-Initiator"); got != "user" {
+		t.Fatalf("X-Initiator = %q, want user", got)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestApplyHeaders_XInitiator_AgentWhenLastUserButHistoryHasAssistant(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+	e := &GitHubCopilotExecutor{}
+	req, _ := http.NewRequest(http.MethodPost, "https://example.com", nil)
+	// When the last role is "user" and the message contains tool_result content,
+	// the request is a continuation (e.g. Claude tool result translated to a
+	// synthetic user message). Should be "agent".
+	body := []byte(`{"messages":[{"role":"user","content":"hello"},{"role":"assistant","content":"I will read the file"},{"role":"user","content":[{"type":"tool_result","tool_use_id":"tu1","content":"file contents..."}]}]}`)
+	e.applyHeaders(req, "token", body)
+	if got := req.Header.Get("X-Initiator"); got != "agent" {
+		t.Fatalf("X-Initiator = %q, want agent (last user contains tool_result)", got)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestApplyHeaders_XInitiator_AgentWithToolRole(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+	e := &GitHubCopilotExecutor{}
+	req, _ := http.NewRequest(http.MethodPost, "https://example.com", nil)
+	// When the last message has role "tool", it's clearly agent-initiated.
+	body := []byte(`{"messages":[{"role":"user","content":"hello"},{"role":"tool","content":"result"}]}`)
+	e.applyHeaders(req, "token", body)
+	if got := req.Header.Get("X-Initiator"); got != "agent" {
+		t.Fatalf("X-Initiator = %q, want agent (last role is tool)", got)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestApplyHeaders_XInitiator_InputArrayLastAssistantMessage(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+	e := &GitHubCopilotExecutor{}
+	req, _ := http.NewRequest(http.MethodPost, "https://example.com", nil)
+	body := []byte(`{"input":[{"type":"message","role":"user","content":[{"type":"input_text","text":"Hi"}]},{"type":"message","role":"assistant","content":[{"type":"output_text","text":"Hello"}]}]}`)
+	e.applyHeaders(req, "token", body)
+	if got := req.Header.Get("X-Initiator"); got != "agent" {
+		t.Fatalf("X-Initiator = %q, want agent (last role is assistant)", got)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestApplyHeaders_XInitiator_InputArrayAgentWhenLastUserButHistoryHasAssistant(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+	e := &GitHubCopilotExecutor{}
+	req, _ := http.NewRequest(http.MethodPost, "https://example.com", nil)
+	// Responses API: last item is user-role but history contains assistant → agent.
+	body := []byte(`{"input":[{"type":"message","role":"assistant","content":[{"type":"output_text","text":"I can help"}]},{"type":"message","role":"user","content":[{"type":"input_text","text":"Do X"}]}]}`)
+	e.applyHeaders(req, "token", body)
+	if got := req.Header.Get("X-Initiator"); got != "agent" {
+		t.Fatalf("X-Initiator = %q, want agent (history has assistant)", got)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestApplyHeaders_XInitiator_InputArrayLastFunctionCallOutput(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+	e := &GitHubCopilotExecutor{}
+	req, _ := http.NewRequest(http.MethodPost, "https://example.com", nil)
+	body := []byte(`{"input":[{"type":"message","role":"user","content":[{"type":"input_text","text":"Use tool"}]},{"type":"function_call","call_id":"c1","name":"Read","arguments":"{}"},{"type":"function_call_output","call_id":"c1","output":"ok"}]}`)
+	e.applyHeaders(req, "token", body)
+	if got := req.Header.Get("X-Initiator"); got != "agent" {
+		t.Fatalf("X-Initiator = %q, want agent (last item maps to tool role)", got)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestApplyHeaders_XInitiator_UserInMultiTurnNoTools(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+	e := &GitHubCopilotExecutor{}
+	req, _ := http.NewRequest(http.MethodPost, "https://example.com", nil)
+	// Genuine multi-turn: user → assistant (plain text) → user follow-up.
+	// No tool messages → should be "user" (not a false-positive).
+	body := []byte(`{"messages":[{"role":"user","content":"hello"},{"role":"assistant","content":"Hi there!"},{"role":"user","content":"what is 2+2?"}]}`)
+	e.applyHeaders(req, "token", body)
+	if got := req.Header.Get("X-Initiator"); got != "user" {
+		t.Fatalf("X-Initiator = %q, want user (genuine multi-turn, no tools)", got)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestApplyHeaders_XInitiator_UserFollowUpAfterToolHistory(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+	e := &GitHubCopilotExecutor{}
+	req, _ := http.NewRequest(http.MethodPost, "https://example.com", nil)
+	// User follow-up after a completed tool-use conversation.
+	// The last message is a genuine user question — should be "user", not "agent".
+	// This aligns with opencode's behavior: only active tool loops are agent-initiated.
+	body := []byte(`{"messages":[{"role":"user","content":"hello"},{"role":"assistant","content":[{"type":"tool_use","id":"tu1","name":"Read","input":{}}]},{"role":"tool","tool_call_id":"tu1","content":"file data"},{"role":"assistant","content":"I read the file."},{"role":"user","content":"What did we do so far?"}]}`)
+	e.applyHeaders(req, "token", body)
+	if got := req.Header.Get("X-Initiator"); got != "user" {
+		t.Fatalf("X-Initiator = %q, want user (genuine follow-up after tool history)", got)
+	}
+}
+
+// --- Tests for x-github-api-version header (Problem M) ---
+
+func TestApplyHeaders_GitHubAPIVersion(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+	e := &GitHubCopilotExecutor{}
+	req, _ := http.NewRequest(http.MethodPost, "https://example.com", nil)
+	e.applyHeaders(req, "token", nil)
+	if got := req.Header.Get("X-Github-Api-Version"); got != "2025-04-01" {
+		t.Fatalf("X-Github-Api-Version = %q, want 2025-04-01", got)
+	}
+}
+
+// --- Tests for vision detection (Problem P) ---
+
+func TestDetectVisionContent_WithImageURL(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+	body := []byte(`{"messages":[{"role":"user","content":[{"type":"text","text":"describe"},{"type":"image_url","image_url":{"url":"data:image/png;base64,abc"}}]}]}`)
+	if !detectVisionContent(body) {
+		t.Fatal("expected vision content to be detected")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestDetectVisionContent_WithImageType(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+	body := []byte(`{"messages":[{"role":"user","content":[{"type":"image","source":{"data":"abc","media_type":"image/png"}}]}]}`)
+	if !detectVisionContent(body) {
+		t.Fatal("expected image type to be detected")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestDetectVisionContent_NoVision(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+	body := []byte(`{"messages":[{"role":"user","content":[{"type":"text","text":"hello"}]}]}`)
+	if detectVisionContent(body) {
+		t.Fatal("expected no vision content")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestDetectVisionContent_NoMessages(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+	// After Responses API normalization, messages is removed — detection should return false
+	body := []byte(`{"input":[{"type":"message","role":"user","content":[{"type":"input_text","text":"hello"}]}]}`)
+	if detectVisionContent(body) {
+		t.Fatal("expected no vision content when messages field is absent")
+	}
+}
+
+// --- Tests for applyGitHubCopilotResponsesDefaults ---
+
+func TestApplyGitHubCopilotResponsesDefaults_SetsAllDefaults(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+	body := []byte(`{"input":"hello","reasoning":{"effort":"medium"}}`)
+	got := applyGitHubCopilotResponsesDefaults(body)
+
+	if gjson.GetBytes(got, "store").Bool() != false {
+		t.Fatalf("store = %v, want false", gjson.GetBytes(got, "store").Raw)
+	}
+	inc := gjson.GetBytes(got, "include")
+	if !inc.IsArray() || inc.Array()[0].String() != "reasoning.encrypted_content" {
+		t.Fatalf("include = %s, want [\"reasoning.encrypted_content\"]", inc.Raw)
+	}
+	if gjson.GetBytes(got, "reasoning.summary").String() != "auto" {
+		t.Fatalf("reasoning.summary = %q, want auto", gjson.GetBytes(got, "reasoning.summary").String())
+	}
+}
+
+func TestApplyGitHubCopilotResponsesDefaults_DoesNotOverrideExisting(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+	body := []byte(`{"input":"hello","store":true,"include":["other"],"reasoning":{"effort":"high","summary":"concise"}}`)
+	got := applyGitHubCopilotResponsesDefaults(body)
+
+	if gjson.GetBytes(got, "store").Bool() != true {
+		t.Fatalf("store should not be overridden, got %s", gjson.GetBytes(got, "store").Raw)
+	}
+	if gjson.GetBytes(got, "include").Array()[0].String() != "other" {
+		t.Fatalf("include should not be overridden, got %s", gjson.GetBytes(got, "include").Raw)
+	}
+	if gjson.GetBytes(got, "reasoning.summary").String() != "concise" {
+		t.Fatalf("reasoning.summary should not be overridden, got %q", gjson.GetBytes(got, "reasoning.summary").String())
+	}
+}
+
+func TestApplyGitHubCopilotResponsesDefaults_NoReasoningEffort(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+	body := []byte(`{"input":"hello"}`)
+	got := applyGitHubCopilotResponsesDefaults(body)
+
+	if gjson.GetBytes(got, "store").Bool() != false {
+		t.Fatalf("store = %v, want false", gjson.GetBytes(got, "store").Raw)
+	}
+	// reasoning.summary should NOT be set when reasoning.effort is absent
+	if gjson.GetBytes(got, "reasoning.summary").Exists() {
+		t.Fatalf("reasoning.summary should not be set when reasoning.effort is absent, got %q", gjson.GetBytes(got, "reasoning.summary").String())
+	}
+}
+
+// --- Tests for normalizeGitHubCopilotReasoningField ---
+
+func TestNormalizeReasoningField_NonStreaming(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+	data := []byte(`{"choices":[{"message":{"content":"hello","reasoning_text":"I think..."}}]}`)
+	got := normalizeGitHubCopilotReasoningField(data)
+	rc := gjson.GetBytes(got, "choices.0.message.reasoning_content").String()
+	if rc != "I think..." {
+		t.Fatalf("reasoning_content = %q, want %q", rc, "I think...")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestNormalizeReasoningField_Streaming(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+	data := []byte(`{"choices":[{"delta":{"reasoning_text":"thinking delta"}}]}`)
+	got := normalizeGitHubCopilotReasoningField(data)
+	rc := gjson.GetBytes(got, "choices.0.delta.reasoning_content").String()
+	if rc != "thinking delta" {
+		t.Fatalf("reasoning_content = %q, want %q", rc, "thinking delta")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestNormalizeReasoningField_PreservesExistingReasoningContent(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+	data := []byte(`{"choices":[{"message":{"reasoning_text":"old","reasoning_content":"existing"}}]}`)
+	got := normalizeGitHubCopilotReasoningField(data)
+	rc := gjson.GetBytes(got, "choices.0.message.reasoning_content").String()
+	if rc != "existing" {
+		t.Fatalf("reasoning_content = %q, want %q (should not overwrite)", rc, "existing")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestNormalizeReasoningField_MultiChoice(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+	data := []byte(`{"choices":[{"message":{"reasoning_text":"thought-0"}},{"message":{"reasoning_text":"thought-1"}}]}`)
+	got := normalizeGitHubCopilotReasoningField(data)
+	rc0 := gjson.GetBytes(got, "choices.0.message.reasoning_content").String()
+	rc1 := gjson.GetBytes(got, "choices.1.message.reasoning_content").String()
+	if rc0 != "thought-0" {
+		t.Fatalf("choices[0].reasoning_content = %q, want %q", rc0, "thought-0")
+	}
+	if rc1 != "thought-1" {
+		t.Fatalf("choices[1].reasoning_content = %q, want %q", rc1, "thought-1")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestNormalizeReasoningField_NoChoices(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+	data := []byte(`{"id":"chatcmpl-123"}`)
+	got := normalizeGitHubCopilotReasoningField(data)
+	if string(got) != string(data) {
+		t.Fatalf("expected no change, got %s", string(got))
+	}
+}
+
+func TestApplyHeaders_OpenAIIntentValue(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+	e := &GitHubCopilotExecutor{}
+	req, _ := http.NewRequest(http.MethodPost, "https://example.com", nil)
+	e.applyHeaders(req, "token", nil)
+	if got := req.Header.Get("Openai-Intent"); got != "conversation-edits" {
+		t.Fatalf("Openai-Intent = %q, want conversation-edits", got)
+	}
+}
+
+// --- Tests for CountTokens (local tiktoken estimation) ---
+
+func TestCountTokens_ReturnsPositiveCount(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+	e := &GitHubCopilotExecutor{}
+	body := []byte(`{"model":"gpt-4o","messages":[{"role":"user","content":"Hello, world!"}]}`)
+	resp, err := e.CountTokens(context.Background(), nil, cliproxyexecutor.Request{
+		Model:   "gpt-4o",
+		Payload: body,
+	}, cliproxyexecutor.Options{
+		SourceFormat: sdktranslator.FromString("openai"),
+	})
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("CountTokens() error: %v", err)
+	}
+	if len(resp.Payload) == 0 {
+		t.Fatal("CountTokens() returned empty payload")
+	}
+	// The response should contain a positive token count.
+	tokens := gjson.GetBytes(resp.Payload, "usage.prompt_tokens").Int()
+	if tokens <= 0 {
+		t.Fatalf("expected positive token count, got %d", tokens)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestCountTokens_ClaudeSourceFormatTranslates(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+	e := &GitHubCopilotExecutor{}
+	body := []byte(`{"model":"claude-sonnet-4","messages":[{"role":"user","content":"Tell me a joke"}],"max_tokens":1024}`)
+	resp, err := e.CountTokens(context.Background(), nil, cliproxyexecutor.Request{
+		Model:   "claude-sonnet-4",
+		Payload: body,
+	}, cliproxyexecutor.Options{
+		SourceFormat: sdktranslator.FromString("claude"),
+	})
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("CountTokens() error: %v", err)
+	}
+	// Claude source format → should get input_tokens in response
+	inputTokens := gjson.GetBytes(resp.Payload, "input_tokens").Int()
+	if inputTokens <= 0 {
+		// Fallback: check usage.prompt_tokens (depends on translator registration)
+		promptTokens := gjson.GetBytes(resp.Payload, "usage.prompt_tokens").Int()
+		if promptTokens <= 0 {
+			t.Fatalf("expected positive token count, got payload: %s", resp.Payload)
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+func TestCountTokens_EmptyPayload(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+	e := &GitHubCopilotExecutor{}
+	resp, err := e.CountTokens(context.Background(), nil, cliproxyexecutor.Request{
+		Model:   "gpt-4o",
+		Payload: []byte(`{"model":"gpt-4o","messages":[]}`),
+	}, cliproxyexecutor.Options{
+		SourceFormat: sdktranslator.FromString("openai"),
+	})
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("CountTokens() error: %v", err)
+	}
+	tokens := gjson.GetBytes(resp.Payload, "usage.prompt_tokens").Int()
+	// Empty messages should return 0 tokens.
+	if tokens != 0 {
+		t.Fatalf("expected 0 tokens for empty messages, got %d", tokens)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestStripUnsupportedBetas_RemovesContext1M(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	body := []byte(`{"model":"claude-opus-4.6","betas":["interleaved-thinking-2025-05-14","context-1m-2025-08-07","claude-code-20250219"],"messages":[]}`)
+	result := stripUnsupportedBetas(body)
+
+	betas := gjson.GetBytes(result, "betas")
+	if !betas.Exists() {
+		t.Fatal("betas field should still exist after stripping")
+	}
+	for _, item := range betas.Array() {
+		if item.String() == "context-1m-2025-08-07" {
+			t.Fatal("context-1m-2025-08-07 should have been stripped")
+		}
+	}
+	// Other betas should be preserved
+	found := false
+	for _, item := range betas.Array() {
+		if item.String() == "interleaved-thinking-2025-05-14" {
+			found = true
+		}
+	}
+	if !found {
+		t.Fatal("other betas should be preserved")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestStripUnsupportedBetas_NoBetasField(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	body := []byte(`{"model":"gpt-4o","messages":[]}`)
+	result := stripUnsupportedBetas(body)
+
+	// Should be unchanged
+	if string(result) != string(body) {
+		t.Fatalf("body should be unchanged when no betas field exists, got %s", string(result))
+	}
+}
+
+func TestStripUnsupportedBetas_MetadataBetas(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	body := []byte(`{"model":"claude-opus-4.6","metadata":{"betas":["context-1m-2025-08-07","other-beta"]},"messages":[]}`)
+	result := stripUnsupportedBetas(body)
+
+	betas := gjson.GetBytes(result, "metadata.betas")
+	if !betas.Exists() {
+		t.Fatal("metadata.betas field should still exist after stripping")
+	}
+	for _, item := range betas.Array() {
+		if item.String() == "context-1m-2025-08-07" {
+			t.Fatal("context-1m-2025-08-07 should have been stripped from metadata.betas")
+		}
+	}
+	if betas.Array()[0].String() != "other-beta" {
+		t.Fatal("other betas in metadata.betas should be preserved")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestStripUnsupportedBetas_AllBetasStripped(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	body := []byte(`{"model":"claude-opus-4.6","betas":["context-1m-2025-08-07"],"messages":[]}`)
+	result := stripUnsupportedBetas(body)
+
+	betas := gjson.GetBytes(result, "betas")
+	if betas.Exists() {
+		t.Fatal("betas field should be deleted when all betas are stripped")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestCopilotModelEntry_Limits(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	tests := []struct {
+		name         string
+		capabilities map[string]any
+		wantNil      bool
+		wantPrompt   int
+		wantOutput   int
+		wantContext  int
+	}{
+		{
+			name:         "nil capabilities",
+			capabilities: nil,
+			wantNil:      true,
+		},
+		{
+			name:         "no limits key",
+			capabilities: map[string]any{"family": "claude-opus-4.6"},
+			wantNil:      true,
+		},
+		{
+			name:         "limits is not a map",
+			capabilities: map[string]any{"limits": "invalid"},
+			wantNil:      true,
+		},
+		{
+			name: "all zero values",
+			capabilities: map[string]any{
+				"limits": map[string]any{
+					"max_context_window_tokens": float64(0),
+					"max_prompt_tokens":         float64(0),
+					"max_output_tokens":         float64(0),
+				},
+			},
+			wantNil: true,
+		},
+		{
+			name: "individual account limits (128K prompt)",
+			capabilities: map[string]any{
+				"limits": map[string]any{
+					"max_context_window_tokens": float64(144000),
+					"max_prompt_tokens":         float64(128000),
+					"max_output_tokens":         float64(64000),
+				},
+			},
+			wantNil:     false,
+			wantPrompt:  128000,
+			wantOutput:  64000,
+			wantContext: 144000,
+		},
+		{
+			name: "business account limits (168K prompt)",
+			capabilities: map[string]any{
+				"limits": map[string]any{
+					"max_context_window_tokens": float64(200000),
+					"max_prompt_tokens":         float64(168000),
+					"max_output_tokens":         float64(32000),
+				},
+			},
+			wantNil:     false,
+			wantPrompt:  168000,
+			wantOutput:  32000,
+			wantContext: 200000,
+		},
+		{
+			name: "partial limits (only prompt)",
+			capabilities: map[string]any{
+				"limits": map[string]any{
+					"max_prompt_tokens": float64(128000),
+				},
+			},
+			wantNil:    false,
+			wantPrompt: 128000,
+			wantOutput: 0,
+		},
+	}
+
+	for _, tt := range tests {
+		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			t.Parallel()
+			entry := copilotauth.CopilotModelEntry{
+				ID:           "claude-opus-4.6",
+				Capabilities: tt.capabilities,
+			}
+			limits := entry.Limits()
+			if tt.wantNil {
+				if limits != nil {
+					t.Fatalf("expected nil limits, got %+v", limits)
+				}
+				return
+			}
+			if limits == nil {
+				t.Fatal("expected non-nil limits, got nil")
+			}
+			if limits.MaxPromptTokens != tt.wantPrompt {
+				t.Errorf("MaxPromptTokens = %d, want %d", limits.MaxPromptTokens, tt.wantPrompt)
+			}
+			if limits.MaxOutputTokens != tt.wantOutput {
+				t.Errorf("MaxOutputTokens = %d, want %d", limits.MaxOutputTokens, tt.wantOutput)
+			}
+			if tt.wantContext > 0 && limits.MaxContextWindowTokens != tt.wantContext {
+				t.Errorf("MaxContextWindowTokens = %d, want %d", limits.MaxContextWindowTokens, tt.wantContext)
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}

internal/runtime/executor/gitlab_executor_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,539 @@
+package executor
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"encoding/json"
+	"io"
+	"net/http"
+	"net/http/httptest"
+	"strings"
+	"testing"
+
+	"github.com/router-for-me/CLIProxyAPI/v6/internal/config"
+	_ "github.com/router-for-me/CLIProxyAPI/v6/internal/translator"
+	cliproxyauth "github.com/router-for-me/CLIProxyAPI/v6/sdk/cliproxy/auth"
+	cliproxyexecutor "github.com/router-for-me/CLIProxyAPI/v6/sdk/cliproxy/executor"
+	sdktranslator "github.com/router-for-me/CLIProxyAPI/v6/sdk/translator"
+	"github.com/tidwall/gjson"
+)
+
+func TestGitLabExecutorExecuteUsesChatEndpoint(t *testing.T) {
+	srv := httptest.NewServer(http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
+		if r.URL.Path != gitLabChatEndpoint {
+			t.Fatalf("unexpected path %q", r.URL.Path)
+		}
+		_, _ = w.Write([]byte(`"chat response"`))
+	}))
+	defer srv.Close()
+
+	exec := NewGitLabExecutor(&config.Config{})
+	auth := &cliproxyauth.Auth{
+		Provider: "gitlab",
+		Metadata: map[string]any{
+			"base_url":     srv.URL,
+			"access_token": "oauth-access",
+			"model_name":   "claude-sonnet-4-5",
+		},
+	}
+	req := cliproxyexecutor.Request{
+		Model:   "gitlab-duo",
+		Payload: []byte(`{"model":"gitlab-duo","messages":[{"role":"user","content":"hello"}]}`),
+	}
+
+	resp, err := exec.Execute(context.Background(), auth, req, cliproxyexecutor.Options{
+		SourceFormat: sdktranslator.FromString("openai"),
+	})
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("Execute() error = %v", err)
+	}
+	if got := gjson.GetBytes(resp.Payload, "choices.0.message.content").String(); got != "chat response" {
+		t.Fatalf("expected chat response, got %q", got)
+	}
+	if got := gjson.GetBytes(resp.Payload, "model").String(); got != "claude-sonnet-4-5" {
+		t.Fatalf("expected resolved model, got %q", got)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestGitLabExecutorExecuteFallsBackToCodeSuggestions(t *testing.T) {
+	chatCalls := 0
+	srv := httptest.NewServer(http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
+		switch r.URL.Path {
+		case gitLabChatEndpoint:
+			chatCalls++
+			http.Error(w, "feature unavailable", http.StatusForbidden)
+		case gitLabCodeSuggestionsEndpoint:
+			_ = json.NewEncoder(w).Encode(map[string]any{
+				"choices": []map[string]any{{
+					"text": "fallback response",
+				}},
+			})
+		default:
+			t.Fatalf("unexpected path %q", r.URL.Path)
+		}
+	}))
+	defer srv.Close()
+
+	exec := NewGitLabExecutor(&config.Config{})
+	auth := &cliproxyauth.Auth{
+		Provider: "gitlab",
+		Metadata: map[string]any{
+			"base_url":              srv.URL,
+			"personal_access_token": "glpat-token",
+			"auth_method":           "pat",
+		},
+	}
+	req := cliproxyexecutor.Request{
+		Model:   "gitlab-duo",
+		Payload: []byte(`{"model":"gitlab-duo","messages":[{"role":"user","content":"write code"}]}`),
+	}
+
+	resp, err := exec.Execute(context.Background(), auth, req, cliproxyexecutor.Options{
+		SourceFormat: sdktranslator.FromString("openai"),
+	})
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("Execute() error = %v", err)
+	}
+	if chatCalls != 1 {
+		t.Fatalf("expected chat endpoint to be tried once, got %d", chatCalls)
+	}
+	if got := gjson.GetBytes(resp.Payload, "choices.0.message.content").String(); got != "fallback response" {
+		t.Fatalf("expected fallback response, got %q", got)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestGitLabExecutorExecuteUsesAnthropicGateway(t *testing.T) {
+	var gotAuthHeader, gotRealmHeader string
+	var gotPath string
+	var gotModel string
+	srv := httptest.NewServer(http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
+		gotPath = r.URL.Path
+		gotAuthHeader = r.Header.Get("Authorization")
+		gotRealmHeader = r.Header.Get("X-Gitlab-Realm")
+		gotModel = gjson.GetBytes(readBody(t, r), "model").String()
+		w.Header().Set("Content-Type", "application/json")
+		_, _ = w.Write([]byte(`{"id":"msg_1","type":"message","role":"assistant","model":"claude-sonnet-4-5","content":[{"type":"tool_use","id":"toolu_1","name":"Bash","input":{"cmd":"ls"}}],"stop_reason":"tool_use","stop_sequence":null,"usage":{"input_tokens":11,"output_tokens":4}}`))
+	}))
+	defer srv.Close()
+
+	exec := NewGitLabExecutor(&config.Config{})
+	auth := &cliproxyauth.Auth{
+		Provider: "gitlab",
+		Metadata: map[string]any{
+			"duo_gateway_base_url": srv.URL,
+			"duo_gateway_token":    "gateway-token",
+			"duo_gateway_headers":  map[string]string{"X-Gitlab-Realm": "saas"},
+			"model_provider":       "anthropic",
+			"model_name":           "claude-sonnet-4-5",
+		},
+	}
+	req := cliproxyexecutor.Request{
+		Model: "gitlab-duo",
+		Payload: []byte(`{
+			"model":"gitlab-duo",
+			"messages":[{"role":"user","content":[{"type":"text","text":"list files"}]}],
+			"tools":[{"name":"Bash","description":"run bash","input_schema":{"type":"object","properties":{"cmd":{"type":"string"}},"required":["cmd"]}}],
+			"max_tokens":128
+		}`),
+	}
+
+	resp, err := exec.Execute(context.Background(), auth, req, cliproxyexecutor.Options{
+		SourceFormat: sdktranslator.FromString("claude"),
+	})
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("Execute() error = %v", err)
+	}
+	if gotPath != "/v1/proxy/anthropic/v1/messages" {
+		t.Fatalf("Path = %q, want %q", gotPath, "/v1/proxy/anthropic/v1/messages")
+	}
+	if gotAuthHeader != "Bearer gateway-token" {
+		t.Fatalf("Authorization = %q, want Bearer gateway-token", gotAuthHeader)
+	}
+	if gotRealmHeader != "saas" {
+		t.Fatalf("X-Gitlab-Realm = %q, want saas", gotRealmHeader)
+	}
+	if gotModel != "claude-sonnet-4-5" {
+		t.Fatalf("model = %q, want claude-sonnet-4-5", gotModel)
+	}
+	if got := gjson.GetBytes(resp.Payload, "content.0.type").String(); got != "tool_use" {
+		t.Fatalf("expected tool_use response, got %q", got)
+	}
+	if got := gjson.GetBytes(resp.Payload, "content.0.name").String(); got != "Bash" {
+		t.Fatalf("expected tool name Bash, got %q", got)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestGitLabExecutorExecuteUsesOpenAIGateway(t *testing.T) {
+	var gotAuthHeader, gotRealmHeader string
+	var gotPath string
+	var gotModel string
+	srv := httptest.NewServer(http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
+		gotPath = r.URL.Path
+		gotAuthHeader = r.Header.Get("Authorization")
+		gotRealmHeader = r.Header.Get("X-Gitlab-Realm")
+		gotModel = gjson.GetBytes(readBody(t, r), "model").String()
+		w.Header().Set("Content-Type", "text/event-stream")
+		_, _ = w.Write([]byte("data: {\"type\":\"response.created\",\"response\":{\"id\":\"resp_1\",\"created_at\":1710000000,\"model\":\"gpt-5-codex\"}}\n\n"))
+		_, _ = w.Write([]byte("data: {\"type\":\"response.output_text.delta\",\"delta\":\"hello from openai gateway\"}\n\n"))
+		_, _ = w.Write([]byte("data: {\"type\":\"response.completed\",\"response\":{\"id\":\"resp_1\",\"created_at\":1710000000,\"model\":\"gpt-5-codex\",\"output\":[{\"type\":\"message\",\"id\":\"msg_1\",\"role\":\"assistant\",\"content\":[{\"type\":\"output_text\",\"text\":\"hello from openai gateway\"}]}],\"usage\":{\"input_tokens\":11,\"output_tokens\":4,\"total_tokens\":15}}}\n\n"))
+	}))
+	defer srv.Close()
+
+	exec := NewGitLabExecutor(&config.Config{})
+	auth := &cliproxyauth.Auth{
+		Provider: "gitlab",
+		Metadata: map[string]any{
+			"duo_gateway_base_url": srv.URL,
+			"duo_gateway_token":    "gateway-token",
+			"duo_gateway_headers":  map[string]string{"X-Gitlab-Realm": "saas"},
+			"model_provider":       "openai",
+			"model_name":           "gpt-5-codex",
+		},
+	}
+	req := cliproxyexecutor.Request{
+		Model:   "gitlab-duo",
+		Payload: []byte(`{"model":"gitlab-duo","messages":[{"role":"user","content":"hello"}]}`),
+	}
+
+	resp, err := exec.Execute(context.Background(), auth, req, cliproxyexecutor.Options{
+		SourceFormat: sdktranslator.FromString("openai"),
+	})
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("Execute() error = %v", err)
+	}
+	if gotPath != "/v1/proxy/openai/v1/responses" {
+		t.Fatalf("Path = %q, want %q", gotPath, "/v1/proxy/openai/v1/responses")
+	}
+	if gotAuthHeader != "Bearer gateway-token" {
+		t.Fatalf("Authorization = %q, want Bearer gateway-token", gotAuthHeader)
+	}
+	if gotRealmHeader != "saas" {
+		t.Fatalf("X-Gitlab-Realm = %q, want saas", gotRealmHeader)
+	}
+	if gotModel != "gpt-5-codex" {
+		t.Fatalf("model = %q, want gpt-5-codex", gotModel)
+	}
+	if got := gjson.GetBytes(resp.Payload, "choices.0.message.content").String(); got != "hello from openai gateway" {
+		t.Fatalf("expected openai gateway response, got %q payload=%s", got, string(resp.Payload))
+	}
+}
+
+func TestGitLabExecutorExecuteUsesRequestedModelToSelectOpenAIGateway(t *testing.T) {
+	var gotAuthHeader, gotRealmHeader, gotBetaHeader, gotUserAgent string
+	var gotPath string
+	var gotModel string
+	srv := httptest.NewServer(http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
+		gotPath = r.URL.Path
+		gotAuthHeader = r.Header.Get("Authorization")
+		gotRealmHeader = r.Header.Get("X-Gitlab-Realm")
+		gotBetaHeader = r.Header.Get("anthropic-beta")
+		gotUserAgent = r.Header.Get("User-Agent")
+		gotModel = gjson.GetBytes(readBody(t, r), "model").String()
+		w.Header().Set("Content-Type", "text/event-stream")
+		_, _ = w.Write([]byte("data: {\"type\":\"response.created\",\"response\":{\"id\":\"resp_1\",\"created_at\":1710000000,\"model\":\"duo-chat-gpt-5-codex\"}}\n\n"))
+		_, _ = w.Write([]byte("data: {\"type\":\"response.output_text.delta\",\"delta\":\"hello from explicit openai model\"}\n\n"))
+		_, _ = w.Write([]byte("data: {\"type\":\"response.completed\",\"response\":{\"id\":\"resp_1\",\"created_at\":1710000000,\"model\":\"duo-chat-gpt-5-codex\",\"output\":[{\"type\":\"message\",\"id\":\"msg_1\",\"role\":\"assistant\",\"content\":[{\"type\":\"output_text\",\"text\":\"hello from explicit openai model\"}]}],\"usage\":{\"input_tokens\":11,\"output_tokens\":4,\"total_tokens\":15}}}\n\n"))
+	}))
+	defer srv.Close()
+
+	exec := NewGitLabExecutor(&config.Config{})
+	auth := &cliproxyauth.Auth{
+		Provider: "gitlab",
+		Metadata: map[string]any{
+			"duo_gateway_base_url": srv.URL,
+			"duo_gateway_token":    "gateway-token",
+			"duo_gateway_headers":  map[string]string{"X-Gitlab-Realm": "saas"},
+			"model_provider":       "anthropic",
+			"model_name":           "claude-sonnet-4-5",
+		},
+	}
+	req := cliproxyexecutor.Request{
+		Model:   "duo-chat-gpt-5-codex",
+		Payload: []byte(`{"model":"duo-chat-gpt-5-codex","messages":[{"role":"user","content":"hello"}]}`),
+	}
+
+	resp, err := exec.Execute(context.Background(), auth, req, cliproxyexecutor.Options{
+		SourceFormat: sdktranslator.FromString("openai"),
+	})
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("Execute() error = %v", err)
+	}
+	if gotPath != "/v1/proxy/openai/v1/responses" {
+		t.Fatalf("Path = %q, want %q", gotPath, "/v1/proxy/openai/v1/responses")
+	}
+	if gotAuthHeader != "Bearer gateway-token" {
+		t.Fatalf("Authorization = %q, want Bearer gateway-token", gotAuthHeader)
+	}
+	if gotRealmHeader != "saas" {
+		t.Fatalf("X-Gitlab-Realm = %q, want saas", gotRealmHeader)
+	}
+	if gotBetaHeader != gitLabContext1MBeta {
+		t.Fatalf("anthropic-beta = %q, want %q", gotBetaHeader, gitLabContext1MBeta)
+	}
+	if gotUserAgent != gitLabNativeUserAgent {
+		t.Fatalf("User-Agent = %q, want %q", gotUserAgent, gitLabNativeUserAgent)
+	}
+	if gotModel != "duo-chat-gpt-5-codex" {
+		t.Fatalf("model = %q, want duo-chat-gpt-5-codex", gotModel)
+	}
+	if got := gjson.GetBytes(resp.Payload, "choices.0.message.content").String(); got != "hello from explicit openai model" {
+		t.Fatalf("expected explicit openai model response, got %q payload=%s", got, string(resp.Payload))
+	}
+}
+
+func TestGitLabExecutorRefreshUpdatesMetadata(t *testing.T) {
+	srv := httptest.NewServer(http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
+		switch r.URL.Path {
+		case "/oauth/token":
+			_ = json.NewEncoder(w).Encode(map[string]any{
+				"access_token":  "oauth-refreshed",
+				"refresh_token": "oauth-refresh",
+				"token_type":    "Bearer",
+				"scope":         "api read_user",
+				"created_at":    1710000000,
+				"expires_in":    3600,
+			})
+		case "/api/v4/code_suggestions/direct_access":
+			_ = json.NewEncoder(w).Encode(map[string]any{
+				"base_url":   "https://cloud.gitlab.example.com",
+				"token":      "gateway-token",
+				"expires_at": 1710003600,
+				"headers":    map[string]string{"X-Gitlab-Realm": "saas"},
+				"model_details": map[string]any{
+					"model_provider": "anthropic",
+					"model_name":     "claude-sonnet-4-5",
+				},
+			})
+		default:
+			t.Fatalf("unexpected path %q", r.URL.Path)
+		}
+	}))
+	defer srv.Close()
+
+	exec := NewGitLabExecutor(&config.Config{})
+	auth := &cliproxyauth.Auth{
+		ID:       "gitlab-auth.json",
+		Provider: "gitlab",
+		Metadata: map[string]any{
+			"base_url":         srv.URL,
+			"access_token":     "oauth-access",
+			"refresh_token":    "oauth-refresh",
+			"oauth_client_id":  "client-id",
+			"auth_method":      "oauth",
+			"oauth_expires_at": "2000-01-01T00:00:00Z",
+		},
+	}
+
+	updated, err := exec.Refresh(context.Background(), auth)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("Refresh() error = %v", err)
+	}
+	if got := updated.Metadata["access_token"]; got != "oauth-refreshed" {
+		t.Fatalf("expected refreshed access token, got %#v", got)
+	}
+	if got := updated.Metadata["model_name"]; got != "claude-sonnet-4-5" {
+		t.Fatalf("expected refreshed model metadata, got %#v", got)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestGitLabExecutorExecuteStreamUsesCodeSuggestionsSSE(t *testing.T) {
+	var gotAccept, gotStreamingHeader, gotEncoding string
+	var gotStreamFlag bool
+	srv := httptest.NewServer(http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
+		if r.URL.Path != gitLabCodeSuggestionsEndpoint {
+			t.Fatalf("unexpected path %q", r.URL.Path)
+		}
+		gotAccept = r.Header.Get("Accept")
+		gotStreamingHeader = r.Header.Get(gitLabSSEStreamingHeader)
+		gotEncoding = r.Header.Get("Accept-Encoding")
+		gotStreamFlag = gjson.GetBytes(readBody(t, r), "stream").Bool()
+
+		w.Header().Set("Content-Type", "text/event-stream")
+		_, _ = w.Write([]byte("event: stream_start\n"))
+		_, _ = w.Write([]byte("data: {\"model\":{\"name\":\"claude-sonnet-4-5\"}}\n\n"))
+		_, _ = w.Write([]byte("event: content_chunk\n"))
+		_, _ = w.Write([]byte("data: {\"content\":\"hello\"}\n\n"))
+		_, _ = w.Write([]byte("event: content_chunk\n"))
+		_, _ = w.Write([]byte("data: {\"content\":\" world\"}\n\n"))
+		_, _ = w.Write([]byte("event: stream_end\n"))
+		_, _ = w.Write([]byte("data: {}\n\n"))
+	}))
+	defer srv.Close()
+
+	exec := NewGitLabExecutor(&config.Config{})
+	auth := &cliproxyauth.Auth{
+		Provider: "gitlab",
+		Metadata: map[string]any{
+			"base_url":     srv.URL,
+			"access_token": "oauth-access",
+			"model_name":   "claude-sonnet-4-5",
+		},
+	}
+	req := cliproxyexecutor.Request{
+		Model:   "gitlab-duo",
+		Payload: []byte(`{"model":"gitlab-duo","stream":true,"messages":[{"role":"user","content":"hello"}]}`),
+	}
+
+	result, err := exec.ExecuteStream(context.Background(), auth, req, cliproxyexecutor.Options{
+		SourceFormat: sdktranslator.FromString("openai"),
+	})
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("ExecuteStream() error = %v", err)
+	}
+
+	lines := collectStreamLines(t, result)
+	if gotAccept != "text/event-stream" {
+		t.Fatalf("Accept = %q, want text/event-stream", gotAccept)
+	}
+	if gotStreamingHeader != "true" {
+		t.Fatalf("%s = %q, want true", gitLabSSEStreamingHeader, gotStreamingHeader)
+	}
+	if gotEncoding != "identity" {
+		t.Fatalf("Accept-Encoding = %q, want identity", gotEncoding)
+	}
+	if !gotStreamFlag {
+		t.Fatalf("expected upstream request to set stream=true")
+	}
+	if len(lines) < 4 {
+		t.Fatalf("expected translated stream chunks, got %d", len(lines))
+	}
+	if !strings.Contains(strings.Join(lines, "\n"), `"content":"hello"`) {
+		t.Fatalf("expected hello delta in stream, got %q", strings.Join(lines, "\n"))
+	}
+	if !strings.Contains(strings.Join(lines, "\n"), `"content":" world"`) {
+		t.Fatalf("expected world delta in stream, got %q", strings.Join(lines, "\n"))
+	}
+	last := lines[len(lines)-1]
+	if last != "data: [DONE]" && !strings.Contains(last, `"finish_reason":"stop"`) {
+		t.Fatalf("expected stream terminator, got %q", last)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestGitLabExecutorExecuteStreamFallsBackToSyntheticChat(t *testing.T) {
+	chatCalls := 0
+	streamCalls := 0
+	srv := httptest.NewServer(http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
+		switch r.URL.Path {
+		case gitLabCodeSuggestionsEndpoint:
+			streamCalls++
+			http.Error(w, "feature unavailable", http.StatusForbidden)
+		case gitLabChatEndpoint:
+			chatCalls++
+			_, _ = w.Write([]byte(`"chat fallback response"`))
+		default:
+			t.Fatalf("unexpected path %q", r.URL.Path)
+		}
+	}))
+	defer srv.Close()
+
+	exec := NewGitLabExecutor(&config.Config{})
+	auth := &cliproxyauth.Auth{
+		Provider: "gitlab",
+		Metadata: map[string]any{
+			"base_url":     srv.URL,
+			"access_token": "oauth-access",
+			"model_name":   "claude-sonnet-4-5",
+		},
+	}
+	req := cliproxyexecutor.Request{
+		Model:   "gitlab-duo",
+		Payload: []byte(`{"model":"gitlab-duo","stream":true,"messages":[{"role":"user","content":"hello"}]}`),
+	}
+
+	result, err := exec.ExecuteStream(context.Background(), auth, req, cliproxyexecutor.Options{
+		SourceFormat: sdktranslator.FromString("openai"),
+	})
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("ExecuteStream() error = %v", err)
+	}
+
+	lines := collectStreamLines(t, result)
+	if streamCalls != 1 {
+		t.Fatalf("expected streaming endpoint once, got %d", streamCalls)
+	}
+	if chatCalls != 1 {
+		t.Fatalf("expected chat fallback once, got %d", chatCalls)
+	}
+	if !strings.Contains(strings.Join(lines, "\n"), `"content":"chat fallback response"`) {
+		t.Fatalf("expected fallback content in stream, got %q", strings.Join(lines, "\n"))
+	}
+}
+
+func TestGitLabExecutorExecuteStreamUsesAnthropicGateway(t *testing.T) {
+	var gotPath, gotBetaHeader, gotUserAgent string
+	srv := httptest.NewServer(http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
+		gotPath = r.URL.Path
+		gotBetaHeader = r.Header.Get("Anthropic-Beta")
+		gotUserAgent = r.Header.Get("User-Agent")
+		w.Header().Set("Content-Type", "text/event-stream")
+		_, _ = w.Write([]byte("event: message_start\n"))
+		_, _ = w.Write([]byte("data: {\"type\":\"message_start\",\"message\":{\"id\":\"msg_1\",\"type\":\"message\",\"role\":\"assistant\",\"model\":\"claude-sonnet-4-5\",\"content\":[],\"stop_reason\":null,\"stop_sequence\":null,\"usage\":{\"input_tokens\":0,\"output_tokens\":0}}}\n\n"))
+		_, _ = w.Write([]byte("event: content_block_start\n"))
+		_, _ = w.Write([]byte("data: {\"type\":\"content_block_start\",\"index\":0,\"content_block\":{\"type\":\"text\",\"text\":\"\"}}\n\n"))
+		_, _ = w.Write([]byte("event: content_block_delta\n"))
+		_, _ = w.Write([]byte("data: {\"type\":\"content_block_delta\",\"index\":0,\"delta\":{\"type\":\"text_delta\",\"text\":\"hello from gateway\"}}\n\n"))
+		_, _ = w.Write([]byte("event: message_delta\n"))
+		_, _ = w.Write([]byte("data: {\"type\":\"message_delta\",\"delta\":{\"stop_reason\":\"end_turn\",\"stop_sequence\":null},\"usage\":{\"input_tokens\":10,\"output_tokens\":3}}\n\n"))
+		_, _ = w.Write([]byte("event: message_stop\n"))
+		_, _ = w.Write([]byte("data: {\"type\":\"message_stop\"}\n\n"))
+	}))
+	defer srv.Close()
+
+	exec := NewGitLabExecutor(&config.Config{})
+	auth := &cliproxyauth.Auth{
+		Provider: "gitlab",
+		Metadata: map[string]any{
+			"duo_gateway_base_url": srv.URL,
+			"duo_gateway_token":    "gateway-token",
+			"duo_gateway_headers":  map[string]string{"X-Gitlab-Realm": "saas"},
+			"model_provider":       "anthropic",
+			"model_name":           "claude-sonnet-4-5",
+		},
+	}
+	req := cliproxyexecutor.Request{
+		Model:   "gitlab-duo",
+		Payload: []byte(`{"model":"gitlab-duo","messages":[{"role":"user","content":[{"type":"text","text":"hello"}]}],"max_tokens":64}`),
+	}
+
+	result, err := exec.ExecuteStream(context.Background(), auth, req, cliproxyexecutor.Options{
+		SourceFormat: sdktranslator.FromString("claude"),
+	})
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("ExecuteStream() error = %v", err)
+	}
+
+	lines := collectStreamLines(t, result)
+	if gotPath != "/v1/proxy/anthropic/v1/messages" {
+		t.Fatalf("Path = %q, want %q", gotPath, "/v1/proxy/anthropic/v1/messages")
+	}
+	if !strings.Contains(gotBetaHeader, gitLabContext1MBeta) {
+		t.Fatalf("Anthropic-Beta = %q, want to contain %q", gotBetaHeader, gitLabContext1MBeta)
+	}
+	if gotUserAgent != gitLabNativeUserAgent {
+		t.Fatalf("User-Agent = %q, want %q", gotUserAgent, gitLabNativeUserAgent)
+	}
+	if !strings.Contains(strings.Join(lines, "\n"), "hello from gateway") {
+		t.Fatalf("expected anthropic gateway stream, got %q", strings.Join(lines, "\n"))
+	}
+}
+
+func collectStreamLines(t *testing.T, result *cliproxyexecutor.StreamResult) []string {
+	t.Helper()
+	lines := make([]string, 0, 8)
+	for chunk := range result.Chunks {
+		if chunk.Err != nil {
+			t.Fatalf("unexpected stream error: %v", chunk.Err)
+		}
+		lines = append(lines, string(chunk.Payload))
+	}
+	return lines
+}
+
+func readBody(t *testing.T, r *http.Request) []byte {
+	t.Helper()
+	defer func() { _ = r.Body.Close() }()
+	body, err := io.ReadAll(r.Body)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("ReadAll() error = %v", err)
+	}
+	return body
+}

internal/runtime/executor/helps/cache_helpers.go

@@ -29,6 +29,7 @@ func startCodexCacheCleanup() {
 	go func() {
 		ticker := time.NewTicker(codexCacheCleanupInterval)
 		defer ticker.Stop()
+
 		for range ticker.C {
 			purgeExpiredCodexCache()
 		}
@@ -38,8 +39,10 @@ func startCodexCacheCleanup() {
 // purgeExpiredCodexCache removes entries that have expired.
 func purgeExpiredCodexCache() {
 	now := time.Now()
+
 	codexCacheMu.Lock()
 	defer codexCacheMu.Unlock()
+
 	for key, cache := range codexCacheMap {
 		if cache.Expire.Before(now) {
 			delete(codexCacheMap, key)
@@ -66,3 +69,10 @@ func SetCodexCache(key string, cache CodexCache) {
 	codexCacheMap[key] = cache
 	codexCacheMu.Unlock()
 }
+
+// deleteCodexCache deletes a cache entry.
+func deleteCodexCache(key string) {
+	codexCacheMu.Lock()
+	delete(codexCacheMap, key)
+	codexCacheMu.Unlock()
+}

internal/runtime/executor/helps/proxy_helpers.go

@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ import (
 	"context"
 	"net/http"
 	"strings"
+	"sync"
 	"time"
 
 	"github.com/router-for-me/CLIProxyAPI/v6/internal/config"
@@ -12,11 +13,19 @@ import (
 	log "github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
 )
 
+// httpClientCache caches HTTP clients by proxy URL to enable connection reuse
+var (
+	httpClientCache      = make(map[string]*http.Client)
+	httpClientCacheMutex sync.RWMutex
+)
+
 // NewProxyAwareHTTPClient creates an HTTP client with proper proxy configuration priority:
 // 1. Use auth.ProxyURL if configured (highest priority)
 // 2. Use cfg.ProxyURL if auth proxy is not configured
 // 3. Use RoundTripper from context if neither are configured
 //
+// This function caches HTTP clients by proxy URL to enable TCP/TLS connection reuse.
+//
 // Parameters:
 //   - ctx: The context containing optional RoundTripper
 //   - cfg: The application configuration
@@ -26,11 +35,6 @@ import (
 // Returns:
 //   - *http.Client: An HTTP client with configured proxy or transport
 func NewProxyAwareHTTPClient(ctx context.Context, cfg *config.Config, auth *cliproxyauth.Auth, timeout time.Duration) *http.Client {
-	httpClient := &http.Client{}
-	if timeout > 0 {
-		httpClient.Timeout = timeout
-	}
-
 	// Priority 1: Use auth.ProxyURL if configured
 	var proxyURL string
 	if auth != nil {
@@ -42,11 +46,34 @@ func NewProxyAwareHTTPClient(ctx context.Context, cfg *config.Config, auth *clip
 		proxyURL = strings.TrimSpace(cfg.ProxyURL)
 	}
 
+	// If we have a proxy URL configured, try cache first to reuse TCP/TLS connections.
+	if proxyURL != "" {
+		httpClientCacheMutex.RLock()
+		if cachedClient, ok := httpClientCache[proxyURL]; ok {
+			httpClientCacheMutex.RUnlock()
+			if timeout > 0 {
+				return &http.Client{Transport: cachedClient.Transport, Timeout: timeout}
+			}
+			return cachedClient
+		}
+		httpClientCacheMutex.RUnlock()
+	}
+
+	// Create new client
+	httpClient := &http.Client{}
+	if timeout > 0 {
+		httpClient.Timeout = timeout
+	}
+
 	// If we have a proxy URL configured, set up the transport
 	if proxyURL != "" {
 		transport := buildProxyTransport(proxyURL)
 		if transport != nil {
 			httpClient.Transport = transport
+			// Cache the client
+			httpClientCacheMutex.Lock()
+			httpClientCache[proxyURL] = httpClient
+			httpClientCacheMutex.Unlock()
 			return httpClient
 		}
 		// If proxy setup failed, log and fall through to context RoundTripper

internal/runtime/executor/helps/token_helpers.go

@@ -3,21 +3,65 @@ package helps
 import (
 	"fmt"
 	"strings"
+	"sync"
 
 	"github.com/tidwall/gjson"
 	"github.com/tiktoken-go/tokenizer"
 )
 
+// tokenizerCache stores tokenizer instances to avoid repeated creation.
+var tokenizerCache sync.Map
+
+type adjustedTokenizer struct {
+	tokenizer.Codec
+	adjustmentFactor float64
+}
+
+func (tw *adjustedTokenizer) Count(text string) (int, error) {
+	count, err := tw.Codec.Count(text)
+	if err != nil {
+		return 0, err
+	}
+	if tw.adjustmentFactor > 0 && tw.adjustmentFactor != 1.0 {
+		return int(float64(count) * tw.adjustmentFactor), nil
+	}
+	return count, nil
+}
+
 // TokenizerForModel returns a tokenizer codec suitable for an OpenAI-style model id.
+// For Claude-like models, it applies an adjustment factor since tiktoken may underestimate token counts.
 func TokenizerForModel(model string) (tokenizer.Codec, error) {
 	sanitized := strings.ToLower(strings.TrimSpace(model))
-	switch {
-	case sanitized == "":
+	if cached, ok := tokenizerCache.Load(sanitized); ok {
+		return cached.(tokenizer.Codec), nil
+	}
+
+	enc, err := tokenizerForModel(sanitized)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	actual, _ := tokenizerCache.LoadOrStore(sanitized, enc)
+	return actual.(tokenizer.Codec), nil
+}
+
+func tokenizerForModel(sanitized string) (tokenizer.Codec, error) {
+	if sanitized == "" {
 		return tokenizer.Get(tokenizer.Cl100kBase)
+	}
+
+	// Claude models use cl100k_base with an adjustment factor because tiktoken may underestimate.
+	if strings.Contains(sanitized, "claude") || strings.HasPrefix(sanitized, "kiro-") || strings.HasPrefix(sanitized, "amazonq-") {
+		enc, err := tokenizer.Get(tokenizer.Cl100kBase)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+		return &adjustedTokenizer{Codec: enc, adjustmentFactor: 1.1}, nil
+	}
+
+	switch {
 	case strings.HasPrefix(sanitized, "gpt-5"):
 		return tokenizer.ForModel(tokenizer.GPT5)
-	case strings.HasPrefix(sanitized, "gpt-5.1"):
-		return tokenizer.ForModel(tokenizer.GPT5)
 	case strings.HasPrefix(sanitized, "gpt-4.1"):
 		return tokenizer.ForModel(tokenizer.GPT41)
 	case strings.HasPrefix(sanitized, "gpt-4o"):
@@ -69,6 +113,34 @@ func CountOpenAIChatTokens(enc tokenizer.Codec, payload []byte) (int64, error) {
 	return int64(count), nil
 }
 
+// CountClaudeChatTokens approximates prompt tokens for Claude API chat payloads.
+func CountClaudeChatTokens(enc tokenizer.Codec, payload []byte) (int64, error) {
+	if enc == nil {
+		return 0, fmt.Errorf("encoder is nil")
+	}
+	if len(payload) == 0 {
+		return 0, nil
+	}
+
+	root := gjson.ParseBytes(payload)
+	segments := make([]string, 0, 32)
+	imageTokens := 0
+
+	collectClaudeContent(root.Get("system"), &segments, &imageTokens)
+	collectClaudeMessages(root.Get("messages"), &segments, &imageTokens)
+	collectClaudeTools(root.Get("tools"), &segments)
+
+	joined := strings.TrimSpace(strings.Join(segments, "\n"))
+	if joined == "" {
+		return int64(imageTokens), nil
+	}
+	count, err := enc.Count(joined)
+	if err != nil {
+		return 0, err
+	}
+	return int64(count + imageTokens), nil
+}
+
 // BuildOpenAIUsageJSON returns a minimal usage structure understood by downstream translators.
 func BuildOpenAIUsageJSON(count int64) []byte {
 	return []byte(fmt.Sprintf(`{"usage":{"prompt_tokens":%d,"completion_tokens":0,"total_tokens":%d}}`, count, count))
@@ -129,6 +201,10 @@ func collectOpenAIContent(content gjson.Result, segments *[]string) {
 	}
 }
 
+func CollectOpenAIContent(content gjson.Result, segments *[]string) {
+	collectOpenAIContent(content, segments)
+}
+
 func collectOpenAIToolCalls(calls gjson.Result, segments *[]string) {
 	if !calls.Exists() || !calls.IsArray() {
 		return
@@ -226,6 +302,98 @@ func appendToolPayload(tool gjson.Result, segments *[]string) {
 	}
 }
 
+func collectClaudeMessages(messages gjson.Result, segments *[]string, imageTokens *int) {
+	if !messages.Exists() || !messages.IsArray() {
+		return
+	}
+	messages.ForEach(func(_, message gjson.Result) bool {
+		addIfNotEmpty(segments, message.Get("role").String())
+		collectClaudeContent(message.Get("content"), segments, imageTokens)
+		return true
+	})
+}
+
+func collectClaudeContent(content gjson.Result, segments *[]string, imageTokens *int) {
+	if !content.Exists() {
+		return
+	}
+	if content.Type == gjson.String {
+		addIfNotEmpty(segments, content.String())
+		return
+	}
+	if content.IsArray() {
+		content.ForEach(func(_, part gjson.Result) bool {
+			partType := part.Get("type").String()
+			switch partType {
+			case "text":
+				addIfNotEmpty(segments, part.Get("text").String())
+			case "image":
+				source := part.Get("source")
+				width := source.Get("width").Float()
+				height := source.Get("height").Float()
+				if imageTokens != nil {
+					*imageTokens += estimateImageTokens(width, height)
+				}
+			case "tool_use":
+				addIfNotEmpty(segments, part.Get("id").String())
+				addIfNotEmpty(segments, part.Get("name").String())
+				if input := part.Get("input"); input.Exists() {
+					addIfNotEmpty(segments, input.Raw)
+				}
+			case "tool_result":
+				addIfNotEmpty(segments, part.Get("tool_use_id").String())
+				collectClaudeContent(part.Get("content"), segments, imageTokens)
+			case "thinking":
+				addIfNotEmpty(segments, part.Get("thinking").String())
+			default:
+				if part.Type == gjson.String {
+					addIfNotEmpty(segments, part.String())
+				} else if part.Type == gjson.JSON {
+					addIfNotEmpty(segments, part.Raw)
+				}
+			}
+			return true
+		})
+		return
+	}
+	if content.Type == gjson.JSON {
+		addIfNotEmpty(segments, content.Raw)
+	}
+}
+
+func collectClaudeTools(tools gjson.Result, segments *[]string) {
+	if !tools.Exists() || !tools.IsArray() {
+		return
+	}
+	tools.ForEach(func(_, tool gjson.Result) bool {
+		addIfNotEmpty(segments, tool.Get("name").String())
+		addIfNotEmpty(segments, tool.Get("description").String())
+		if inputSchema := tool.Get("input_schema"); inputSchema.Exists() {
+			addIfNotEmpty(segments, inputSchema.Raw)
+		}
+		return true
+	})
+}
+
+// estimateImageTokens calculates estimated tokens for an image based on dimensions.
+// Based on Claude's image token calculation: tokens ≈ (width * height) / 750
+// Minimum 85 tokens, maximum 1590 tokens (for 1568x1568 images).
+func estimateImageTokens(width, height float64) int {
+	if width <= 0 || height <= 0 {
+		// No valid dimensions, use default estimate (medium-sized image).
+		return 1000
+	}
+
+	tokens := int(width * height / 750)
+	if tokens < 85 {
+		return 85
+	}
+	if tokens > 1590 {
+		return 1590
+	}
+	return tokens
+}
+
 func addIfNotEmpty(segments *[]string, value string) {
 	if segments == nil {
 		return

internal/runtime/executor/helps/usage_helpers.go

@@ -247,15 +247,34 @@ func ParseOpenAIStreamUsage(line []byte) (usage.Detail, bool) {
 	if !usageNode.Exists() {
 		return usage.Detail{}, false
 	}
+
+	inputNode := usageNode.Get("prompt_tokens")
+	if !inputNode.Exists() {
+		inputNode = usageNode.Get("input_tokens")
+	}
+	outputNode := usageNode.Get("completion_tokens")
+	if !outputNode.Exists() {
+		outputNode = usageNode.Get("output_tokens")
+	}
 	detail := usage.Detail{
-		InputTokens:  usageNode.Get("prompt_tokens").Int(),
-		OutputTokens: usageNode.Get("completion_tokens").Int(),
+		InputTokens:  inputNode.Int(),
+		OutputTokens: outputNode.Int(),
 		TotalTokens:  usageNode.Get("total_tokens").Int(),
 	}
-	if cached := usageNode.Get("prompt_tokens_details.cached_tokens"); cached.Exists() {
+
+	cached := usageNode.Get("prompt_tokens_details.cached_tokens")
+	if !cached.Exists() {
+		cached = usageNode.Get("input_tokens_details.cached_tokens")
+	}
+	if cached.Exists() {
 		detail.CachedTokens = cached.Int()
 	}
-	if reasoning := usageNode.Get("completion_tokens_details.reasoning_tokens"); reasoning.Exists() {
+
+	reasoning := usageNode.Get("completion_tokens_details.reasoning_tokens")
+	if !reasoning.Exists() {
+		reasoning = usageNode.Get("output_tokens_details.reasoning_tokens")
+	}
+	if reasoning.Exists() {
 		detail.ReasoningTokens = reasoning.Int()
 	}
 	return detail, true

internal/runtime/executor/kilo_executor.go

@@ -0,0 +1,460 @@
+package executor
+
+import (
+	"bufio"
+	"bytes"
+	"context"
+	"errors"
+	"fmt"
+	"io"
+	"net/http"
+	"strings"
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/router-for-me/CLIProxyAPI/v6/internal/config"
+	"github.com/router-for-me/CLIProxyAPI/v6/internal/registry"
+	"github.com/router-for-me/CLIProxyAPI/v6/internal/thinking"
+	"github.com/router-for-me/CLIProxyAPI/v6/internal/util"
+	cliproxyauth "github.com/router-for-me/CLIProxyAPI/v6/sdk/cliproxy/auth"
+	cliproxyexecutor "github.com/router-for-me/CLIProxyAPI/v6/sdk/cliproxy/executor"
+	sdktranslator "github.com/router-for-me/CLIProxyAPI/v6/sdk/translator"
+	log "github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
+	"github.com/tidwall/gjson"
+)
+
+// KiloExecutor handles requests to Kilo API.
+type KiloExecutor struct {
+	cfg *config.Config
+}
+
+// NewKiloExecutor creates a new Kilo executor instance.
+func NewKiloExecutor(cfg *config.Config) *KiloExecutor {
+	return &KiloExecutor{cfg: cfg}
+}
+
+// Identifier returns the unique identifier for this executor.
+func (e *KiloExecutor) Identifier() string { return "kilo" }
+
+// PrepareRequest prepares the HTTP request before execution.
+func (e *KiloExecutor) PrepareRequest(req *http.Request, auth *cliproxyauth.Auth) error {
+	if req == nil {
+		return nil
+	}
+	accessToken, _ := kiloCredentials(auth)
+	if strings.TrimSpace(accessToken) == "" {
+		return fmt.Errorf("kilo: missing access token")
+	}
+
+	req.Header.Set("Authorization", "Bearer "+accessToken)
+	var attrs map[string]string
+	if auth != nil {
+		attrs = auth.Attributes
+	}
+	util.ApplyCustomHeadersFromAttrs(req, attrs)
+	return nil
+}
+
+// HttpRequest executes a raw HTTP request.
+func (e *KiloExecutor) HttpRequest(ctx context.Context, auth *cliproxyauth.Auth, req *http.Request) (*http.Response, error) {
+	if req == nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("kilo executor: request is nil")
+	}
+	if ctx == nil {
+		ctx = req.Context()
+	}
+	httpReq := req.WithContext(ctx)
+	if err := e.PrepareRequest(httpReq, auth); err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	httpClient := newProxyAwareHTTPClient(ctx, e.cfg, auth, 0)
+	return httpClient.Do(httpReq)
+}
+
+// Execute performs a non-streaming request.
+func (e *KiloExecutor) Execute(ctx context.Context, auth *cliproxyauth.Auth, req cliproxyexecutor.Request, opts cliproxyexecutor.Options) (resp cliproxyexecutor.Response, err error) {
+	baseModel := thinking.ParseSuffix(req.Model).ModelName
+
+	reporter := newUsageReporter(ctx, e.Identifier(), baseModel, auth)
+	defer reporter.trackFailure(ctx, &err)
+
+	accessToken, orgID := kiloCredentials(auth)
+	if accessToken == "" {
+		return resp, fmt.Errorf("kilo: missing access token")
+	}
+
+	from := opts.SourceFormat
+	to := sdktranslator.FromString("openai")
+	endpoint := "/api/openrouter/chat/completions"
+
+	originalPayloadSource := req.Payload
+	if len(opts.OriginalRequest) > 0 {
+		originalPayloadSource = opts.OriginalRequest
+	}
+	originalPayload := originalPayloadSource
+	originalTranslated := sdktranslator.TranslateRequest(from, to, baseModel, originalPayload, opts.Stream)
+	translated := sdktranslator.TranslateRequest(from, to, baseModel, req.Payload, opts.Stream)
+	requestedModel := payloadRequestedModel(opts, req.Model)
+	translated = applyPayloadConfigWithRoot(e.cfg, baseModel, to.String(), "", translated, originalTranslated, requestedModel)
+
+	translated, err = thinking.ApplyThinking(translated, req.Model, from.String(), to.String(), e.Identifier())
+	if err != nil {
+		return resp, err
+	}
+
+	url := "https://api.kilo.ai" + endpoint
+	httpReq, err := http.NewRequestWithContext(ctx, http.MethodPost, url, bytes.NewReader(translated))
+	if err != nil {
+		return resp, err
+	}
+	httpReq.Header.Set("Content-Type", "application/json")
+	httpReq.Header.Set("Authorization", "Bearer "+accessToken)
+	if orgID != "" {
+		httpReq.Header.Set("X-Kilocode-OrganizationID", orgID)
+	}
+	httpReq.Header.Set("User-Agent", "cli-proxy-kilo")
+	var attrs map[string]string
+	if auth != nil {
+		attrs = auth.Attributes
+	}
+	util.ApplyCustomHeadersFromAttrs(httpReq, attrs)
+
+	var authID, authLabel, authType, authValue string
+	if auth != nil {
+		authID = auth.ID
+		authLabel = auth.Label
+		authType, authValue = auth.AccountInfo()
+	}
+	recordAPIRequest(ctx, e.cfg, upstreamRequestLog{
+		URL:       url,
+		Method:    http.MethodPost,
+		Headers:   httpReq.Header.Clone(),
+		Body:      translated,
+		Provider:  e.Identifier(),
+		AuthID:    authID,
+		AuthLabel: authLabel,
+		AuthType:  authType,
+		AuthValue: authValue,
+	})
+
+	httpClient := newProxyAwareHTTPClient(ctx, e.cfg, auth, 0)
+	httpResp, err := httpClient.Do(httpReq)
+	if err != nil {
+		recordAPIResponseError(ctx, e.cfg, err)
+		return resp, err
+	}
+	defer httpResp.Body.Close()
+
+	recordAPIResponseMetadata(ctx, e.cfg, httpResp.StatusCode, httpResp.Header.Clone())
+	if httpResp.StatusCode < 200 || httpResp.StatusCode >= 300 {
+		b, _ := io.ReadAll(httpResp.Body)
+		appendAPIResponseChunk(ctx, e.cfg, b)
+		err = statusErr{code: httpResp.StatusCode, msg: string(b)}
+		return resp, err
+	}
+
+	body, err := io.ReadAll(httpResp.Body)
+	if err != nil {
+		recordAPIResponseError(ctx, e.cfg, err)
+		return resp, err
+	}
+	appendAPIResponseChunk(ctx, e.cfg, body)
+	reporter.publish(ctx, parseOpenAIUsage(body))
+	reporter.ensurePublished(ctx)
+
+	var param any
+	out := sdktranslator.TranslateNonStream(ctx, to, from, req.Model, opts.OriginalRequest, translated, body, &param)
+	resp = cliproxyexecutor.Response{Payload: []byte(out)}
+	return resp, nil
+}
+
+// ExecuteStream performs a streaming request.
+func (e *KiloExecutor) ExecuteStream(ctx context.Context, auth *cliproxyauth.Auth, req cliproxyexecutor.Request, opts cliproxyexecutor.Options) (_ *cliproxyexecutor.StreamResult, err error) {
+	baseModel := thinking.ParseSuffix(req.Model).ModelName
+
+	reporter := newUsageReporter(ctx, e.Identifier(), baseModel, auth)
+	defer reporter.trackFailure(ctx, &err)
+
+	accessToken, orgID := kiloCredentials(auth)
+	if accessToken == "" {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("kilo: missing access token")
+	}
+
+	from := opts.SourceFormat
+	to := sdktranslator.FromString("openai")
+	endpoint := "/api/openrouter/chat/completions"
+
+	originalPayloadSource := req.Payload
+	if len(opts.OriginalRequest) > 0 {
+		originalPayloadSource = opts.OriginalRequest
+	}
+	originalPayload := originalPayloadSource
+	originalTranslated := sdktranslator.TranslateRequest(from, to, baseModel, originalPayload, true)
+	translated := sdktranslator.TranslateRequest(from, to, baseModel, req.Payload, true)
+	requestedModel := payloadRequestedModel(opts, req.Model)
+	translated = applyPayloadConfigWithRoot(e.cfg, baseModel, to.String(), "", translated, originalTranslated, requestedModel)
+
+	translated, err = thinking.ApplyThinking(translated, req.Model, from.String(), to.String(), e.Identifier())
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	url := "https://api.kilo.ai" + endpoint
+	httpReq, err := http.NewRequestWithContext(ctx, http.MethodPost, url, bytes.NewReader(translated))
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	httpReq.Header.Set("Content-Type", "application/json")
+	httpReq.Header.Set("Authorization", "Bearer "+accessToken)
+	if orgID != "" {
+		httpReq.Header.Set("X-Kilocode-OrganizationID", orgID)
+	}
+	httpReq.Header.Set("User-Agent", "cli-proxy-kilo")
+	httpReq.Header.Set("Accept", "text/event-stream")
+	httpReq.Header.Set("Cache-Control", "no-cache")
+
+	var attrs map[string]string
+	if auth != nil {
+		attrs = auth.Attributes
+	}
+	util.ApplyCustomHeadersFromAttrs(httpReq, attrs)
+
+	var authID, authLabel, authType, authValue string
+	if auth != nil {
+		authID = auth.ID
+		authLabel = auth.Label
+		authType, authValue = auth.AccountInfo()
+	}
+	recordAPIRequest(ctx, e.cfg, upstreamRequestLog{
+		URL:       url,
+		Method:    http.MethodPost,
+		Headers:   httpReq.Header.Clone(),
+		Body:      translated,
+		Provider:  e.Identifier(),
+		AuthID:    authID,
+		AuthLabel: authLabel,
+		AuthType:  authType,
+		AuthValue: authValue,
+	})
+
+	httpClient := newProxyAwareHTTPClient(ctx, e.cfg, auth, 0)
+	httpResp, err := httpClient.Do(httpReq)
+	if err != nil {
+		recordAPIResponseError(ctx, e.cfg, err)
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	recordAPIResponseMetadata(ctx, e.cfg, httpResp.StatusCode, httpResp.Header.Clone())
+	if httpResp.StatusCode < 200 || httpResp.StatusCode >= 300 {
+		b, _ := io.ReadAll(httpResp.Body)
+		appendAPIResponseChunk(ctx, e.cfg, b)
+		httpResp.Body.Close()
+		err = statusErr{code: httpResp.StatusCode, msg: string(b)}
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	out := make(chan cliproxyexecutor.StreamChunk)
+	go func() {
+		defer close(out)
+		defer httpResp.Body.Close()
+
+		scanner := bufio.NewScanner(httpResp.Body)
+		scanner.Buffer(nil, 52_428_800)
+		var param any
+		for scanner.Scan() {
+			line := scanner.Bytes()
+			appendAPIResponseChunk(ctx, e.cfg, line)
+			if detail, ok := parseOpenAIStreamUsage(line); ok {
+				reporter.publish(ctx, detail)
+			}
+			if len(line) == 0 {
+				continue
+			}
+			if !bytes.HasPrefix(line, []byte("data:")) {
+				continue
+			}
+			chunks := sdktranslator.TranslateStream(ctx, to, from, req.Model, opts.OriginalRequest, translated, bytes.Clone(line), &param)
+			for i := range chunks {
+				out <- cliproxyexecutor.StreamChunk{Payload: []byte(chunks[i])}
+			}
+		}
+		if errScan := scanner.Err(); errScan != nil {
+			recordAPIResponseError(ctx, e.cfg, errScan)
+			reporter.publishFailure(ctx)
+			out <- cliproxyexecutor.StreamChunk{Err: errScan}
+		}
+		reporter.ensurePublished(ctx)
+	}()
+
+	return &cliproxyexecutor.StreamResult{
+		Headers: httpResp.Header.Clone(),
+		Chunks:  out,
+	}, nil
+}
+
+// Refresh validates the Kilo token.
+func (e *KiloExecutor) Refresh(ctx context.Context, auth *cliproxyauth.Auth) (*cliproxyauth.Auth, error) {
+	if auth == nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("missing auth")
+	}
+	return auth, nil
+}
+
+// CountTokens returns the token count for the given request.
+func (e *KiloExecutor) CountTokens(ctx context.Context, auth *cliproxyauth.Auth, req cliproxyexecutor.Request, opts cliproxyexecutor.Options) (cliproxyexecutor.Response, error) {
+	return cliproxyexecutor.Response{}, fmt.Errorf("kilo: count tokens not supported")
+}
+
+// kiloCredentials extracts access token and other info from auth.
+func kiloCredentials(auth *cliproxyauth.Auth) (accessToken, orgID string) {
+	if auth == nil {
+		return "", ""
+	}
+
+	// Prefer kilocode specific keys, then fall back to generic keys.
+	// Check metadata first, then attributes.
+	if auth.Metadata != nil {
+		if token, ok := auth.Metadata["kilocodeToken"].(string); ok && token != "" {
+			accessToken = token
+		} else if token, ok := auth.Metadata["access_token"].(string); ok && token != "" {
+			accessToken = token
+		}
+
+		if org, ok := auth.Metadata["kilocodeOrganizationId"].(string); ok && org != "" {
+			orgID = org
+		} else if org, ok := auth.Metadata["organization_id"].(string); ok && org != "" {
+			orgID = org
+		}
+	}
+
+	if accessToken == "" && auth.Attributes != nil {
+		if token := auth.Attributes["kilocodeToken"]; token != "" {
+			accessToken = token
+		} else if token := auth.Attributes["access_token"]; token != "" {
+			accessToken = token
+		}
+	}
+
+	if orgID == "" && auth.Attributes != nil {
+		if org := auth.Attributes["kilocodeOrganizationId"]; org != "" {
+			orgID = org
+		} else if org := auth.Attributes["organization_id"]; org != "" {
+			orgID = org
+		}
+	}
+
+	return accessToken, orgID
+}
+
+// FetchKiloModels fetches models from Kilo API.
+func FetchKiloModels(ctx context.Context, auth *cliproxyauth.Auth, cfg *config.Config) []*registry.ModelInfo {
+	accessToken, orgID := kiloCredentials(auth)
+	if accessToken == "" {
+		log.Infof("kilo: no access token found, skipping dynamic model fetch (using static kilo/auto)")
+		return registry.GetKiloModels()
+	}
+
+	log.Debugf("kilo: fetching dynamic models (orgID: %s)", orgID)
+
+	httpClient := newProxyAwareHTTPClient(ctx, cfg, auth, 0)
+	req, err := http.NewRequestWithContext(ctx, http.MethodGet, "https://api.kilo.ai/api/openrouter/models", nil)
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Warnf("kilo: failed to create model fetch request: %v", err)
+		return registry.GetKiloModels()
+	}
+
+	req.Header.Set("Authorization", "Bearer "+accessToken)
+	if orgID != "" {
+		req.Header.Set("X-Kilocode-OrganizationID", orgID)
+	}
+	req.Header.Set("User-Agent", "cli-proxy-kilo")
+
+	resp, err := httpClient.Do(req)
+	if err != nil {
+		if errors.Is(err, context.Canceled) || errors.Is(err, context.DeadlineExceeded) {
+			log.Warnf("kilo: fetch models canceled: %v", err)
+		} else {
+			log.Warnf("kilo: using static models (API fetch failed: %v)", err)
+		}
+		return registry.GetKiloModels()
+	}
+	defer resp.Body.Close()
+
+	body, err := io.ReadAll(resp.Body)
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Warnf("kilo: failed to read models response: %v", err)
+		return registry.GetKiloModels()
+	}
+
+	if resp.StatusCode != http.StatusOK {
+		log.Warnf("kilo: fetch models failed: status %d, body: %s", resp.StatusCode, string(body))
+		return registry.GetKiloModels()
+	}
+
+	result := gjson.GetBytes(body, "data")
+	if !result.Exists() {
+		// Try root if data field is missing
+		result = gjson.ParseBytes(body)
+		if !result.IsArray() {
+			log.Debugf("kilo: response body: %s", string(body))
+			log.Warn("kilo: invalid API response format (expected array or data field with array)")
+			return registry.GetKiloModels()
+		}
+	}
+
+	var dynamicModels []*registry.ModelInfo
+	now := time.Now().Unix()
+	count := 0
+	totalCount := 0
+
+	result.ForEach(func(key, value gjson.Result) bool {
+		totalCount++
+		id := value.Get("id").String()
+		pIdxResult := value.Get("preferredIndex")
+		preferredIndex := pIdxResult.Int()
+
+		// Filter models where preferredIndex > 0 (Kilo-curated models)
+		if preferredIndex <= 0 {
+			return true
+		}
+
+		// Check if it's free. We look for :free suffix, is_free flag, or zero pricing.
+		isFree := strings.HasSuffix(id, ":free") || id == "giga-potato" || value.Get("is_free").Bool()
+		if !isFree {
+			// Check pricing as fallback
+			promptPricing := value.Get("pricing.prompt").String()
+			if promptPricing == "0" || promptPricing == "0.0" {
+				isFree = true
+			}
+		}
+
+		if !isFree {
+			log.Debugf("kilo: skipping curated paid model: %s", id)
+			return true
+		}
+
+		log.Debugf("kilo: found curated model: %s (preferredIndex: %d)", id, preferredIndex)
+
+		dynamicModels = append(dynamicModels, &registry.ModelInfo{
+			ID:            id,
+			DisplayName:   value.Get("name").String(),
+			ContextLength: int(value.Get("context_length").Int()),
+			OwnedBy:       "kilo",
+			Type:          "kilo",
+			Object:        "model",
+			Created:       now,
+		})
+		count++
+		return true
+	})
+
+	log.Infof("kilo: fetched %d models from API, %d curated free (preferredIndex > 0)", totalCount, count)
+	if count == 0 && totalCount > 0 {
+		log.Warn("kilo: no curated free models found (check API response fields)")
+	}
+
+	staticModels := registry.GetKiloModels()
+	// Always include kilo/auto (first static model)
+	allModels := append(staticModels[:1], dynamicModels...)
+
+	return allModels
+}

internal/runtime/executor/kiro_executor_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,423 @@
+package executor
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+	"testing"
+
+	kiroauth "github.com/router-for-me/CLIProxyAPI/v6/internal/auth/kiro"
+	cliproxyauth "github.com/router-for-me/CLIProxyAPI/v6/sdk/cliproxy/auth"
+)
+
+func TestBuildKiroEndpointConfigs(t *testing.T) {
+	tests := []struct {
+		name           string
+		region         string
+		expectedURL    string
+		expectedOrigin string
+		expectedName   string
+	}{
+		{
+			name:           "Empty region - defaults to us-east-1",
+			region:         "",
+			expectedURL:    "https://q.us-east-1.amazonaws.com/generateAssistantResponse",
+			expectedOrigin: "AI_EDITOR",
+			expectedName:   "AmazonQ",
+		},
+		{
+			name:           "us-east-1",
+			region:         "us-east-1",
+			expectedURL:    "https://q.us-east-1.amazonaws.com/generateAssistantResponse",
+			expectedOrigin: "AI_EDITOR",
+			expectedName:   "AmazonQ",
+		},
+		{
+			name:           "ap-southeast-1",
+			region:         "ap-southeast-1",
+			expectedURL:    "https://q.ap-southeast-1.amazonaws.com/generateAssistantResponse",
+			expectedOrigin: "AI_EDITOR",
+			expectedName:   "AmazonQ",
+		},
+		{
+			name:           "eu-west-1",
+			region:         "eu-west-1",
+			expectedURL:    "https://q.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/generateAssistantResponse",
+			expectedOrigin: "AI_EDITOR",
+			expectedName:   "AmazonQ",
+		},
+	}
+
+	for _, tt := range tests {
+		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			configs := buildKiroEndpointConfigs(tt.region)
+
+			if len(configs) != 2 {
+				t.Fatalf("expected 2 endpoint configs, got %d", len(configs))
+			}
+
+			// Check primary endpoint (AmazonQ)
+			primary := configs[0]
+			if primary.URL != tt.expectedURL {
+				t.Errorf("primary URL = %q, want %q", primary.URL, tt.expectedURL)
+			}
+			if primary.Origin != tt.expectedOrigin {
+				t.Errorf("primary Origin = %q, want %q", primary.Origin, tt.expectedOrigin)
+			}
+			if primary.Name != tt.expectedName {
+				t.Errorf("primary Name = %q, want %q", primary.Name, tt.expectedName)
+			}
+			if primary.AmzTarget != "" {
+				t.Errorf("primary AmzTarget should be empty, got %q", primary.AmzTarget)
+			}
+
+			// Check fallback endpoint (CodeWhisperer)
+			fallback := configs[1]
+			if fallback.Name != "CodeWhisperer" {
+				t.Errorf("fallback Name = %q, want %q", fallback.Name, "CodeWhisperer")
+			}
+			// CodeWhisperer fallback uses the same region as Q endpoint
+			expectedRegion := tt.region
+			if expectedRegion == "" {
+				expectedRegion = kiroDefaultRegion
+			}
+			expectedFallbackURL := fmt.Sprintf("https://codewhisperer.%s.amazonaws.com/generateAssistantResponse", expectedRegion)
+			if fallback.URL != expectedFallbackURL {
+				t.Errorf("fallback URL = %q, want %q", fallback.URL, expectedFallbackURL)
+			}
+			if fallback.AmzTarget == "" {
+				t.Error("fallback AmzTarget should NOT be empty")
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+func TestGetKiroEndpointConfigs_NilAuth(t *testing.T) {
+	configs := getKiroEndpointConfigs(nil)
+
+	if len(configs) != 2 {
+		t.Fatalf("expected 2 endpoint configs, got %d", len(configs))
+	}
+
+	// Should return default us-east-1 configs
+	if configs[0].Name != "AmazonQ" {
+		t.Errorf("first config Name = %q, want %q", configs[0].Name, "AmazonQ")
+	}
+	expectedURL := "https://q.us-east-1.amazonaws.com/generateAssistantResponse"
+	if configs[0].URL != expectedURL {
+		t.Errorf("first config URL = %q, want %q", configs[0].URL, expectedURL)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestGetKiroEndpointConfigs_WithRegionFromProfileArn(t *testing.T) {
+	auth := &cliproxyauth.Auth{
+		Metadata: map[string]any{
+			"profile_arn": "arn:aws:codewhisperer:ap-southeast-1:123456789012:profile/ABC",
+		},
+	}
+
+	configs := getKiroEndpointConfigs(auth)
+
+	if len(configs) != 2 {
+		t.Fatalf("expected 2 endpoint configs, got %d", len(configs))
+	}
+
+	expectedURL := "https://q.ap-southeast-1.amazonaws.com/generateAssistantResponse"
+	if configs[0].URL != expectedURL {
+		t.Errorf("primary URL = %q, want %q", configs[0].URL, expectedURL)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestGetKiroEndpointConfigs_WithApiRegionOverride(t *testing.T) {
+	auth := &cliproxyauth.Auth{
+		Metadata: map[string]any{
+			"api_region":  "eu-central-1",
+			"profile_arn": "arn:aws:codewhisperer:us-east-1:123456789012:profile/ABC",
+		},
+	}
+
+	configs := getKiroEndpointConfigs(auth)
+
+	// api_region should take precedence over profile_arn
+	expectedURL := "https://q.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/generateAssistantResponse"
+	if configs[0].URL != expectedURL {
+		t.Errorf("primary URL = %q, want %q", configs[0].URL, expectedURL)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestGetKiroEndpointConfigs_PreferredEndpoint(t *testing.T) {
+	tests := []struct {
+		name              string
+		preference        string
+		expectedFirstName string
+	}{
+		{
+			name:              "Prefer codewhisperer",
+			preference:        "codewhisperer",
+			expectedFirstName: "CodeWhisperer",
+		},
+		{
+			name:              "Prefer ide (alias for codewhisperer)",
+			preference:        "ide",
+			expectedFirstName: "CodeWhisperer",
+		},
+		{
+			name:              "Prefer amazonq",
+			preference:        "amazonq",
+			expectedFirstName: "AmazonQ",
+		},
+		{
+			name:              "Prefer q (alias for amazonq)",
+			preference:        "q",
+			expectedFirstName: "AmazonQ",
+		},
+		{
+			name:              "Prefer cli (alias for amazonq)",
+			preference:        "cli",
+			expectedFirstName: "AmazonQ",
+		},
+		{
+			name:              "Unknown preference - no reordering",
+			preference:        "unknown",
+			expectedFirstName: "AmazonQ",
+		},
+		{
+			name:              "Empty preference - no reordering",
+			preference:        "",
+			expectedFirstName: "AmazonQ",
+		},
+	}
+
+	for _, tt := range tests {
+		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			auth := &cliproxyauth.Auth{
+				Metadata: map[string]any{
+					"preferred_endpoint": tt.preference,
+				},
+			}
+
+			configs := getKiroEndpointConfigs(auth)
+
+			if configs[0].Name != tt.expectedFirstName {
+				t.Errorf("first endpoint Name = %q, want %q", configs[0].Name, tt.expectedFirstName)
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+func TestGetKiroEndpointConfigs_PreferredEndpointFromAttributes(t *testing.T) {
+	// Test that preferred_endpoint can also come from Attributes
+	auth := &cliproxyauth.Auth{
+		Metadata:   map[string]any{},
+		Attributes: map[string]string{"preferred_endpoint": "codewhisperer"},
+	}
+
+	configs := getKiroEndpointConfigs(auth)
+
+	if configs[0].Name != "CodeWhisperer" {
+		t.Errorf("first endpoint Name = %q, want %q", configs[0].Name, "CodeWhisperer")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestGetKiroEndpointConfigs_MetadataTakesPrecedenceOverAttributes(t *testing.T) {
+	auth := &cliproxyauth.Auth{
+		Metadata:   map[string]any{"preferred_endpoint": "amazonq"},
+		Attributes: map[string]string{"preferred_endpoint": "codewhisperer"},
+	}
+
+	configs := getKiroEndpointConfigs(auth)
+
+	// Metadata should take precedence
+	if configs[0].Name != "AmazonQ" {
+		t.Errorf("first endpoint Name = %q, want %q", configs[0].Name, "AmazonQ")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestGetAuthValue(t *testing.T) {
+	tests := []struct {
+		name     string
+		auth     *cliproxyauth.Auth
+		key      string
+		expected string
+	}{
+		{
+			name: "From metadata",
+			auth: &cliproxyauth.Auth{
+				Metadata: map[string]any{"test_key": "metadata_value"},
+			},
+			key:      "test_key",
+			expected: "metadata_value",
+		},
+		{
+			name: "From attributes (fallback)",
+			auth: &cliproxyauth.Auth{
+				Attributes: map[string]string{"test_key": "attribute_value"},
+			},
+			key:      "test_key",
+			expected: "attribute_value",
+		},
+		{
+			name: "Metadata takes precedence",
+			auth: &cliproxyauth.Auth{
+				Metadata:   map[string]any{"test_key": "metadata_value"},
+				Attributes: map[string]string{"test_key": "attribute_value"},
+			},
+			key:      "test_key",
+			expected: "metadata_value",
+		},
+		{
+			name: "Key not found",
+			auth: &cliproxyauth.Auth{
+				Metadata:   map[string]any{"other_key": "value"},
+				Attributes: map[string]string{"another_key": "value"},
+			},
+			key:      "test_key",
+			expected: "",
+		},
+		{
+			name: "Nil metadata",
+			auth: &cliproxyauth.Auth{
+				Attributes: map[string]string{"test_key": "attribute_value"},
+			},
+			key:      "test_key",
+			expected: "attribute_value",
+		},
+		{
+			name: "Both nil",
+			auth: &cliproxyauth.Auth{},
+			key:      "test_key",
+			expected: "",
+		},
+		{
+			name: "Value is trimmed and lowercased",
+			auth: &cliproxyauth.Auth{
+				Metadata: map[string]any{"test_key": "  UPPER_VALUE  "},
+			},
+			key:      "test_key",
+			expected: "upper_value",
+		},
+		{
+			name: "Empty string value in metadata - falls back to attributes",
+			auth: &cliproxyauth.Auth{
+				Metadata:   map[string]any{"test_key": ""},
+				Attributes: map[string]string{"test_key": "attribute_value"},
+			},
+			key:      "test_key",
+			expected: "attribute_value",
+		},
+		{
+			name: "Non-string value in metadata - falls back to attributes",
+			auth: &cliproxyauth.Auth{
+				Metadata:   map[string]any{"test_key": 123},
+				Attributes: map[string]string{"test_key": "attribute_value"},
+			},
+			key:      "test_key",
+			expected: "attribute_value",
+		},
+	}
+
+	for _, tt := range tests {
+		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			result := getAuthValue(tt.auth, tt.key)
+			if result != tt.expected {
+				t.Errorf("getAuthValue() = %q, want %q", result, tt.expected)
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+func TestGetAccountKey(t *testing.T) {
+	tests := []struct {
+		name     string
+		auth     *cliproxyauth.Auth
+		checkFn  func(t *testing.T, result string)
+	}{
+		{
+			name: "From client_id",
+			auth: &cliproxyauth.Auth{
+				Metadata: map[string]any{
+					"client_id":     "test-client-id-123",
+					"refresh_token": "test-refresh-token-456",
+				},
+			},
+			checkFn: func(t *testing.T, result string) {
+				expected := kiroauth.GetAccountKey("test-client-id-123", "test-refresh-token-456")
+				if result != expected {
+					t.Errorf("expected %s, got %s", expected, result)
+				}
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			name: "From refresh_token only",
+			auth: &cliproxyauth.Auth{
+				Metadata: map[string]any{
+					"refresh_token": "test-refresh-token-789",
+				},
+			},
+			checkFn: func(t *testing.T, result string) {
+				expected := kiroauth.GetAccountKey("", "test-refresh-token-789")
+				if result != expected {
+					t.Errorf("expected %s, got %s", expected, result)
+				}
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			name: "Nil auth",
+			auth: nil,
+			checkFn: func(t *testing.T, result string) {
+				if len(result) != 16 {
+					t.Errorf("expected 16 char key, got %d chars", len(result))
+				}
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			name: "Nil metadata",
+			auth: &cliproxyauth.Auth{},
+			checkFn: func(t *testing.T, result string) {
+				if len(result) != 16 {
+					t.Errorf("expected 16 char key, got %d chars", len(result))
+				}
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			name: "Empty metadata",
+			auth: &cliproxyauth.Auth{
+				Metadata: map[string]any{},
+			},
+			checkFn: func(t *testing.T, result string) {
+				if len(result) != 16 {
+					t.Errorf("expected 16 char key, got %d chars", len(result))
+				}
+			},
+		},
+	}
+
+	for _, tt := range tests {
+		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			result := getAccountKey(tt.auth)
+			tt.checkFn(t, result)
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+func TestEndpointAliases(t *testing.T) {
+	// Verify all expected aliases are defined
+	expectedAliases := map[string]string{
+		"codewhisperer": "codewhisperer",
+		"ide":           "codewhisperer",
+		"amazonq":       "amazonq",
+		"q":             "amazonq",
+		"cli":           "amazonq",
+	}
+
+	for alias, target := range expectedAliases {
+		if actual, ok := endpointAliases[alias]; !ok {
+			t.Errorf("missing alias %q", alias)
+		} else if actual != target {
+			t.Errorf("alias %q = %q, want %q", alias, actual, target)
+		}
+	}
+
+	// Verify no unexpected aliases
+	if len(endpointAliases) != len(expectedAliases) {
+		t.Errorf("unexpected number of aliases: got %d, want %d", len(endpointAliases), len(expectedAliases))
+	}
+}

internal/translator/claude/openai/chat-completions/claude_openai_response.go

@@ -62,6 +62,10 @@ func calculateClaudeUsageTokens(usage gjson.Result) (promptTokens, completionTok
 // Returns:
 //   - [][]byte: A slice of OpenAI-compatible JSON responses
 func ConvertClaudeResponseToOpenAI(_ context.Context, modelName string, originalRequestRawJSON, requestRawJSON, rawJSON []byte, param *any) [][]byte {
+	var localParam any
+	if param == nil {
+		param = &localParam
+	}
 	if *param == nil {
 		*param = &ConvertAnthropicResponseToOpenAIParams{
 			CreatedAt:    0,

internal/translator/init.go

@@ -33,4 +33,7 @@ import (
 	_ "github.com/router-for-me/CLIProxyAPI/v6/internal/translator/antigravity/gemini"
 	_ "github.com/router-for-me/CLIProxyAPI/v6/internal/translator/antigravity/openai/chat-completions"
 	_ "github.com/router-for-me/CLIProxyAPI/v6/internal/translator/antigravity/openai/responses"
+
+	_ "github.com/router-for-me/CLIProxyAPI/v6/internal/translator/kiro/claude"
+	_ "github.com/router-for-me/CLIProxyAPI/v6/internal/translator/kiro/openai"
 )

internal/translator/kiro/claude/init.go

@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+// Package claude provides translation between Kiro and Claude formats.
+package claude
+
+import (
+	. "github.com/router-for-me/CLIProxyAPI/v6/internal/constant"
+	"github.com/router-for-me/CLIProxyAPI/v6/internal/interfaces"
+	"github.com/router-for-me/CLIProxyAPI/v6/internal/translator/translator"
+)
+
+func init() {
+	translator.Register(
+		Claude,
+		Kiro,
+		ConvertClaudeRequestToKiro,
+		interfaces.TranslateResponse{
+			Stream:    ConvertKiroStreamToClaude,
+			NonStream: ConvertKiroNonStreamToClaude,
+		},
+	)
+}

internal/translator/kiro/claude/kiro_claude.go

@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+// Package claude provides translation between Kiro and Claude formats.
+// Since Kiro executor generates Claude-compatible SSE format internally (with event: prefix),
+// translations are pass-through for streaming, but responses need proper formatting.
+package claude
+
+import (
+	"context"
+)
+
+// ConvertKiroStreamToClaude converts Kiro streaming response to Claude format.
+// Kiro executor already generates complete SSE format with "event:" prefix,
+// so this is a simple pass-through.
+func ConvertKiroStreamToClaude(ctx context.Context, model string, originalRequest, request, rawResponse []byte, param *any) [][]byte {
+	return [][]byte{rawResponse}
+}
+
+// ConvertKiroNonStreamToClaude converts Kiro non-streaming response to Claude format.
+// The response is already in Claude format, so this is a pass-through.
+func ConvertKiroNonStreamToClaude(ctx context.Context, model string, originalRequest, request, rawResponse []byte, param *any) []byte {
+	return rawResponse
+}

internal/translator/kiro/claude/kiro_claude_request.go

@@ -0,0 +1,961 @@
+// Package claude provides request translation functionality for Claude API to Kiro format.
+// It handles parsing and transforming Claude API requests into the Kiro/Amazon Q API format,
+// extracting model information, system instructions, message contents, and tool declarations.
+package claude
+
+import (
+	"encoding/json"
+	"fmt"
+	"net/http"
+	"strings"
+	"time"
+	"unicode/utf8"
+
+	"github.com/google/uuid"
+	kirocommon "github.com/router-for-me/CLIProxyAPI/v6/internal/translator/kiro/common"
+	log "github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
+	"github.com/tidwall/gjson"
+)
+
+// remoteWebSearchDescription is a minimal fallback for when dynamic fetch from MCP tools/list hasn't completed yet.
+const remoteWebSearchDescription = "WebSearch looks up information outside the model's training data. Supports multiple queries to gather comprehensive information."
+
+// Kiro API request structs - field order determines JSON key order
+
+// KiroPayload is the top-level request structure for Kiro API
+type KiroPayload struct {
+	ConversationState KiroConversationState `json:"conversationState"`
+	ProfileArn        string                `json:"profileArn,omitempty"`
+	InferenceConfig   *KiroInferenceConfig  `json:"inferenceConfig,omitempty"`
+}
+
+// KiroInferenceConfig contains inference parameters for the Kiro API.
+type KiroInferenceConfig struct {
+	MaxTokens   int     `json:"maxTokens,omitempty"`
+	Temperature float64 `json:"temperature,omitempty"`
+	TopP        float64 `json:"topP,omitempty"`
+}
+
+// KiroConversationState holds the conversation context
+type KiroConversationState struct {
+	AgentContinuationID string               `json:"agentContinuationId,omitempty"`
+	AgentTaskType       string               `json:"agentTaskType,omitempty"`
+	ChatTriggerType     string               `json:"chatTriggerType"` // Required: "MANUAL"
+	ConversationID      string               `json:"conversationId"`
+	CurrentMessage      KiroCurrentMessage   `json:"currentMessage"`
+	History             []KiroHistoryMessage `json:"history,omitempty"`
+}
+
+// KiroCurrentMessage wraps the current user message
+type KiroCurrentMessage struct {
+	UserInputMessage KiroUserInputMessage `json:"userInputMessage"`
+}
+
+// KiroHistoryMessage represents a message in the conversation history
+type KiroHistoryMessage struct {
+	UserInputMessage         *KiroUserInputMessage         `json:"userInputMessage,omitempty"`
+	AssistantResponseMessage *KiroAssistantResponseMessage `json:"assistantResponseMessage,omitempty"`
+}
+
+// KiroImage represents an image in Kiro API format
+type KiroImage struct {
+	Format string          `json:"format"`
+	Source KiroImageSource `json:"source"`
+}
+
+// KiroImageSource contains the image data
+type KiroImageSource struct {
+	Bytes string `json:"bytes"` // base64 encoded image data
+}
+
+// KiroUserInputMessage represents a user message
+type KiroUserInputMessage struct {
+	Content                 string                       `json:"content"`
+	ModelID                 string                       `json:"modelId"`
+	Origin                  string                       `json:"origin"`
+	Images                  []KiroImage                  `json:"images,omitempty"`
+	UserInputMessageContext *KiroUserInputMessageContext `json:"userInputMessageContext,omitempty"`
+}
+
+// KiroUserInputMessageContext contains tool-related context
+type KiroUserInputMessageContext struct {
+	ToolResults []KiroToolResult  `json:"toolResults,omitempty"`
+	Tools       []KiroToolWrapper `json:"tools,omitempty"`
+}
+
+// KiroToolResult represents a tool execution result
+type KiroToolResult struct {
+	Content   []KiroTextContent `json:"content"`
+	Status    string            `json:"status"`
+	ToolUseID string            `json:"toolUseId"`
+}
+
+// KiroTextContent represents text content
+type KiroTextContent struct {
+	Text string `json:"text"`
+}
+
+// KiroToolWrapper wraps a tool specification
+type KiroToolWrapper struct {
+	ToolSpecification KiroToolSpecification `json:"toolSpecification"`
+}
+
+// KiroToolSpecification defines a tool's schema
+type KiroToolSpecification struct {
+	Name        string          `json:"name"`
+	Description string          `json:"description"`
+	InputSchema KiroInputSchema `json:"inputSchema"`
+}
+
+// KiroInputSchema wraps the JSON schema for tool input
+type KiroInputSchema struct {
+	JSON interface{} `json:"json"`
+}
+
+// KiroAssistantResponseMessage represents an assistant message
+type KiroAssistantResponseMessage struct {
+	Content  string        `json:"content"`
+	ToolUses []KiroToolUse `json:"toolUses,omitempty"`
+}
+
+// KiroToolUse represents a tool invocation by the assistant
+type KiroToolUse struct {
+	ToolUseID      string                 `json:"toolUseId"`
+	Name           string                 `json:"name"`
+	Input          map[string]interface{} `json:"input"`
+	IsTruncated    bool                   `json:"-"` // Internal flag, not serialized
+	TruncationInfo *TruncationInfo        `json:"-"` // Truncation details, not serialized
+}
+
+// ConvertClaudeRequestToKiro converts a Claude API request to Kiro format.
+// This is the main entry point for request translation.
+func ConvertClaudeRequestToKiro(modelName string, inputRawJSON []byte, stream bool) []byte {
+	// For Kiro, we pass through the Claude format since buildKiroPayload
+	// expects Claude format and does the conversion internally.
+	// The actual conversion happens in the executor when building the HTTP request.
+	return inputRawJSON
+}
+
+// BuildKiroPayload constructs the Kiro API request payload from Claude format.
+// Supports tool calling - tools are passed via userInputMessageContext.
+// origin parameter determines which quota to use: "CLI" for Amazon Q, "AI_EDITOR" for Kiro IDE.
+// isAgentic parameter enables chunked write optimization prompt for -agentic model variants.
+// isChatOnly parameter disables tool calling for -chat model variants (pure conversation mode).
+// headers parameter allows checking Anthropic-Beta header for thinking mode detection.
+// metadata parameter is kept for API compatibility but no longer used for thinking configuration.
+// Supports thinking mode - when enabled, injects thinking tags into system prompt.
+// Returns the payload and a boolean indicating whether thinking mode was injected.
+func BuildKiroPayload(claudeBody []byte, modelID, profileArn, origin string, isAgentic, isChatOnly bool, headers http.Header, metadata map[string]any) ([]byte, bool) {
+	// Extract max_tokens for potential use in inferenceConfig
+	// Handle -1 as "use maximum" (Kiro max output is ~32000 tokens)
+	const kiroMaxOutputTokens = 32000
+	var maxTokens int64
+	if mt := gjson.GetBytes(claudeBody, "max_tokens"); mt.Exists() {
+		maxTokens = mt.Int()
+		if maxTokens == -1 {
+			maxTokens = kiroMaxOutputTokens
+			log.Debugf("kiro: max_tokens=-1 converted to %d", kiroMaxOutputTokens)
+		}
+	}
+
+	// Extract temperature if specified
+	var temperature float64
+	var hasTemperature bool
+	if temp := gjson.GetBytes(claudeBody, "temperature"); temp.Exists() {
+		temperature = temp.Float()
+		hasTemperature = true
+	}
+
+	// Extract top_p if specified
+	var topP float64
+	var hasTopP bool
+	if tp := gjson.GetBytes(claudeBody, "top_p"); tp.Exists() {
+		topP = tp.Float()
+		hasTopP = true
+		log.Debugf("kiro: extracted top_p: %.2f", topP)
+	}
+
+	// Normalize origin value for Kiro API compatibility
+	origin = normalizeOrigin(origin)
+	log.Debugf("kiro: normalized origin value: %s", origin)
+
+	messages := gjson.GetBytes(claudeBody, "messages")
+
+	// For chat-only mode, don't include tools
+	var tools gjson.Result
+	if !isChatOnly {
+		tools = gjson.GetBytes(claudeBody, "tools")
+	}
+
+	// Extract system prompt
+	systemPrompt := extractSystemPrompt(claudeBody)
+
+	// Check for thinking mode using the comprehensive IsThinkingEnabledWithHeaders function
+	// This supports Claude API format, OpenAI reasoning_effort, AMP/Cursor format, and Anthropic-Beta header
+	thinkingEnabled := IsThinkingEnabledWithHeaders(claudeBody, headers)
+
+	// Inject timestamp context
+	timestamp := time.Now().Format("2006-01-02 15:04:05 MST")
+	timestampContext := fmt.Sprintf("[Context: Current time is %s]", timestamp)
+	if systemPrompt != "" {
+		systemPrompt = timestampContext + "\n\n" + systemPrompt
+	} else {
+		systemPrompt = timestampContext
+	}
+	log.Debugf("kiro: injected timestamp context: %s", timestamp)
+
+	// Inject agentic optimization prompt for -agentic model variants
+	if isAgentic {
+		if systemPrompt != "" {
+			systemPrompt += "\n"
+		}
+		systemPrompt += kirocommon.KiroAgenticSystemPrompt
+	}
+
+	// Handle tool_choice parameter - Kiro doesn't support it natively, so we inject system prompt hints
+	// Claude tool_choice values: {"type": "auto/any/tool", "name": "..."}
+	toolChoiceHint := extractClaudeToolChoiceHint(claudeBody)
+	if toolChoiceHint != "" {
+		if systemPrompt != "" {
+			systemPrompt += "\n"
+		}
+		systemPrompt += toolChoiceHint
+		log.Debugf("kiro: injected tool_choice hint into system prompt")
+	}
+
+	// Convert Claude tools to Kiro format
+	kiroTools := convertClaudeToolsToKiro(tools)
+
+	// Thinking mode implementation:
+	// Kiro API supports official thinking/reasoning mode via <thinking_mode> tag.
+	// When set to "enabled", Kiro returns reasoning content as official reasoningContentEvent
+	// rather than inline <thinking> tags in assistantResponseEvent.
+	// We cap max_thinking_length to reserve space for tool outputs and prevent truncation.
+	if thinkingEnabled {
+		thinkingHint := `<thinking_mode>enabled</thinking_mode>
+<max_thinking_length>16000</max_thinking_length>`
+		if systemPrompt != "" {
+			systemPrompt = thinkingHint + "\n\n" + systemPrompt
+		} else {
+			systemPrompt = thinkingHint
+		}
+		log.Infof("kiro: injected thinking prompt (official mode), has_tools: %v", len(kiroTools) > 0)
+	}
+
+	// Process messages and build history
+	history, currentUserMsg, currentToolResults := processMessages(messages, modelID, origin)
+
+	// Build content with system prompt.
+	// Keep thinking tags on subsequent turns so multi-turn Claude sessions
+	// continue to emit reasoning events.
+	if currentUserMsg != nil {
+		currentUserMsg.Content = buildFinalContent(currentUserMsg.Content, systemPrompt, currentToolResults)
+
+		// Deduplicate currentToolResults
+		currentToolResults = deduplicateToolResults(currentToolResults)
+
+		// Build userInputMessageContext with tools and tool results
+		if len(kiroTools) > 0 || len(currentToolResults) > 0 {
+			currentUserMsg.UserInputMessageContext = &KiroUserInputMessageContext{
+				Tools:       kiroTools,
+				ToolResults: currentToolResults,
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	// Build payload
+	var currentMessage KiroCurrentMessage
+	if currentUserMsg != nil {
+		currentMessage = KiroCurrentMessage{UserInputMessage: *currentUserMsg}
+	} else {
+		fallbackContent := ""
+		if systemPrompt != "" {
+			fallbackContent = "--- SYSTEM PROMPT ---\n" + systemPrompt + "\n--- END SYSTEM PROMPT ---\n"
+		}
+		currentMessage = KiroCurrentMessage{UserInputMessage: KiroUserInputMessage{
+			Content: fallbackContent,
+			ModelID: modelID,
+			Origin:  origin,
+		}}
+	}
+
+	// Build inferenceConfig if we have any inference parameters
+	// Note: Kiro API doesn't actually use max_tokens for thinking budget
+	var inferenceConfig *KiroInferenceConfig
+	if maxTokens > 0 || hasTemperature || hasTopP {
+		inferenceConfig = &KiroInferenceConfig{}
+		if maxTokens > 0 {
+			inferenceConfig.MaxTokens = int(maxTokens)
+		}
+		if hasTemperature {
+			inferenceConfig.Temperature = temperature
+		}
+		if hasTopP {
+			inferenceConfig.TopP = topP
+		}
+	}
+
+	// Session IDs: extract from messages[].additional_kwargs (LangChain format) or random
+	conversationID := extractMetadataFromMessages(messages, "conversationId")
+	continuationID := extractMetadataFromMessages(messages, "continuationId")
+	if conversationID == "" {
+		conversationID = uuid.New().String()
+	}
+
+	payload := KiroPayload{
+		ConversationState: KiroConversationState{
+			AgentTaskType:   "vibe",
+			ChatTriggerType: "MANUAL",
+			ConversationID:  conversationID,
+			CurrentMessage:  currentMessage,
+			History:         history,
+		},
+		ProfileArn:      profileArn,
+		InferenceConfig: inferenceConfig,
+	}
+
+	// Only set AgentContinuationID if client provided
+	if continuationID != "" {
+		payload.ConversationState.AgentContinuationID = continuationID
+	}
+
+	result, err := json.Marshal(payload)
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Debugf("kiro: failed to marshal payload: %v", err)
+		return nil, false
+	}
+
+	return result, thinkingEnabled
+}
+
+// normalizeOrigin normalizes origin value for Kiro API compatibility
+func normalizeOrigin(origin string) string {
+	switch origin {
+	case "KIRO_CLI":
+		return "CLI"
+	case "KIRO_AI_EDITOR":
+		return "AI_EDITOR"
+	case "AMAZON_Q":
+		return "CLI"
+	case "KIRO_IDE":
+		return "AI_EDITOR"
+	default:
+		return origin
+	}
+}
+
+// extractMetadataFromMessages extracts metadata from messages[].additional_kwargs (LangChain format).
+// Searches from the last message backwards, returns empty string if not found.
+func extractMetadataFromMessages(messages gjson.Result, key string) string {
+	arr := messages.Array()
+	for i := len(arr) - 1; i >= 0; i-- {
+		if val := arr[i].Get("additional_kwargs." + key); val.Exists() && val.String() != "" {
+			return val.String()
+		}
+	}
+	return ""
+}
+
+// extractSystemPrompt extracts system prompt from Claude request
+func extractSystemPrompt(claudeBody []byte) string {
+	systemField := gjson.GetBytes(claudeBody, "system")
+	if systemField.IsArray() {
+		var sb strings.Builder
+		for _, block := range systemField.Array() {
+			if block.Get("type").String() == "text" {
+				sb.WriteString(block.Get("text").String())
+			} else if block.Type == gjson.String {
+				sb.WriteString(block.String())
+			}
+		}
+		return sb.String()
+	}
+	return systemField.String()
+}
+
+// checkThinkingMode checks if thinking mode is enabled in the Claude request
+func checkThinkingMode(claudeBody []byte) (bool, int64) {
+	thinkingEnabled := false
+	var budgetTokens int64 = 24000
+
+	thinkingField := gjson.GetBytes(claudeBody, "thinking")
+	if thinkingField.Exists() {
+		thinkingType := thinkingField.Get("type").String()
+		if thinkingType == "enabled" {
+			thinkingEnabled = true
+			if bt := thinkingField.Get("budget_tokens"); bt.Exists() {
+				budgetTokens = bt.Int()
+				if budgetTokens <= 0 {
+					thinkingEnabled = false
+					log.Debugf("kiro: thinking mode disabled via budget_tokens <= 0")
+				}
+			}
+			if thinkingEnabled {
+				log.Debugf("kiro: thinking mode enabled via Claude API parameter, budget_tokens: %d", budgetTokens)
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	return thinkingEnabled, budgetTokens
+}
+
+// hasThinkingTagInBody checks if the request body already contains thinking configuration tags.
+// This is used to prevent duplicate injection when client (e.g., AMP/Cursor) already includes thinking config.
+func hasThinkingTagInBody(body []byte) bool {
+	bodyStr := string(body)
+	return strings.Contains(bodyStr, "<thinking_mode>") || strings.Contains(bodyStr, "<max_thinking_length>")
+}
+
+// IsThinkingEnabledFromHeader checks if thinking mode is enabled via Anthropic-Beta header.
+// Claude CLI uses "Anthropic-Beta: interleaved-thinking-2025-05-14" to enable thinking.
+func IsThinkingEnabledFromHeader(headers http.Header) bool {
+	if headers == nil {
+		return false
+	}
+	betaHeader := headers.Get("Anthropic-Beta")
+	if betaHeader == "" {
+		return false
+	}
+	// Check for interleaved-thinking beta feature
+	if strings.Contains(betaHeader, "interleaved-thinking") {
+		log.Debugf("kiro: thinking mode enabled via Anthropic-Beta header: %s", betaHeader)
+		return true
+	}
+	return false
+}
+
+// IsThinkingEnabled is a public wrapper to check if thinking mode is enabled.
+// This is used by the executor to determine whether to parse <thinking> tags in responses.
+// When thinking is NOT enabled in the request, <thinking> tags in responses should be
+// treated as regular text content, not as thinking blocks.
+//
+// Supports multiple formats:
+// - Claude API format: thinking.type = "enabled"
+// - OpenAI format: reasoning_effort parameter
+// - AMP/Cursor format: <thinking_mode>interleaved</thinking_mode> in system prompt
+func IsThinkingEnabled(body []byte) bool {
+	return IsThinkingEnabledWithHeaders(body, nil)
+}
+
+// IsThinkingEnabledWithHeaders checks if thinking mode is enabled from body or headers.
+// This is the comprehensive check that supports all thinking detection methods:
+// - Claude API format: thinking.type = "enabled"
+// - OpenAI format: reasoning_effort parameter
+// - AMP/Cursor format: <thinking_mode>interleaved</thinking_mode> in system prompt
+// - Anthropic-Beta header: interleaved-thinking-2025-05-14
+func IsThinkingEnabledWithHeaders(body []byte, headers http.Header) bool {
+	// Check Anthropic-Beta header first (Claude Code uses this)
+	if IsThinkingEnabledFromHeader(headers) {
+		return true
+	}
+
+	// Check Claude API format first (thinking.type = "enabled")
+	enabled, _ := checkThinkingMode(body)
+	if enabled {
+		log.Debugf("kiro: IsThinkingEnabled returning true (Claude API format)")
+		return true
+	}
+
+	// Check OpenAI format: reasoning_effort parameter
+	// Valid values: "low", "medium", "high", "auto" (not "none")
+	reasoningEffort := gjson.GetBytes(body, "reasoning_effort")
+	if reasoningEffort.Exists() {
+		effort := reasoningEffort.String()
+		if effort != "" && effort != "none" {
+			log.Debugf("kiro: thinking mode enabled via OpenAI reasoning_effort: %s", effort)
+			return true
+		}
+	}
+
+	// Check AMP/Cursor format: <thinking_mode>interleaved</thinking_mode> in system prompt
+	// This is how AMP client passes thinking configuration
+	bodyStr := string(body)
+	if strings.Contains(bodyStr, "<thinking_mode>") && strings.Contains(bodyStr, "</thinking_mode>") {
+		// Extract thinking mode value
+		startTag := "<thinking_mode>"
+		endTag := "</thinking_mode>"
+		startIdx := strings.Index(bodyStr, startTag)
+		if startIdx >= 0 {
+			startIdx += len(startTag)
+			endIdx := strings.Index(bodyStr[startIdx:], endTag)
+			if endIdx >= 0 {
+				thinkingMode := bodyStr[startIdx : startIdx+endIdx]
+				if thinkingMode == "interleaved" || thinkingMode == "enabled" {
+					log.Debugf("kiro: thinking mode enabled via AMP/Cursor format: %s", thinkingMode)
+					return true
+				}
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	// Check OpenAI format: max_completion_tokens with reasoning (o1-style)
+	// Some clients use this to indicate reasoning mode
+	if gjson.GetBytes(body, "max_completion_tokens").Exists() {
+		// If max_completion_tokens is set, check if model name suggests reasoning
+		model := gjson.GetBytes(body, "model").String()
+		if strings.Contains(strings.ToLower(model), "thinking") ||
+			strings.Contains(strings.ToLower(model), "reason") {
+			log.Debugf("kiro: thinking mode enabled via model name hint: %s", model)
+			return true
+		}
+	}
+
+	// Check model name directly for thinking hints.
+	// This enables thinking variants even when clients don't send explicit thinking fields.
+	model := strings.TrimSpace(gjson.GetBytes(body, "model").String())
+	modelLower := strings.ToLower(model)
+	if strings.Contains(modelLower, "thinking") || strings.Contains(modelLower, "-reason") {
+		log.Debugf("kiro: thinking mode enabled via model name hint: %s", model)
+		return true
+	}
+
+	log.Debugf("kiro: IsThinkingEnabled returning false (no thinking mode detected)")
+	return false
+}
+
+// shortenToolNameIfNeeded shortens tool names that exceed 64 characters.
+// MCP tools often have long names like "mcp__server-name__tool-name".
+// This preserves the "mcp__" prefix and last segment when possible.
+func shortenToolNameIfNeeded(name string) string {
+	const limit = 64
+	if len(name) <= limit {
+		return name
+	}
+	// For MCP tools, try to preserve prefix and last segment
+	if strings.HasPrefix(name, "mcp__") {
+		idx := strings.LastIndex(name, "__")
+		if idx > 0 {
+			cand := "mcp__" + name[idx+2:]
+			if len(cand) > limit {
+				return cand[:limit]
+			}
+			return cand
+		}
+	}
+	return name[:limit]
+}
+
+func ensureKiroInputSchema(parameters interface{}) interface{} {
+	if parameters != nil {
+		return parameters
+	}
+	return map[string]interface{}{
+		"type":       "object",
+		"properties": map[string]interface{}{},
+	}
+}
+
+// convertClaudeToolsToKiro converts Claude tools to Kiro format
+func convertClaudeToolsToKiro(tools gjson.Result) []KiroToolWrapper {
+	var kiroTools []KiroToolWrapper
+	if !tools.IsArray() {
+		return kiroTools
+	}
+
+	for _, tool := range tools.Array() {
+		name := tool.Get("name").String()
+		description := tool.Get("description").String()
+		inputSchemaResult := tool.Get("input_schema")
+		var inputSchema interface{}
+		if inputSchemaResult.Exists() && inputSchemaResult.Type != gjson.Null {
+			inputSchema = inputSchemaResult.Value()
+		}
+		inputSchema = ensureKiroInputSchema(inputSchema)
+
+		// Shorten tool name if it exceeds 64 characters (common with MCP tools)
+		originalName := name
+		name = shortenToolNameIfNeeded(name)
+		if name != originalName {
+			log.Debugf("kiro: shortened tool name from '%s' to '%s'", originalName, name)
+		}
+
+		// CRITICAL FIX: Kiro API requires non-empty description
+		if strings.TrimSpace(description) == "" {
+			description = fmt.Sprintf("Tool: %s", name)
+			log.Debugf("kiro: tool '%s' has empty description, using default: %s", name, description)
+		}
+
+		// Rename web_search → remote_web_search for Kiro API compatibility
+		if name == "web_search" {
+			name = "remote_web_search"
+			// Prefer dynamically fetched description, fall back to hardcoded constant
+			if cached := GetWebSearchDescription(); cached != "" {
+				description = cached
+			} else {
+				description = remoteWebSearchDescription
+			}
+			log.Debugf("kiro: renamed tool web_search → remote_web_search")
+		}
+
+		// Truncate long descriptions (individual tool limit)
+		if len(description) > kirocommon.KiroMaxToolDescLen {
+			truncLen := kirocommon.KiroMaxToolDescLen - 30
+			for truncLen > 0 && !utf8.RuneStart(description[truncLen]) {
+				truncLen--
+			}
+			description = description[:truncLen] + "... (description truncated)"
+		}
+
+		kiroTools = append(kiroTools, KiroToolWrapper{
+			ToolSpecification: KiroToolSpecification{
+				Name:        name,
+				Description: description,
+				InputSchema: KiroInputSchema{JSON: inputSchema},
+			},
+		})
+	}
+
+	return kiroTools
+}
+
+// processMessages processes Claude messages and builds Kiro history
+func processMessages(messages gjson.Result, modelID, origin string) ([]KiroHistoryMessage, *KiroUserInputMessage, []KiroToolResult) {
+	var history []KiroHistoryMessage
+	var currentUserMsg *KiroUserInputMessage
+	var currentToolResults []KiroToolResult
+
+	// Merge adjacent messages with the same role
+	messagesArray := kirocommon.MergeAdjacentMessages(messages.Array())
+
+	// FIX: Kiro API requires history to start with a user message.
+	// Some clients (e.g., OpenClaw) send conversations starting with an assistant message,
+	// which is valid for the Claude API but causes "Improperly formed request" on Kiro.
+	// Prepend a placeholder user message so the history alternation is correct.
+	if len(messagesArray) > 0 && messagesArray[0].Get("role").String() == "assistant" {
+		placeholder := `{"role":"user","content":"."}`
+		messagesArray = append([]gjson.Result{gjson.Parse(placeholder)}, messagesArray...)
+		log.Infof("kiro: messages started with assistant role, prepended placeholder user message for Kiro API compatibility")
+	}
+
+	for i, msg := range messagesArray {
+		role := msg.Get("role").String()
+		isLastMessage := i == len(messagesArray)-1
+
+		if role == "user" {
+			userMsg, toolResults := BuildUserMessageStruct(msg, modelID, origin)
+			// CRITICAL: Kiro API requires content to be non-empty for ALL user messages
+			// This includes both history messages and the current message.
+			// When user message contains only tool_result (no text), content will be empty.
+			// This commonly happens in compaction requests from OpenCode.
+			if strings.TrimSpace(userMsg.Content) == "" {
+				if len(toolResults) > 0 {
+					userMsg.Content = kirocommon.DefaultUserContentWithToolResults
+				} else {
+					userMsg.Content = kirocommon.DefaultUserContent
+				}
+				log.Debugf("kiro: user content was empty, using default: %s", userMsg.Content)
+			}
+			if isLastMessage {
+				currentUserMsg = &userMsg
+				currentToolResults = toolResults
+			} else {
+				// For history messages, embed tool results in context
+				if len(toolResults) > 0 {
+					userMsg.UserInputMessageContext = &KiroUserInputMessageContext{
+						ToolResults: toolResults,
+					}
+				}
+				history = append(history, KiroHistoryMessage{
+					UserInputMessage: &userMsg,
+				})
+			}
+		} else if role == "assistant" {
+			assistantMsg := BuildAssistantMessageStruct(msg)
+			if isLastMessage {
+				history = append(history, KiroHistoryMessage{
+					AssistantResponseMessage: &assistantMsg,
+				})
+				// Create a "Continue" user message as currentMessage
+				currentUserMsg = &KiroUserInputMessage{
+					Content: "Continue",
+					ModelID: modelID,
+					Origin:  origin,
+				}
+			} else {
+				history = append(history, KiroHistoryMessage{
+					AssistantResponseMessage: &assistantMsg,
+				})
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	// POST-PROCESSING: Remove orphaned tool_results that have no matching tool_use
+	// in any assistant message. This happens when Claude Code compaction truncates
+	// the conversation and removes the assistant message containing the tool_use,
+	// but keeps the user message with the corresponding tool_result.
+	// Without this fix, Kiro API returns "Improperly formed request".
+	validToolUseIDs := make(map[string]bool)
+	for _, h := range history {
+		if h.AssistantResponseMessage != nil {
+			for _, tu := range h.AssistantResponseMessage.ToolUses {
+				validToolUseIDs[tu.ToolUseID] = true
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	// Filter orphaned tool results from history user messages
+	for i, h := range history {
+		if h.UserInputMessage != nil && h.UserInputMessage.UserInputMessageContext != nil {
+			ctx := h.UserInputMessage.UserInputMessageContext
+			if len(ctx.ToolResults) > 0 {
+				filtered := make([]KiroToolResult, 0, len(ctx.ToolResults))
+				for _, tr := range ctx.ToolResults {
+					if validToolUseIDs[tr.ToolUseID] {
+						filtered = append(filtered, tr)
+					} else {
+						log.Debugf("kiro: dropping orphaned tool_result in history[%d]: toolUseId=%s (no matching tool_use)", i, tr.ToolUseID)
+					}
+				}
+				ctx.ToolResults = filtered
+				if len(ctx.ToolResults) == 0 && len(ctx.Tools) == 0 {
+					h.UserInputMessage.UserInputMessageContext = nil
+				}
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	// Filter orphaned tool results from current message
+	if len(currentToolResults) > 0 {
+		filtered := make([]KiroToolResult, 0, len(currentToolResults))
+		for _, tr := range currentToolResults {
+			if validToolUseIDs[tr.ToolUseID] {
+				filtered = append(filtered, tr)
+			} else {
+				log.Debugf("kiro: dropping orphaned tool_result in currentMessage: toolUseId=%s (no matching tool_use)", tr.ToolUseID)
+			}
+		}
+		if len(filtered) != len(currentToolResults) {
+			log.Infof("kiro: dropped %d orphaned tool_result(s) from currentMessage (compaction artifact)", len(currentToolResults)-len(filtered))
+		}
+		currentToolResults = filtered
+	}
+
+	return history, currentUserMsg, currentToolResults
+}
+
+// buildFinalContent builds the final content with system prompt
+func buildFinalContent(content, systemPrompt string, toolResults []KiroToolResult) string {
+	var contentBuilder strings.Builder
+
+	if systemPrompt != "" {
+		contentBuilder.WriteString("--- SYSTEM PROMPT ---\n")
+		contentBuilder.WriteString(systemPrompt)
+		contentBuilder.WriteString("\n--- END SYSTEM PROMPT ---\n\n")
+	}
+
+	contentBuilder.WriteString(content)
+	finalContent := contentBuilder.String()
+
+	// CRITICAL: Kiro API requires content to be non-empty
+	if strings.TrimSpace(finalContent) == "" {
+		if len(toolResults) > 0 {
+			finalContent = "Tool results provided."
+		} else {
+			finalContent = "Continue"
+		}
+		log.Debugf("kiro: content was empty, using default: %s", finalContent)
+	}
+
+	return finalContent
+}
+
+// deduplicateToolResults removes duplicate tool results
+func deduplicateToolResults(toolResults []KiroToolResult) []KiroToolResult {
+	if len(toolResults) == 0 {
+		return toolResults
+	}
+
+	seenIDs := make(map[string]bool)
+	unique := make([]KiroToolResult, 0, len(toolResults))
+	for _, tr := range toolResults {
+		if !seenIDs[tr.ToolUseID] {
+			seenIDs[tr.ToolUseID] = true
+			unique = append(unique, tr)
+		} else {
+			log.Debugf("kiro: skipping duplicate toolResult in currentMessage: %s", tr.ToolUseID)
+		}
+	}
+	return unique
+}
+
+// extractClaudeToolChoiceHint extracts tool_choice from Claude request and returns a system prompt hint.
+// Claude tool_choice values:
+// - {"type": "auto"}: Model decides (default, no hint needed)
+// - {"type": "any"}: Must use at least one tool
+// - {"type": "tool", "name": "..."}: Must use specific tool
+func extractClaudeToolChoiceHint(claudeBody []byte) string {
+	toolChoice := gjson.GetBytes(claudeBody, "tool_choice")
+	if !toolChoice.Exists() {
+		return ""
+	}
+
+	toolChoiceType := toolChoice.Get("type").String()
+	switch toolChoiceType {
+	case "any":
+		return "[INSTRUCTION: You MUST use at least one of the available tools to respond. Do not respond with text only - always make a tool call.]"
+	case "tool":
+		toolName := toolChoice.Get("name").String()
+		if toolName != "" {
+			return fmt.Sprintf("[INSTRUCTION: You MUST use the tool named '%s' to respond. Do not use any other tool or respond with text only.]", toolName)
+		}
+	case "auto":
+		// Default behavior, no hint needed
+		return ""
+	}
+
+	return ""
+}
+
+// BuildUserMessageStruct builds a user message and extracts tool results
+func BuildUserMessageStruct(msg gjson.Result, modelID, origin string) (KiroUserInputMessage, []KiroToolResult) {
+	content := msg.Get("content")
+	var contentBuilder strings.Builder
+	var toolResults []KiroToolResult
+	var images []KiroImage
+
+	// Track seen toolUseIds to deduplicate
+	seenToolUseIDs := make(map[string]bool)
+
+	if content.IsArray() {
+		for _, part := range content.Array() {
+			partType := part.Get("type").String()
+			switch partType {
+			case "text":
+				contentBuilder.WriteString(part.Get("text").String())
+			case "image":
+				mediaType := part.Get("source.media_type").String()
+				data := part.Get("source.data").String()
+
+				format := ""
+				if idx := strings.LastIndex(mediaType, "/"); idx != -1 {
+					format = mediaType[idx+1:]
+				}
+
+				if format != "" && data != "" {
+					images = append(images, KiroImage{
+						Format: format,
+						Source: KiroImageSource{
+							Bytes: data,
+						},
+					})
+				}
+			case "tool_result":
+				toolUseID := part.Get("tool_use_id").String()
+
+				// Skip duplicate toolUseIds
+				if seenToolUseIDs[toolUseID] {
+					log.Debugf("kiro: skipping duplicate tool_result with toolUseId: %s", toolUseID)
+					continue
+				}
+				seenToolUseIDs[toolUseID] = true
+
+				isError := part.Get("is_error").Bool()
+				resultContent := part.Get("content")
+
+				var textContents []KiroTextContent
+
+				if resultContent.IsArray() {
+					for _, item := range resultContent.Array() {
+						if item.Get("type").String() == "text" {
+							textContents = append(textContents, KiroTextContent{Text: item.Get("text").String()})
+						} else if item.Type == gjson.String {
+							textContents = append(textContents, KiroTextContent{Text: item.String()})
+						}
+					}
+				} else if resultContent.Type == gjson.String {
+					textContents = append(textContents, KiroTextContent{Text: resultContent.String()})
+				}
+
+				if len(textContents) == 0 {
+					textContents = append(textContents, KiroTextContent{Text: "Tool use was cancelled by the user"})
+				}
+
+				status := "success"
+				if isError {
+					status = "error"
+				}
+
+				toolResults = append(toolResults, KiroToolResult{
+					ToolUseID: toolUseID,
+					Content:   textContents,
+					Status:    status,
+				})
+			}
+		}
+	} else {
+		contentBuilder.WriteString(content.String())
+	}
+
+	userMsg := KiroUserInputMessage{
+		Content: contentBuilder.String(),
+		ModelID: modelID,
+		Origin:  origin,
+	}
+
+	if len(images) > 0 {
+		userMsg.Images = images
+	}
+
+	return userMsg, toolResults
+}
+
+// BuildAssistantMessageStruct builds an assistant message with tool uses
+func BuildAssistantMessageStruct(msg gjson.Result) KiroAssistantResponseMessage {
+	content := msg.Get("content")
+	var contentBuilder strings.Builder
+	var toolUses []KiroToolUse
+
+	if content.IsArray() {
+		for _, part := range content.Array() {
+			partType := part.Get("type").String()
+			switch partType {
+			case "text":
+				contentBuilder.WriteString(part.Get("text").String())
+			case "tool_use":
+				toolUseID := part.Get("id").String()
+				toolName := part.Get("name").String()
+				toolInput := part.Get("input")
+
+				var inputMap map[string]interface{}
+				if toolInput.IsObject() {
+					inputMap = make(map[string]interface{})
+					toolInput.ForEach(func(key, value gjson.Result) bool {
+						inputMap[key.String()] = value.Value()
+						return true
+					})
+				}
+
+				// Rename web_search → remote_web_search to match convertClaudeToolsToKiro
+				if toolName == "web_search" {
+					toolName = "remote_web_search"
+				}
+
+				toolUses = append(toolUses, KiroToolUse{
+					ToolUseID: toolUseID,
+					Name:      toolName,
+					Input:     inputMap,
+				})
+			}
+		}
+	} else {
+		contentBuilder.WriteString(content.String())
+	}
+
+	// CRITICAL FIX: Kiro API requires non-empty content for assistant messages
+	// This can happen with compaction requests where assistant messages have only tool_use
+	// (no text content). Without this fix, Kiro API returns "Improperly formed request" error.
+	finalContent := contentBuilder.String()
+	if strings.TrimSpace(finalContent) == "" {
+		if len(toolUses) > 0 {
+			finalContent = kirocommon.DefaultAssistantContentWithTools
+		} else {
+			finalContent = kirocommon.DefaultAssistantContent
+		}
+		log.Debugf("kiro: assistant content was empty, using default: %s", finalContent)
+	}
+
+	return KiroAssistantResponseMessage{
+		Content:  finalContent,
+		ToolUses: toolUses,
+	}
+}